JP6795945B2 - A compressor with a linear motor and a linear motor - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a linear motor and a compressor having a linear motor.

A linear motor having a thrust generation mechanism has a shape in which a rotating machine is cut open in a straight line, and a thrust is generated in the mover by a magnetic force acting between magnetic poles formed in each of the stator and the mover.

In Patent Document 1, a plurality of magnetic poles 1 in which windings are arranged and a plurality of magnets magnetized along the Y-axis direction and arranged in the Z direction so that the magnetizing directions are opposite to each other by adjacent magnets ( A linear motor including a hard magnetic material) 3 and a mover having a ladder-like member 4 of a magnetic material (soft magnetic material) for fixing a magnet 3 is disclosed (paragraphs 1103, 0014, FIG. 2, etc.). The magnetic poles 1 are arranged in the Z direction at a pitch (2τ) twice the pitch τ of the magnet 3 (paragraph 0015).
Patent Document 2 discloses a linear motor having a mover 1 made of a non-magnetic metal and an inductor 2 (magnetic pole) made of silicon iron (soft magnetic material) and fitted and fixed to the mover 1. (Lower right column on page 2). The pitch T of the inductor 2 is 1/2 of the polar pitch on the stator 3 side (lower right column on page 2).

Republished Patent WO2013 / 124875 Pamphlet Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1-103152

Patent Document 1 attempts to generate thrust using only the permanent magnet 3 (hard magnetic material) as a magnetic pole. Patent Document 2 attempts to generate thrust using only an inductor 2 made of a soft magnetic material as a magnetic pole.
A magnetic pole made of a hard magnetic material can obtain a larger thrust than a magnetic pole made of a soft magnetic material, but it is preferable to suppress the amount used in view of cost. A magnetic pole made of a soft magnetic material is less likely to obtain a large thrust than a magnetic pole made of a hard magnetic material, and if the same thrust is to be exerted, the size of the device will be increased.

An object of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the amount of the hard magnetic material is to provide a compressor having a possible re linear motors suppress upsizing of the apparatus.

The reference numerals in the above description are the reference numerals used in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, and are different from the reference numerals used in the present specification.

The present invention made in view of the above circumstances includes an armature and a field magnet capable of reciprocating relative to the armature in a second direction opposite to the first direction and the first direction . comprising a first piston for compressing the flow body, and of said field element and the armature, one constitutes a stator and the other constitutes a movable element, the reciprocation of the mover with the first piston is a compressor you reciprocate, the field magneton has two or more or three or more magnetic poles arranged in a first direction, a portion of the magnetic pole is the hard magnetic part The remaining portion is a soft magnetic portion, and a part or all of the hard magnetic portion has an N pole in a third direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, and the remaining portion has an S pole in the third direction. The hard magnetic part and the soft magnetic part are arranged so that the arrangement of the magnetic poles can be replaced with a mode in which the north pole and the south pole are alternately arranged in the third direction . of arrangement, some or all of the first direction side of the pole from the middle, the soft magnetic portion der is, and the most magnetic poles of the first direction side the soft magnetic portion, said first piston , provided on the first direction side with respect to the movable element being connected to said movable element, characterized in Rukoto.

According to the present invention, the hard use amount of the magnetic material can be suppressed, it is possible to provide a compressor having a re linear motors capable of suppressing upsizing of the apparatus.
Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the description of the following embodiments.

The perspective view of the linear motor according to Example 1. FIG. A cross-sectional view of the linear motor according to the first embodiment (a) perpendicular to the horizontal direction and (b) a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the front-rear direction. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view perpendicular to the left-right direction of the linear motor according to the first embodiment, in which (a) a thrust is generated in the front direction and (b) a thrust is generated in the rear direction. Thrust waveform when a direct current is applied to the coil of the linear motor according to the first embodiment and the mover is moved. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of an apparatus having a linear motor according to the first embodiment, (a) a compressor having a piston on one side, and (b) a compressor having pistons on both sides. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view perpendicular to the left-right direction of the linear motor according to the second embodiment, in which (a) a thrust is generated in the front direction and (b) a thrust is generated in the rear direction. Thrust waveform when a direct current is applied to the coil of the linear motor according to the second embodiment and the mover is moved. The schematic diagram of the compressor which has a linear motor according to Example 2. FIG. The figure which looked at the mover of the linear motor according to Example 3 from the upper direction. The figure which looked at the mover of the linear motor according to Example 3 from the upper direction. The view which looked at the mover of the linear motor according to Example 4 from the upper direction. The perspective view of the linear motor according to Example 5. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the linear motor according to the fifth embodiment perpendicular to the left-right direction. The figure which looked at the mover by Example 5 from the upper direction. The figure which looked at the mover by the comparative example from the upper direction. Thrust waveform when a three-phase alternating current is applied to the coil of the linear motor according to the fifth embodiment and the mover is moved. The figure which looked at the mover according to Example 6 from the upper direction. The figure which looked at the mover by Example 7 from the upper direction. The perspective view of the linear motor according to Example 8. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the linear motor according to the eighth embodiment perpendicular to the front-rear direction. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a compressor having a linear motor according to a ninth embodiment. Top view of the mover according to the tenth embodiment. The perspective view of the compressor which has a linear motor according to Example 11. FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a compressor having a linear motor according to the eleventh embodiment. The lion figure which shows the appearance of the elastic body support member. The plan view which shows the attachment state to the mover of an elastic body support member and a resonance spring. The figure which shows typically the arrangement of a resonance spring and a mover. The figure which shows the positional relationship of an inverter, an exhaust valve, a solenoid valve and a cylinder as seen from the base plate side. It is a figure which shows the structure of the refrigerator by Example 12. It is a figure which shows the structure of the air suspension for a vehicle by Example 13. The figure explaining the arrangement of magnetic poles in the mover of the linear motor according to this invention.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Similar components are designated by the same reference numerals, and the same description will not be repeated. For the sake of explanation, the terms front-back, left-right, and up-down directions that are orthogonal to each other are used, but the direction of gravity does not necessarily have to be downward, and can be parallel to the upper, right, left, front or rear directions, or other directions. .. Therefore, the vertical direction has nothing to do with the vertical direction (vertical direction) in the mounted state of the device.

Further, in this embodiment, the Cartesian coordinate system is set so that the front-back, left-right, and up-down directions correspond to the Z-axis direction, the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis direction, respectively. As will be described later, the Z-axis direction is a direction along the moving direction of the mover, that is, the relative displacement direction (reciprocating movement direction) between the armature and the field magnet.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the linear motor 100 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the linear motor 100 according to the first embodiment (a) perpendicular to the left-right direction and (b) a sectional view perpendicular to the front-rear direction. The linear motor 100 includes a stator 1 and a mover 2. In the following description, the stator side is described as a stator that is stationary with respect to the ground, and the field magnet side is described as a mover that moves the field magnet side in the front-rear direction with respect to the ground, but the relationship between the stator and the mover is opposite. There may be. The piston is connected to the mover side. The forward direction and the rear direction may be expressed as the first direction or the second direction, respectively, and the upward direction or the downward direction may be expressed as the third direction.

[Stator 1]
The stator 1 includes an armature 3 and end members 4 arranged on the front side and the rear side of the armature 3, respectively. The armature 3 has a soft magnetic core 300 and a spacer 310, and the two cores 300 are connected by a soft magnetic spacer 310. This makes it possible to form a magnetic path including the two cores 300 and the spacer 310. A winding 5 is wound around each core 300.
One or two or more armatures 3 can be arranged in the front-rear direction. Further, the end member 4 can be provided on the front side of the frontmost armature 3 and / or on the rear side of the rearmost armature 3.
Hereinafter, one of the front direction and the rear direction will be referred to as a first direction, and the other will be referred to as a second direction.

[Core 300]
The core 300 includes magnetic pole teeth 301 that are arranged so as to face each other with the mover 2 described later interposed therebetween, and an arm portion 302 that connects these two magnetic pole teeth 301. The magnetic pole teeth 301 and the arm portion 302 can be formed by, for example, laminating electromagnetic steel plates in the front-rear direction. A winding 5 is wound around the magnetic pole tooth 301.
The arm portion 302 is a soft magnetic material that passes up and down on the outside of each of the winding wire 5 and the mover 2 in the left-right direction, and the magnetic flux emitted from the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and entering the magnetic pole tooth 301 opposes the magnetic pole tooth 301. It can be guided to another magnetic flux tooth 301. As a result, the core 300 can form a magnetic path including both sides of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 or the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 facing the magnetic pole tooth 301, the two magnetic pole teeth 301, and the arm portion 302.

[Spacer 310]
The spacer 310 can pass magnetic flux flowing through the adjacent core 300. The spacer 310 can be formed by, for example, laminating electromagnetic steel plates in the front-rear direction. Therefore, the armature 3 in which the spacer 310 is arranged between the two cores 300 has the two cores 300 and the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 according to the design such as the distance between the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 or the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 in the front-rear direction. Alternatively, a magnetic path including the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 can be formed.

[End member 4]
The end member 4 can be formed of a soft magnetic material or a non-magnetic material. The end member 4 is fixed together with itself, the core 300, and the spacer 310 by a fixing member such as a through bolt (not shown) extending in the front-rear direction. Further, a support member (not shown) such as a roller bearing is arranged on the end member 4 to support the mover 2.

[Movable child 2]
The mover 2 has a magnetic pole support portion 200 made of a non-magnetic material or a soft magnetic material that fixes three magnetic poles in the front-rear direction, and a permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 (hard magnetic portion) and soft magnetic material provided on the magnetic pole support portion 200. It has a soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 (soft magnetic part) composed of a body. As the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210, for example, a permanent magnet can be adopted. As the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220, for example, an iron material, a steel material, an electromagnetic steel plate, or the like can be adopted. Further, the mover 2 has a longitudinal direction in the front-rear direction.

The mover 2 of this embodiment has a mode in which three magnetic poles are fixed, but may be four or more, or two. Although two permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 of this embodiment are arranged in the front-rear direction, one or three or more may be used. Although one soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 of this embodiment is lined up on the front side of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210, one may be lined up on the rear side of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210, or two or more may be lined up. That is, the mover 2 has an array of magnetic poles, one of which is a permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the other of which is a soft magnetic magnetic pole 220. It is preferable that the shapes of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 are substantially the same as each other. However, for example, the outermost magnetic pole in the front-rear direction may have a shorter dimension in the front-rear direction than the other magnetic poles.

Each of the permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 is magnetized in the vertical direction. The upper surface of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 of this embodiment in which the two are arranged is arranged so that the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 on the front side has an S pole and the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 on the rear side has an N pole. The arrangement of the magnetic poles is considered as an arrangement including the soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 in addition to the permanent magnet magnetic poles 210, and when the polarity of the soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 is replaced in an appropriate direction, the magnetization orientation directions are alternately reversed. They are arranged so that they can be replaced with. Specifically, the magnetic poles of this embodiment are arranged in the order of "soft magnetic magnetic pole 220, S pole, N pole" from the front to the back, paying attention to the polarity on the upper side. When the polarity on the upper side of the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is replaced with the N pole, the arrangement of the magnetic poles can be replaced with "N pole, S pole, N pole" in a manner in which different polarities are alternately arranged. The arrangement of the magnetic poles of this embodiment is an arrangement that can be replaced in such a manner that different polarities are arranged alternately by replacing the soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 with the permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 having polarities in the vertical direction in this way. is there.

Further, the mover 2 is arranged in the space between the two magnetic pole teeth 301 and between the two arm portions 302. The permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 can be formed into a flat plate shape that is perpendicular to the vertical direction. Hereinafter, either the upward direction or the downward direction is also referred to as a third direction. In this embodiment, the vertical direction is the direction in which the polarities of the magnetic pole teeth 301 and the polarities of the permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 face each other.

Regarding Patent Document 1, it is assumed that the soft magnetic material portion located between the two magnets of the ladder-shaped member is one magnetic pole in which the north pole and the south pole are interchanged, and the Z-axis direction. Considering the arrangement of magnets and soft magnetic materials in the Y-axis direction (arrangement of polarities) of the magnetic materials lined up in, "N pole (magnet), soft magnetic material, S pole (magnet), soft magnetic material" It is a repeating sequence. In this case, when the soft magnetic material is replaced with an N pole or an S pole, there is a soft magnetic material having the same polarity as the adjacent magnet, and the different polarities are not arranged alternately.

[Magnetic support 200]
The magnetic pole support portion 200 can be formed into a ladder shape having, for example, two, three, or four or more gaps for fitting the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220, and the permanent magnet can be formed by using an adhesive or the like. The magnetic pole 210 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 can be fixed. Instead of the gap, a recess may be provided to which the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and / or the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 can be attached. The magnetic pole support portion 200 may be formed of a soft magnetic material or a non-magnetic material.

The width of the ladder-shaped portion of the magnetic pole support portion 200 located between the magnetic poles 210 and 220 in the front-rear direction is different from the width in the front-rear direction of the magnetic poles 210 and 220. In this embodiment, the width of the ladder-shaped portion in the front-rear direction is shorter than the width of the magnetic poles 210 and 220 in the front-rear direction.

[Thrust applied to the linear motor 100]
In this embodiment, when a single-phase current is supplied to the winding 5 of the armature 3 from an inverter (not shown) to magnetize the magnetic pole teeth 301, the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 of the mover 2 interact with each other. The action generates a thrust in the front-rear direction, and the mover 2 moves in the front-rear direction.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear motor 100 according to the present embodiment perpendicular to the left-right direction, in which (a) a thrust is generated in the front direction and (b) a thrust is generated in the rear direction. First, a case where thrust is received in the forward direction will be described. The centers of gravity of the three magnetic poles 210 and 220 are arranged on the mover 2 at substantially constant intervals, and of the three magnetic poles 210 and 220, the rear two are permanent magnet magnetic poles 210. As described above, the three magnetic poles are arranged in the order of "soft magnetic magnetic pole 220, S pole, N pole" on the upper side from the front to the back. A positive current is applied to the winding 5.
The solid arrow indicates the magnetization direction generated by the magnetomotive force at a certain time. As shown by the broken line, the main magnetic flux lines in the linear motor 100 loop in the two permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 and the armature 3, and the two permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 are attracted to the armature 3, and the mover 2 , As shown by the white arrow, receives thrust in the forward direction.

Next, a case where thrust is received in the backward direction will be described. A negative current is applied to the winding 5. The solid arrow indicates the magnetization direction generated by the magnetomotive force at a certain time. The main magnetic flux lines in the linear motor 100 loop in the central permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 and the armature 3, as shown by the broken line. The upper side of the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is magnetized to the N pole, the central permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 are attracted to the armature 3, and the mover 2 exerts a thrust in the rear direction as shown by the white arrow. receive.

FIG. 4 shows a thrust waveform when a positive and negative direct currents are applied to the coil 5 of the linear motor 100 according to the present embodiment to move the mover 2. In each of the three curves in which the black-painted data points are connected by a solid line, the rear two are the permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 and the front one is the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220, as shown in this embodiment. Shows thrust.
Each of the three curves in which the white-painted data points are connected by a broken line corresponds to a comparative example, and shows the thrust when all the magnetic poles are permanent magnet magnetic poles 210.
A quadrangular data point indicates a case where the direct current is in the positive direction, a triangular data point indicates a case where the current is zero, and a circular data point indicates a case where the direct current is in the negative direction.

Here, the position of the mover 2 on the horizontal axis is based on the case where the center of gravity of the central permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 is located at the center between the two adjacent cores 300 among the three magnetic poles 210 and 220. , The forward direction is positive and the backward direction is negative. Moreover, both positive and negative current values give the same magnitude. The thrust when the current is zero is due to the magnetic attraction force (detent force) acting between the core 300 and the magnetic poles 210 and 220.

In the comparative example, the thrust waveform when the current is positive and the thrust waveform when the current is negative are rotationally symmetrically distributed around the origin. That is, the thrust in the forward direction and the thrust in the rear direction are symmetrical. On the other hand, in the embodiment, when the current is zero, the detent force acting between the core 300 and the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the detent force acting between the core 300 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 have different magnitudes, so that a positive thrust (previous). Thrust in the direction) is generated, and the thrust waveform with a positive current and the thrust waveform with a negative current are not symmetrical about the origin. That is, with respect to the magnetic poles, since the arrangement of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is asymmetric in the front-rear direction, the thrusts in the front direction and the rear direction are asymmetric. As a result, the thrust in the forward direction with respect to the mover 2 is larger in the example than in the comparative example.

Therefore, by configuring as in the embodiment, it is possible to suppress a decrease in thrust in the forward direction even if the amount of permanent magnets used is reduced. On the other hand, the thrust with a negative current is smaller in the examples than in the comparative example. Therefore, the linear motor 100 of this embodiment is preferably applied to, for example, a device in which it is desired that the driving force required for driving in the forward direction is larger than the driving force required for driving in the rear direction. Specifically, a compressor in which a piston is arranged on the front side can be mentioned.

FIG. 5 is an outline showing (a) a compressor 1000 having a piston 1100 on one side, and (b) a compressor 1050 having pistons 1100 and 1150 on both sides, respectively, which is an example of the device having the linear motor 100 of this embodiment. It is a figure. The compressor 1000 includes a linear motor 100, a piston 1100, a cylinder 1200, and a connection portion 1300. The piston 1100 is connected to the mover 2 by a connecting portion 1300. Therefore, the piston 1100 reciprocates with the reciprocating movement of the mover 2, and the fluid in the cylinder 1200 can be compressed and expanded.

The compressor 1000 has a soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 on the side of the arrangement of magnetic poles close to the piston 1100, preferably on the side closest to the piston 1100. As a result, the thrust in the forward direction, that is, the pushing direction of the piston 1100 is higher than the thrust in the rear direction, that is, the pulling direction of the piston 1100. The load characteristic received by the piston 1100 of the compressor 1000 is large when the piston 1100 is pushed in, but small when the piston 1100 is pulled back. Therefore, the thrust characteristic of this embodiment is preferable.

That is, it is said that the load for moving the mover 2 in the first direction is larger than the load for moving the mover 2 in the second direction opposite to the first direction, as in fluid compression. It is preferable to apply the linear motor 100 to equipment having load characteristics.
In such a case, it is most preferable to arrange the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 on the first direction side of the magnetic poles.

As described above, the compressor 1000, which is an example of the device having the linear motor 100 of the present embodiment, has the piston 1100 for compressing the fluid on the first direction side or the second direction side of the mover 2. There is. The magnetic pole on the first direction side or the second direction side from the center of the arrangement of the magnetic poles is the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220. By arranging the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 on the side where the piston 1100 is provided, it is possible to suppress the reduction of the thrust while reducing the amount of permanent magnets, which is preferable. However, even if the piston 1100 is provided on the side opposite to the side on which the piston 1100 is provided, the effect of reducing the amount of permanent magnets can be achieved. The soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is preferably a magnetic pole at a position where it can be easily separated from the stator 3 as it reciprocates. That is, it is most preferable that the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is the first outer magnetic pole in the front-rear direction, and the second, third, ....

The term "first direction side from the center" as used herein means "from the first direction side to the Nth position" regardless of whether the number of magnetic poles is 2N or (2N + 1) for the natural number N. "Magnetic pole". Further, "middle" can be defined when the number of magnetic poles is (2N + 1), and means "the (N + 1) th magnetic pole counted from the most first direction side or the most second direction side".

Further, the compressor 1050 is different from the compressor 1000 in that another piston 1150 and another cylinder 1250 are provided on the side opposite to the one provided with the piston 1100 in the front-rear direction. The piston 1150 is connected by a connecting portion 1300 separate from the mover 2. Further, the volume (compressed volume) formed by another piston 1150 and another cylinder 1250 is smaller than the volume formed by the piston 1100 and the cylinder 1200. Since the thrust characteristic of the linear motor 100 is such that the thrust in the rear direction is smaller than the thrust in the front direction, it is preferable that the compression volume on the rear side is smaller than the compression volume on the front side in this way. Of course, it does not prevent the compression volumes formed by the pistons and cylinders from being the same, and may be the same.

In this embodiment, each of the magnetic poles has polarity in the third direction, but the idea of this embodiment also applies to a known linear motor having polarity in the first direction or the second direction. May be applied. That is, for a linear motor having a soft magnetic magnetic pole and a permanent magnet magnetic pole having polarity in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction as the magnetic pole, the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is replaced with a permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 having polarity in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction. As a result, it is possible to realize an arrangement of magnetic poles that can be replaced in a manner in which different polarities are arranged alternately.

The configuration of the second embodiment can be the same as that of the first embodiment except for the following points.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the linear motor 100 according to the present embodiment perpendicular to the left-right direction, in which (a) a thrust is generated in the front direction and (b) a thrust is generated in the rear direction. The centers of gravity of the three magnetic poles 210 and 220 are arranged at substantially constant intervals on the mover 2, one of which is the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210, and the soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 are arranged on the front side and the rear side thereof. There is. That is, the frontmost and rearmost magnetic poles are soft magnetic magnetic poles 220.
The arrangement of the magnetic poles is "soft magnetic magnetic pole 220, S pole, soft magnetic magnetic pole 220" from the front to the back. By appropriately substituting the polarities of the respective soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 with N poles here, it can be considered as "N pole, S pole, N pole". That is, the arrangement of the magnetic poles in consideration of the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is such that different polarities are arranged alternately by appropriately substituting the polarities of the soft magnetic magnetic poles 220.

First, a case where thrust is generated in the forward direction will be described. A positive current is applied to the winding 5. The solid arrows indicate the magnetization directions generated by the magnetomotive force. As shown by the broken line, the main magnetic flux lines in the linear motor 100 loop through the central permanent magnet magnetic pole 210, the rear soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 and the armature 3, and the rear soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is broken. It is magnetized to the north pole as shown by the arrow. The permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 in the center and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 on the rear side are attracted to the armature 3, and the mover 2 receives thrust in the forward direction as shown by the white arrows.

Next, a case where thrust is generated in the backward direction will be described. A negative current is applied to the winding 5. The solid arrows indicate the magnetization directions generated by the magnetomotive force. As shown by the broken line, the main magnetic flux lines in the linear motor 100 loop through the central permanent magnet magnetic pole 210, the front soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 and the armature 3, and the front soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is indicated by the broken line arrow. As shown, it is magnetized to the N pole, the central permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the front soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 are attracted to the armature 3, and as shown by the white arrow, the mover 2 receives a thrust in the rear direction.

FIG. 7 shows a thrust waveform when a direct current is applied to the coil 5 of the linear motor 100 according to the present embodiment to move the mover 2. The three curves in which the black-painted data points are connected by solid lines are the thrusts shown in this embodiment when one in the center is the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the two front and rear are 220 in the case of the soft magnetic magnetic pole. Is shown.
Each of the three curves in which the white-painted data points are connected by a broken line corresponds to a comparative example, and shows the thrust when all the magnetic poles are permanent magnet magnetic poles 210.

The position of the mover 2 on the horizontal axis is based on the case where the center of gravity of the central permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 is located at the center between the two adjacent cores 300 among the three magnetic poles 210 and 220. The front direction is positive and the rear direction is negative. Moreover, both positive and negative current values give the same magnitude.

In the examples, the amount of permanent magnets used was reduced by about 67% as compared with the comparative examples, but the thrust was suppressed to a reduction of about 25% on average as compared with the comparative examples. That is, the ratio of the generated thrust to the amount of permanent magnet used can be improved.

According to this embodiment, even if the amount of permanent magnets used is reduced, the decrease in thrust can be suppressed. Further, by arranging the magnetic poles on the front and rear sides of the mover 2 in the same manner, the thrust waveform when positively energized and the thrust waveform when negatively energized can be made substantially symmetrical with respect to the origin. Therefore, it is more preferable to apply the linear motor 100 of this embodiment to an apparatus in which it is preferable that the thrusts exerted on the front side and the rear side are the same. For example, it is preferable to apply it to a compressor in which fluid compression loads (pistons) having substantially the same compression volume exist on both sides of the mover 2 in the reciprocating direction.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the compressor 1060 having the linear motor 100 of this embodiment. In the compressor 1060, the pistons 1100 and 1160 are connected to the mover 2 in the first direction and the second direction, respectively. Further, cylinders 1200 and 1260 are provided corresponding to the pistons 1100 and 1160. Since the compressor 1060 uses the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 as the magnetic pole on the first direction side and the magnetic pole on the secondmost direction side among the magnetic poles, as described above, the compression of the fluid on any of the pistons 1100 and 1160 can be performed. It can be done almost evenly. The compressed volume formed by the piston 1100 and the cylinder 1200 and the compressed volume formed by the piston 1160 and the cylinder 1260 are substantially the same.

As can be seen from the explanations in Examples 1 and 2, by providing the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 on the side where the load is larger than the center of the magnetic pole, the thrust can be reduced while reducing the amount of permanent magnets used. In particular, it is easy to suppress a decrease in thrust on the side where the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is provided. Thrust can be increased in some embodiments.

As described above, the compressor 1000 of this embodiment has pistons 1100 for compressing the fluid on the first direction side and the second direction side of the mover 2. The magnetic poles on the first direction side and the second direction side from the center of the arrangement of the magnetic poles are the soft magnetic magnetic poles 220.
In this embodiment, particularly when a rare earth magnet is used as the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210, the manufacturing cost of the linear motor 100 can be reduced and the environmental load can be reduced. Further, an elastic body such as a resonance spring (not shown) that expands and contracts according to the reciprocating movement of the mover 2 can be provided.

The configuration of Example 3 can be the same as that of Example 1 or 2 except for the following points.
FIG. 9 is a view of the linear motor 100 and the mover 2 according to the third embodiment as viewed from above. In this embodiment, the mover 2 has a soft magnetic magnetic pole 220a in which thin plates made of a soft magnetic material such as an electromagnetic steel plate are laminated in the front-rear direction as the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220. Lamination can be realized by stacking two or more electromagnetic steel sheets or the like. By laminating the electromagnetic steel sheets in the front-rear direction in this way, an air layer serving as an insulating layer for current is formed, so that eddy current loss generated in the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 can be suppressed.

As shown in FIG. 10, the same effect can be obtained when thin plates made of soft magnetic material are laminated in the left-right direction. That is, it is preferable that the thin plates are laminated in a direction orthogonal to the direction of polarity of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210.

The configuration of Example 4 can be the same as that of Examples 1 to 3 except for the following points.
FIG. 11 is a view of the mover 2 of the linear motor according to the fourth embodiment as viewed from above. The mover 2 of this embodiment has a magnetic pole support portion 200a made of a soft magnetic material as the magnetic pole support portion 200. The magnetic pole support portion 200a extends to a region where a soft magnetic magnetic pole should be provided. That is, the region shown by the broken line in the magnetic pole support portion 200a can be regarded as a virtual soft magnetic magnetic pole 230. As a result, it is not necessary to process and attach the soft magnetic magnetic pole, and the strength of the mover 2 can be improved.

At least a part of the virtual soft magnetic magnetic pole 230 is located in the region facing the magnetic pole teeth 301 in the reciprocating operation of the linear motor when observed from the third direction (in this embodiment, all of them are located). There is.). The front-rear width x of this region is at least longer than the front-rear width y of the ladder-shaped portion located between the other magnetic poles 210 and 220 in the front-rear direction.

The configuration of this embodiment can be the same as that of Examples 1 to 4 except for the following points. FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the linear motor 100 according to the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the left-right direction of the linear motor 100 according to the fifth embodiment.

[Stator 1]
The stator 1 of this embodiment has three armatures 3. A non-magnetic non-magnetic spacer 320 of a non-magnetic material can be arranged between the armature 3 on the frontmost side and / or the rearmost side and the end member 4. By doing so, it is possible to suppress magnetic flux leakage from the armature 3 to the end member 4.

[Thrust applied to the linear motor 100]
In this embodiment, a three-phase current is supplied from an inverter (not shown) to each of the windings 5 of the three armatures 3 to magnetize the magnetic pole teeth 301. As a result, thrust is generated in the front-rear direction due to the interaction between the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 of the mover 2, and the mover 2 moves in the front-rear direction.

FIG. 14 is a view of the mover 2 of this embodiment as viewed from above. In the mover 2 of this embodiment, permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 and soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 magnetized in the same direction are alternately arranged. Specifically, the polarity on the upper side repeats "soft magnetic magnetic pole 220, N pole" from front to back. If the soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 are replaced with S poles, "S poles and N poles" are repeated, and the magnetic poles are arranged in which different polarities are alternately arranged.
As described above, if it is desired to maintain the driving force in one direction while reducing the amount of permanent magnets used, it is preferable to use the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 for the frontmost magnetic pole and the rearmost magnetic pole. Is obtained. Further, if it is desired to have the same thrust in both directions, for example, if the frontmost and rearmost magnetic poles are soft magnetic magnetic poles 220, the amount of permanent magnets used can be effectively reduced. Instead of and / or adding the frontmost or rearmost magnetic pole to the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220, the front side or the second and subsequent magnetic poles may be the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220. Good. Similarly, regarding the arrangement of the magnetic poles of the mover 2, any of the magnetic poles on the front side of the middle magnetic pole may be the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220, or any of the magnetic poles on the rear side of the middle magnetic pole may be the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220. Good. Further, the magnetic pole in the center may be the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220. The thrust characteristic changes depending on which position the magnetic pole is set to the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220.

FIG. 15 is a view of the mover 2 in which all of the magnetic poles are permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 as a comparative example, as viewed from above. In the mover 2 of the comparative example, the polarity of the upper side is multiplied from the front to the back, and "S pole, N pole" is repeated.

FIG. 16 is a thrust waveform when a three-phase alternating current is applied to the coil 5 of the linear motor 100 according to the present embodiment to move the mover 2.
The solid line in FIG. 16 shows the thrust applied to the linear motor 100 of this embodiment, and the broken line shows the thrust applied to the linear motor of the comparative example.
In the examples, the amount of permanent magnets used was reduced by 50% as compared with the comparative examples, and the thrust was suppressed to a decrease of about 30%. That is, the ratio of the generated thrust to the amount of permanent magnet used can be improved.
According to this embodiment, the same effect as that of Examples 1 to 4 can be obtained.

The configuration of this embodiment can be the same as that of Examples 1 to 4 except for the following points. FIG. 17 is a view of the mover 2 of this embodiment as viewed from above. As described above, the arrangement of the magnetic poles is such that when the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 are replaced with the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 magnetized in an appropriate direction, the north pole and the south pole alternate. It's good if they are lined up. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 17, from front to back, "S pole, soft magnetic pole 220, soft magnetic pole 220, N pole, soft magnetic pole 220, soft magnetic pole 220, S pole, soft magnetism". It may be "body magnetic pole 220, S pole, N pole". In this case, if the polarity of the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is replaced with "N pole, S pole, S pole, N pole, N pole" in order from the front, the N pole and the S pole are arranged alternately. .. That is, which of the magnetic poles is the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 can be appropriately designed in consideration of the size, thrust, permanent magnet usage amount, etc. allowed by the device to which the linear motor 100 is applied. Even in this case, the same effect as in Examples 1 to 5 can be obtained.

The arrangement (arrangement) of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 will be supplementarily described with reference to FIG. 27. The one permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the one soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 have the same length dimension in the front-rear direction and are arranged at the same pitch (interval) τ. Assuming that the permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 arranged on both sides of one or more soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 are magnetized in the same direction (the upper surface side is N pole in FIG. 27), between the two permanent magnet magnetic poles 210. An odd number of soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 ((2n-1), n is a natural number) are arranged in, and the distance between the two permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 is an odd multiple of τ ((2n-1)). τ and n are natural numbers). Assuming that the permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 arranged on both sides of one or more soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 are magnetized in different directions (the upper surface side is the north pole and the south pole in FIG. 27), the two permanent magnet magnetic poles are magnetized. An even number (2n, n is a natural number) of soft magnetic magnetic poles 220 are arranged between the 210s, and the distance between the two permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 is an even multiple of τ (2nτ, n is a natural number). become.

The configuration of this embodiment can be the same as that of Examples 1 to 4 except for the following points. FIG. 18 is a view of the mover 2 of this embodiment as viewed from above. As shown in FIG. 18, as the mover 2 composed of two magnetic poles, one of the magnetic poles may be a permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and the other may be a soft magnetic magnetic pole 220.

The configuration of this embodiment can be the same as that of Examples 1 to 7 except for the following points. FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the linear motor 100 according to the eighth embodiment, and FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the linear motor 100 according to the eighth embodiment.
The core 300, the spacer 310, and the end member 4 of this embodiment have convex portions 301 and 311 protruding from the core 300, the spacer 310, and the end member 4, respectively, when viewed in the direction in which the core 300 is arranged (front-back direction). , 401, and fastening holes 330 provided in the convex portions 301, 311, 401. The black arrow indicates the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210, and the broken line arrow indicates the loop of the magnetic flux line in the core 300.

By projecting the convex portion 301 and the fastening hole 330 from the core 300, it is possible to prevent the fastening hole 330 from obstructing the magnetic path in the core 300, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in magnetic flux. Further, by projecting the convex portion 311 from the spacer 310 and projecting the convex portion 401 from the end member 4, the spacer 310 and the end member 4 can be fixed together with the core 300 by a common member. Further, when the spacer 310 is made of a magnetic material, it is possible to suppress obstruction of the magnetic path of the spacer 310.

The protruding mode of the protrusions 301 and 311 can be, for example, a bump shape for each of the core 300 and the spacer 310. Further, around the convex portions 301 and 311, for example, the core 300 provided with the convex portion 301 and the spacer 310 provided with the convex portion 311 on three sides of the upper, lower, right, and left sides in the front-rear direction are respectively. It can be outside the member. As a result, the amount of material used for the core 300 and the spacer 310 can be reduced while securing the magnetic path. Regarding the end member 4, the convex portion 401 projects so as to connect the two fastening holes 330. As a result, the strength of the end member 4 can be improved, and the insertion portion (not shown) such as a bolt inserted through each core 300 and the spacer 310 can be firmly fixed.

The fastening hole 330 provided in each of the core 300, the spacer 310, and the end member 4 penetrates along the direction in which the plurality of cores 300, the spacer 310, and the end member 4 are lined up, and these are fastened side by side. By inserting the insertion portion into the hole 330, the components of the stator 1 can be fixed to each other.

The configuration of this embodiment can be the same as that of Examples 1 to 8 except for the following points. FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a compressor 1070 having a linear motor 100 according to a ninth embodiment.

The compressor 1070 includes a linear motor 100, a piston 1100, a cylinder 1200, a connection portion 1300, and an end member 4. The piston 1100 is connected to the mover 2 by a connecting portion 1300. Therefore, the piston 1100 reciprocates with the reciprocating movement of the mover 2, and the fluid in the cylinder 1200 can be compressed and expanded. The connecting portion 1300 is located outside the end member 4 in the reciprocating direction (front-back direction) of the mover 2. The mover 2 may be provided with an elastic body such as a resonance spring (not shown) that expands and contracts in response to the reciprocating movement of the mover 2, for example, on the side opposite to the connecting portion 1300.

In this embodiment, assuming that the height of the opening of the end member 4 (the dimension in the direction from the mover 2 toward the winding 5; the vertical dimension in this embodiment) is A and the height of the connecting portion 1300 is B. A <B. As a result, even if the mover 2 moves significantly in the rear direction, the connecting portion 1300 does not move in the rearward direction from the end member 4, and the connecting portion 1300 comes into contact with the coil 5 and the magnetic pole teeth 301 and is damaged. Can be suppressed.

The configuration of this embodiment can be the same as that of Examples 1 to 9 except for the following points. FIG. 22 is a top view of the mover 2 according to the tenth embodiment. The mover 2 has three permanent magnet magnetic pole portions 210, of which the front-rear dimension of the frontmost and / or the rearmost end permanent magnet magnetic pole portion 210 is shorter than the front-rear dimension of the other permanent magnet magnetic pole portions 210. Since the end of the mover 2 in the reciprocating direction has a relatively small effect on the thrust, the amount of permanent magnets used can be reduced by such a configuration. The number of permanent magnet magnetic pole portions 210 may be four or more. Further, some magnetic poles may be soft magnetic magnetic pole portions 220. Further, the front-rear distance of each magnetic pole portion can be substantially the same. Further, as the mover 2 having only two magnetic pole portions, one may be a soft magnetic magnetic pole portion 220 and the other may be a permanent magnet magnetic pole portion 210 having a front-rear dimension shorter than the front-rear dimension of the soft magnetic magnetic pole portion 220.

The configuration of this embodiment can be the same as that of Examples 1 to 10 except for the following points. FIG. 23 is a perspective view of the compressor 1000 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 24 is a sectional view of a main part of the compressor 1000. The compressor of this embodiment can be used as a gas compressor for compressing air or a refrigerant, and the resonance spring 400 and the elastic body support member 450 provided on one side of the armature 3 with respect to the reciprocating direction of the mover 2. It has a piston 1100, a cylinder 1200, a solenoid valve 1400A, 1400B, an exhaust valve 1500, a dryer 1600, and an inverter 1700 provided on the other side of the armature 3.

In this embodiment, similarly to the compressor 1000 described with reference to FIG. 5, the pushing direction of the piston 1100 will be the forward direction, and the pulling direction of the piston 1100 will be the rear direction.

In the compressor 1000 of this embodiment, the drive motor of the piston 1100 is composed of a linear motor, and the mover 2 has a flat plate shape (flat plate shape). Further, the mover 2 projects further rearward from the rear end portion of the end member 4.

A casing 1800 for accommodating an armature 3, a resonance spring 400, and an elastic body support portion 450 is attached to the cylinder 1200. In this embodiment, the end member 4 is used as the front surface of the casing 1800, but a member constituting the front surface of the casing 1800 may be provided on the front side of the end member 4. That is, instead of using the end member 4 as the front member of the casing 1800, a front member may be provided separately from the end member 4.

The casing 1800 is composed of a tubular side surface (side surface member) 1810 and a rear surface (rear surface member, bottom surface member) 1820 as separate bodies, and the bottom surface 1820 is based on the cylinder 1200 by an insertion portion 1830 extending in the front-rear direction. It is fixed via a plate 1900. As a result, the side surface 1810 is sandwiched between the rear surface 1820 and the cylinder 1200.

The electrode 465 projects from the casing 1800 side toward the front. The electrode 465 has an elongated rod shape, and the extraction end of the winding 5 is electrically connected to one end thereof. The other end of the electrode 465 is inserted into the inverter 1700 through a through hole (not shown) formed in the base plate 1900 and is electrically connected to the internal inverter circuit.

The base plate 1900 is provided with a gas suction / discharge port 1910. Further, two solenoid valves 1400A and 1400B are attached to the base 1900, and two through holes (gas passages) 1920a and 1920b through which gas flows are provided corresponding to the respective solenoid valves 1400A and 1400B. The solenoid valves 1400A and 1400B are three-way valves and form a gas intake / discharge valve. When one solenoid valve 1400A is in the suction state, the other solenoid valve 1400B is in the discharge state. On the other hand, the solenoid valve 1400A allows the gas sucked from the suction / discharge port 1910 in the suction state to flow into the casing 1800 through the through hole 1920a. At this time, the other solenoid valve 1400B is in the discharge state and blocks the flow of gas through the through hole 1920b.

The gas that has flowed into the casing 1800 through the solenoid valve 1400A flows through the gap between the mover 2 and the end member 4 and the base plate 1900, flows inside the cylinder 1200, and flows to the dryer 1600 through the cylinder 1200. For this purpose, a suction valve (not shown) for taking in gas inside the cylinder 1200 is provided on the top surface of the piston 1100 (the surface facing the inside of the cylinder 1200), and gas is discharged from the inside of the cylinder 1200. A discharge valve (not shown) is provided on the cylinder head 1200A. Further, the gas is discharged from the dryer 1600 through the other solenoid valve 1400b. When the suction and discharge states of the solenoid valve 1400A and the solenoid valve 1400B are switched, the gas flow follows the reverse of the above-mentioned path. The cylinder 1200 compresses the inflowing gas as needed. On the side of the base plate 1900 where the through hole 1920b is provided, a suction / discharge port (not shown) is provided at a position corresponding to the suction / discharge port 1910.

A dryer 1600 is attached to the cylinder head 1200A of the cylinder 1200 in a state of being able to communicate with the inside of the cylinder 1200.

The configuration of the resonance spring 400 and the elastic body support member 450 will be described.

The elastic body support member 450 is a member that mechanically connects one side of the resonance spring 400 in the front-rear direction to the mover 2. A plurality of resonance springs 400 (four in this embodiment, preferably an even number) are provided, and the resonance springs 400 are arranged so that the direction of expansion or compression is along the front-rear direction. The elastic body support member 450 is attached to the mover 2 so that the elastic body support portion 450A is located on either the front side or the rear side of each of the plurality of resonance springs 400. Approximately half or half of the resonance spring 400 is supported by the elastic body support portion 450A at the front end, and approximately half or half is supported by the elastic body support portion 450A at the rear end. In this embodiment, the resonance spring 400 is composed of a coil spring.

FIG. 24B shows the appearance of the elastic body support member 450, and FIG. 24C shows the attachment state of the elastic body support member 450 and the resonance spring 400B to the mover 2. Note that FIG. 24C shows a state seen from the rear side of the elastic body support member 450 and the resonance spring 400B.

The elastic body support member 450 is integrally formed with elastic body support portions 450A1 and 450A2 that support one end of the resonance spring 400 and a fixing portion 450B that fixes the elastic body support member 450 to the mover 2. The fixing portion 450B is extended along the front-rear direction (moving direction of the mover 2), and is in contact with the protruding portion of the mover 2 protruding rearward from the end member 4, and is in contact with two sets of bolts and nuts 460. Is fastened and fixed by. For this purpose, the fixing portion 450B is provided with two through holes 453 through which bolts are passed. The elastic body support portion 450A1 is provided at one end of the fixed portion 450B in the front-rear direction, and the elastic body support portion 450A2 is provided at the other end of the fixed portion 450B in the front-rear direction. The elastic body support portions 450A1 and 450A2 are provided so as to project from both ends of the fixed portion 450B in a direction intersecting the extending direction (front-back direction) of the fixed portion 450B (vertical direction in this embodiment). There is. In other words, the elastic body support portions 450A1 and 450A2 project from both ends of the fixing portion 450B in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the mover 2 forming a flat plate and in a direction away from the plate surface of the mover 2. It is provided in.

The first resonance spring 400A (400) whose rear end is supported by the elastic body support portion 450A1 has the other end supported by the end member 4. The second resonant spring 400B (400), whose front end is supported by the elastic body support 450A2, has its other end supported by the bottom surface 1820 of the casing 1800.

The elastic body support portion 450A1 has an annular protruding portion 451 having a circular outer peripheral surface into which the resonance spring 400A is fitted. The elastic body support portion 450A2 has an annular protruding portion 452 having a circular outer peripheral surface into which the resonance spring 400B is fitted. The projecting portion 451 constrains the radial position of the resonance spring 400A, and the projecting portion 452 constrains the radial position of the resonance spring 400B. The center line formed by the projecting portion 451 passing through the circular center O400A and the center line formed by the projecting portion 452 passing through the circular center O400B have an interval L450 in the direction along the plate surface of the mover 2. This interval L450 is set to a size such that the resonance spring 400A and the resonance spring 400B do not interfere with each other when the resonance spring 400A and the resonance spring 400B are assembled to the elastic body support member 450.

In the cross section S1 perpendicular to the plate surface of the mover 2 through the circular center O400A formed by the projecting portion 451, the elastic body support portion 450A1 and the fixing portion 450B form an L-shape in the elastic body support member 450. ing. Further, in the cross section S2 perpendicular to the plate surface of the mover 2 through the circular center O400B formed by the projecting portion 452, the elastic body support member 450 has an L-shaped shape in which the elastic body support portion 450A2 and the fixing portion 450B are L-shaped. It is made up.

The plurality of resonance springs 400 are separately arranged on both sides of the mover 2 protruding rearward from the armature 3. Specifically, the resonance spring 400 is arranged on both sides of the mover 2 in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface (magnetic pole surface) of the mover 2 with the mover 2 as a boundary. In this case, at least one of the first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B are arranged on both sides of the mover 2. In this embodiment, the first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B are arranged one by one on one side of the mover 2, and are movable when viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the front-rear direction. The first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction R2A centered on the central axis 2A of the child 2. The central axis 2A is an axis along the front-rear direction, and is an axis passing through the center of the mover 2 in the vertical direction and the center in the horizontal direction.

In this embodiment, the elastic body support member 450 supports the elastic body support portion 450A1 that supports the rear end portion of the first resonance spring 400A and the elastic body support portion that supports the front end portion of the second resonance spring 400B. The portion 450A2 is integrally formed. The two elastic body support members 450 assembled on both sides of the mover 2 have the same specifications and the same shape. When the elastic body support portion 450A1 that supports the first resonance spring 400A in the elastic body support member 450 arranged on the left side of the mover 2 in FIG. 24C is arranged on the right side of the mover 2 in FIG. 24C, the first is It is used as an elastic body support portion 450A2 that supports the resonance spring 400B of 2. Further, in the case where the elastic body support portion 450A2 that supports the second resonance spring 400B in the elastic body support member 450 arranged on the left side of the mover 2 in FIG. 24C is arranged on the right side of the mover 2 in FIG. 24C. , It is used as an elastic body support portion 450A1 that supports the first resonance spring 400A. That is, the elastic body support portion 450A1 and the elastic body support portion 450A2 are interchanged depending on whether the mover 2 is arranged on the left side or the right side.

In this embodiment, the elastic body support member 450 shares the same specifications and the same shape on both sides of the mover 2 by changing the mounting direction with respect to the mover 2. As a result, when viewed on the plan view of FIG. 24C, the resonance spring 400A and the resonance spring 400B are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the center (projection point of the central axis 2A) 2A. Further, in this embodiment, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by standardizing the parts and reducing the types of parts.

The elastic body support member 450 for the first resonance spring 400A and the elastic body support member 450 for the second resonance spring 400B, which are arranged on both sides of the mover 2 as a boundary, are in the direction along the respective central axis 2A. Both ends are attached to the mover 2 so that the positions of both ends are the same in the direction along the central axis 2A. The two elastic body support members 450 are fastened by a bolt inserted into the through hole 453 and a nut screwed into the bolt, and are fixed to the mover 2. By fixing the two elastic body support members 450 to the front surface and the back surface of the mover 2 on the flat plate, the change in the relative positions of the two elastic body support members 450 is suppressed, and the stable piston 1100 A drive mechanism can be configured. As the fixing member for fixing the two elastic body support members 450 to the mover 2, a caulking pin may be used instead of the bolt and the nut 460.

Further, in this embodiment, the first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B have the same specifications and shapes, and further, the elastic body support portion 450A1 of the elastic body support member 450 that supports the first resonance spring 400A. It is preferable that the gap dimension L400A between the bottom surface 1820 and the gap dimension L400B between the elastic body support portion 450A2 and the end member 4 of the elastic body support member 450 that supports the second resonance spring 400B have the same dimensions. .. As a result, a resonance mechanism having good resonance characteristics can be configured with a simple structure, and a continuous reciprocating motion of the piston 1100 can be realized.

FIG. 24D schematically shows the arrangement of the first resonance spring 400A, the second resonance spring 400B, and the mover 2. Note that FIG. 24D is a view seen from the same direction as in FIG. 24C. Further, reference numeral 400Aa indicates the position of one end of the resonance spring 400A, and reference numeral 400Ba indicates the position of one end of the resonance spring 400B.

When the first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B are projected onto the plate surface of the mover 2 from the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the mover 2 as shown by the dotted line, the first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B The resonance spring 400B is configured so that its projection is present in the plate surface of the mover 2. As a result, the first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B can be compactly arranged, and the size of the compressor (particularly its drive motor portion) in the direction perpendicular to the central axis 2A can be reduced. it can.

Further, in this embodiment, the two first resonance springs 400A that "shrink more" at the top dead center of the piston 1100 and the two second resonance springs 400B that "shrink more" at the bottom dead center are obliquely opposite (center). It is arranged (point symmetric with respect to 2A (projection point of the central axis 2A)). In the resonance spring 400, the two first resonance springs 400A arranged diagonally opposite each other are in the same expansion / contraction state, and the two second resonance springs 400B arranged diagonally opposite are in the same expansion / contraction state. As a result, it is possible to prevent the elastic body support member 450 from being subjected to a moment.

The phases of the resonance springs 400A and 400B (the angles of one ends 400Aa and 400Ba of the resonance springs 400A and 400B in the axial direction) are configured to differ by 180 degrees between the diagonally opposite resonance springs. That is, the phases of the two first resonance springs 400A arranged diagonally opposite to each other (the angle of one end 400Aa of the two resonance springs 400A in the axial direction) differ by 180 degrees. In other words, the vector 400Ac starting from the center of the spring 400A and ending at the end 400Aa of the spring 400A is 180 degrees out of phase with the two first resonant springs 400A. Further, the phases of the two second resonance springs 400B arranged diagonally opposite to each other (the angle of one end 400Ba of the two resonance springs 400B in the axial direction) are different by 180 degrees. That is, the vectors 400Bc having the center of the spring 400B as the starting point and the end portion 400Ba of the spring as the ending point are 180 degrees out of phase with each other in the two second resonant springs 400B.

The resonance springs 400A and 400B as coil springs are not necessarily parallel to the axial direction in the vibration direction, and are displaced according to the phase relationship of the ends and the like. By providing the two first resonance springs 400A having the same expansion and contraction diagonally and the two second resonance springs 400B having the same expansion and contraction diagonally, the phase of the deviation in the vibration direction is approximately 180 °. By making them different, the lateral vibration of the mover 2 connected to the resonance springs 400A and 400B (vibration in the direction perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the mover) can be offset and reduced.

Further, the phases of the adjacent first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B are configured to be different by 90 °.
In this case, two vectors 400Ac having the center of the first resonance spring 400A as the start point and the end portion 400Aa of the first resonance spring as the end point, and the center of the second resonance spring 400B as the start point, and the second The sum of the two vectors 400Bc having the end 400Ba of the resonance spring as the end point is zero. As described above, since the phases of the adjacent first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B are different by 90 °, the directions of the lateral vibrations of the two are orthogonal to each other, so that the amplification of the lateral vibration can be suppressed. This can also be expected to reduce lateral vibration. The above-mentioned vector may have a sum of zero for all the provided resonance springs. That is, the number of resonant springs is not limited to four.

FIG. 24E shows the positional relationship between the inverter 1700, the exhaust valve 1500, the solenoid valves 1400A and 1400B, and the cylinder 1200 as viewed from the base plate 1900 side.

Two solenoid valves 1400A and 1400B are dispersedly arranged on both sides of the cylinder 1200 in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the mover 2. The exhaust valve 1500 is arranged on one side of the cylinder 1200 in the direction along the plate surface of the mover 2, and the inverter 1700 is arranged on the side opposite to the side where the exhaust valve 1500 is arranged with respect to the cylinder 1200. There is. With such an arrangement, the solenoid valves 1400A, 1400B and the exhaust valve 1500 can be arranged around the cylinder 1200, and the inverter 1700 is efficiently arranged in the remaining space where the solenoid valves 1400A, 1400B and the exhaust valve 1500 are arranged. be able to. As a result, a compact compressor can be constructed.

Further, by disperse the two solenoid valves 1400A and 1400B on both sides of the mover 2 in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the mover 2, the through holes 1920a communicating with the two solenoid valves 1400A and 1400B are arranged. , 1920b can be arranged through holes 1920a and 1920b while avoiding interference between the 1920b and the mover 2. Further, since the extraction end of the winding 5 is electrically connected and the electrode 465 is provided at a position perpendicular to the plate surface of the mover 2 and separated from the plate surface of the mover 2, the electrode 465 The electrode 465 can be arranged while avoiding interference with the mover 2.

Further, in the present embodiment, the inverter 1700 is provided at a position where it overlaps a part or all of the solenoid valve 1400, the exhaust valve 1500, and the dryer 1600 in a top view.

Conventionally, a frame unit elastically supported inside a closed container, a reciprocating motor fixed to the frame unit, a piston coupled to an armature (composing a mover) of the reciprocating motor, and a piston thereof. Includes a compression unit consisting of a cylinder that is slidably inserted and fixed to the frame unit, and a compression coil spring that is supported by an armature or a spring support on the piston to induce reciprocating motion of the piston. A reciprocating compressor constructed is known. In this reciprocating compressor, the spring support extends outward from the peripheral edge of the main body, which is coupled to the joint between the armature and the piston, and bends in one side of the main body. A plurality of integrally formed front support portions and a plurality of rear portions extending from the edge of the main body and integrally formed so as to be arranged between the front support portions and have the same plane as the main body. It is provided with a support portion. As springs, a plurality of front springs connected to each end of the front support so as to extend in the direction opposite to the bending direction of the front support and arranged at equal intervals around the center of the main body, and a front spring. A plurality of rear springs, which are connected to each tip of the rear support portion at one end thereof and arranged at equal intervals around the center of the main body, are provided at one end thereof so as to extend in the opposite direction to the front spring and the rear spring. Has sections that overlap each other at a portion adjacent to the end coupled to the front support and the rear support.

In a conventional reciprocating compressor, the armature has a cylindrical shape, and the front spring and the rear spring are arranged radially outward of the armature, so that the outer diameter of the reciprocating motor constituting the compressor is large. Tended to increase.

In the compressor of this embodiment, the first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B can be compactly arranged on both sides of the flat plate-shaped mover 2, and the first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B can be compactly arranged in a direction perpendicular to the central axis 2A. The size of the compressor (particularly its drive motor unit) can be reduced. On the other hand, in this embodiment, by using the linear motor, the dimension in the direction along the central axis 2A (moving direction of the mover 2) tends to be large. In this embodiment, the first resonance spring 400A and the second resonance spring 400B are arranged on both sides of the mover 2 forming a flat plate, and the two resonance springs 400 overlap in the direction along the central axis 2A. Since it is provided in, it is possible to suppress an increase in the dimension in the direction along the central axis 2A. Therefore, in this embodiment, a compact compressor using a linear motor can be configured.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned effect which is superior to the conventional reciprocating compressor can be obtained.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the configuration of the refrigerator according to the twelfth embodiment. The refrigerator 2001 is provided with a left-right split refrigerating room door 2002a on the front side of the refrigerating room 2002, and is located on the front side of the ice making room 2003, the upper freezing room 2004, the lower freezing room 2005, and the vegetable room 2006. Each is provided with a pull-out type ice making room door 2003a, an upper freezer door 2004a, a lower freezer door 2005a, and a vegetable room door 2006a.

A machine room 2020 is provided on the back side of the vegetable room 2006, and a compressor 2020 is arranged in the machine room 2020. Further, an evaporator chamber 2008 is provided on the back side of the ice making chamber 2003, the upper freezing chamber 2004, and the lower freezing chamber 2005, and an evaporator 2007 is provided in the evaporator chamber 2008. In the refrigerator 2001, in addition to the compressor 2024 and the evaporator 2007, a radiator (not shown), a capillary tube and a three-way valve which are decompression means are connected by a refrigerant pipe, and a refrigeration cycle 2030 is formed.

In this embodiment, the linear motor 100 of any of the above-described embodiments is adopted as the compressor 2024 constituting the refrigerating cycle 2030 of the refrigerator 2001. For example, the compressors 1060 and 1000 of Examples 9 and 11 may be adopted as the compressor 2024. As a result, the amount of the hard magnetic material used can be suppressed, and the size of the compressor 2024 constituting the refrigeration cycle 2030 can be suppressed. Then, it becomes possible to secure a large space for the refrigerator compartment and the freezer compartment, and it becomes possible to provide a large-capacity refrigerator without increasing the external dimensions.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle air suspension according to a thirteenth embodiment. In this embodiment, a case where a vehicle air suspension is mounted on a vehicle such as a four-wheeled vehicle will be described as an example.

The vehicle body 3002 constitutes the body of the vehicle 3001. On the lower side of the vehicle body 3002, a total of four wheels 3003 including left and right front wheels and left and right rear wheels are provided. The air suspension 3004 includes four air springs 3005 provided between the vehicle body 3002 and each wheel 3003, an air compressor 3006, a valve unit 3008, and a controller 3011. Then, the air suspension 3004 adjusts the vehicle height by supplying and discharging compressed air from the air compressor 3006 to each air spring 3005.

In this embodiment, the linear motor 100 of any of the above-described embodiments is adopted as the drive motor of the air compressor 3006. For example, the compressors 1060 and 1000 of Examples 9 and 11 may be adopted as the air compressor 3006. The air compressor 3006 is connected to the valve unit 3008 through a supply / exhaust pipe line (piping) 3007. The valve unit 3008 is provided with four supply / discharge valves 3008a made of solenoid valves, which are provided for each wheel 3003. A branch pipeline (piping) 3009 is provided between the valve unit 3008 and the air spring 3005 of each wheel 3003. The air spring 3005 is connected to the air compressor 3006 via the branch line 3009, the valve 3008a, and the supply / discharge line 3007. Then, the valve unit 3008 opens and closes the supply / discharge valve 3008a in response to a signal from the controller 3011 to supply / discharge compressed air to each air spring 3005 and adjust the vehicle height.

In this embodiment, the amount of the hard magnetic material used in the air compressor 3006 can be suppressed, and the size of the air compressor 3006 constituting the air suspension 3004 can be suppressed. Then, the mounting space of the air compressor 3006 in the vehicle 3001 can be reduced, and the degree of freedom in arranging the air compressor 3006 is increased.

[Other aspects]
In each embodiment, a magnet moving type in which the armature 3 is fixed and the mover 2 (field magnet) moves is illustrated, but a coil in which the mover 2 (field magnet) is fixed and the armature 3 is moved is illustrated. It may be a moving type. Further, regarding the arrangement of the magnetic poles, by appropriately replacing the soft magnetic magnetic pole portion 220 with the permanent magnet magnetic pole portion 210, the polar arrangement does not necessarily have to be completely alternated, and the polar arrangements are partially disturbed and not alternating. Can also produce the effects described above. That is, a part of the magnetic poles may be formed of the soft magnetic magnetic pole portion 220, and preferably, the polarities are arranged so as to be arranged alternately by substitution. That is, the present application includes the following technical ideas.

With an armature
A field magnet capable of reciprocating relative to the armature in the first direction and the second direction opposite to the first direction.
A compressor including a piston that compresses a fluid in response to the reciprocating motion.
The field magnet has two or more or three or more magnetic poles aligned in the first direction.
A part of the magnetic pole is a hard magnetic part, and the rest is a soft magnetic part.
A compressor in which a part or all of the magnetic poles on the first direction side and / or the second direction side from the center of the arrangement of the magnetic poles is the soft magnetic portion.

Further, instead of providing the magnetic pole teeth 301 in each of the vertical directions of the mover 2, the mover 2 may be provided on one side in the vertical direction. In this case, one end of the arm portion 302 can come into contact with the floor surface of the soft magnetic material to support the core 300.
Further, the magnetic pole teeth 301 and the arm portion 302 may be formed by laminating amorphous metal, or may be formed of a dust core. When an amorphous metal is used, it has an effect of reducing iron loss generated in the magnetic pole teeth 301 and the arm portion 302, and when a dust core is used, it can be three-dimensionally formed in an arbitrary shape.

Further, the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 may be composed of a rare earth magnet such as a neodymium magnet, or a permanent magnet made of another material such as a ferrite magnet may be used.

The soft magnetic magnetic pole 220 is a magnetic pole forming portion in which a magnetic pole is formed under the influence of a magnetic field (magnetic flux) generated by a permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 and a stator magnetic pole. Then, when the permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 arranged on both sides of one or a plurality of soft magnetic magnetic poles (magnetic pole forming portions) 220 arranged one by one or continuously are magnetized in the same direction, the field magnets are the two permanent magnets. Between the magnet magnetic poles 210, an odd number of soft magnetic magnetic poles (magnetic pole forming portions) 220 equal to the length dimension of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 in the first direction are configured to have a length dimension that can be arranged. Further, in the field magnet, when the permanent magnet magnetic poles 210 arranged on both sides of one or a plurality of soft magnetic magnetic poles (magnetic pole forming portions) 220 arranged one by one or continuously are magnetized in different directions (opposite directions). Between the two permanent magnet magnetic poles 210, an even number of soft magnetic magnetic poles (magnetic pole forming portions) 220 equal to the length dimension of the permanent magnet magnetic pole 210 in the first direction can be arranged. ..

The present invention can be applied to various devices that move the stator 1 and the mover 2 relative to each other, in addition to a motor (linear motor) and a compressor. For example, the same effect can be obtained by using it in a generator, a compressor, an electromagnetic suspension, a positioning device, or the like.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to the one including all the configurations. Further, it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment, and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add / delete / replace a part of the configuration of each embodiment with another configuration.

1 ... Stator 2 ... Movable element (field magnet)
200, 200a ... Magnetic pole support 210 ... Permanent magnet magnetic pole 220, 220a ... Soft magnetic magnetic pole 230 ... Virtual soft magnetic magnetic pole 3 ... Armature 300 ... Core 301 ... Magnetic pole tooth 302 ... Arm 310 ... Spacer 400 ... Resonant spring 450 ... Elastic body support member 4 ... End member 5 ... Winding 100 ... Linear motor 1000 ... Compressor 1100 ... Piston 1200 ... Cylinder 1300 ... Connection 1400 ... Electromagnetic valve 1500 ... Exhaust valve 1600 ... Dryer 1700 ... Inverter 1800 ... Casing 1810 ... Side 1820 ... Rear 1830 ... Insertion 2001 ... Refrigerator 2020 ... Machine room 2020 ... Compressor 2030 ... Refrigeration cycle 3001 ... Vehicle 3002 ... Body 3003 ... Wheels 3004 ... Air suspension 3005 ... Air spring 3006 ... Air compressor 3008 ... Valve unit 3011 ... Controller

Claims (10)

With an armature
A field magnet capable of reciprocating relative to the armature in the first direction and the second direction opposite to the first direction.
Comprising a first piston for compressing the flow body, and
Among said field element and the armature, one constitutes a stator and the other constitutes a movable element, the compressor of the first piston you reciprocate with the reciprocation of the mover And
The field magnet has two or more or three or more magnetic poles aligned in the first direction.
A part of the magnetic pole is a hard magnetic part, and the rest is a soft magnetic part.
A part or all of the hard magnetic part has an N pole in a third direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, and the rest has an S pole in the third direction.
The hard magnetic part and the soft magnetic part are arranged so that the arrangement of the magnetic poles can be replaced with a mode in which the north pole and the south pole are alternately arranged in the third direction.
Of arrangement of the magnetic pole, some or all of the first direction side of the pole from the middle pole of the soft magnetic portion der is, and most first direction is the soft portion,
The first piston, the compressor characterized by Rukoto connected to the movable element provided on the first direction side with respect to the movable element. The armature compressor according to claim 1, characterized that you have the magnetic pole teeth provided in the third direction with respect to the field element. The mover is composed of the field magnet.
A connecting portion connecting the first piston and the field magnet,
It has an end member located between the magnetic pole tooth and the connecting portion , and has.
It said end member has an empty gap dimension A in the third direction,
The compressor according to claim 2 , wherein the relationship of A <B is established, where B is the dimension of the connecting portion in the third direction. It has a second piston provided on the second direction side and has a second piston.
The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the compression volume of the first piston is larger than the compression volume of the second piston. Substantially all of the arrangement of the magnetic poles is such that the center of gravity of the hard magnetic part and the center of gravity of the soft magnetic part are arranged at substantially constant intervals.
The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein substantially all the shapes of the hard magnetic part and the soft magnetic part are substantially the same as each other. The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein substantially all of the arrangement of the magnetic poles is such that the hard magnetic part and the soft magnetic part are arranged alternately. The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a part or all of the soft magnetic part has an insulating layer. The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the compressor has a magnetic pole support portion of a non-magnetic material that supports a part or all of the magnetic poles. It has a magnetic pole support portion of a soft magnetic material that supports a part or all of the magnetic poles.
The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the magnetic pole support portion extends to a region where the soft magnetic portion should be located. The armature has a total of two or more cores and / or spacers arranged in the first direction or the second direction.
The core and / or the spacer has a convex portion protruding from the core and / or the spacer when observed from the first direction or the second direction, respectively.
Wherein each core and / or the convex portion of the spacer, the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it has an insertion portion which bolt Ru is inserted.

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