JP6742830B2 - 傾斜曝気と混合自動回復を備える海水プラント - Google Patents
傾斜曝気と混合自動回復を備える海水プラント Download PDFInfo
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- JP6742830B2 JP6742830B2 JP2016117551A JP2016117551A JP6742830B2 JP 6742830 B2 JP6742830 B2 JP 6742830B2 JP 2016117551 A JP2016117551 A JP 2016117551A JP 2016117551 A JP2016117551 A JP 2016117551A JP 6742830 B2 JP6742830 B2 JP 6742830B2
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims description 342
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 title claims description 60
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 85
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 26
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 19
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- -1 bisulfite ions Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 108010027912 Sulfite Oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000043440 Sulfite oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYTYSMSQNNBZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt copper Chemical compound [Co].[Cu] RYTYSMSQNNBZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
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Description
重亜硫酸イオンHSO3 -は、排海水ESのpH値に依存して、以下の平衡反応に従って解離してさらに亜硫酸イオンSO3 2-を発生させることができる。
したがって、排海水ESは、二酸化硫黄を吸収した結果、吸収反応で生成された水素イオンH+の影響によって海46からの新鮮な海水FSよりも低いpH値を有するとともに、重亜硫酸イオンHSO3 -及び/又は亜硫酸イオンSO3 2-を含むことになる。重亜硫酸イオン及び/又は亜硫酸イオンは酸素要求物質であり、海46への放出が規制されている。
重亜硫酸イオンHSO3 -及び/又は亜硫酸イオンSO3 2-は、以下の反応に従って、溶存酸素と反応して少なくとも一部が酸化される。
SO3 2-+2H++1/2O2(aq)→SO4 2-+2H+ [式1.2c]
したがって、二酸化硫黄の吸収と亜硫酸塩の酸化の結果として、排海水ES中に水素イオンH+が生成される。混合排海水MSは炭酸カルシウムCaCO3を含んでおり、炭酸カルシウムはアルカリとして機能して水素イオンH+と反応し、水素イオンH+を中和させる。中和は以下の化学反応スキームに従って生じ得る。中和反応の第1の段階では、炭酸イオンCO3 2-が1個の水素イオンと反応し、重炭酸イオンHCO3 -を生じる。
生じた重炭酸イオンHCO3 -は、その後さらに水素イオンH+と反応して溶存状態の二酸化炭素CO2を発生させることができる。
最終的に、溶存二酸化炭素CO2(aq)は気体状で大気に放出される。
中和反応のすべて[式2.1〜式2.3]が平衡反応である。そのことは、炭酸イオンCO3 2-から気体状の二酸化炭素CO2までの全ルートが最も緩慢な段階によって速度制限されることを意味する。上記の中和反応のうち、式2.1が最も速く、式2.2が最も緩慢である。したがって、通常、式2.2が、水素イオンが排海水処理システム52において中和され、海46への再放出に適したpHと溶存酸素濃度を有する中和排海水NSが製造される速度を決定することになる。
1)COD(化学的酸素要求量)としばしば称される酸素消費物質量が十分に少ないこと。
2)酸素量が十分に多いこと。
3)pH値が適切であること。
Claims (15)
- 二酸化硫黄を含む処理ガスを海水と接触させて二酸化硫黄を処理ガスから除去する際に生成された排海水を処理する方法であって、
排海水処理システム内に下流方向の流れを形成するために新鮮な海水を槽に供給する工程と、
新鮮な海水の流れの中に排海水の流れを形成するために、槽の傾斜底部に上流側で隣接する槽の平底部の位置から槽に対して排海水を供給する工程と、
酸化剤を排海水の流れに対して直角に接触させるように槽の傾斜底部から噴射する工程と、
新鮮な海水、排海水及び酸化剤を第1の堰を越えて第1の池に流す工程と、
新鮮な海水、排海水及び酸化剤を環境への放出前に第2の堰を越えて第2の池に流す工程と
を含む、方法。 - 排海水が、平底部の内部、表面又は隣接位置に水平に配置され、新鮮な海水の流れに対して垂直な排海水分配管から槽に対して供給される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 酸化剤が空気、酸素及び酸素源からなる群から選択された1つ以上の要素である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 傾斜底部の上方において、新鮮な海水、排海水及び酸化剤が混合する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 新鮮な海水、排海水及び酸化剤が第1及び第2の堰を越えて第1及び第2の池に流入することで、脱炭酸によるpH回復と酸素供給が施され、環境放出用の中和排海水が製造される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 槽、第1の池及び第2の池のうちの1つ以上に、排海水の処理を制御するために使用される1つ以上の水質センサーが配置される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 制御装置が、槽、第1の池及び第2の池のうちの1つ以上に配置された1つ以上の水質センサーから信号を受け取り、受け取った信号に基づいて、排海水の処理を制御する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 処理ガスを海水と接触させて処理ガスから二酸化硫黄を除去する湿式スクラッバーで生成された排海水を処理する排海水処理システムであって、
傾斜底部を有する領域に上流側で隣接する平底部を有する領域を備える槽と、
前記槽内に下流方向の流れを形成するために、槽の上流端から平底部を有する領域に新鮮な海水を供給する未使用海水供給源と、
新鮮な海水の下流方向の流れの中に排海水の上向きの流れを形成するために、傾斜底部に上流側で隣接する平底部の位置に配置された排海水供給源と、
酸化剤を排海水の流れに対して直角に接触させるために噴射するよう傾斜底部に配置された酸化剤供給源と、
傾斜底部の下流側に設けられ、新鮮な海水、排海水及び酸化剤を第1の池に滝状に流入させる第1の堰と、
第1の池の下流側に設けられ、新鮮な海水、排海水及び酸化剤を環境への放出前に第2の池に滝(118)状に流入させる第2の堰と
を備える、排海水処理システム。 - 排海水供給源が、平底部の内部、表面又は隣接位置に水平に配置された、新鮮な海水の流れに対して垂直な排海水分配管である、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 酸化剤が空気、酸素及び酸素源からなる群から選択された1つ以上の要素である、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 酸化剤供給源が、傾斜底部の内部、表面又は隣接位置に水平に配置され、新鮮な海水の流れに対して垂直に延びる1本以上の曝気管である、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 新鮮な海水、排海水及び酸化剤の第1及び第2の池への滝状の流れにより、流れに対して脱炭酸によるpH回復と酸素供給が施され、環境放出用の中和排海水が製造される、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 槽、第1の池及び第2の池のうちの1つ以上に、排海水の処理を制御するために使用される1つ以上の水質センサーが配置されている、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 制御装置が、槽、第1の池及び第2の池のうちの1つ以上に配置された1つ以上の水質センサーから信号を受け取り、受け取った信号に基づいて、排海水処理のパラメータの1つ以上を制御する、請求項8に記載のシステム。
- 酸化剤供給源が、それぞれ間隔を置いて平行に配置され、新鮮な海水の流れに対して垂直に延び、傾斜底部を占める複数本の曝気管からなる系である、請求項8に記載のシステム。
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