JP6622336B2 - Method and apparatus for modifying silk thread - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a modified silk thread, a silk thread reforming method, and a reforming apparatus thereof in which long fibers and short fibers are hardly fibrillated and fluffed even when repeatedly subjected to friction.

  A silk thread made of fibroin, a refined protein, is a silk raw silk composed of long fibers drawn from the silkworms without breaks, and cuts the silk fibers and waste silkworms or the long fibers that are produced when silk is produced. There are silk spinnings composed of short fibers, and not only silk spinning, but also silk yarn has fluff. Silk yarns with fluff, etc. cannot be woven without passing through the weaving machines and folds of a loom only by applying a paste to impart convergence. The fluff and the like are removed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below). The gas-fired yarn, which has been provided with convergence by the paste and from which the fluff and the like have been removed by gas-fired, can pass smoothly through the looms and folds of the loom and can be woven.

JP-A-8-60479

Silk products such as silk fabric obtained by weaving conventional gas fired yarn initially show excellent luster and touch, but the whitening phenomenon in which the surface of a given area gradually becomes whitish as clothing and washing continue. Is likely to occur. This whitening phenomenon is considered to occur when long fibers and short fibers constituting the silk thread at a predetermined location of the silk product are repeatedly rubbed and fibrillated by repeated friction from the silk product, such as clothing and washing. For this reason, special care is required for handling silk products during clothing and washing, which is cumbersome.
Therefore, modifying the method of silk be repeated subjected to friction from clothing or washing or the like at a predetermined position of the products, silk yarn have long fibers and short fibers of silk constituting the predetermined portion is difficulty fibrillated-fluff of silk, etc. And a reformer for the same.

Wherein the object of the present onset bright has been made to solve the, even under repeated friction, silk yarn hardly fibrillated-fluff reduction is composed of long fibers and / or short fibers made of fibroin being refined, sizing agent is a decrease rate for silk yarn uncoated a 2-3% gas grilled yarn by weight, even of a is the order to obtain the reformed silk that has a surface and / or cleaning surfaces ironing .

The silk thread modification method according to the present invention, which can obtain such a silk thread and can solve the above-mentioned problems, is composed of long fibers and / or short fibers composed of scoured fibroin , and no paste is applied. the silk yarn, the gas-combustion yarn reduction rate is subjected to gas-combustion so that 2 to 3% by weight, a cleaning cloth made of woven fabric or non-woven fabric, or the cleaning cloth Is slidably brought into contact with the ironing member and / or the cleaning member, which is affixed to the surface of the roller or pin, and the ironing and / or cleaning treatment is performed to remove the fired product adhering to the surface of the gas firing yarn. It is characterized by this.

In this silk yarn modification method, a uniform and converged silk yarn can be obtained by supplying a silk yarn that is twisted in the gas firing and / or twisting the gas firing yarn .

This silk thread modification method is preferable because the gas firing can be effectively performed on the silk thread by running the gas firing inside the gas burner and / or in the combustion flame. This silk thread modification method includes, for example, the gas baking, the ironing process, and / or the cleaning process on a gas burner disposed along the yarn path along which the silk yarn yarn travels, and / or combustion. This is performed using a reforming apparatus in which a running yarn path for the silk yarn is provided in a flame, and the ironing member and / or the cleaning member is provided on the outlet side of the gas burner.

This silk thread reforming method comprises applying the above-mentioned gas firing in a plurality of stages, and applying the ironing treatment and / or the cleaning treatment to the gas firing yarn obtained for each gas firing, thereby forming a long fiber constituting the silk yarn. Further, sufficient gas firing can be performed on the short fibers, and a uniform gas firing yarn can be obtained, which is preferable. Further, this silk thread reforming method includes, for example, two units in which the plurality of stages of gas baking, the ironing process, and / or the cleaning process are arranged at predetermined intervals along the yarn path along which the silk raw yarn travels. Each gas burner is provided with a running yarn path for the silk yarn inside and / or in the combustion flame, and the ironing member and / or the cleaning is provided on the outlet side of each of the two gas burners. This is performed using a reformer provided with members.

  In this silk thread modification method, the gas firing is preferably performed in a heated atmosphere at 1000 to 1300 ° C.

Further, the silk yarn reforming apparatus according to the present invention gas- fires a refined silk yarn that has not been applied with a paste, and modifies the long fibers and / or short fibers constituting the silk yarn. A gas burner which is a reforming device and is disposed along a yarn path on which the silk yarn is traveling, and has a weight loss ratio of 2 to 3% by weight with respect to the silk yarn. A traveling yarn path for the silk yarn is provided in the combustion flame, and is slidably brought into contact with the gas firing yarn that has passed through the gas burner and / or the combustion flame on the outlet side of the gas burner. An ironing member and / or a cleaning member for removing a fired product adhering to the surface of the yarn is provided, and the ironing member and / or the cleaning member is a cleaning cloth made of woven fabric or non-woven fabric, or Cleaning cloth is roller or It is characterized in that those comprising affixed to the surface of the pin.

The silk reforming apparatus, the double sets of gas burner constituting the gas burner being disposed through the Jo Tokoro intervals along the yarn path, the inside of each of the two sets of gas burners and / Or a traveling yarn path of the silk yarn or the gas fired yarn is provided in the combustion flame,
In addition, since the ironing member and / or the cleaning member are provided on the outlet side of each of the two gas burners , sufficient gas baking can be performed on the silk yarn, and a uniform gas baking yarn is obtained. Can be preferable.

  In the modified silk yarn according to the present invention, the fibroin forming at least the surface layer portion of the long fibers and / or the short fibers constituting the modified silk is cured and modified to improve the friction resistance. Accordingly, the long and / or short fibers of the silk yarn constituting the silk product such as silk fabric using the modified silk yarn are difficult to be fibrillated and fluffed even when the silk product is repeatedly subjected to friction or the like due to clothing or washing. The whitening phenomenon of silk products due to fibrillation and fluffing can be suppressed, and the handling of silk products when wearing or washing can be eased.

Further, according to the method for modifying silk yarn according to the present invention, it is possible to reliably and easily obtain a modified silk yarn in which the fibroin forming at least the surface layer portion of the long fibers and / or short fibers constituting the material is hardened and modified. it can.
Furthermore, according to the silk yarn reforming apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to easily perform the curing and modification of the fibroin that forms at least the surface layer portion of each of the long fibers and / or short fibers constituting the silk yarn.

It is the schematic explaining an example of the silk yarn modification | reformation apparatus and silk yarn modification method which concern on this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining an example of the gas burner used for the modification | reformation apparatus of the silk thread of this invention, and the modification | reformation method of a silk thread. It is a figure which shows the enlarged photograph by the microscope before and behind the pilling test of the silk thread manufactured by the silk thread modification apparatus and silk thread modification method of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, although the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated in detail, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these forms.

  The silk thread to which the present invention is applied is a continuous silk thread as a filament composed of long fibers drawn out from the wrinkles, and waste silk fibers and waste wrinkles or 30 long fibers when producing silk threads. Silk spinning composed of short fibers cut to about 60 mm, preferably about 30 to 40 mm is included. Such silk thread is scoured, and sericin contained in the raw silk before scouring is removed by scouring and is composed of long fibers and / or short fibers made of fibroin.

  In the modified silk yarn according to the present invention, the fibroin that forms at least the surface layer of each of the long fibers and / or short fibers constituting the fiber is cured and modified. Such cured and modified long fibers and / or short fibers have improved friction resistance compared to conventional long and / or short fibers made of fibroin before curing and modification. That is, long fibers and / or short fibers that have been cured and modified are not fibrillated or fluffed even by friction that is fibrillated or fluffed with conventional long fibers and / or short fibers. Silk yarns composed of long fibers and / or short fibers that have been cured and modified in this way are produced in silk products such as silk fabrics, and each of the long fibers and / or short fibers that are formed even when subjected to repeated friction in a restrained state is fibrillated.・ It is hard to fluff and can suppress the whitening phenomenon of silk products.

  The abrasion resistance of such a modified silk yarn is further improved by the fact that the entire fibroin forming each of the constituting long fibers and / or short fibers is cured and modified.

  The modified silk yarn according to the present invention is subjected to gas firing so as to cure and modify at least the surface layer portion of each of the constituting long fibers and / or short fibers, preferably fibroin forming the whole, on the scoured silk yarn. It can be easily obtained by applying a fired gas fired yarn. It is preferable that the silk thread to be subjected to gas firing is one in which no paste or the like is applied. The silk yarn used for gas firing and / or the gas firing yarn may be twisted as necessary.

  Gas fired yarn that has been subjected to gas firing is adhered to a fired product that has been charred by burning fluff and the like. Such a fired product can be easily removed by ironing the gas fired yarn, and a uniform gas fired yarn can be obtained. The “ironing” with respect to the gas fired yarn can be applied by sliding the gas fired yarn on the surface of a roller, a pin or the like. “Cleaning” for gas fired yarn is the surface of the gas fired yarn, natural fiber fabric such as cotton, wool, synthetic fiber fabric such as nylon, artificial fiber fabric such as rayon, natural fiber, synthetic fiber And / or a man-made blended fiber fabric which is applied on a woven fabric such as flannel fabric or a cleaning fabric such as a non-woven fabric, preferably on a semi-cylindrical or chamfered prism. It may be applied by being brought into contact with and rubbing against the cleaning cloth. Such a cleaning cloth may be attached to the surface of a roller, a pin, or the like and brought into sliding contact with the gas firing yarn.

  Gas sintering of scoured silk yarn may be performed in one stage, but if there is a risk that the silk thread to be subjected to gas calcination is thin and unable to withstand the one-stage gas calcination conditions, gas firing is performed on the silk thread in two or more stages. Compared with the case where gas firing is performed in one step, the gas firing conditions can be relaxed, and damage to the silk thread can be reduced as much as possible.

  The gas firing of the silk thread can be performed by running the silk thread in the gas burner and / or in the combustion flame, thereby making it possible to lengthen the high temperature region in which the silk thread travels, as compared with the case of running the silk thread only in the combustion flame, Sufficient gas baking treatment can be applied to each of the long fibers and / or short fibers constituting the silk thread.

  The gas firing temperature to the silk thread varies depending on the thickness of the silk thread, the length of the long and / or short fibers constituting the silk thread, the running speed of the silk thread, etc., but is in the range of 1000 to 1300 ° C, preferably 1200 ± 100 ° C It is preferable to do. Further, the traveling speed is adjusted in accordance with the thickness of a silk thread obtained by twisting a 3 denier silk raw silk that has been scoured, for example, a 21 denier silk thread that is twisted by 7 strands, or a silk thread that is further twisted. For example, in the case of a long fiber of about 66 denier twisted from several scoured silk raw silks, 6 ± 2 m / sec, preferably 6 ± 1 m / sec, more preferably 6 ± 0.25 m / sec (for example, 375 m / min) ). If the running speed is too slow, the silk thread burns too much and breaks. If the running speed is too fast, the fibroin of the silk thread cannot be sufficiently cured and denatured, resulting in low frictional resistance and easy fibrillation and fluffing.

  Gas firing is performed by passing the silk yarn pulled out from the spindle cone through a single or a plurality of burners and passing through a flame area of propane gas or city gas, preferably propane gas. The passing speed of the silk yarn and the passage location of the flame portion of the silk yarn are adjusted so that the reduction rate of the silk yarn is reduced by 2-3%. When the silk firing rate of the silk yarn is less than 2%, the degree of curing and modification of fibroin is reduced, durability effects such as a pilling suppression effect against friction are insufficient, and damage is easily caused by friction and washing. On the other hand, if the hair baking rate of the silk yarn exceeds 3%, the silk yarn is burnt, and the silk yarn is weakened so that it can not withstand the subsequent processing steps. When the ratio of the baked silk yarn is within this range, fibroin is hardened and protein-denatured, and it is difficult to peel off even by friction, making it difficult to produce hairballs, and significantly reducing the degree of shrinkage.

  Such a silk thread reforming method is such that each of the two gas burners disposed along the yarn path along which the silk thread travels has a silk burner and / or a combustion flame. And a cleaning member and / or a cleaning member for removing the fired material adhering to the surface of the gas firing yarn that has passed through the gas burner and / or the combustion flame is provided on each outlet side of the gas burner. The reformer can be used.

  An example of this reformer is shown in FIG. A refined silk thread 12a is wound around a spindle cone 12 and supplied to a reformer 10 shown in FIG. The silk thread 12a supplied to the reforming apparatus travels in two burners 20 and 30 disposed at predetermined intervals along the yarn path, and is subjected to gas baking treatment in two stages. Specifically, the silk thread 12 a drawn out from the spindle cone 12 placed below passes through the loop guide 14 and the roller guide 16 a and is supplied to the burner 20. The gas fired yarn 12b that has been subjected to the first-stage gas firing treatment by the burner 20 travels on the yarn path that is bent by each of the roller guides 16b and 16c as the ironing members. The gas fired yarn 12b traveling on such a yarn path is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the roller guides 16b and 16c, and removes a fired product such as carbide adhering to the gas fired yarn 12b.

  The gas firing yarn 12b that has passed through the roller guide 16c is supplied to the burner 30 and subjected to the second stage gas firing treatment. The gas firing yarn 12c that has been subjected to the second stage gas firing treatment by the burner 30 is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the roller guide 16d as the ironing member, and removes a fired product such as carbide adhering to the gas firing yarn 12c. To the cheese 18 rotating in the direction of the arrow.

  The burner 50 shown in FIG. 2 can be used as the burners 20 and 30 shown in FIG. In the burner 50, a plurality of gas discharge holes 54 are opened on the inner wall surface of the inner cylinder 52a of the double cylinder portion 52, and a gas supply pipe 56b provided with a gas adjustment valve 56a is connected to the outer cylinder 52b. . Gas is supplied from the gas supply pipe 56b to the space 52c between the inner cylinder 52a and the outer cylinder 52b, and is discharged from the plurality of gas discharge holes 54. A cylindrical cover 58 is provided on the upper portion of the double cylinder portion 52.

  The burner 50 shown in FIG. 2 adjusts the amount of gas discharged from the plurality of gas discharge holes 54 by the gas adjustment valve 56a, and the size of each combustion flame of the gas discharge hole 54 and the temperature in the space of the inner cylinder 52a. Adjust. The silk yarn 12a or the gas firing yarn 12b travels in the space of the combustion flame adjusted to a predetermined size and the inner cylinder 52a adjusted to a predetermined temperature, and a gas baking treatment is performed. The temperature in the space of the combustion flame and the inner cylinder 52a is adjusted to match the state of the silk yarn 12a or gas fired yarn 12b to be gas fired, but is adjusted to 1000 to 1300 ° C., and the silk yarn 12a or gas fired yarn 12b is adjusted. The travel speed is adjusted to 6 ± 2 m / sec.

  The burners 20 and 30 shown in FIG. 1 may use the same burner, or may use different burners so as to easily adapt to the gas firing conditions employed in each stage. Further, instead of the roller guides 16b, 16c, and 16d as the ironing members, pins may be used.

  Further, when the silk yarn subjected to gas firing has gas firing durability, the two gas burners 20 and 30 shown in FIG. 1 are set as one unit, the combustion flame and the gas burner are heated to a high temperature, and the combustion flame and the gas burner The running speed of the silk thread may be slowed down so that the silk thread residence time becomes long.

  The silk yarn subjected to gas firing may be an untwisted silk yarn, a silk yarn twisted thereon, or a silk yarn additionally twisted thereon.

  Since the modified silk yarn of the present invention that has been described above has fluff and the like removed, it is applied to a loom after applying a paste or the like as necessary to provide convergence, so that the wrinkles and wrinkles of the loom Can be smoothly passed through, and a silk fabric having a good appearance and feel can be obtained. In general, when a silk product such as a kimono using a silk fabric is worn or washed, a predetermined portion of the silk product repeatedly receives friction. Since the silk yarn constituting the predetermined portion receives friction in a restrained state due to the woven structure, the long fibers and / or the short fibers forming the silk yarn are easily fibrillated / fluffed and easily whitened. In this respect, the modified silk thread of the present invention has improved fibrin resistance because at least the surface layer of each of the long fibers and / or short fibers, preferably the fibroin forming the whole, is hardened and modified. On the other hand, fibrillation and fluffing hardly occur, and the whitening phenomenon due to friction of silk products can be suppressed.

  By the way, conventionally, for the purpose of removing the fluff of silk thread, gas firing is applied to the silk thread to which convergence has been imparted by applying a paste. However, conventional gas firing of silk yarn burns or weakens the fluff that protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the silk yarn coated with the paste, and allows the obtained gas fired yarn to pass through the wrinkles and folds of a loom. In addition, the gas baking treatment time is extremely short in order to suppress a decrease in the strength and the like of the silk thread. Therefore, the fluff still exists in the gas fired yarn provided with convergence. In such a conventional gas fired yarn, it is not possible to cure and modify at least the fibroin forming the surface layer portion with respect to all the long fibers and / or short fibers constituting the outer portion and the inner portion. In silk products such as silk fabric using the gas fired yarn, a whitening phenomenon in which a predetermined portion is whitened still occurs when clothing or washing is continued.

  Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples. The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

(Example 1)
Seven 7 denier silk raw silks from which sericin had been removed by scouring were twisted into 21 denier twisted yarns, and then four of them were further twisted into 84 denier twisted silk yarns. This twisted yarn was twisted 200 times. The silk thread is unwound from the spindle cone 12, pulled and fed at a speed of 375 m / min (ie, 6.25 m / sec) while passing through the flame portion with propane gas from the first gas burner 20 to obtain about 1200 ± Crush at 100 ° C, squeeze while changing the running direction with roller guides 16b and 16c, remove the burned material that has been burnt and carbonized by fluffing, etc., and then similarly pass through the flame part of the second gas burner Boil the hair to a rate of 2-3% (an average rate of 100% per unit of weight is 2-3%), denature the surface of the silk thread, and change the running direction with the roller guide 16d. While firing, the fired product was removed. Thereafter, a modified silk thread that was further twisted 1200 times was obtained. The modified silk thread was wound around cheese 18. Using the wound modified silk yarn, it was knitted into a tense knitting with a circular knitting machine to obtain a natural silk fabric.

(Comparative Example 1)
A raw silk fabric similar to that of Example 1 was used as a raw material, and an unprocessed silk fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the roasting treatment was not performed.

The obtained dough was subjected to the following observation and performance evaluation test.
(Performance evaluation test 1: Friction test)
The silk fabric produced in Example 1 was subjected to a friction test in accordance with JIS L0849 (using friction tester type II). The results are shown in Table 1.

(Performance evaluation test 2: pilling test)
The silk fabric produced in Example 1 was rubbed 3000 times with a Martindale machine according to ISO-12945-2. When observing the surface, according to the evaluation standard of ISO-12945-2, 5 grades which are the same as before rubbing, 4 grades where slight fuzz and partial fluff are recognized on the surface, moderate on the surface 3 grades with fuzzy and fuzzy fuzz and pilling, and 2 grades with clear fuzz and pilling on most of the surface. Dense fuzz and heavy pilling on the entire surface. What was recognized by covering 1 was rated as 1 grade and evaluated in 0.5 grade increments. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Performance evaluation test 3: enlarged observation before and after the pilling test)
The silk fabric produced in Example 1 was enlarged and observed before and after the pilling test in Performance Evaluation Test 2. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.

(Performance evaluation test 4: Wash resistance test)
In accordance with ISO-6330 7A, the silk fabric produced in Example 1 was washed once, ten times, and 20 times, and dried by a method of washing with a neutral detergent using a general household washing machine. [A] The degree of unevenness was visually observed. [B] The rate of dimensional change in length, width, and skew was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

  The performance evaluation test was similarly performed on the untreated silk fabric of Comparative Example 1. In the untreated silk fabric of Comparative Example 1, both the friction test and the pilling test are grades 2 and fuzz that is extremely noticeable occurs in the washing resistance test, and the entire surface is clearly deteriorated as compared with the initial state and is noticeable. In contrast to the shrinkage, wrinkle, and warp, the silk fabric of Example 1 showed no fuzz or fluffing as a result of the friction test and pilling test.・ That wasn't so much.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to relax the care of handling silk fabrics during clothing and washing, and expect simplification of the management of silk fabrics.

  10: reformer, 12: spindle cone, 12a: silk thread, 12b, 12c: gas fired yarn, 14: loop guide, 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d: roller guide, 18: cheese, 20, 30, 50: burner 52: Double cylinder part, 52a: Inner cylinder, 52b: Outer cylinder, 52c: Space part, 54: Gas discharge hole, 56a: Gas adjustment valve, 56b: Gas supply pipe, 58: Cover

Claims (9)

Gas firing, which is composed of long fibers and / or short fibers composed of scoured fibroin, and subjected to gas firing so that the reduction rate is 2 to 3% by weight on the uncoated silk yarn The thread is a cleaning cloth made of woven or non-woven cloth, or the cleaning cloth is affixed to the surface of a roller or a pin, and is slidably contacted with an ironing member and / or a cleaning member, A method for modifying silk yarn, which comprises performing a squeezing treatment and / or a cleaning treatment for removing a fired product adhering to the surface of a gas fired yarn . The silk yarn reforming method according to claim 1 , wherein the silk yarn is twisted in the gas firing and / or the gas firing yarn is twisted . The method for modifying a silk thread according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the gas firing is performed by running the silk thread yarn inside a gas burner and / or in a combustion flame. The gas firing, the ironing process, and / or the cleaning process are performed on a gas burner disposed along a yarn path along which the silk raw yarn travels, and / or in the combustion flame. It carries out using the reformer provided with the thread path and the said ironing member and / or the said cleaning member in the exit side of the said gas burner, In any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The method for modifying silk thread as described. The silk yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the gas firing is performed in a plurality of stages, and the ironing and / or the cleaning treatment is performed on the gas firing yarn obtained for each gas firing. Reforming method. The plurality of stages of gas firing, the ironing process and / or the cleaning process are performed on each of the two gas burners disposed at predetermined intervals along the yarn path along which the silk raw yarn travels. Alternatively, a reforming apparatus in which a running yarn path for the silk yarn is provided in the combustion flame and the ironing member and / or the cleaning member is provided on the exit side of each of the two gas burners is used. The method for modifying silk thread according to claim 5, wherein the method is performed. The method for modifying a silk thread according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a temperature of the gas firing is set to 1000 to 1300 ° C. A reforming device that performs gas firing on a refined silk yarn that has not been applied with a paste, and modifies the long fibers and / or short fibers constituting the silk yarn ,
The silk yarn is disposed along a yarn path of travel, the gas burner loss ratio with respect to the silk yarn is 2 to 3 percent by weight, the silk original on the inside and / or the combustion flame in traveling yarn path of the yarn is provided,
Further, a squeezing member that removes a fired product adhering to the surface of the gas firing yarn by slidingly contacting the gas firing yarn that has passed through the gas burner and / or the combustion flame on the outlet side of the gas burner, and / or A cleaning member is provided ,
The silk thread, wherein the ironing member and / or the cleaning member is a cleaning cloth made of woven or non-woven cloth, or the cleaning cloth is affixed to the surface of a roller or a pin. Reformer. The two sets of gas burner constituting the gas burner, wherein is disposed through the Jo Tokoro intervals along the yarn path, to the two sets of gas burners each of the inner and / or the combustion flame of A running yarn path of silk yarn or gas fired yarn is provided,
9. The silk yarn reforming apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein the ironing member and / or the cleaning member is provided on an outlet side of each of the two gas burners .