JP6617469B2 - drying furnace - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drying furnace for drying an object to be dried such as lignite.

  Coal is a natural resource that can be stably supplied over a long period of time because it has a recoverable life of about 150 years, which is more than three times that of oil. As expected. Coal is classified into peat, lignite, lignite, sub-bituminous coal, bituminous coal, semi-anthracite, and anthracite in order of increasing carbon content. Peat, lignite, lignite, sub-bituminous coal (hereinafter referred to as hydrous coal) Compared with anthracite and anthracite (hereinafter referred to as anthracite), the water content (water content) is high.

  Among hydrous coals, lignite is said to occupy half of the world's coal reserves, so effective utilization of lignite is being studied. However, as described above, hydrous coal such as lignite has a high moisture content compared to anthracite and the like, so the calorific value per unit weight is low, and the energy efficiency as fuel for transportation costs is low.

  Then, it is possible to dry to-be-dried materials, such as lignite, with a drying furnace. For example, as in Patent Document 1, a fluidized gas is supplied from the bottom surface of a housing portion that accommodates an object to be dried to form a fluidized bed of the object to be dried, and heat of the fluidizing gas is applied to the object to be dried. Drying ovens for drying are known.

International Publication No. 2013/021470

  In the drying furnace described above, fluidized gas is supplied from the bottom surface of the storage unit to form a fluidized bed of the material to be dried, and the undried material to be dried is introduced from the inlet provided on one side surface of the storage unit. As a result, the material to be dried is pushed out from the fluidized bed whose volume is increased to the outlet, so that the material to be dried can be obtained.

  However, since the fluidizing gas is maintained at a high temperature for drying the material to be dried, the material to be dried that has just been introduced from the inlet and has not yet increased in temperature (for example, at the same temperature as the room temperature) and the fluid at high temperature When the gasified gas comes into contact, the fluidized gas is condensed, the adhesiveness between the objects to be dried increases, and the objects to be dried may aggregate. If it does so, there existed a problem that the fluidity | liquidity of to-be-dried material fell and normal operation of a drying furnace became impossible.

  Then, in view of such a subject, this invention aims at providing the drying furnace which can prevent the fall of the fluidity | liquidity of a fluidized bed and can dry to-be-dried material efficiently.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the drying furnace of the present invention contains an object to be dried, an accommodating part that heats the object to be dried while fluidizing the object to be dried with a fluidized gas, and an object to be dried in the accommodating part. An introduction port for introducing an object, a partition plate in which the upper portion is erected so as to have a height that allows the material to be dried to overflow, and suppresses the inflow of fluidized gas to the introduction port side, and the introduction port A partition region formed between the partition plate and a forcible movement mechanism that is provided below the partition region and forcibly moves the material to be dried, and to which the heat is applied by the fluidized gas objects flows into the region Setsu specification by overflowing the partition plates, forced movement mechanism is characterized by moving the material to be dried which has flowed vertically downward from the partition region from the inlet side to the partition plate side.

  An area corresponding to the lower side of the partition area on the bottom surface of the housing part may further include an inclined part that inclines so that the vertical sectional area increases from the inlet side toward the partition plate side.

  The partition plate may be bent at the lower part toward the inlet.

  The partition plate may be bent at the upper side opposite to the introduction port.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the fluidity of the fluidized bed from being lowered and efficiently dry the material to be dried.

It is a figure for demonstrating a drying furnace. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the inlet vicinity of an accommodating part. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the inlet vicinity of an accommodating part.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating the understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

(Drying furnace 100)
FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a drying furnace 100. In FIG. 1, the flow of the material to be dried is indicated by black arrows, the flow of fluidized gas is indicated by white arrows, and the flow of the heat medium is indicated by broken arrows. In the present embodiment, lignite will be described as an example of the material to be dried. As shown in FIG. 1, the drying furnace 100 is configured to include an accommodating portion 110, an air box 112, a heat transfer tube 114, a separation device 116, and a partition plate 118.

  The accommodating part 110 is provided with an inlet 110a, and lignite is introduced into the accommodating part 110 through the inlet 110a. In addition, a wind box 112 is provided below the storage unit 110. When the drying furnace 100 is operated, a high temperature (for example, 100) is entered into the storage unit 110 from the bottom surface of the storage unit 110 through the wind box 112. Fluidized gas at a temperature higher than or equal to ° C. will be supplied.

  More specifically, the upper portion of the wind box 112 functions as a bottom surface of the accommodating portion 110 and is formed of a dispersion plate 112a that can be ventilated. The dispersion plate 112a is configured by, for example, a plate provided with a plurality of openings having a diameter smaller than the particle size of lignite, or a plate provided with a nozzle having an opening having a diameter smaller than the particle size of lignite. The air box 112 supplies a fluidizing gas (for example, water vapor) into the storage unit 110 through the openings of the dispersion plate 112a. The high-temperature fluidized gas supplied to the storage unit 110 in this manner causes the lignite to flow in the storage unit 110 to form a fluidized bed, and also contacts the lignite to dry the lignite.

  In addition, a heat transfer tube 114 is provided in the accommodating portion 110, and a heat medium (for example, water vapor) is supplied to the heat transfer tube 114 from a supply source (not shown). By providing such a heat transfer tube 114, heat exchange is performed between the heat medium and the fluidizing gas in the accommodating portion 110, and the fluidizing gas moving upward can be further heated. Thereby, drying of lignite by fluidized gas will be promoted more.

  In addition, a separation device 116 is connected to the accommodating portion 110 via a gas exhaust pipe 110d connected to a gas exhaust port 110c provided in the upper portion, and the accommodating portion 110 is a gas (fluidized in the accommodating portion 110). The particulate lignite dispersed in the accommodating part 110 is sent to the separator 116 together with the gas and water vapor evaporated from the lignite.

  Separator 116 is a solid-gas separator (cyclone), which separates gas (fluidized gas and water vapor) and solid (particulate lignite), and the separated particulate lignite is derived from downcomer 116a. Is done.

  In such a housing part 110, as described above, fluidized gas is supplied from the bottom surface to form a fluidized bed of lignite, but the horizontal direction of movement of lignite is not determined only by fluidized gas. Here, undried lignite is introduced from the inlet 110a, and the lignite is pushed out from the fluidized bed whose volume is thereby increased to the outlet 110b, whereby dry lignite can be obtained.

  However, as described above, since the fluidizing gas is maintained at a high temperature for drying the lignite, the temperature of the liquefied coal that has just been introduced from the inlet 110a and has not yet increased (for example, the same temperature as the room temperature) When the high temperature fluidized gas comes into contact, the temperature of the fluidized gas decreases and condenses, the adhesiveness between the lignites increases, and the lignite coals may aggregate. Therefore, in this embodiment, the partition plate 118 is provided in the accommodating portion 110, and the lignite is efficiently dried while preventing the fluidity of the fluidized bed from being lowered.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a structure in the vicinity of the introduction port 110a of the accommodating portion 110. Also in FIG. 2, the flow of lignite is indicated by black arrows, and the flow of fluidized gas is indicated by white arrows. Further, for convenience of explanation, the heat transfer tube 114 is omitted in FIG.

  The partition plate 118 is erected so as to be parallel to the side wall 110e provided with the introduction port 110a. The partition plate 118 is provided on the side of the introduction port 110a of the high-temperature fluidized gas supplied from the wind box 112, specifically, with the introduction port 110a. Inflow to the partition region 120 indicated by a broken line in the figure between the partition plate 118 and the partition plate 118 is suppressed. Further, as described above, the air distribution box 112a is provided above the wind box 112, but openings and nozzles are arranged in the area corresponding to the lower part of the partition area 120 of the distribution board 112a. It is configured not to be. That is, fluidized gas is not supplied from below the partition region 120. Therefore, the fluidizing gas does not pass through the partition region 120 but passes only through the fluid region 122 indicated by a one-dot chain line on the right side of the partition plate 118 in the drawing and escapes above the accommodating portion 110.

  On the other hand, the upper part of the partition plate 118 is flush with the upper surface of the fluidized bed, or is arranged in a height relationship that differs in height from the upper surface by a predetermined length. Then, the lignite positioned in the flow region 122 is pushed up by the fluidizing gas, overflows the partition plate 118 (beyond the partition plate 118), and flows into the partition region 120. In addition, on the bottom surface of the accommodating portion 110 corresponding to the lower side of the partition region 120, an inclined portion 110f that is inclined so that the vertical sectional area of the accommodating portion 110 is widened from the introduction port 110a side to the partition plate 118 side is provided. . By causing the inclined portion 110f to act on the inclined portion 110f, the lignite in the vertically lower portion of the lignite generated by the lignite overflowing the partition plate 118 is deposited by the inclined portion 110f, thereby moving the lignite in the partition region 120 to the fluidized region 122 side. Can do. However, it is desirable that the angle of the inclined portion 110f be equal to or greater than the repose angle so that the lignite positioned in the inclined portion 110f slides on the inclined surface and spontaneously moves to the flow region 122.

  Therefore, the brown coal overflowed from the flow region 122 moves vertically downward in the partition region 120 and flows into the flow region 122 again, as shown by the black filled arrows in FIG.

  Undried lignite is introduced from the inlet 110a, merges with the lignite overflowed from the flow region 122, moves vertically downward along with the lignite overflowed from the flow region 122, and flows into the flow region 122. To do.

  With such a configuration of the partition plate 118, the inflow of the fluidized gas into the partition region 120 is suppressed, so that the lignite that has just been introduced from the inlet 110a and has not increased in temperature contacts the high-temperature fluidized gas. There is no longer to do. Therefore, the fluidizing gas is condensed, the lignite coals are aggregated, and the fluidity of the lignite is not reduced.

  Moreover, the partition plate 118 is made to overflow only lignite, and the flow of a vertically downward direction is formed in the partition area | region 120, The lignite introduced from the inlet 110a can be stably flowed into the flow area | region 122. FIG. Here, the lignite introduced from the inlet 110a and the lignite overflowed from the fluidized region 122 come into contact with each other, but the overflowed high-temperature lignite does not contain water as much as the fluidized gas, and therefore condenses. Rather, it is possible to obtain the effect of preheating (heating) the lignite introduced from the inlet 110a by heat exchange above the saturation temperature. Thus, the lignite introduced from the introduction port 110a also becomes sufficiently high (saturation temperature or higher), and does not condense even if it flows into the flow region 122.

  Moreover, the partition plate 118 does not necessarily need to be formed in a plane, and it is sufficient if the partition plate 118 has a function of suppressing the inflow of the fluidized gas into the partition region 120 and has an arrangement capable of overflowing lignite. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the vertical lower portion 118a of the partition plate 118 may be bent toward the introduction port 110a. With this configuration, the fluidized gas can be prevented from flowing into the partition region 120, and the contact between the lignite and the high-temperature fluidized gas can be more strongly prevented.

  Further, the vertical upper portion 118b of the partition plate 118 may be bent to the side opposite to the introduction port 110a (outlet port 110b side). With this configuration, the horizontal cross section (the flow area of the lignite) of the accommodating portion 110 can be narrowed, and the flow rate of the lignite flowing upward can be increased, so that the lignite can be efficiently overflowed. Further, by keeping the fluidizing gas flow path away from the inlet 110a, it is possible to more strongly prevent the contact between the lignite and the high temperature fluidizing gas.

(Modification)
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a structure in the vicinity of the introduction port 110a of the accommodating portion 110. FIG. Also in FIG. 3, the flow of lignite is indicated by black arrows, and the flow of fluidized gas is indicated by white arrows. For convenience of explanation, the heat transfer tube 114 is also omitted in FIG.

  In embodiment mentioned above, the example which moves the brown coal of the partition area | region 120 to the flow area | region 122 side was shown by providing the inclination part 110f in the bottom face of the accommodating part 110 corresponding to the downward direction of the partition area | region 120. However, since the lignite often has different particle sizes and qualities, it is desirable to stably move the lignite in the partition region 120 toward the fluidized region 122 regardless of the particle size or quality. Therefore, as a modification, lignite that has flowed vertically downward from the partition region 120 is forcibly moved from the partition region 120 (inlet port 110a side) to the flow region 122 (partition plate 118 side) below the partition region 120. A forced movement mechanism 130 (nozzle 130a, inclined opening 130b) is provided.

  For example, the inclined portion 110f is provided with a nozzle 130a that horizontally injects a gas (a gas that does not condense at room temperature (the temperature of the introduced brown coal), for example, nitrogen) toward the lower side of the flow region 122, and from the partition region 120 The descending lignite is forcibly moved to the flow region 122 side. Further, in the dispersion plate 112a of the wind box 112, an inclination angle is provided so that the fluidized gas is ejected through an opening (or nozzle) in a region close to the inlet 110a in a direction away from the inlet 110a ( The lignite that has descended from the inclined opening 130b) and the partition region 120 may be forcibly guided to the flow region 122 side. Only one or both of the nozzle 130a and the inclined opening 130b may be used. Further, with this configuration, as shown by the black solid arrow on the right side of the partition plate 118 in FIG. 3, a downward flow of lignite can be created, and the lignite in the partition region 120 can be more stably moved to the flow region 122 side. It can be moved.

  As described above, in the drying furnace 100 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to efficiently dry lignite while preventing a decrease in fluidity of the fluidized bed.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Is done.

  For example, in the said embodiment, lignite was mentioned as an example and demonstrated as a to-be-dried object dried with the drying furnace 100. FIG. However, it cannot be overemphasized that a drying furnace can dry to-be-dried material other than lignite.

  The present invention can be used in a drying furnace for drying an object to be dried such as lignite.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Drying furnace 110 Storage part 110a Inlet 110f Inclination part 118 Partition plate 120 Partition area 130 Forced movement mechanism

Claims (4)

A storage unit for storing a material to be dried and applying heat to the material to be dried while fluidizing the material to be dried by a fluidized gas;
An inlet for introducing the material to be dried into the housing portion;
In the housing portion, the upper portion is erected so as to have a height that allows the material to be dried to overflow, and a partition plate that suppresses inflow of the fluidized gas to the inlet side;
A partition region formed between the inlet and the partition plate;
A forced movement mechanism provided below the partition region and forcibly moving the object to be dried;
With
Wherein the material to be dried which heat is applied by the fluidizing gas flows before Kitsukamatsu switching region by overflowing the partition plate,
The said forced moving mechanism moves the said to-be-dried material which flowed vertically downward from the said partition area | region from the said inlet side to the said partition plate side, The drying furnace characterized by the above-mentioned .   The region corresponding to the lower side of the partition region on the bottom surface of the accommodating portion further includes an inclined portion that is inclined so that a vertical sectional area is widened from the inlet side toward the partition plate. Item 2. The drying furnace according to Item 1. The drying furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 2 , wherein the partition plate has a lower portion bent toward the introduction port. The drying furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the partition plate has an upper portion bent to the side opposite to the introduction port.

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