JP6682173B1 - How to build a building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building construction method capable of shortening a construction period when constructing a core structure building having a basement floor. SOLUTION: The building construction method includes a step of constructing a foundation on an excavated surface of the ground G, and a step of arranging a plurality of pillars 22A constituting a part of the underground core portion 22 above the foundation. A step of connecting the stigmas of the columnar body 22A to construct a wall-shaped ground core portion 24 above the columnar body 22A, and constructing a ground skeleton 30A around the ground core portion 24 while constructing the ground core portion 24. While building the process and the above-ground core part 24, an underground skeleton 30B is built around the columnar body 22A, and the other part of the underground core part 22 is sequentially built from the lower side to build a wall-shaped underground core part 22. And a process. [Selection diagram] Fig. 5A

Description

  The present invention relates to a building construction method.

  Patent Document 1 below describes a method of constructing a building in which an elevator shaft is constructed in advance and then a skeleton is constructed around the elevator shaft.

JP, 2017-172262, A

  In the method of constructing a building shown in Patent Document 1, first, the elevator shaft is constructed first, and then the skeleton is constructed sequentially from the lower side to the upper side. Therefore, the construction period may be longer than that in the case where the elevator shaft is not constructed first. In particular, when constructing a building with a basement floor, it is necessary to excavate the ground before constructing the elevator shaft, which further lengthens the construction period.

  In view of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a building that can shorten the construction period when constructing a building having a core structure with a basement floor.

  The method of constructing a building according to claim 1, wherein a step of constructing a foundation on an excavated surface of the ground, a step of vertically arranging a plurality of pillars constituting a part of an underground core portion above the foundation, and the pillar A step of connecting a stigma of a body to build a wall-shaped ground core portion above the pillar body; and a step of building a ground structure around the ground core portion while building the ground core portion, While constructing the above-ground core portion, constructing an underground skeleton around the columnar body, and sequentially constructing the other portion of the underground core portion from the lower side to construct the wall-shaped underground core portion. .

  In the method for constructing a building according to claim 1, first, a plurality of columnar bodies forming a part of the underground core portion are erected above the foundation. Next, the ground core portion is constructed by using this columnar body as a support structure. Further, while constructing the above-ground core part, the above-ground structure, the other part of the underground core part and the underground structure are constructed. That is, in a building with a core structure including a basement floor, the skeleton can be constructed at the same time. For this reason, the construction period can be shortened as compared with the case where the above-mentioned underground structure is sequentially constructed after the underground structure is constructed.

  The columnar body that supports the above-ground core is a part of the underground core. That is, the columnar body can be used as a main member. Therefore, as compared with the case where the columnar body is formed by the temporary member, the man-hour for removal can be reduced.

  Further, the underground core portion is constructed by separating the columnar body and other portions. Therefore, until the other portion is constructed, it is possible to pass the cutting beam which holds the mountain retaining wall of the excavation surface between the columnar bodies. As a result, it is possible to reduce the work such as replacement and reassembling of beams. Further, the horizontal interval between the beams can be narrowed as compared with the case where the beams are constructed by avoiding the entire underground core portion. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the reinforcement of the cutting beam and the abdomen.

  The building construction method according to claim 2 is the building construction method according to claim 1, wherein the columnar body is formed of precast concrete, and the underground core portion places concrete between the adjacent columnar bodies. Formed.

  According to the building construction method of claim 2, the columnar body is formed of precast concrete. Therefore, the columnar body can be quickly started up as compared with the case where the columnar body is formed of cast-in-place concrete. This can enhance the effect of shortening the construction period.

  A building construction method according to a third aspect is the building construction method according to the first or second aspect, wherein the columnar bodies are added while constructing the ground core portion.

  According to the building construction method of claim 3, when the weight of the ground core portion increases with the construction of the ground core portion, the columnar body is added. Thereby, the construction of the above-ground core portion can be started at the stage where the number of columnar bodies which is smaller than the finally required number of columnar bodies is constructed. That is, the construction of the ground core portion can be started early. Therefore, the effect of shortening the construction period can be enhanced.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a construction period can be shortened when constructing the building of the core structure provided with the basement floor.

It is an elevation sectional view showing a building constructed by a building construction method concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line in FIG. 1A. It is an elevation sectional view showing the state where the ground was excavated and the mountain retaining wall was formed in the building construction method concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line in FIG. 2A. It is an elevation sectional view showing the state where the pillar was erected above the foundation floor slab in the construction method of the building concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line in FIG. 3A. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which a ground core portion is constructed above a columnar body and an underground skeleton is constructed around the columnar body in the building construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line in FIG. 4A. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which a cast portion is formed between columnar bodies and a subterranean core portion is sequentially constructed from the lower side in the method for constructing a building according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which a columnar body is added in the building construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the modification which formed the columnar body in substantially L shape in the building construction method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the modification which formed the columnar body thinner than the thickness of an underground core part in the building construction method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the modification which formed the columnar body in H-section steel in the construction method of the building which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an elevation sectional view showing the modification which precedes the floor near the foundation floor slab of the underground structure, and builds the floor near the ground in the method for constructing a building according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is an elevation sectional view showing a modification which precedes an underground structure and builds a 1st floor slab in a building construction method concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line in FIG. 8A.

  Hereinafter, a building construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The constituent elements indicated by the same reference numerals in each drawing mean the same constituent elements. In addition, description of duplicated configurations and reference numerals in the drawings may be omitted. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and may be implemented with appropriate modifications such as omission of configuration or replacement with different configuration within the scope of the object of the present invention.

<Building>
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the building 10 to which the building construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied is, for example, a center-core type reinforced concrete structure (hereinafter, referred to as “RC structure”) building. Is.

  The “center core type” is a structural type in which a tubular skeleton (core portion) extending vertically is formed in the central portion of the building. In the core part, in addition to seismic resistant elements such as seismic walls and seismic braces, staircases, elevators, equipment piping, etc. are placed. Further, an outer peripheral portion supported by the core portion is built around the core portion.

  In the building 10, an outer peripheral portion 30 is built around the core portion 20. The core portion 20 is an RC structure and includes an underground core portion 22 and an above-ground core portion 24. The underground core portion 22 and the ground core portion 24 have the same shape in plan view. Further, the underground core portion 22 and the above-ground core portion 24 are integrally formed.

  Although not shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a partition wall for partitioning the above-mentioned staircase, elevator, facility piping, etc. is built inside the core portion 20. Further, inside the core portion 20, a slab is constructed so that a user of the building 10 can walk or place a load. In addition, an opening is appropriately formed in the concrete wall forming the core portion 20 so that a user of the building 10 can move in and out of the core portion 20.

  As an example, the outer peripheral portion 30 includes a beam 32 supported by the core portion 20 and jumped out from the core portion 20, a slab 34 supported by the beam 32, and an outer wall 36 supported by the slab 34. Has been done.

  Note that a beam (not shown) can be bridged over the beam 32. Further, the beam 32 can be omitted by adjusting the thickness of the slab 34. Further, columns and walls can be appropriately constructed between the beams 32 or the slabs 34 that are vertically adjacent to each other.

  As an example, the outer wall 36 is formed by a curtain wall in which a plate-shaped panel portion formed by using an ALC plate or a steel plate and a vision portion formed by plate glass are alternately arranged in the vertical direction ( (Details are not shown). In addition, the arrangement of the panel portion and the vision portion on the outer wall 36 is arbitrary, and for example, the vision portion may be entirely made of plate glass.

  The outer wall 36 is an outer wall arranged on the ground portion of the building 10. On the other hand, the outer wall of the underground portion of the building 10 is formed by the Yamadome wall 40. In other words, the Yamadome wall 40 also serves as the outer wall of the underground portion of the building 10.

  In the following description, the beam 32, the slab 34, the outer wall 36, and other structures forming the outer peripheral portion 30 in the ground portion are collectively referred to as the ground structure 30A. Further, the beams 32, the slabs 34 and other structures forming the outer peripheral portion 30 in the underground portion are collectively referred to as an underground skeleton 30B.

<Building method>
A method of constructing the building 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A to 5B.

(Excavation of the ground)
In order to build the building 10, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, the mountain retaining wall 40 is formed on the ground G and the ground G is excavated. Further, the foundation floor slab 12 as a pressure plate is constructed on the root cutting bottom (excavation surface GA). The thickness of the foundation slab 12 is appropriately determined according to the groundwater pressure of the ground G and the like. The foundation floor slab 12 may be a mat slab or a floor slab combined with a foundation beam.

  When excavating the ground G, a plurality of beams 42 are bridged between the mountain retaining walls 40 facing each other. An uprising (not shown) is appropriately arranged between the mountain retaining wall 40 and the girder 42 so that the reaction force from the girder 42 is not locally concentrated.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, a plurality of cutting beams 42 are arranged in the vertical direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, a plurality of cutting beams 42 are provided along respective directions (X direction and Y direction) in which respective sides of the mountain retaining wall 40 formed in a rectangular frame shape in plan view face each other. Will be placed.

  The spacing between the cutting beams 42 is appropriately determined depending on the span of the mountain retaining wall 40 facing each other, the excavation depth of the ground G, the water pressure, and the like.

(Standing columnar body)
Next, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a plurality of columnar bodies 22A that form a part of the underground core portion 22 are erected above the foundation floor slab 12. The columnar body 22A is a wall column (a flat column formed in a rectangular wall shape) forming a part of the underground core portion 22. The columnar body 22A is formed of precast concrete and is fixed to the foundation floor slab 12 using anchor bolts or the like.

  In the factory, the columnar body 22A may be integrally formed with the length extending from the upper surface of the foundation floor slab 12 to the ground surface GL, or may be formed separately. When forming by dividing, it divides and joins on site and carries out construction. Since the columnar body 22A is constructed prior to the underground skeleton 30B (see FIG. 1A), it cannot be fixed to the underground skeleton 30B. For this reason, it is preferable to appropriately use the wire support WS or the like in order to prevent the columnar body 22A from collapsing and to prevent it from swinging.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the columnar bodies 22A are arranged apart from each other. Further, the columnar body 22A is arranged on the position where the underground core portion 22 shown by the broken line in FIG. 3B is formed. Further, the thickness d1 (thickness of the portion along the X direction) and d2 (thickness of the portion along the Y direction) of the columnar body 22A are substantially the same as the thickness of the underground core portion 22.

  Further, the columnar body 22A is arranged between the cross beams 42 adjacent to each other. In other words, the cutting beam 42 is arranged so as to avoid the position of the columnar body 22A constructed after the cutting beam 42 is installed. In other words, the cross beams 42 are arranged adjacent to each other and between the columnar bodies 22A forming the underground core portion 22.

(Construction of the ground core section)
Next, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the stigmas of the columnar body 22A are connected to construct a wall-shaped ground core portion 24 above the columnar body 22A. The ground core portion 24 is constructed by a sliding foam method, for example. In the sliding form method, the concrete frame is constructed sequentially from the bottom to the top while joining the concrete to the formwork that can slide in the vertical direction. The ground core portion 24 is formed at least above the uppermost truss 42.

  In the ground core portion 24, a reinforcing bar (not shown) is arranged inside a portion that is firstly constructed, that is, inside the connecting portion 24A that connects the stigmas of the columnar body 22A. The reinforcing reinforcing bars are arranged to support the load of the ground core portion 24. Further, the planar shape of the connecting portion 24A shown in FIG. 4B is substantially the same as the planar shape (see FIG. 3B) of the underground core portion 22 constructed later.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the laminated portion 24B is constructed above the connecting portion 24A. The laminated portion 24B is formed by, for example, simultaneously pouring concrete having a height of three layers of the building 10.

  In addition, while constructing the laminated portion 24B, that is, while constructing the ground core portion 24, the ground structure 30A is constructed around the ground core portion 24. The ground frame 30A is configured to include at least one of the beam 32 and the slab 34 as described above. In addition, the ground structure 30A may include other structures (for example, pillars or partition walls).

  A post-installed anchor is preferably used for joining the ground core portion 24 and the beam 32 or the slab 34.

(Construction of underground structure)
As shown in FIG. 4A, while constructing the ground core portion 24, an underground skeleton 30B is constructed around the columnar body 22A. The underground structure 30B is configured to include at least one of the beam 32 and the slab 34 as described above. In addition, the underground structure 30B may include other structures (for example, columns and partition walls 38).

  Here, "while constructing the ground core portion 24" includes an embodiment "while constructing the connecting portion 24A in the ground core portion 24". Further, an embodiment "after constructing the connecting portion 24A and before constructing the laminated portion 24B" is included. Furthermore, the embodiment "while constructing the laminated portion 24B after constructing the connecting portion 24A" is included.

(Construction of underground core part)
Further, in parallel with the construction of the underground structure 30B, concrete is placed between the columnar bodies 22A adjacent to each other (placement portion 22B). Concrete is placed in order from the bottom. That is, between the columnar bodies 22A forming “a part” of the underground core portion 22, concrete is sequentially cast from the lower side to form a cast portion 22B which is an “other portion” of the underground core portion 22. . Thereby, the wall-shaped underground core portion 22 is sequentially constructed from the lower side.

(Removal of beams)
Further, the girder 42 is removed in parallel with the construction of the underground structure 30B and the formation of the driving portion 22B. By constructing the underground structure 30B and forming the driving part 22B, the earth pressure acting on the mountain retaining wall 40 from the ground G is regenerated from the cutting beam 42 to the underground structure 30B and the underground core part 22. . Therefore, the deformation of the mountain retaining wall 40 due to the removal of the cutting beam 42 can be suppressed.

  As an example of a method of forming the cast portion 22B, in the underground core portion 22, a portion other than the portion where the columnar body 22A is constructed is formed "simultaneously". However, the heights formed at the same time are, for example, one to two layers of the building 10 as shown in FIG. 5A. In this case, the cutting beam 42 is removed prior to the placing of the concrete forming the placing portion 22B.

  In addition, as another example of the method of forming the driving portion 22B, in the underground core portion 22, the portion other than the portion where the columnar body 22A is constructed is formed “sequentially”. In this case, the cutting beam 42 is removed in multiple steps, and the driving portion 22B is formed from the removed portion. For example, the cutting beam 42A shown in FIG. 3B is first removed, and the driving portion 22B is formed in the portion through which the cutting beam 42A was passed. Next, the cutting beam 42B is removed, and the driving portion 22B is formed in the portion where the cutting beam 42B was passed.

  As described above, the order of "construction of the underground structure 30B", "formation of the cast part 22B", and "removal of the cutting beam 42" is based on the earth pressure acting on the cutting beam 42 from the mountain retaining wall 40. It can be set appropriately.

(Addition of columns)
As described above, in the method of constructing the building 10 according to the present embodiment, the subterranean skeleton 30B is constructed while constructing the ground core portion 24 (see FIGS. 4A and 5A). Then, in parallel with the construction of the underground skeleton 30B, the wall-shaped underground core portion 22 is sequentially constructed from the lower side (see FIG. 5A).

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5B, as the construction of the ground core portion 24 progresses, the weight of the ground core portion 24 and the ground structure 30A increases, and the load acting on the columnar body 22A increases. However, as shown in FIG. 5A, there is a gap between the driving portion 22B and the connecting portion 24A during the period in which the underground core portion 22 is sequentially constructed from the lower side. If this gap exists, it is difficult for the driving part 22B to support the load of the ground core part 24. Therefore, it is difficult for the underground core portion 22 to have a large supporting force as a “pillar” that supports the weight of the ground core portion 24 and the ground frame 30A.

  Therefore, in order to support this weight, columnar bodies can be added while constructing the ground core portion 24. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5B, columnar bodies 22C are added between the columnar bodies 22A adjacent to each other from the upper surface of the foundation floor slab 12 to the lower surface of the connecting portion 24A in the ground core portion 24.

  The columnar bodies 24C can be formed so as to fill the space between the columnar bodies 22A adjacent to each other as shown in this figure. In this case, a wall column in which the columnar body 24C and the columnar body 22A are integrated is formed. Alternatively, the columnar bodies 24C can be formed with a gap between the columnar bodies 22A adjacent to each other.

<Action / effect>
In the building construction method according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, first, a plurality of columnar bodies 22A that form a part of the underground core portion 22 are erected above the foundation floor slab 12. Next, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 5A, the ground core portion 24 is constructed using the columnar body 22A as a support structure. Further, while constructing the ground core portion 24, the ground structure 30A, the other part of the underground core part 22 (placing part 22B), and the underground structure 30B are constructed. That is, in the building 10 having the core structure including the basement floor, the ground structure 30A and the base structure 30B can be constructed at the same time. Therefore, the construction period of the building 10 can be shortened as compared with the case where the above-ground structure 30A is sequentially constructed after the underground structure 30B is constructed.

  Further, the columnar body 22A that supports the above-ground core portion 24 is a part of the underground core portion 22. That is, the columnar body 22A can be used as a main member. Therefore, as compared with the case where the columnar body 22A is formed by the temporary member, the man-hour for removal can be reduced.

  Further, the underground core portion 22 is constructed by separating the columnar body 22A and the other portion (placing portion 22B). Therefore, it is possible to pass the cutting beam 42 which holds the mountain retaining wall 40 between the columnar bodies 22A until the driving portion 22B is constructed. As a result, it is possible to reduce the work such as the replacement and replacement of the cutting beam 42. Further, the horizontal distance between the cutting beams 42 can be reduced as compared with the case where the cutting beams 42 are constructed while avoiding the entire underground core portion 22. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the reinforcement of the cutting beam 42 and the uprising.

  Further, according to the building construction method of the present embodiment, the columnar body 22A is formed of precast concrete. Therefore, the columnar body 22A can be quickly started up compared to the case where it is formed of cast-in-place concrete. This can enhance the effect of shortening the construction period.

  Furthermore, according to the building construction method according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the weight of the ground core portion 24 increases due to the construction of the ground core portion 24, the columnar body 22C is added. Thereby, the construction of the ground core portion 24 can be started at the stage where the number of pillars smaller than the number of pillars finally required to support the weight of the ground core portion 24 is constructed. That is, the construction of the ground core portion 24 can be started early. Therefore, the effect of shortening the construction period can be further enhanced.

<Other embodiments>
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3B, the columnar body 22A is a flat column formed in a rectangular wall shape. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

  For example, like the columnar body 22D shown in FIG. 6A, the columnar body may have a substantially L-shape (shape having a bent portion) to form a corner portion of the underground core portion 22. The columnar body 22D formed in this manner is more self-supporting than the columnar body 22A, and therefore the wire support can be simplified.

  In addition, in the present embodiment, the thickness d1 (thickness of the columnar body 22A along the X direction) and d2 (thickness of the columnar body 22A along the Y direction) of the columnar body 22A substantially match the thickness of the underground core portion 22. There is. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

  For example, the columnar body may have a thickness smaller than that of the underground core portion 22 as in the columnar body 22E shown in FIG. 6B. As a result, the weight of each columnar body is reduced, so that transportability and workability are improved.

  Further, the columnar body may be formed of an iron frame material such as an H-shaped steel or a square steel pipe, as in the columnar body 22F shown in FIG. 6C. By using the steel aggregate, it is possible to easily join the foundation floor slab 12 and the connecting portion 24A in the ground core portion 24 by using an anchor bolt, a stud, or the like.

  Still further, the pillars may be formed using cast-in-place concrete. By using cast-in-place concrete, it is possible to reduce the transportation work from the factory and the lifting work by the crane.

  Further, the building 10 to which the building construction method according to the present embodiment is applied is a center core type building, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the building 10 may be a building with both-end cores and eccentric cores. The method described in the present invention can also be applied to the method of forming the core in this case.

  Further, the outer wall of the underground portion of the building 10 is formed by the mountain retaining wall 40, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, an outer wall of the underground portion of the building 10 may be constructed separately, and this outer wall may be arranged apart from the mountain retaining wall 40. In this case, it is preferable to reinforce the mountain retaining wall with an earth anchor or the like.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 (A) and FIG. 5 (B), the substructure 30B is constructed in order from the floor close to the foundation floor slab 12 (that is, from the lower floor to the upper floor). However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, a floor close to the ground (for example, the first basement floor) is constructed, and then a floor close to the foundation floor slab 12 (for example, the second basement floor indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 7) is constructed. Good.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 8 (A), the slab 34 on the first floor is constructed, and then the underground skeleton 30B (for example, the first basement floor and the second basement floor indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 8 (A)) is constructed. May be. The slab 34 on the first floor constructed prior to the underground structure 30B can be used as a work floor.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 (A), before the slab 34 on the first floor is constructed, the columnar body 50 as a gantry pile that supports the slab 34 is constructed. The columnar body 50 can be formed of a steel material such as an H-shaped steel or a precast concrete column. Moreover, the columnar body 50 can be used as a main column. At this time, the columnar body 50 as a gantry pile may be used as it is as a permanent column, or may be used by being coated with cast-in-place concrete.

  In the case where such a columnar body 50 constructs a floor close to the ground (for example, the first basement floor) prior to a floor near the foundation floor slab 12 (for example, the second basement floor) as in the embodiment shown in FIG. Can also be applied in.

  Furthermore, although the building 10 is made of RC, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the building 10 may be a steel frame reinforced concrete structure or a steel frame structure. As described above, the present invention can be implemented in various modes.

G Ground GA Excavation surface 12 Foundation floor slab (foundation)
22 Underground Core 22A Columnar Body (Part of Underground Core)
22B Placement part (other part of underground core part)
22C Columnar body 22D Columnar body 22E Columnar body 22F Columnar body 24 Ground core portion 30B Underground structure

Claims (3)

The process of building a foundation on the excavated surface of the ground,
A step of vertically arranging a plurality of pillars forming a part of the underground core portion above the foundation;
A step of connecting a stigma of the columnar body to build a wall-shaped ground core portion above the columnar body;
While building the ground core portion, a step of building a ground structure around the ground core portion,
While constructing the above-ground core portion, constructing an underground skeleton around the columnar body, a step of constructing the other portion of the underground core portion sequentially from below to construct the wall-shaped underground core portion,
How to build a building with. The columnar body is formed of precast concrete,
The underground core portion is formed by placing concrete between the adjacent columnar bodies,
The method for constructing a building according to claim 1. Adding the columnar body while constructing the ground core part,
The method for constructing a building according to claim 1 or 2.