JP6670399B2 - 連続重合装置および重合体の連続製造方法 - Google Patents
連続重合装置および重合体の連続製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6670399B2 JP6670399B2 JP2018558358A JP2018558358A JP6670399B2 JP 6670399 B2 JP6670399 B2 JP 6670399B2 JP 2018558358 A JP2018558358 A JP 2018558358A JP 2018558358 A JP2018558358 A JP 2018558358A JP 6670399 B2 JP6670399 B2 JP 6670399B2
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- RBJVSWUWSOJLNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiane 1,1-dioxide thiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(CCCCC1)=O.S1(=O)(=O)CCCC1 RBJVSWUWSOJLNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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Description
図1は、本発明に係る連続重合装置の一実施形態(以下、「実施形態1」という。)を示す部分断面図である。以下、図1に基づき、実施形態1の構成を説明する。
<連続重合装置>
実施形態1に係る連続重合装置100は、反応槽1a、1b、および1cの複数の反応槽を収容する収容室2を備えている。
<重合体の連続製造方法>
本製造方法は、気相を介して互いに連通する複数の反応槽の少なくとも1つに重合溶媒および反応原料を供給する供給工程と、前記重合溶媒中で重合反応を行って反応混合物を形成する重合工程と、前記複数の反応槽の気相部に存在する水の少なくとも一部を除去する脱水工程と、各反応槽に前記反応混合物を順次移動させる工程と、前記反応混合物に含まれる固体を沈降により分離するとともに、前記反応混合物の向流洗浄を行う工程と、を含み、前記各工程は並行して行われる。
続いて、連続重合装置の他の例について、図2を用いて説明する。図2は、連続重合装置の構成の他の例を概略的に示す図である。
さらに、連続重合装置の他の例について、図3を用いて説明する。図3は、連続重合装置の構成の他の例を概略的に示す図である。
続いて、本発明のさらに他の一実施形態について、詳細に説明する。
複数の反応槽を有する連続重合装置に、重合溶媒および反応原料を供給する工程と、
少なくとも一以上の前記反応槽において、前記重合溶媒中で重合反応を行うことにより、反応混合物を形成する工程と、
前記反応槽の気相部における水の少なくとも一部を、前記反応槽から除去する工程と、
各反応槽に、前記反応混合物を順次移動させる工程と、
前記反応混合物に含まれる固体を沈降により分離するとともに、向流洗浄を行う工程と、を並行して行うことを含み、
前記複数の反応槽の各気相部は互いに連通し、
さらに、前記固体が除去された反応混合物と、反応混合物中に含まれる重合体とは異なる重合体とを混合させる工程を含むことを特徴とする組成物の製造方法である。
本実施形態に係る連続重合装置は、複数の反応槽を有し、前記複数の反応槽は、反応混合物が各反応槽を順次移動するように構成されており、前記複数の反応槽は、前記反応混合物より上部に形成される気相部が互いに連通しており、前記反応混合物に含まれる固体を沈降により分離するとともに、向流洗浄を行う洗浄部を備えている。
少なくとも一以上の前記反応槽において、前記重合溶媒中で重合反応を行うことにより、反応混合物を形成する工程と、
前記反応槽の気相部における水の少なくとも一部を、前記反応槽から除去する工程と、
各反応槽に、前記反応混合物を順次移動させる工程と、
前記反応混合物に含まれる固体を沈降により分離するとともに、向流洗浄を行う工程と、を並行して行うことを含み、
前記複数の反応槽の各気相部は互いに連通している。
また、本実施形態に係る重合体の連続製造方法において、重合体を更に高分子量化させる分子鎖延長工程をさらに含むことが好ましい。
<PASの重量平均分子量測定方法>
PASの重量平均分子量(Mw)は、株式会社センシュー科学製の高温ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフ(GPC)SSC−7101を用いて、以下の条件で測定した。重量平均分子量はポリスチレン換算値として算出した。
溶媒: 1−クロロナフタレン、
温度: 210℃、
検出器: UV検出器(360nm)、
サンプル注入量: 200μl(濃度:0.05質量%)、
流速: 0.7mL/分、
標準ポリスチレン: 616,000、113,000、26,000、8,200、及び600の5種類の標準ポリスチレン。
PPSU、PESの重量平均分子量(Mw)は、日本分光製のゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフ(GPC)EXTREMAを用いて、以下の条件で測定した。重量平均分子量はポリスチレン換算値として算出した。
溶媒: LiBr 0.01MのNMP溶液、
温度: 40℃、
検出器: RI検出器、
サンプル注入量: 100μL(濃度:1mg/1mL)、
流速: 1.0mL/分、
標準ポリスチレン: 427,000、96,400、37,900、17,400、及び5,560の5種類の標準ポリスチレン。
収容室2が5枚の隔壁により仕切られて形成された6個の反応槽を有する以外は、図1に示すのと同様のPAS連続製造装置を用いた。このPAS連続製造装置は、隔壁が半円形であり、直径100mm×長さ300mmの寸法を有するTi製反応装置であった。上記PAS連続製造装置に、NMP950gを仕込んだ後、上流側から1番目の隔壁と2番目の隔壁とで区切られた部分の温度1を230℃、3番目の隔壁と4番目の隔壁とで区切られた部分の温度2を260℃に保持し、各供給ラインより定量ポンプを用いてNMP−パラジクロロベンゼン(pDCB)混合液4.61g/min(NMP:pDCB(重量比)=1317.4:342)、48重量%NaOH0.51g/min、45重量%NaSH0.76g/minの流量にて連続的に原料を供給した。同時にPAS連続製造装置に接続された蒸留装置を用いて、圧力調整弁によって圧力をゲージ圧0.32MPaに制御しながら、PAS連続製造装置より連続的に水を除去し、更に、除去した水中のpDCBについては静置槽で分離してPAS連続製造装置に戻した。また、蒸留装置からのガスは圧力調整弁の下流側で2kgのNMPに通じた後、更に、5質量%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液5kgに通じて硫化水素を完全に吸収・回収した後に排気した。
収容室が、10枚の円盤型仕切板により仕切られて形成された11個の反応槽を有する以外は、図3に示すのと同様の重合体連続製造装置を用いた。この重合体連続装置において、収容室は、内径108mm×長さ300mmの寸法を有するチタン製反応装置であった。10枚の仕切板はいずれも同一形状であり、径5mmの回転軸上に設けられた。それぞれの仕切板について、反応混合物の移動方向の上流側の面に、図3に示されるように、2枚のアンカー型撹拌翼を十字に設けた。仕切板の直径は100mmであり、アンカー型撹拌翼の長手軸方向の長さaは90mmであり、短手軸方向の長さbは40mmであった。仕切板を設けた位置において、収容室の内部空間の鉛直断面に対し、クリアランスの断面積が占める割合は、約14%であった。
収容室が5枚の隔壁により仕切られて形成された6個の反応槽を有する以外は、図1に示すのと同様の重合体連続製造装置を用いて重合反応を実施した。この重合体連続製造装置は、隔壁が半円形であり、内径108mm×長さ300mmの寸法を有するSUS製反応装置であった。
実施例3で使用した連続製造装置に、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)950gを仕込んだ後、窒素ガスを上流側から第5番目の隔壁の下流側より0.1NL/minの流量で流しながら、収容室2の底部に設置した外部ヒーターにより上流側から1番目の隔壁と2番目の隔壁で区切られた部分、すなわち上流側から第2番目の反応槽の温度1を200℃、上流側から第4番目の反応槽の温度2を210℃、上流側から第6番目の反応槽の温度3を210℃に保持した。
実施例3で使用した連続製造装置に、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)950gを仕込んだ後、窒素ガスを上流側から第5番目の隔壁の下流側より0.1NL/minの流量で流しながら、収容室の底部に設置した外部ヒーターにより上流側から1番目の隔壁と2番目の隔壁で区切られた部分、すなわち上流側から第2番目の反応槽の温度1を220℃、上流側から第5番目の反応槽の温度2を260℃、上流側から第6番目の反応槽の温度3を260℃に保持した。定常状態において、上流側から第1番目の反応槽の温度4は190℃、上流側から第4番目の反応槽の温度5は250℃であった。供給ラインより定量ポンプを用いてNMP、4,4’−ジフルオロベンゾフェノン(DFBP)、ハイドロキノン(HQ)及び炭酸カリウムを、6.4g/min(NMP:DFBP(重量比)=1202.57:160.00、DFBP:HQ(モル比)=1:1、HQ:炭酸カリウム(モル比)=1:1.1)の流量にてスターラーで撹拌しながら連続的に8時間原料を供給した。
PEEK0.1gおよび4−クロロフェノール10mLをオイルバスで180℃、20分間、加熱および撹拌して溶解させた。室温になるまで冷却したのち、該溶液3mLをo−ジクロロベンゼン7mLで希釈した。
35℃においてウベローデ粘度計で測定した。
溶媒の粘度(η0)を、オストワルド型粘度管を用いて測定した。調整した溶液の粘度(η)と溶媒の粘度(η0)から、比粘性率((η−η0)/η0)を求め、この比粘性率を、溶液の濃度(0.3g/dL)で割ることにより、還元粘度(dL/g)を求めた。
収容室が、9枚の円盤型仕切板により仕切られて形成された10個の反応槽を有する以外は、実施例2と同様の重合体連続製造装置を用いた。連続製造装置に、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)1500gを仕込んだ後、反応混合物の移動方向の上流側から数えて第10番目の反応槽の下流側から窒素ガスを流しながら、収容室の底部に設置した外部ヒーターにより、上流側から数えて第3番目の反応槽の温度1を210℃、第5番目の反応槽の温度2を240℃、第9番目の反応槽の温度3を260℃、第10番目の反応槽の温度4を260℃に保持した。ここで、窒素ガスの流量は1NL/minであり、標準状態において、仕切板のクリアランスを通過する窒素ガス線速度は8cm/sであった。
反応容器本体が、10枚の円盤型仕切板により仕切られて形成された11個の反応槽を有する以外は、実施例2と同様の重合体連続製造装置を用いた。重合体連続製造装置に、有機アミド溶媒としてN−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)1700gを仕込んだ後、反応混合物の移動方向の上流側から数えて第11番目の反応槽の下流側から窒素ガスを流しながら、収容室の底部に設置した外部ヒーターにより、上流側から数えて第2番目の反応槽の温度1を200℃、第5番目の反応槽の温度2を210℃に保持した。ここで、窒素ガスの流量は0.1NL/minであり、標準状態において、仕切板のクリアランスを通過する窒素ガス線速度は0.8cm/sであった。
2、22 収容室
3a,3b 側壁
4 供給ライン
5 洗浄部
6 静的な混合機構
7 反応処理物回収ライン
8a、8b 隔壁
9a、9b、9c 反応混合物
10a、10b、10c 撹拌翼
11 撹拌軸
12 回転駆動装置
13 排気ライン
14 脱水部
20a、20b 仕切板
21 回転軸
28 送気部
29 送気ライン
50 第1の反応槽
51 第2の反応槽
52 第3の反応槽
65 第1の配管
67 第2の配管
70 通気部
100、200、300 連続重合装置
Claims (18)
- 複数の反応槽を有する連続脱塩重縮合装置であって、
前記複数の反応槽は、反応混合物が各反応槽を順次移動するように構成されており、
前記複数の反応槽は、前記反応混合物より上部に形成される気相部が互いに連通しており、
前記反応混合物に含まれる固体を沈降により分離するとともに、向流洗浄を行う洗浄部を備えており、
前記固体が副生塩であることを特徴とする連続脱塩重縮合装置。 - 前記洗浄部は、前記反応混合物の移動方向の最下流に位置する前記反応槽またはその下流側に設けられている、請求項1に記載の連続脱塩重縮合装置。
- 前記洗浄部は、前記固体が沈降するとともに、沈降方向とは逆向きに洗浄液が供給される筒状構造部を有しており、
前記筒状構造部には、静的な混合機構が設けられている、請求項1または2に記載の連続脱塩重縮合装置。 - 前記静的な混合機構は、スタティックミキサーである、請求項3に記載の連続脱塩重縮合装置。
- 前記反応槽は、各反応槽が収容し得る液体の最大液面レベルの高い順番で接続されており、前記反応混合物は、液面レベルの高低差を利用して順次移動する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の連続脱塩重縮合装置。
- 収容室をさらに備えており、
前記複数の反応槽は、前記収容室内に収容されている、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の連続脱塩重縮合装置。 - 前記複数の反応槽のそれぞれは、収容室内の下部に1以上の隔壁を設けることによって形成された反応槽であり、
前記隔壁の高さによって、各反応槽が収容し得る液体の最大液面レベルが規定され、
前記反応槽は、各反応槽が収容し得る液体の最大液面レベルの高い順番で接続されており、
前記反応混合物は、液面レベルの高低差を利用して順次移動する、請求項6に記載の連続脱塩重縮合装置。 - 収容室をさらに備えており、前記複数の反応槽のそれぞれは、回転中心を有する1以上の仕切板を前記収容室内に設けることによって隔てられた反応槽である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の連続脱塩重縮合装置。
- 前記反応混合物中の重合体を高分子量化させる反応が行われる分子鎖延長部をさらに備える、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の連続脱塩重縮合装置。
- 前記分子鎖延長部が、重合反応槽、押出機および加熱処理器から選ばれる少なくとも一つである、請求項9に記載の連続脱塩重縮合装置。
- 重合体の連続製造方法であって、
複数の反応槽を有する連続脱塩重縮合装置に、重合溶媒および反応原料を供給する工程と、
少なくとも一以上の前記反応槽において、前記重合溶媒中で脱塩重縮合反応を行うことにより、反応混合物を形成する工程と、
前記反応槽の気相部における水の少なくとも一部を、前記反応槽から除去する工程と、
各反応槽に、前記反応混合物を順次移動させる工程と、
前記反応混合物に含まれる固体を沈降により分離するとともに、向流洗浄を行う工程と、を並行して行うことを含み、
前記複数の反応槽の各気相部は互いに連通し、
前記固体は、前記脱塩重縮合反応により生じた塩であることを特徴とする重合体の連続製造方法。 - 前記反応混合物の移動方向の最下流に位置する前記反応槽に到達した前記反応混合物において、前記固体の分離および前記向流洗浄を行う、請求項11に記載の重合体の連続製造方法。
- 重合体を更に高分子量化させる分子鎖延長工程をさらに含む、請求項11または12に記載の重合体の連続製造方法。
- 請求項11〜13のいずれか1項に記載の重合体の連続製造方法を含む重合体液の製造方法。
- 重合体の質量に対し、0.1〜5質量%の脱塩重縮合反応により生じた塩を含む、請求項14に記載の重合体液の製造方法。
- 請求項14または15に記載の重合体液の製造方法を含む、組成物の製造方法であって、
前記組成物は、前記重合体液と、前記重合体液に含まれる重合体とは異なる重合体と、を含む、組成物の製造方法。 - 前記組成物はさらに、繊維充填剤、無機充填剤、顔料、滑剤、酸化防止剤、安定化剤、界面活性剤、および流動性改良剤からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つの添加剤を含む、請求項16に記載の組成物の製造方法。
- 複数の重合体を含む組成物の製造方法であって、
複数の反応槽を有する連続脱塩重縮合装置に、重合溶媒および反応原料を供給する工程と、
少なくとも一以上の前記反応槽において、前記重合溶媒中で脱塩重縮合反応を行うことにより、反応混合物を形成する工程と、
前記反応槽の気相部における水の少なくとも一部を、前記反応槽から除去する工程と、
各反応槽に、前記反応混合物を順次移動させる工程と、
前記反応混合物に含まれる固体を沈降により分離するとともに、向流洗浄を行う工程と、を並行して行うことを含み、
前記複数の反応槽の各気相部は互いに連通し、
さらに、前記固体が除去された反応混合物と、反応混合物中に含まれる重合体とは異なる重合体とを混合させる工程を含み、
前記固体が副生塩であることを特徴とする組成物の製造方法。
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