JP6651216B2 - Buildings with log-bearing wall construction - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building using a log-bearing wall construction method, and more particularly to a building using a new log-bearing wall construction method combining a frame structure and a log wall in which log materials are horizontally stacked.

  In recent years, conifers that have been planted in large quantities immediately after World War II in various parts of Japan have reached the cutting season, and the effective use of domestic timber has become an issue. As a construction method that can use a large amount of wood, the log construction method is drawing attention. The log group construction method is a method of providing walls (log walls) by horizontally stacking wood (log materials) such as logs and lumber, and is a popular construction method in villas and the like as a so-called log house construction method. .

By the way, in a log-structured building, after completion, a phenomenon called settling, in which the log wall sinks over time, occurs. The causes of settling are:
(1) Shrinkage of the log material due to drying of the log material (2) Compression of the log material due to the load applied to the log wall by the roof and beam (3) Compression of the log material by the weight of the log wall formed by stacking the log materials Is mentioned.

  Among the above three causes of settling, (1) “shrinkage of log material due to drying of log material” can be avoided by sufficiently drying the log material to be used in advance. However, the other two causes are inevitable in the log construction method. For this reason, in a building using the log-frame construction method, it is necessary to provide a settling space above the window frame and the door frame, assuming settling.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 below discloses a log house-like building in which log materials are stacked on an outer wall portion of a framed structure. In this log house-like building, since the load of the roof and the beam of the building is supported by the pillars of the frame structure, (2) “the log wall is the roof and the beam” Compression of the log material due to receiving the load of "1" can be avoided.

JP-A-5-79097

  However, also in the log house-like building described in Patent Document 1, among the causes of the above-mentioned three settlings, (3) “compression of log material by its own weight of a log wall configured by stacking log materials” is described. It cannot be avoided. For this reason, even in this log house-like building, the support of the window frame or the door frame is obtained from the support, on the assumption that settling occurs. In addition, in the case of a multi-layer structure such as a two-story building or a three-story building, the log materials are stacked higher, and it is considered that the influence of the compression of the log materials due to the weight of the log wall is further increased.

  6 and 7 of Patent Document 1 show a structure in which a column and a part of an outer wall are connected by a bolt or the like. However, with this structure, the log material only reinforces this against the load in the lateral direction of the column and plays the role of bracing, and simply connecting a part of the outer wall to the column with bolts etc. It is difficult to support the load on the outer wall. In addition, in this structure, the pillars and the outer wall are separated so as to provide an earth wall between them, so that a large moment is applied to the bolts or the like to support the load on the outer wall with the bolts or the like. is there.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a building having a log house-like appearance and capable of suppressing the occurrence of settling due to its own weight of a log wall configured by stacking log materials. It is intended to be.

The building by the log-bearing wall construction method of the present invention is a wooden frame structure composed of a plurality of columns and beams connecting the columns, and a log material is horizontally placed outside the frame structure. A log group load-bearing wall structure comprising a stacked first log wall; and each of the log materials constituting the first log wall is supported by the plurality of columns facing the first log wall. Wherein each of the log members is connected to the plurality of pillars by a connecting member, wherein the connecting member penetrates the pillar from inside the wooden frame structure, and does not penetrate the log material. I have.

Thus, according to the building of the present invention, by connecting each log material constituting the first log wall to the plurality of pillars facing the first log wall by the connecting member, the log material is formed by the plurality of pillars. Supported. As a result, the load of each log material constituting the first log wall is transmitted to the plurality of columns, and as a result, the load of the log material stacked above the log material, which is applied to each log material, is greatly reduced. Can be reduced. For this reason, compression of the log material due to its own weight of the stacked log material can be reduced, and settling can be suppressed.
This can reduce the time and effort for maintenance for settling, and can also eliminate the complexity of the set-up work for settling in the conventional log construction method.

  In addition, the building of the present invention has a wooden frame structure while having the same appearance as the exterior design of a log house using log materials on the outer wall. Structural analysis can be performed by adopting various design routes in the frame construction method. Further, since the wooden frame structure can be used together with the bracing, it is possible to secure a high wall magnification by providing another load-bearing element such as a bracing, and to perform a structural analysis in the frame construction method.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the building by the log group load-bearing wall construction method of this invention, while having a log-house-like external appearance, generation | occurrence | production of settling by the weight of log material can be suppressed.

It is a partial perspective view of the building by the log group load-bearing wall construction method by 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the log-bearing wall shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of a first modification of the first embodiment. It is a partial perspective view of the modification 2 of 1st Embodiment. It is a partial perspective view of the building by the log group load bearing wall construction method by a 2nd embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a building by a log-assisted load bearing wall method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(1st Embodiment)
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, a log-bearing wall structure 100 of a building by the log-bearing wall construction method of the present embodiment includes a wooden frame structure 1 and a log wall 2. The wooden frame structure 1 is composed of a plurality of 120 mm square pillars 10 and a beam 11 having a thickness of 120 mm and a width of 300 mm connecting the pillars 10. The pillars 10 are arranged so that the maximum interval is 6 m or less. It is preferable that the maximum interval between the columns 10 be 6 m or less, since the load of each log material 20 can be sufficiently supported by the columns 10.

  The log wall 2 is composed of log materials 20 stacked horizontally adjacent to the outside of the wooden frame structure 1, and a notch is formed at the intersection of the log materials 20 so as to engage with the upper and lower log materials 20. Have been. The log member 20 is a 150 mm square machine-cut square member, and the upper and lower surfaces of the log member 20 that are in contact with the upper and lower log members 20 are formed with fitting unevenness. The vertically stacked log members 20 are connected to each other by, for example, a steel dowel 21 having a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 230 mm (or a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 290 mm). As shown in FIG. 2, each steel dowel 21 penetrates one log member 20 and extends to near the center of the lower log member 20. Further, instead of the steel dowel 21, a coach bolt may be used.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, each of the log members 20 constituting the log wall 2 is connected to the plurality of columns 10 by the structural long screws 3 which are connecting members. As shown in FIG. 1, the log member 20 facing the beam 11 is also connected to the beam 11 by the long structural screw 3. The structural long screw 3 is, for example, made of steel having a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 230 mm, and is inserted into the log material 20 through the column 10 and does not penetrate the log material 20 as shown in FIG. . This not only improves the aesthetics of the building, but also eliminates the risk of rainwater infiltrating through the hole through which the structural long screw 3 penetrated the log material 20.
The structural long screw 3 extends through the pillar 10 to the inside of the log material 20, and is not limited to the above dimensions as long as it is sufficient to support each log material 20. Those having a length of 10 mm and a length of 290 mm may be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the structural long screw 3 penetrates the column 10 and extends to the vicinity of the center of the log material 20. However, the structural long screw 3 may pass through the vicinity of the center and extend further to the back.

  As described above, since each log material 20 constituting the log wall 2 is connected to the plurality of columns 10 adjacent to the log wall 2 or to the column 10 and the beam 11, the load of each log material 20 is directly ( Or via a beam 11). As a result, the load of the log materials 20 stacked on the log materials 20 and applied to the log materials 20 is significantly reduced. For this reason, the compression of the log material 20 due to its own weight of the log wall 2 composed of the stacked log materials 20 is reduced, and the occurrence of settling can be suppressed. This can reduce the time and effort for maintenance for settling, and can also eliminate the complexity of the installation work for settling in the conventional log construction method.

  In addition, since the building of the present embodiment has the same appearance as the exterior design of the log house using the log material 20 on the outer wall, but has the wooden frame structure 1, the allowable stress degree design method is adopted. Structural analysis can be performed by adopting various design routes in the frame construction method such as Further, since the wooden frame structure 1 can be used together with the bracing, it is also possible to secure the high wall magnification by providing the bracing, and to perform the structural analysis in the frame construction method.

  Further, since each log material 20 constituting the log wall 2 is supported by the column 10 of the wooden frame structure 1, the log wall 2 does not need to be supported by the foundation 4 or the base. For this reason, the log material 20 at the bottom of the log wall 2 may or may not be connected to the foundation 4 or the base.

  The cross-sectional shape of the log material 20 may be any shape that can be stacked horizontally, such as a log (round log), a D log, a square log (square log), or a rectangular log. In addition, the log material 20 may be a solid material, a laminated material, a laminated material, or a cross laminated timber (CLT). Further, the length of the log material 20 is preferably longer than the interval between the columns 10.

  The thickness of the log material 20 in the horizontal direction is preferably in the range of 80 mm to 150 mm. When the thickness of the log material is 80 mm or more (more preferably, 113 mm or more), when the log material 20 is exposed to a flame, only the surface of the log material 20 is carbonized, and the spread of fire to the inside of the log material 20 is delayed. be able to. If the thickness of the log material is 150 mm or less, the log material 20 can be sufficiently supported by the column 10 of the wooden frame structure 1 by a connecting member such as the structural long screw 3.

Sectional area of the log material 20 ^is preferably in the range of 80cm ² ~450cm 2. If the cross-sectional area of the log material 20 is 80 cm ² , when the log material 20 is exposed to a flame, only the surface of the log material 20 is carbonized, and the spread of the fire to the inside of the log material 20 can be delayed. If the log material 20 is 450 cm ² or less, the log material 20 can be sufficiently supported by the column 10 of the wooden frame structure 1 by a connecting member such as the structural long screw 3.

(Modification 1)
Next, a first modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the first embodiment, the example of the log wall 2 in which the log materials 20 each having the notch formed so as to mesh with the upper and lower log materials 20 at the crossing portion of the girder has been described. Since the log members 20 are supported by the columns 10 of the wooden frame structure 1, the intersections of the log materials 20 do not have to be assembled in a cross-girder shape.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in Modification 1, a tenon 20b is formed at the end of the log member 20, and the tenon 20b is combined at the intersection. As described above, since it is not necessary to form the intersections of the log materials 20 in a cross-girder shape, it is possible to expand the options of the exterior design of the building.

(Modification 2)
Next, a second modification of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the second modification, the edge of the log material 20 is cut off diagonally to form a cleave 20 c, and the cleave 20 c abuts at the intersection. As described above, since it is not necessary to form the intersections of the log materials 20 in a cross-girder shape, it is possible to expand the options of the exterior design of the building.

(2nd Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The building by the log-assisted load-bearing wall method of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the log-assisted load-bearing wall 100 and the ramen structure 5 described in the first embodiment are combined.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the building of this embodiment has a wooden frame structure 5a composed of a wooden frame structure 1a arranged on the left side of the drawing and a column member 50 and a beam member 51 arranged on the right side of the drawing. And The wooden ramen structure 5 is oriented in a direction orthogonal to the orientation direction of the wooden frame structure 1a. That is, the direction along the ramen frame of the wooden frame structure 5 and the direction along the wooden frame structure 1a are orthogonal to each other in the horizontal plane.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the wooden frame structure 1a includes a column 10 having a cross section of 120 mm square and a beam 11 having a cross section of 120 mm x 300 mm connecting the columns 10. On the other hand, the wooden ramen structure 5 is composed of a pillar member 50 in which two members having a cross section of 120 mm × 360 mm are arranged and a beam member 51 in which two members having a cross section of 120 mm × 420 mm (preferably, 120 mm × 450 mm) are arranged. It is configured. The column 10 of the wooden frame structure 1a and the column member 50 of the wooden frame structure 5 are connected by the structural long screw 3.

  Outside the wooden frame structure 1, a first log wall 2a formed by horizontally stacking log materials 20 is formed, and the wooden frame structure 1 and the first log wall 2a form a log-bearing wall 100a. . And each log material 20 which comprises the 1st log wall 2a is connected to the pillar 10 of the wooden frame structure 1 by the structural long screw 3. Thereby, similarly to the first embodiment, each log material 20 of the first log wall 2a is supported by the pillar 10, and as a result, the log material 20 of the first log wall 2a is compressed by the weight of the first log wall 2a. Can be suppressed.

  On the other hand, outside the wooden ramen structure 5, a second log wall 2b in which the log materials 20 are horizontally stacked is formed. And each log material 20 which comprises the 2nd log wall 2b is connected with the column member 50 of the wooden frame structure 5 by the long screw 3 for a structure. Thereby, each log material 20 of the second log wall 2b is supported by the column member 50, and as a result, the compression of the log material 20 of the second log wall 2b due to the weight of the second log wall 2b can be suppressed.

  The log material 20 of the second log wall 2b does not need to be connected to the column member 50 of the wooden frame structure 5. In that case, the load of the log material 20 of the second log wall 2b is transmitted to the column 10 of the wooden frame structure 1a via the log material 20 of the first log wall 2a assembled in a cross-girder shape.

  The log members 20 forming the first log wall 2a are connected by a steel dowel 21. Accordingly, it is expected that the log-structured mass wall 100a in which the wooden frame structure 1a and the first log wall 2a are combined has a tenacious structure in which the horizontal strength is the ultimate strength.

  On the other hand, the log materials 20 constituting the second log wall 2b are not connected by a dowel. For this reason, the horizontal strength of the wooden frame structure 5 and the second log wall 2b in the direction along the wooden frame structure 5 is not overlapped. Thereby, the balance between the strength of the wooden ramen structure 5 and the strength of the log-bearing wall 100a can be maintained.

  In addition, the wooden frame structure is a construction method that enables a large span to be designed. However, the structural analysis of the plane mixed structure of the wooden frame structure method and the conventional log braiding method had to be performed by the critical strength calculation route. On the other hand, in the building of this embodiment having a structure in which the wooden ramen method and the wooden log-frame load-bearing wall method in this embodiment are combined, various design routes in the frame construction method including the allowable stress design method are used. And the structural analysis can be easily performed.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention. In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the structural long screw is used as the connecting member has been described. However, the connecting member may be any structural long as long as the log material can be connected to the pillar so that the log material is supported by the pillar. It is not limited to a screw, and for example, a coach bolt requiring a leading hole may be used as the connecting member.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a Wooden frame structure 2 Log wall 2a 1st log wall 2b 2nd log wall 3 Structural long screw 4 Foundation 5 Wooden ramen structure 10 Column 11 Beam 20 Log material 20a Notch 20b Mortice 20c Kiguchi 21 Steel dowel 50 column Member 51 Beam member 100, 100a Log bearing wall

Claims (7)

A wooden frame structure composed of a plurality of columns and beams connecting the columns,
And a first log wall in which log materials are horizontally stacked adjacent to the outside of the wooden frame structure, and
Each of the log materials is connected to the plurality of pillars by a connecting member so that each of the log materials constituting the first log wall is supported by the plurality of pillars ,
The building according to the log-assisted load-bearing wall method , wherein the connecting member penetrates the pillar from inside the wooden frame structure and does not penetrate the log material . The building according to claim 1, wherein the log material facing the beam is connected to the beam by a connecting member. The maximum interval between the plurality of columns of the wooden frame structure is 6 m or less.
The building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the building is constructed by a load-bearing wall construction method. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a thickness of the log material is in a range of 80 mm to 150 mm. Wherein the cross-sectional area of the log material is in the range of 80cm ² ~450cm ^2, building by log sets Strength wall method according to any one of claims 1-4. A wooden ramen structure composed of column members and beam members,
A second log wall in which log materials are horizontally stacked outside the wooden ramen structure;
The wooden ramen structure is oriented in a direction orthogonal to an orientation direction of the wooden frame structure,
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the column of the wooden frame structure and the column member of the wooden frame structure are connected to each other. object. Each of the log materials is connected to the column member by a connection member so that each of the log materials constituting the second log wall is supported by the column member facing the second log wall. The building according to claim 6 , characterized by a log-bearing load-bearing wall method.

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