JP6649550B2 - Oil-water soil particle separation and removal equipment - Google Patents
Oil-water soil particle separation and removal equipment Download PDFInfo
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- JP6649550B2 JP6649550B2 JP2015250786A JP2015250786A JP6649550B2 JP 6649550 B2 JP6649550 B2 JP 6649550B2 JP 2015250786 A JP2015250786 A JP 2015250786A JP 2015250786 A JP2015250786 A JP 2015250786A JP 6649550 B2 JP6649550 B2 JP 6649550B2
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 110
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 67
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 51
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 49
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、油水土粒子分離除去装置に関する。より具体的には、ファーストフラッシュ現象による油、土粒子等の汚濁物質を水から除去することのできる分離除去装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating and removing oil-water soil particles. More specifically, the present invention relates to a separation and removal apparatus capable of removing pollutants such as oil and soil particles due to a first flash phenomenon from water.
近年、水循環基本法及び雨水利用促進法が施行され、更に、これに基づき水循環基本計画が策定され、土壌浸透手法による雨水流出抑制施設、雨水利用施設の設置が必要となってきている。 In recent years, the Basic Law on Water Cycle and the Law on Promotion of Rainwater Utilization have been enforced, and based on this, the Basic Plan on Water Cycle has been formulated.
現在のところ、上記除去方法は、フィルターや、メッシュの細かな金網等を用いた除去方法がとられている。例えば下記特許文献１には、雨水に含まれる夾雑物を除去しようとする技術が開示されている。 At present, the above-mentioned removal method is a removal method using a filter, a fine wire mesh or the like. For example, Patent Literature 1 below discloses a technique for removing impurities included in rainwater.
しかしながら、上記特許文献１に記載の技術では、シルト粒子（土粒子）や、油脂分（油）が付着すると目詰りを起こし、実際、フィルター交換を怠ると濃度の高くなった油脂分が施設に流入し、精度の高い除去方法とはいえないといった課題がある。 However, in the technology described in Patent Document 1, clogging occurs when silt particles (soil particles) or fats and oils (oil) adhere, and if the filter is not replaced, the fats and oils having a high concentration are actually supplied to the facility. There is a problem in that it flows in and cannot be said to be a highly accurate removal method.
特に、上記雨水流出抑制施設、雨水利用施設では、初期降雨時、水質汚濁物質（油、土粒子等）量がピークとなるいわゆるファーストフラッシュ現象が環境汚染に大きな影響を及ぼすため最も深刻であり、これに対応できるよう水質汚染物質を除去する必要がある。 In particular, in the above-mentioned rainwater runoff control facilities and rainwater utilization facilities, the so-called first flash phenomenon, in which the amount of water pollutants (oil, soil particles, etc.) peaks during the initial rainfall, has the greatest effect on environmental pollution, and is most serious. It is necessary to remove water pollutants to cope with this.
そこで本発明は上記課題に鑑み、いわゆるファーストフラッシュ現象にも対応することができる信頼性の高い油水土粒子分離除去装置を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable oil-water soil particle separation / removal apparatus capable of coping with a so-called first flash phenomenon.
本発明者は、上記課題について鋭意検討を行ったところ、外容器と内容器に分離し、更に内容器を少なくとも四つの分離槽に区分けを行い、そのそれぞれにおいて多孔板を設けることで、上記課題を解決することができる点に着目し、本発明を完成させるに至った。 The inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive studies on the above problems, and separated the outer container into an inner container, further divided the inner container into at least four separation tanks, and provided a perforated plate in each of the tanks. The present invention has been completed by paying attention to the point that can be solved.
すなわち、本発明の第一の観点に係る油水土粒子分離除去装置は、外容器と、外容器内に配置される内容器と、を備えたものであって、内容器は、第一の分離槽、第二の分離槽、第三の分離槽、及び第四の分離槽を備え、第一の分離槽は、外部からの汚濁水を流入させる流入部と、傾斜面を有する第一の多孔板と、多孔板の下に配置される第二の多孔板と、第二の多孔板より下に形成される第一の貫通部と、を備え、第二の分離槽は、第三の多孔板と、前記第三の多孔板の上に間隙を置いて配置される第四の多孔板と、第四の多孔板の上に形成される第二の貫通部と、を備え、第三の分離槽は、第二の貫通部の下に形成される第五の多孔板と、第五の多孔板の下側に間隙を置いて配置される第六の多孔板と、第六の多孔板の下に形成される第三の貫通部と、を備え、第四の分離槽は、第三の貫通部の上に形成される第七の多孔板と、第七の多孔板の上側に形成される第四の貫通部と、を備え、外容器は、第四の貫通部よりも下側に形成され、外部に油及び土粒子が除去された浄化水を排出する排出部と、を備えている。 That is, the oil and water soil particle separation and removal device according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an outer container and an inner container arranged in the outer container, and the inner container is provided with the first separation device. Tank, a second separation tank, a third separation tank, and a fourth separation tank, the first separation tank has an inflow portion for flowing in polluted water from the outside, and a first porous having an inclined surface. Plate, a second perforated plate disposed below the perforated plate, and a first through portion formed below the second perforated plate, the second separation tank, the third perforated plate A plate, a fourth perforated plate arranged with a gap above the third perforated plate, and a second through-hole formed on the fourth perforated plate, The separation tank has a fifth perforated plate formed below the second penetrating portion, a sixth perforated plate arranged with a gap below the fifth perforated plate, and a sixth perforated plate. The number formed under The fourth separation tank is provided with a seventh perforated plate formed on the third perforated plate, and a fourth perforated portion formed on the upper side of the seventh perforated plate. The outer container has a discharge portion formed below the fourth penetrating portion to discharge purified water from which oil and soil particles have been removed to the outside.
以上、本発明によって、いわゆるファーストフラッシュ現象にも対応することができる信頼性の高い油水土粒子分離除去装置を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a highly reliable oil / water soil particle separation / removal apparatus that can cope with the so-called first flash phenomenon.
以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を用いて詳細に説明する。ただし、本発明は多くの異なる形態による実施が可能であり、以下に示す実施形態の例示に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited to the following embodiments.
図１は、本実施形態に係る油水土粒子分離除去装置（以下「本装置」という。）１の上面から見た場合の概略を示す図であり、図２は、断面における概略を示す図である。なお図２は、第一乃至第四の分離槽の接続をわかりやすくするため、図中の点曲線Ａ−Ａ’に沿った断面図である。 FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating the oil-water soil particle separation / removal device (hereinafter, referred to as “the present device”) 1 according to the present embodiment as viewed from above, and FIG. is there. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a dotted curve A-A 'in the figure for easy connection of the first to fourth separation tanks.
これらの図で示すように、まず、本装置１は、外容器２と、外容器１内に配置される内容器３と、を備えている。 As shown in these drawings, first, the present device 1 includes an outer container 2 and an inner container 3 arranged in the outer container 1.
本装置１における外容器２は、土中に埋設される容器であって、底部２１１を備えた筒状部２１と、この筒状部２１の上に設けられる蓋部２２と、を備えて構成されており、この内部に、浸透水槽となる空間２３を有しつつ内容器３を配置する。 The outer container 2 in the present apparatus 1 is a container buried in the soil, and includes a cylindrical portion 21 having a bottom portion 211 and a lid portion 22 provided on the cylindrical portion 21. The inner container 3 is disposed inside the container while having a space 23 serving as an infiltration water tank.
また本装置１の外容器２の筒状部２１においては、外側から雨水を流入させるための入口２１２、外側に水を排出させるための出口２１３、浄化水を排出する排出部２１４を備えている。 In addition, the cylindrical portion 21 of the outer container 2 of the present apparatus 1 includes an inlet 212 for allowing rainwater to flow in from the outside, an outlet 213 for discharging water to the outside, and a discharging portion 214 for discharging purified water. .
また本装置１において入口２１２には、後述の記載から明らかとなるが、内容器３に雨水を流入させるための流入管が貫通して配置されており、雨水は内容器３に直接流入される。 As will be clear from the description below, the inlet 212 of the present apparatus 1 is provided with an inflow pipe through which rainwater flows into the inner container 3, and the rainwater flows directly into the inner container 3. .
また本装置１において、浄化水を排出する排出部２１４は、内容器によって浄化された浄化水を後段の貯留浸透施設に排出させる部分であり、より具体的な構成としては貫通孔を有する構成となっている。 Further, in the present apparatus 1, the discharge unit 214 for discharging purified water is a part for discharging purified water purified by the inner container to a storage and infiltration facility at a later stage, and more specifically, a configuration having a through-hole. Has become.
また本装置１において、出口２１３は、上記排出部２１４よりも高い位置に備えられており、上記排出部２１４と同様、内容器によって浄化された浄化水を外容器外部に排出させるものではあるが、後段の貯留浸透施設への供給速度が許容範囲を超えた場合、強制的に外部に排出させるための部分である。この具体的な構成としては、貫通孔であって、この貫通孔が更に排出管に接続されていることが好ましい。 Further, in the present apparatus 1, the outlet 213 is provided at a position higher than the discharge part 214, and discharges purified water purified by the inner container to the outside of the outer container, similarly to the discharge part 214. This is a part for forcibly discharging to the outside when the supply speed to the storage and infiltration facility in the latter stage exceeds the allowable range. The specific configuration is preferably a through hole, and the through hole is preferably further connected to a discharge pipe.
また本装置１において、内容器３は、上記のとおり、外容器２内に設けられるものであり、筒状部材と、蓋部材とを備え、この内部に空間が形成されており、この空間が、仕切板によって少なくとも４つの空間に仕切られている。なお、この結果、内容器３は、第一の分離槽３１、第二の分離槽３２、第三の分離槽３３、及び第四の分離槽３４を備えている。 Further, in the present apparatus 1, the inner container 3 is provided in the outer container 2 as described above, includes a tubular member and a lid member, and a space is formed therein, and this space is And at least four spaces by a partition plate. As a result, the inner container 3 includes a first separation tank 31, a second separation tank 32, a third separation tank 33, and a fourth separation tank.
まず内容器３の第一の分離槽３１は、外部からの汚濁水を流入させる流入部３１１と、傾斜面を有する第一の多孔板３１２と、多孔板の下に配置される第二の多孔板３１３と、第二の多孔板より下に形成される第一の貫通部３１４と、を備えている。 First, the first separation tank 31 of the inner container 3 includes an inflow portion 311 into which polluted water from the outside flows, a first perforated plate 312 having an inclined surface, and a second perforated plate disposed below the perforated plate. It has a plate 313 and a first penetration portion 314 formed below the second perforated plate.
流入部３１１は、上記のとおり、外部からの汚濁水を流入させる部位であって、上記の記載からも明らかなとおり、外容器２の入口２１２を貫通する流入管に接続されており、流入部３１１から第一の分離槽３１に汚濁水が流入することとなる。 As described above, the inflow portion 311 is a portion through which the contaminated water flows from the outside, and as is clear from the above description, is connected to the inflow pipe penetrating the inlet 212 of the outer container 2. The polluted water flows from 311 into the first separation tank 31.
また第一の多孔板３１２は、上記のとおり、傾斜面を有して構成される多孔板である。ここで「多孔板」とは、多数の貫通孔が形成された板であって、その孔径は適宜調整可能であるが、第一の多孔板３１２の径としては、例えば１ｍｍ以上１０ｍｍ以下の範囲であることが好ましい。また、第一の多孔板の材質としては、水を保持することができる限りにおいて限定されず、例えば金属（この場合は例えばパンチングメタル）、樹脂等を採用することができる。第一の多孔板３１２は、傾斜面を備えており、これが第一の分離槽３１の中央近傍を取り囲むよう（すり鉢状）に形成されている。汚濁水は、まず、この傾斜面で囲まれる領域に供給されることになる。この結果、油や土粒子等が混入した汚濁水は、この領域で対流を起こし、結果的に攪拌されることとなる。 The first perforated plate 312 is a perforated plate configured to have an inclined surface as described above. Here, the “perforated plate” is a plate in which a large number of through holes are formed, and the hole diameter thereof can be appropriately adjusted. It is preferred that The material of the first perforated plate is not limited as long as it can hold water, and for example, a metal (in this case, for example, a punching metal), a resin, or the like can be used. The first perforated plate 312 has an inclined surface, which is formed so as to surround the vicinity of the center of the first separation tank 31 (mortar shape). The polluted water is first supplied to the area surrounded by the slope. As a result, the polluted water mixed with oil, soil particles, and the like causes convection in this region, and is consequently agitated.
また第一の多孔板３１２において、多孔板３１２における貫通孔３１２１は、内側から外側に行くに従い孔の位置が高くなっていること、より具体的には、内側の貫通孔の上端が外側の貫通孔の下端以下となっていることが好ましい。このようにすることで油、土粒子をこの多孔板３１２の中央近傍の領域に効率的に留め置くことが可能となる。より具体的には、油が付着した土粒子は水よりも軽い場合が多く、水面近傍に滞留することが多い。そのため、上記のように孔の位置を工夫することで、多孔板３１２の内側に油、土粒子がより多く滞留するようにする。 Further, in the first perforated plate 312, the position of the through hole 3121 in the perforated plate 312 is higher as going from the inside to the outside, and more specifically, the upper end of the inside through hole is connected to the outside through hole. It is preferably below the lower end of the hole. In this way, oil and soil particles can be efficiently retained in a region near the center of the perforated plate 312. More specifically, the soil particles to which the oil is attached are often lighter than water, and often stay near the water surface. Therefore, by devising the positions of the holes as described above, more oil and soil particles stay inside the perforated plate 312.
また第一の分離槽３１において、第二の多孔板３１３は、上記のとおり、第一の多孔板３１２の下に配置されるものである。第二の多孔板３１３によって、第一の多孔板３１２によってろ過された水を更にろ過することができる。また、第二の多孔板３１３を設けることで、第一の多孔板３１２によって激しく行われる対流による水の「暴れ」を抑えることができるようになる。なお第二の多孔板３１３は、水平面に対し略平行な方向となるよう配置されていることが好ましい。なお第二の多孔板の孔径としては、特に限定されるわけではないが、上記第一の多孔板３１２の孔径と同様の範囲を採用することができる。 In the first separation tank 31, the second perforated plate 313 is disposed below the first perforated plate 312 as described above. The water filtered by the first perforated plate 312 can be further filtered by the second perforated plate 313. In addition, by providing the second perforated plate 313, it is possible to suppress the “runaway” of water due to convection that is violently performed by the first perforated plate 312. Note that the second perforated plate 313 is preferably disposed so as to be in a direction substantially parallel to a horizontal plane. Although the hole diameter of the second porous plate is not particularly limited, the same range as the hole diameter of the first porous plate 312 can be adopted.
なお、本図では、第一の多孔板３１２の多孔板の底部と第二の多孔板３１３とは重複して設けられているが、これらは共通の部分を備えて一体として構成されていてもよい。 In this figure, the bottom of the perforated plate of the first perforated plate 312 and the second perforated plate 313 are provided so as to be overlapped with each other. Good.
また上記のとおり、第一の分離槽３１では、第二の多孔板より下に形成される第一の貫通部３１４を備えている。第一の貫通部３１４は、第一の分離槽３１と第二の分離槽３２を仕切る仕切板３１５に形成されている。 As described above, the first separation tank 31 includes the first penetration portion 314 formed below the second perforated plate. The first penetration part 314 is formed on a partition plate 315 that partitions the first separation tank 31 and the second separation tank 32.
第一の貫通部３１４の具体的な構成については、限定されるわけではないが、貫通孔を備えていることはもちろんであるが、第一の分離槽側の入口の高さが第二の分離槽側の出口の高さよりも低くなるよう形成されていることが好ましい。このようにすることで、油や土粒子が第一の分離槽側に滞留することを促す効果がある。なお、この貫通部３１４の構成としては、特に限定されるわけではないが、例えば図３で示すように、いわゆるパイプダクトを採用することが好ましい。 The specific configuration of the first through portion 314 is not limited, but it is obvious that the first through portion 314 is provided with a through hole, but the height of the inlet on the first separation tank side is the second height. It is preferable that it is formed to be lower than the height of the outlet on the separation tank side. This has the effect of promoting the retention of oil and soil particles on the first separation tank side. The configuration of the penetrating portion 314 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to employ a so-called pipe duct, for example, as shown in FIG.
また内容器３の第二の分離槽３２は、上記のとおり、第一の貫通部３１４の上側に配置される第三の多孔板３２１と、第三の多孔板３２１の上に間隙を置いて配置される第四の多孔板３２２と、第四の多孔板の上に形成される第二の貫通部３２３と、を備えている。また本実施形態では、更に、第三の多孔板３２１と第四の多孔板３２２の間にろ過材３２４を備えている。 Further, as described above, the second separation tank 32 of the inner container 3 is provided with a third perforated plate 321 disposed above the first through portion 314 and a gap on the third perforated plate 321. A fourth perforated plate 322 is provided, and a second penetrating portion 323 formed on the fourth perforated plate is provided. In the present embodiment, a filter 324 is further provided between the third perforated plate 321 and the fourth perforated plate 322.
まず、第二の分離槽３２は、上記の記載から明らかなとおり、第一の貫通部３１４によって第一の分離槽３１と接続されている。 First, as is clear from the above description, the second separation tank 32 is connected to the first separation tank 31 by the first penetration portion 314.
そして、第二の分離槽３２の第三の多孔板３２１は、上記第二の多孔板３１３と同様の構成を採用することができ、その径も同様のものを採用することができる。この板の面も上記と同様、水平面に略平行であることが好ましい。 The third perforated plate 321 of the second separation tank 32 can have the same configuration as the second perforated plate 313, and can have the same diameter. The surface of this plate is also preferably substantially parallel to the horizontal plane, as described above.
また、第二の分離槽３２の第四の多孔板３２２は、上記第三の多孔板３２１と同様の構成を採用することができる。このようにすることで、より水の流れを乱流から静流に近い状態に確保することができる。
Further, the fourth perforated plate 322 of the second separation tank 32, Ru can adopt the same configuration as the third porous plate 321. By doing so, the flow of water can be ensured from a turbulent flow to a state close to a static flow.
ところで、本図の例では、上記のとおり、第三の多孔板３２１と第四の多孔板３２２の間にろ過材３２４を備えている。ろ過材３２４を配置することで、第一の分離槽３１において取りきれていない油や土粒子を捕獲することができる。 By the way, in the example of this figure, as described above, the filtering material 324 is provided between the third perforated plate 321 and the fourth perforated plate 322. By disposing the filter medium 324, it is possible to capture oil and soil particles that have not been removed in the first separation tank 31.
ここでろ過材３２４としては、上記機能を満たすことができるものである限りにおいて限定されるわけではないが、例えばガラスカレットを用いることが好ましい。ガラスカレットを用いることで水のｐＨを調整し、より油、土粒子を捕獲しやすくなるといった利点があるだけでなく、多孔板の孔径よりもより小さな油、土粒子を捕獲しやすくなるといった効果もある。なお、ろ過材に適しているガラスカラットは、限定されるわけではないが、色つき瓶を破砕、粒径１ｍｍ〜３ｍｍ程度にしたものを使用することが好ましい。この粒径の締め固め時の間隙率は１ｍｍ４３．６%、３ｍｍ３２．６%程度であることが好ましく、その飽和透水係数は１ｍｍでは１．１４×１０−２ｃｍ／ｓ程度、３ｍｍでは１．３０ｃｍ／ｓ程度である。粒径１ｍｍ以下は、水と長時間接触するとアルカリ物質が溶出ｐＨ１０超となってしまう場合があるためできる限り使用しないことが好ましい。粒径１ｍｍ〜３ｍｍ程度であれば、ｐＨ７〜８と安定しており酸性雨の中和能力も備えている観点から好ましい。 Here, the filter medium 324 is not limited as long as it can satisfy the above function, but for example, glass cullet is preferably used. The use of glass cullet not only has the advantage of adjusting the pH of water, making it easier to capture oil and soil particles, but also has the effect of making it easier to capture oil and soil particles smaller than the pore size of the perforated plate. There is also. In addition, the glass carat suitable for the filter medium is not limited, but it is preferable to use a glass bottle that has been crushed to a particle size of about 1 mm to 3 mm. The porosity at the time of compaction of this particle diameter is preferably about 1 mm 43.6% and 3 mm 32.6%, and its saturated hydraulic conductivity is about 1.14 × 10 −2 cm / s at 1 mm and 1.14 × 10 −2 cm / s at 3 mm. It is about 30 cm / s. If the particle size is 1 mm or less, the alkaline substance may elute more than pH 10 when contacted with water for a long time. A particle size of about 1 mm to 3 mm is preferable from the viewpoint that it is stable at pH 7 to 8 and has a neutralizing ability for acid rain.
また、第二の分離槽３２の第二の貫通部３２３は、上記のとおり、第四の多孔板の上に形成されている。第二の貫通部３２３は、第二の分離槽３２と第三の分離槽３３を仕切る仕切板３２５に形成されている。 Further, the second penetration portion 323 of the second separation tank 32 is formed on the fourth perforated plate as described above. The second penetration portion 323 is formed on a partition plate 325 that partitions the second separation tank 32 and the third separation tank 33.
第二の貫通部３２３の具体的な構成については、限定されるわけではないが、貫通孔を備えていることはもちろんであるが、第二の分離槽３２側の入口の高さが第三の分離槽３３側の出口の高さよりも低くなるよう形成されていることが好ましい。このようにすることで、油や土粒子が第二の分離槽側に滞留することを促す効果がある。なお、この第二の貫通部３２３の構成としては、特に限定されるわけではないが、例えば図４で示すように、いわゆるパイプダクトを採用することが好ましい。 Although the specific configuration of the second through-hole 323 is not limited, it is, of course, provided with a through-hole, but the height of the inlet on the second separation tank 32 side is the third. Is preferably formed to be lower than the height of the outlet on the separation tank 33 side. By doing so, there is an effect of promoting the retention of oil and soil particles in the second separation tank. The configuration of the second through portion 323 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to employ a so-called pipe duct, for example, as shown in FIG.
また、本装置１において、第三の分離槽３３は、上記のとおり、第二の貫通部３２３の下に形成される第五の多孔板３３１と、第五の多孔板３３１の下側に形成される第三の貫通部３３２と、を備えている。また、本装置１では、更に、第六の多孔板３３３を、第三の貫通部３３２と第五の多孔板３３１の間に設けている。 Further, in the present apparatus 1, the third separation tank 33 is formed, as described above, on the fifth perforated plate 331 formed below the second penetration portion 323 and on the lower side of the fifth perforated plate 331. And a third penetrating portion 332 to be formed. Further, in the present apparatus 1, the sixth perforated plate 333 is further provided between the third penetrating portion 332 and the fifth perforated plate 331.
まず、第三の分離槽３３は、上記の記載から明らかなとおり、第二の貫通部３２３によって第二の分離槽３２と接続されている。 First, as is clear from the above description, the third separation tank 33 is connected to the second separation tank 32 by the second penetration portion 323.
そして、第三の分離槽３３における第五の多孔板３３１は、上記第四の多孔板３２２と同様の構成を採用することができるが、その径は、第四の多孔板３２２よりも小さい径であることが好ましい。このようにすることで、第四の多孔板３２２をすり抜けた油、土粒子を捕捉することが可能となる。なお、この板の面も上記と同様、水平面に略平行であることが好ましい。 The fifth perforated plate 331 in the third separation tank 33 can have the same configuration as that of the fourth perforated plate 322, but has a smaller diameter than the fourth perforated plate 322. It is preferred that By doing so, it is possible to capture oil and soil particles that have passed through the fourth perforated plate 322. In addition, it is preferable that the surface of this plate is also substantially parallel to the horizontal plane as described above.
また、第三の分離槽３３の第六の多孔板３３３は、第五の多孔板３３１と略平行に間隙をおいて配置されている。第六の多孔板３３３の材質については、上記五の多孔板３３１と同様のものを採用することができるが、第五の多孔板３３１の孔径以下となっていることが好ましい。このようにすることで、上記第五の多孔板３３１をすり抜けた油、土粒子を捕捉することが可能となるとともに、より静流を形成することができる。 Further, the sixth perforated plate 333 of the third separation tank 33 is arranged with a gap substantially parallel to the fifth perforated plate 331. As the material of the sixth perforated plate 333, the same material as that of the above-mentioned fifth perforated plate 331 can be adopted, but it is preferable that the material is smaller than the hole diameter of the fifth perforated plate 331. By doing so, it is possible to capture oil and soil particles that have passed through the fifth perforated plate 331, and it is possible to form a still flow.
また、第三の分離槽３３の第三の貫通部３３２は、上記のとおり、第五の多孔板３３１の下側、より具体的には第六の多孔板３３３の下側に形成されている。第三の貫通部３３２は、第三の分離槽３３と第四の分離槽３４を仕切る仕切板３３４に形成されている。 Further, as described above, the third penetration portion 332 of the third separation tank 33 is formed below the fifth perforated plate 331, more specifically, below the sixth perforated plate 333. . The third penetration portion 332 is formed on a partition plate 334 that partitions the third separation tank 33 and the fourth separation tank 34.
第三の貫通部３３２の具体的な構成については、限定されるわけではないが、貫通孔を備えていることはもちろんであるが、第三の分離槽側の入口の高さが第四の分離側の出口の高さよりも低くなるよう形成されていることが好ましい。このようにすることで、油や土粒子が第二の分離槽側に滞留することを促す効果がある。なお、この貫通部３３２の構成としては、特に限定されるわけではないが、例えば図５で示すように、いわゆるパイプダクトを採用することが好ましい。 The specific configuration of the third penetration portion 332 is not limited, but it is obvious that the third penetration portion 332 is provided with a through hole, but the height of the inlet on the third separation tank side is the fourth height. Preferably, it is formed to be lower than the height of the outlet on the separation side. By doing so, there is an effect of promoting the retention of oil and soil particles in the second separation tank. The configuration of the through portion 332 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to employ a so-called pipe duct, for example, as shown in FIG.
また、本装置１において、第四の分離槽３４は、第三の貫通部３３２の上に形成される第七の多孔板３４１と、第七の多孔板３４１の上側に形成される第四の貫通部３４２と、を備えている。また、第四の分離槽３４では、第七の多孔板３４１と第四の貫通部３４２の間に、第八の多孔板３４３を、第七の多孔板３４１と間隙を置いて略平行に配置されている。 Further, in the present apparatus 1, the fourth separation tank 34 includes a seventh perforated plate 341 formed on the third penetration portion 332 and a fourth perforated plate 341 formed on the seventh perforated plate 341. And a through portion 342. In the fourth separation tank 34, an eighth perforated plate 343 is disposed between the seventh perforated plate 341 and the fourth penetrating part 342 in a substantially parallel manner with a gap between the eighth perforated plate 341 and the seventh perforated plate 341. Have been.
まず、第四の分離槽３４は、上記の記載から明らかなとおり、第三の貫通部３３２によって第三の分離槽３３と接続されている。 First, as is clear from the above description, the fourth separation tank 34 is connected to the third separation tank 33 by the third penetration portion 332.
そして、第四の分離槽３４の第七の多孔板３４１は、上記第六の多孔板３３３と同様の材質、構成を採用することができるが、その径は、第六の多孔板３３３の孔径よりも小さな孔径を有していることが好ましい。このようにすることで、第五の多孔板３３１、第六の多孔板３３３をすり抜けた油、土粒子を捕捉することが可能となるとともに、水面をより静かな状態とすることができる。なお、第七の多孔板３４１の面も上記と同様、水平面に略平行であることが好ましい。 The material and configuration of the seventh perforated plate 341 of the fourth separation tank 34 can be the same as those of the sixth perforated plate 333, but the diameter is the same as that of the sixth perforated plate 333. Preferably, it has a smaller pore diameter. By doing so, oil and soil particles that have passed through the fifth perforated plate 331 and the sixth perforated plate 333 can be captured, and the water surface can be made more quiet. Note that the surface of the seventh perforated plate 341 is preferably substantially parallel to the horizontal plane as in the above.
また、第四の分離槽３４の第八の多孔板３４３は、第七の多孔板３４１と略平行に間隙をおいて配置されている。第八の多孔板３４３の材質については、上記第七の多孔板３４１と同様のものを採用することができるが、第七の多孔板３４１の孔径以下となっていることが好ましい。このようにすることで、上記第七の多孔板３４１をすり抜けた油、土粒子を補足することが可能となるとともに、より静かな状態を維持することができる。 The eighth perforated plate 343 of the fourth separation tank 34 is disposed substantially parallel to and spaced from the seventh perforated plate 341. As the material of the eighth perforated plate 343, the same material as that of the seventh perforated plate 341 can be adopted, but it is preferable that the material is smaller than the hole diameter of the seventh perforated plate 341. By doing so, it is possible to capture oil and soil particles that have passed through the seventh perforated plate 341 and to maintain a quieter state.
また、第四の分離槽３４の第四の貫通部３４２は、上記のとおり、第七の多孔板３４１の上側、より具体的には第八の多孔板３４３の上側に形成されている。第四の貫通部３４２は、内容器３の筒状部分に形成されている。 Further, the fourth penetration portion 342 of the fourth separation tank 34 is formed above the seventh perforated plate 341, more specifically, above the eighth perforated plate 343, as described above. The fourth penetration portion 342 is formed in a cylindrical portion of the inner container 3.
第四の貫通部３４２の具体的な構成については、限定されるわけではないが、貫通孔を備えていることはもちろんであるが、第四の分離槽側の入口の高さと第四の分離槽外部への出口の高さが等しく、第四の分離槽側の入口と第四の分離槽外部への出口の間に第四の分離層側の入口の高さよりも低い貫通孔が設けられていることが好ましい。この場合の例を図６に示しておく。なお、この貫通部３１４の構成としては、特に限定されるわけではないが、本図で示すように、いわゆるパイプダクトを採用することが好ましい。 Although the specific configuration of the fourth penetration portion 342 is not limited, it is of course provided with a through hole, but the height of the fourth separation tank side entrance and the fourth The height of the outlet to the outside of the tank is equal, and a through-hole lower than the height of the inlet of the fourth separation layer is provided between the inlet on the fourth separation tank side and the outlet on the outside of the fourth separation tank. Is preferred. FIG. 6 shows an example of this case. The structure of the through portion 314 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a so-called pipe duct as shown in FIG.
ここで、本装置の油水土粒子分離除去の機能について説明しておく。まず、本除去装置に流入した汚濁雨水において、第一分離槽の多孔板の孔径より大きな汚濁物質は、分離され槽内に留まる。このとき、土粒子や、粉塵に付着している油脂分は、雨水の流入落下地点を中心に発生する２つの縦対流と共に雨水の流入が止むまで、第一の分離槽内を循環する。この対流に揉まれることで多くの油脂分は剥離される。なお、雨水の流入が止まると共に、対流が静止、油脂分や、比重の軽い物質は、水面にとどまり、重い物質は自然沈下する。完全に油脂分が剥離しない土粒子は貯留水位の中間を浮遊し槽内に留まる。 Here, the function of the present apparatus for separating and removing oil-water soil particles will be described. First, in the polluted rainwater that has flowed into the present removal device, pollutants larger than the pore diameter of the perforated plate of the first separation tank are separated and remain in the tank. At this time, the soil particles and the fats and oils adhering to the dust circulate in the first separation tank until the inflow of the rainwater stops along with the two vertical convections generated around the inflow and fall point of the rainwater. Many oils and fats are peeled off by being rubbed by this convection. At the same time as the inflow of rainwater stops, the convection is stationary, fats and oils, and substances having a low specific gravity stay on the water surface, and heavy substances spontaneously sink. The soil particles from which the oil and fat are not completely separated float in the middle of the stored water level and remain in the tank.
そして、その他の微細物質は、降雨中、雨水と共に第二の分離槽に進入するが、第二の分離槽のろ過材を通過するときに、ろ過材にホールドされ間隙中に留まる。この時点で多くの物質は分離されるが、さらに、第二の分離槽を通過した物質は第三の分離槽に取り付けられた２枚の多孔板により阻害される。第四の分離槽の出口の底部まで水位上昇すると、排出部から流出土壌浸透により処理される。浸透処理能力が流入水量に追いつかないときは、水位上昇、装置上部の出口から流出する。この時、吐出される水は、流入時の物質が分離されており土壌特性を阻害することはなく、浸透能力は継続する。浸透時、時間経過とともに、浸透により第四の分離槽の水位が低下すると、第一乃至第三の分離槽の中間水位（設定水位）までの雨水も移動、吐出される。第四の分離槽からの吐出が止んだ時点で、第一乃至第四の分離槽の槽内水位は、等しくなる。そして第一から第四の分離槽までの水位が等しくなった時点から、次の降雨までの間、各槽の水面も静止するので、進入した物質は、沈殿、浮遊して各槽に留まる。 Then, other fine substances enter the second separation tank together with rainwater during rainfall, but when passing through the filter medium of the second separation tank, they are retained by the filter medium and remain in the gap. At this point, many substances are separated, but the substances that have passed through the second separation tank are blocked by the two perforated plates attached to the third separation tank. When the water level rises to the bottom of the outlet of the fourth separation tank, it is treated by permeation of soil discharged from the discharge part. When the infiltration capacity cannot keep up with the inflow water, the water level rises and flows out from the outlet at the top of the device. At this time, the discharged water is separated from the substance at the time of inflow, does not impair the soil characteristics, and the permeating ability is continued. When the water level in the fourth separation tank is lowered due to the permeation during the infiltration, rainwater to the intermediate water level (set water level) in the first to third separation tanks is also moved and discharged. When the discharge from the fourth separation tank stops, the water levels in the first to fourth separation tanks become equal. Then, from the time when the water levels of the first to fourth separation tanks become equal, until the next rainfall, the water surface of each tank also stops, so that the substance that has entered sediments and floats and stays in each tank.
そして次の降雨時、第一の分離槽の水面は流入に伴い攪乱され水位も上昇、順次第二乃至第四の分離槽の水位も静かに上昇するが、浮遊物の巻き込み、沈殿物質の巻き上げ現象は、多孔板により阻止される。またこの装置の各槽、及び、蓋、多孔板、ろ過材は、簡単に維持管理ができるよう引き抜き、又は、自在に取り外しができるように構成されていることが好ましい。 Then, at the next rainfall, the water level of the first separation tank is disturbed with the inflow and the water level rises, and the water level of the second to fourth separation tanks also rises gently in sequence. The phenomenon is prevented by the perforated plate. Further, it is preferable that each tank, the lid, the perforated plate, and the filter material of this apparatus are configured to be easily pulled out or easily detachable for easy maintenance.
また、本装置の形状は丸型を基本とするが正方形、矩形であってもよい。また、装置規模は集水面積、確立年別降雨強度、その他、外的条件により自在に変更できる。また、材質は問わない。 Further, the shape of the present apparatus is basically round, but may be square or rectangular. In addition, the scale of the apparatus can be freely changed according to the catchment area, the rainfall intensity according to the established year, and other external conditions. Also, the material does not matter.
また、本装置において、第四の分離槽に取り付けられた２枚の多孔板の間に、指定された物質の削減を望む場合は、その物質に効果的な濾過材を不織布に包み装着できる構造としてもよい。 Further, in the present apparatus, if it is desired to reduce the specified substance between the two perforated plates attached to the fourth separation tank, the structure may be such that an effective filter material for the substance is wrapped in a nonwoven fabric and attached. Good.
また、本装置は、大型装置を必要とする場合は、維持管理用のマンホール蓋を取り付けできる。 When a large-sized device is required, the present device can be provided with a manhole cover for maintenance.
以上、本実施形態によると、いわゆるファーストフラッシュ現象にも対応することができる信頼性の高い油水土粒子分離除去装置を提供することができる。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a highly reliable oil / water soil particle separation / removal apparatus capable of coping with the so-called first flash phenomenon.
なお本装置の結果、大型の施設（行政の管理する浄水場、企業の大型プラント等）においては、沈殿槽、凝固材、濾過材、膜濾過、オゾンなどを利用、汚濁物質の分離殺菌装置を備えている施設はあるが、施設設置面積や、多額の維持管理費を必要とし、住宅開発や、小規模、中規模の多い一般商業施設、既存道路、駐車場などへの設置は、制限がある。最近は、大気も汚染が進み、晴天時、各種の浮遊粉塵が建物屋根面、道路、駐車場に堆積しており、初期降雨時（１０ｍｍ程度）、その物質移動は、ピークとなる。特に土壌浸透施設においては、屋根面に堆積した浮遊粉塵や、道路、駐車場から流入する土粒子には、油脂分が付着しており、この流入汚濁物質を分離、削減しないと河川湖沼の水質悪化や、自然土壌の間隙中に進入、土壌特性や土壌浸透能力が阻害されるなど、環境悪化要因となっていることが判明している。 As a result of this equipment, large facilities (such as water treatment plants managed by the government and large plants of enterprises) use sedimentation tanks, coagulants, filter media, membrane filtration, ozone, etc. Although some facilities are equipped, they require a lot of space for installation and large maintenance costs, and there are restrictions on housing development and installation on small, medium-sized general commercial facilities, existing roads, parking lots, etc. is there. In recent years, the air has become increasingly polluted, and in the fine weather, various types of suspended dust accumulate on building roofs, roads, and parking lots. At the time of initial rainfall (about 10 mm), the mass transfer reaches a peak. Especially in soil infiltration facilities, fats and oils are attached to suspended dust deposited on the roof surface and soil particles flowing in from roads and parking lots, and if this inflowing pollutant is not separated and reduced, the water quality of rivers and lakes will increase. It has been found that it is a cause of environmental deterioration, such as deterioration, intrusion into the gaps of natural soil, and inhibition of soil characteristics and soil permeation ability.
他方、従来洪水対策施設の主流は、調整池方式であるが、近年、貯留浸透施設が多く設置されている。初期降雨時、ファーストフラッシュ現象により調整池や、貯留浸透施設に流入する雨水は移動物質により汚濁されている。これまでの調査から、ファーストフラッシュ対策を講じていないこれらの施設は、流入水濁度よりも、流出雨水の方が濁度は高い。原因は、流入堆積した汚濁物質の適切な維持管理がされておらず降雨時、堆積物を巻き上げて流出するからである。 On the other hand, the mainstream of conventional flood countermeasures facilities is the regulating pond method, but in recent years many storage infiltration facilities have been installed. During the initial rainfall, the rainwater flowing into the regulating pond and the storage and infiltration facilities due to the first flash phenomenon is polluted by mobile substances. According to previous surveys, those facilities that do not take first-flush countermeasures have higher turbidity of runoff rainwater than inflow water turbidity. The cause is that the inflow and accumulation of pollutants is not properly maintained, and during rainfall, the sediment is lifted and flows out.
それに対し、本発明では、外容器及び内容器を設け、更に内容器を複数の分離槽、少なくとも４以上の分離槽に分けることで捕捉し多段に分離、静水処理を施すことで油脂分や土粒子を各槽に滞留させるとともに浄化された水を容器外に排出することができる。特に本装置では一度水面に滞留した油や沈殿した土粒子は次の分離槽に行かないよう構成されているため、上記のとおりファーストフラッシュにも十分対応できる。 On the other hand, in the present invention, the outer container and the inner container are provided, and the inner container is further divided into a plurality of separation tanks, and at least four or more separation tanks, and is caught, separated into multiple stages, and subjected to a hydrostatic treatment, so that the fats and oils and soil are removed. The particles can be retained in each tank and the purified water can be discharged out of the container. In particular, the present apparatus is configured such that oil and sediment particles that have once settled on the water surface do not go to the next separation tank, and thus can sufficiently cope with the first flush as described above.
本発明は、油水土粒子分離除去装置として産業上の利用可能性がある。また、ＳＳ、微細土粒子、油脂分の分離による市街地からの流出雨水浄化、河川、湖沼の水質改善、土壌間隙中への汚濁物質の削減、雨水利用時の水質改善、現在使用されていない屋根面以外（道路、駐車場、校庭、公園、）からの流出雨水の浄化浸透処理及び、有効利用に用いることができる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention has industrial applicability as an oil-water soil particle separation and removal device. In addition, purification of rainwater runoff from urban areas by separation of SS, fine soil particles and oils and fats, improvement of water quality of rivers and lakes, reduction of pollutants in soil gaps, improvement of water quality when using rainwater, roofs not currently used It can be used to purify and infiltrate rainwater runoff from surfaces other than surfaces (roads, parking lots, schoolyards, parks) and to make effective use of it.
Claims (7)
前記内容器は、第一の分離槽、第二の分離槽、第三の分離槽、及び第四の分離槽を備え、
第一の分離槽は、外部からの汚濁水を流入させる流入部と、傾斜面を有する第一の多孔板と、多孔板の下に配置される第二の多孔板と、前記第二の多孔板より下に形成される第一の貫通部と、を備え、
第二の分離槽は、第三の多孔板と、前記第三の多孔板の上に間隙を置いて配置される第四の多孔板と、前記第四の多孔板の上に形成される第二の貫通部と、を備え、
第三の分離槽は、前記第二の貫通部の下に形成される第五の多孔板と、前記第五の多孔板の下側に間隙を置いて配置される第六の多孔板と、前記第六の多孔板の下に形成される第三の貫通部と、を備え、
第四の分離槽は、前記第三の貫通部の上に形成される第七の多孔板と、前記第七の多孔板の上側に形成される第四の貫通部と、を備え、
前記外容器は、前記第四の貫通部よりも下側に形成される、外部に油及び土粒子が除去された浄化水を排出する排出部と、を備えた油水土粒子分離除去装置。 An outer container, an inner container disposed in the outer container, an oil-water soil particle separation and removal device comprising:
The inner container includes a first separation tank, a second separation tank, a third separation tank, and a fourth separation tank,
The first separation tank has an inflow portion through which polluted water from the outside flows, a first perforated plate having an inclined surface, a second perforated plate disposed below the perforated plate, and the second perforated plate. A first penetration formed below the plate,
The second separation tank is a third perforated plate, a fourth perforated plate arranged with a gap above the third perforated plate, and a fourth perforated plate formed on the fourth perforated plate. And two penetration parts,
The third separation tank, a fifth perforated plate formed below the second penetrating portion, a sixth perforated plate disposed with a gap below the fifth perforated plate, A third penetration formed below the sixth perforated plate,
The fourth separation tank includes a seventh perforated plate formed on the third perforated portion, and a fourth perforated portion formed on the upper side of the seventh perforated plate,
The oil / water soil particle separation / removal device, wherein the outer container includes a discharge unit formed below the fourth penetration part and configured to discharge purified water from which oil and soil particles have been removed.
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