JP6589386B2 - 蓄電素子 - Google Patents
蓄電素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6589386B2 JP6589386B2 JP2015110348A JP2015110348A JP6589386B2 JP 6589386 B2 JP6589386 B2 JP 6589386B2 JP 2015110348 A JP2015110348 A JP 2015110348A JP 2015110348 A JP2015110348 A JP 2015110348A JP 6589386 B2 JP6589386 B2 JP 6589386B2
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- Prior art keywords
- graphite
- mass
- graphitizable carbon
- cycle
- negative electrode
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Description
本明細書に記載された技術は、正極と、負極と、を備えた蓄電素子であって、前記負極は、黒鉛と、難黒鉛化炭素と、を有し、前記難黒鉛化炭素の、粒子径の粒度分布における累積体積が50%となるD50粒子径が2μm〜8μmであり、前記黒鉛の、粒子径の粒度分布における累積体積が50%となるD50粒子径が2μm以上であり、前記難黒鉛化炭素の質量と前記黒鉛の質量との総量に対する、前記黒鉛の質量の比率が、5質量%〜45質量%であり、前記難黒鉛化炭素のD50粒子径に対する、前記黒鉛のD50粒子径の比が1.02以下である。
以下、実施形態1について図1から図16を参照しつつ説明する。実施形態1に係る蓄電素子10は、例えば、電気自動車、ハイブリッド自動車等の車両(図示せず)に搭載されて、動力源として使用される。実施形態1に係る蓄電素子10は、リチウムイオン電池であって、ケース11内に蓄電要素20を収容してなる。蓄電要素20は、正極板(正極に相当)18と、負極板(負極に相当)19と、セパレータと、電解液(図示せず)と、を備える。なお、蓄電素子10としてはリチウムイオン電池に限られず、必要に応じて任意の蓄電池を選択することができる。
負極板19は、負極箔の片面又は両面に負極合剤層が形成されてなる。負極合剤は、負極活物質と、負極バインダと、を含む。負極合剤は、さらに、導電助剤又は負極増粘剤を含んでもよい。負極箔は金属製の箔状をなしている。本実施形態に係る負極箔は、銅又は銅合金からなる。
実施例及び比較例については、正極板、負極板、及びセパレータを積層して巻回後、正極板の正極活物質非形成領域、及び負極板の負極活物質非形成領域を正極集電体及び負極集電体にそれぞれ公知の方法により溶接して金属製のケース本体14の内部に収容し、ケース本体14に蓋15を溶接した後、非水電解質を注入して封口することにより、蓄電素子10を作製した。
実施例及び比較例について下記の測定試験を行い、また、各種の値を算出し、図8〜図12にまとめた。
作製した電池について、25℃の恒温槽中で5Aの充電電流、4.2Vの定電流定電圧充電を3時間行い、10分の休止後、5Aの放電電流にて2.4Vまで定電流放電を行うことで、電池の放電容量Qを測定した。
容量確認試験後の電池について、前述の容量確認試験で得られた放電容量の20%を充電することで電池のSOC(State Of Charge)を20%に調整後、−10℃にて4時間保持し、その後2.3Vの定電圧放電を1秒間行い、1秒目の電流値から低温時の出力Pを算出した。
充放電サイクル試験の試験条件を決めるために、SOC50%に調整した電池を55℃にて4時間保持し、SOC80%になるまで40Aの定電流充電を行い、その後、SOC80%からSOC20%まで40Aの定電流放電を行うことで、SOC80%の充電電圧V80とSOC20%の放電電圧V20を決定した。
黒鉛、及び難黒鉛化炭素について、D50粒子径を測定した。本願明細書において、D50粒子径とは、体積標準の粒度分布における累積度50%の粒径を示す。具体的には、測定装置としてレーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置(SALD−2200、株式会社島津製作所製)、測定制御ソフトとしてWing SALD−2200を用いた。
D50粒子径が同等の難黒鉛化炭素の比率が100%の実験例(比較例1〜6)を100%とした場合における各実験例のサイクル後容量Q3及びサイクル後出力P3を算出した。図8〜図12中の「サイクル後容量(比較例比)」は、D50粒子径が同等の難黒鉛化炭素の比率が100%の実験例(比較例1〜6)を100%とした場合におけるサイクル後容量Q3を意味し、図8〜図12中の「サイクル後出力(比較例比)」は、D50粒子径が同等の難黒鉛化炭素の比率が100%の実験例(比較例1〜6)を100%とした場合におけるサイクル後出力P3を意味する。
(サイクル後出力(比較例比))
図13に示された結果について以下に説明する。図13に示されたデータの各系列と、実施例又は比較例との対応を下記に示す。
・DN1.5μm:比較例1,7,23,39,55,71,87
・DN2.1μm:比較例2,実施例1,11,21,31,41,比較例88
・DN4.5μm:比較例3,実施例3,13,23,33,43,比較例89
・DN6.2μm:比較例4,実施例6,16,26,36,46,比較例90
・DN8.1μm:比較例5,実施例10,20,30,40,50,比較例91
・DN10.4μm:比較例6,22,38,54,70,86,92
・ 難黒鉛化炭素の、粒子径の粒度分布における累積体積が50%となるD50粒子径が2μm〜8μmであること
・ 黒鉛の、粒子径の粒度分布における累積体積が50%となるD50粒子径が2μm以上であること
・ 難黒鉛化炭素の質量と黒鉛の質量との総量に対する、黒鉛の質量の比率が、5質量%〜45質量%であること
・ 難黒鉛化炭素のD50粒子径に対する、黒鉛のD50粒子径の比が1.02以下であること
・Gra0mass%:比較例1,2,3,4,5,6
・Gra5mass%:比較例7,25,実施例1,3,6,10
・Gra10mass%:比較例23,38,実施例11,13,16,20
・Gra15mass%:比較例39,54,実施例21,23,26,30
・Gra20mass%:比較例55,70,実施例31,33,36,40
・Gra45mass%:比較例71,86,実施例41,43,46,50
本明細書に記載した技術は上記記述及び図面によって説明した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、例えば次のような実施形態も本明細書に記載した技術の範囲に含まれる。
18:正極板
19:負極板
Claims (4)
- 正極と、負極と、を備えた蓄電素子であって、
前記負極は、黒鉛と、難黒鉛化炭素と、を有し、
前記難黒鉛化炭素の、粒子径の粒度分布における累積体積が50%となるD50粒子径が2.1μm〜8.1μmであり、
前記黒鉛の、粒子径の粒度分布における累積体積が50%となるD50粒子径が2.1μm以上であり、
前記難黒鉛化炭素の質量と前記黒鉛の質量との総量に対する、前記黒鉛の質量の比率が、5質量%〜20質量%であり、
前記難黒鉛化炭素のD50粒子径に対する、前記黒鉛のD50粒子径の比が1.02以下である、
蓄電素子。 - 請求項1に記載の蓄電素子であって、
前記難黒鉛化炭素のD50粒子径が2.1μm〜4.5μmである蓄電素子。 - 請求項2に記載の蓄電素子であって、
前記難黒鉛化炭素の質量と前記黒鉛の質量との総量に対する、前記黒鉛の質量の比率が、15質量%〜20質量%である蓄電素子。 - 正極と、負極と、を備えた蓄電素子であって、
前記負極は、黒鉛と、難黒鉛化炭素と、を有し、
前記難黒鉛化炭素の、粒子径の粒度分布における累積体積が50%となるD50粒子径が2.1μm〜4.5μmであり、
前記黒鉛の、粒子径の粒度分布における累積体積が50%となるD50粒子径が2.1μm以上であり、
前記難黒鉛化炭素の質量と前記黒鉛の質量との総量に対する、前記黒鉛の質量の比率が、5質量%〜45質量%であり、
前記難黒鉛化炭素のD50粒子径に対する、前記黒鉛のD50粒子径の比が1.02以下である、
蓄電素子。
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