JP6439704B2 - 架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物およびゴム架橋物 - Google Patents
架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物およびゴム架橋物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6439704B2 JP6439704B2 JP2015554863A JP2015554863A JP6439704B2 JP 6439704 B2 JP6439704 B2 JP 6439704B2 JP 2015554863 A JP2015554863 A JP 2015554863A JP 2015554863 A JP2015554863 A JP 2015554863A JP 6439704 B2 JP6439704 B2 JP 6439704B2
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- Prior art keywords
- nitrile rubber
- acid
- weight
- rubber composition
- rubber
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 41
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- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- UTOVMEACOLCUCK-PLNGDYQASA-N butyl maleate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O UTOVMEACOLCUCK-PLNGDYQASA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 6
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- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical group NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)S YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- UMHKOAYRTRADAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [hydroxy(octoxy)phosphoryl] octyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCC UMHKOAYRTRADAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- UBRWPVTUQDJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(2-tert-butylperoxypropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C)=C1 UBRWPVTUQDJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC(F)(F)F JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005050 vinyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
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Description
本発明の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物において、前記有機短繊維(b)がアラミド短繊維であることが好ましく、コポリパラフェニレン・3,4’オキシジフェニレン・テレフタラミド短繊維であることがより好ましい。
本発明の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物において、好ましくは、前記高飽和ニトリルゴム(a)100重量部に対する、前記有機短繊維(b)の含有量が0.5〜80重量部である。
本発明の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物において、好ましくは、前記高飽和ニトリルゴム(a)中における、前記α,β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位の含有割合が10〜60重量%であり、前記α,β−エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸モノエステル単量体単位の含有割合が0.1〜20重量%である。
本発明の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物は、塩基性架橋促進剤をさらに含有することが好ましい。
本発明の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物は、α,β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位およびα,β−エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸モノエステル単量体単位を有し、ヨウ素価が120以下である高飽和ニトリルゴム(a)と、平均繊維長が0.1〜12mmである有機短繊維(b)と、ポリアミン架橋剤(c)とを含有してなる組成物である。
本発明で用いる高飽和ニトリルゴム(a)は、少なくともα,β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位およびα,β−エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸モノエステル単量体単位を有する。
これらの中でも、本発明の効果がより一層顕著になるという点より、マレイン酸モノプロピル、マレイン酸モノn−ブチル、フマル酸モノプロピル、フマル酸モノn−ブチル、シトラコン酸モノプロピル、シトラコン酸モノn−ブチル;などのα,β−エチレン性不飽和結合を形成する二つの炭素原子の各々にカルボキシル基を有するジカルボン酸のモノエステルが好ましく、α,β−エチレン性不飽和結合を形成する二つの炭素原子の各々にカルボキシル基を有するジカルボン酸のモノアルキルエステルがより好ましく、マレイン酸モノn−ブチルが特に好ましい。なお、上記α,β−エチレン性不飽和結合を形成する二つの炭素原子の各々にカルボキシル基を有するジカルボン酸のモノアルキルエステルのアルキル基の炭素数は、2〜6が好ましい。
α,β−エチレン性不飽和多価カルボン酸単量体としては、イタコン酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸などが挙げられる。
α,β−エチレン性不飽和多価カルボン酸無水物単量体としては、無水マレイン酸などが挙げられる。
芳香族ビニル単量体としては、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、ビニルピリジンなどが挙げられる。
本発明に用いる有機短繊維(b)としては、平均繊維長が0.1〜12mmの範囲にある繊維状の有機材料であればよく特に限定されない。なお、有機短繊維(b)の平均繊維長は、たとえば、光学顕微鏡により写真撮影を行い、得られた写真において無作為に選んだ100個の短繊維の長さを測定し、これを算術平均することにより求めることができる。平均繊維長が短すぎると、得られるゴム架橋物の引張応力が低下するおそれがあり、一方、平均繊維長が長すぎると、短繊維同士が絡まって塊になりやすく、ゴム組成物中に分散し難くなり、所望の物性を得られなくなるおそれがある。有機短繊維(b)の平均繊維長は、好ましくは0.5〜10mmであり、より好ましくは0.5〜6mmである。
すなわち、ポリアミドからなる短繊維としては、アラミド短繊維が好ましく、ポリパラフェニレンテレフタラミド短繊維、ポリメタフェニレンイソフタラミド短繊維およびコポリパラフェニレン・3,4’オキシジフェニレン・テレフタラミド短繊維がより好ましく、コポリパラフェニレン・3,4’オキシジフェニレン・テレフタラミド短繊維が特に好ましい。
ポリアミン架橋剤(c)は、2つ以上のアミノ基を有する化合物、または、架橋時に2つ以上のアミノ基を有する化合物の形態になるもの、であれば特に限定されないが、脂肪族炭化水素や芳香族炭化水素の複数の水素原子が、アミノ基またはヒドラジド構造(−CONHNH2で表される構造、COはカルボニル基を表す。)で置換された化合物が好ましい。
また、本発明の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物は、上記した各成分に加えて、塩基性架橋促進剤をさらに含有していることが好ましい。塩基性架橋促進剤をさらに含有させることにより、本発明の効果がより一層顕著になる。
このようなゴムとしては、アクリルゴム、エチレン−アクリル酸共重合体ゴム、スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体ゴム、ポリブタジエンゴム、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体ゴム、エチレン−プロピレン−ジエン三元共重合体ゴム、エピクロロヒドリンゴム、ウレタンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、シリコーンゴム、フッ素ゴム、天然ゴム、ポリイソプレンゴムなどが挙げられる。
高飽和ニトリルゴム(a)以外のゴムを配合する場合における、架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物中の配合量は、高飽和ニトリルゴム(a)100重量部に対して、好ましくは30重量部以下であり、より好ましくは20重量部以下、さらに好ましくは10重量部以下である。
本発明のゴム架橋物は、上述した架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を架橋してなるものである。
本発明のゴム架橋物は、本発明の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を用い、所望の形状に対応した成形機、たとえば、押出機、射出成形機、圧縮機、ロールなどにより成形を行い、加熱することにより架橋反応を行い、架橋物として形状を固定化することにより製造することができる。この場合においては、予め成形した後に架橋しても、成形と同時に架橋を行ってもよい。成形温度は、通常、10〜200℃、好ましくは25〜120℃である。架橋温度は、通常、100〜200℃、好ましくは130〜190℃であり、架橋時間は、通常、1分〜24時間、好ましくは2分〜1時間である。
すなわち、マレイン酸モノn−ブチル単位およびメタクリル酸単位の含有割合は、2mm角の高飽和ニトリルゴム0.2gに、2−ブタノン100mlを加えて16時間攪拌した後、エタノール20mlおよび水10mlを加え、攪拌しながら水酸化カリウムの0.02N含水エタノール溶液を用いて、室温でチモールフタレインを指示薬とする滴定により、高飽和ニトリルゴム100gに対するカルボキシル基のモル数を求め、求めたモル数をマレイン酸モノn−ブチル単位またはメタクリル酸単位の量に換算することにより算出した。
1,3−ブタジエン単位および飽和化ブタジエン単位の含有割合は、高飽和ニトリルゴムを用いて、水素添加反応前と水素添加反応後のヨウ素価(JIS K 6235による)を測定することにより算出した。
アクリロニトリル単位の含有割合は、JIS K6384に従い、ケルダール法により、高飽和ニトリルゴム中の窒素含量を測定することにより算出した。
高飽和ニトリルゴムのヨウ素価は、JIS K 6235に準じて測定した。
2mm角の高飽和ニトリルゴム0.2gに、2−ブタノン100mlを加えて16時間攪拌した後、エタノール20mlおよび水10mlを加え、攪拌しながら水酸化カリウムの0.02N含水エタノール溶液を用いて、室温でチモールフタレインを指示薬とする滴定により、高飽和ニトリルゴム100gに対するカルボキシル基のモル数として求めた(単位はephr)。
高飽和ニトリルゴムのムーニー粘度(ポリマー・ムーニー)は、JIS K6300−1に従って測定した(単位は〔ML1+4、100℃〕)。
架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を、縦15cm、横15cm、深さ0.2cmの金型に入れ、プレス圧10MPaで加圧しながら170℃で20分間プレス成形してシート状のゴム架橋物を得た。次いで、得られたゴム架橋物をギヤー式オーブンに移して170℃で4時間二次架橋を実施し、得られたシート状のゴム架橋物を列理方向に3号形ダンベルで打ち抜いて試験片を作製した。そして、得られた試験片を用いて、JIS K6251に従い、20%引張応力を測定した。
上記20%引張応力の評価と同様にしてシート状のゴム架橋物を得た後、得られたシート状のゴム架橋物を幅10mm、長さ50mmに列理方向に打ち抜いて動的粘弾性試験用のゴム架橋物を得た。そして、得られた動的粘弾性試験用のゴム架橋物について、動的粘弾性測定装置(商品名「Explexor 500N」、GABO QUALIMETER Testanlagen GmbH社製)を用いて、測定周波数:10Hz、静的歪:1.0%、動的歪:0.2%、温度:100℃、チャック間距離:30mm、測定モード:テンションモード、の条件でtanδを測定した。
そして、得られたtanδの値を、比較例1の測定値を100とする指数で表し、これを発熱性の指標とした。この値が小さいほど、動的発熱が少なく、低発熱性に優れると判断することができる。
反応器に、イオン交換水180部、濃度10重量%のドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液25部、アクリロニトリル37部、マレイン酸モノn−ブチル6部、およびt−ドデシルメルカプタン(分子量調整剤)0.5部を、この順に仕込み、内部の気体を窒素で3回置換した後、1,3−ブタジエン57部を仕込んだ。反応器を5℃に保ち、クメンハイドロパーオキサイド(重合開始剤)0.1部を仕込み、攪拌しながら16時間重合反応を継続した。次いで、濃度10重量%のハイドロキノン水溶液(重合停止剤)0.1部を加えて重合反応を停止した後、水温60℃のロータリーエバポレータを用いて残留単量体を除去し、マレイン酸モノn―ブチル単位を含有するニトリルゴムのラテックス(固形分濃度約30重量%)を得た。
反応器内でイオン交換水200部に、炭酸ナトリウム0.2部を溶解し、それに脂肪酸カリウム石鹸(脂肪酸のカリウム塩)2.25部を添加して石鹸水溶液を調製した。そして、この石鹸水溶液に、アクリロニトリル37部、およびt−ドデシルメルカプタン(分子量調整剤)0.47部をこの順に仕込み、内部の気体を窒素で3回置換した後、1,3−ブタジエン63部を仕込んだ。次いで、反応器内を5℃に保ち、クメンハイドロパーオキサイド(重合開始剤)0.1部、還元剤、およびキレート剤適量を仕込み、温度を5℃に保ちながら16時間重合反応を行なった。次いで、濃度10%のハイドロキノン(重合停止剤)水溶液0.1部を加えて重合反応を停止し、水温60℃のロータリーエバポレ−タを用いて残留単量体を除去して、ニトリルゴムのラテックス(固形分濃度約25重量%)を得た。
反応器に、イオン交換水180部、濃度10重量%のドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液25部、アクリロニトリル37部、メタクリル酸4部、およびt−ドデシルメルカプタン(分子量調整剤)0.5部をこの順に仕込み、内部の気体を窒素で3回置換した後、1,3−ブタジエン59部を仕込んだ。反応器を5℃に保ち、クメンハイドロパーオキサイド(重合開始剤)0.1部を仕込み、攪拌しながら16時間重合反応を継続した。次いで、濃度10重量%のハイドロキノン水溶液(重合停止剤)0.1部を加えて重合反応を停止した後、水温60℃のロータリーエバポレータを用いて残留単量体を除去し、メタクリル酸単位を含有するニトリルゴムのラテックス(固形分濃度約30重量%)を得た。
バンバリーミキサを用いて、製造例1にて得られた高飽和ニトリルゴム(a−1)100部、N550カーボンブラック(商品名「シーストSO」、東海カーボン社製)40部、4,4’−ジ−(α,α−ジメチルベンジル)ジフェニルアミン(商品名「ノクラックCD」、大内振興化学社製、老化防止剤)1.5部、トリメリット酸トリ−2−エチルヘキシル(商品名「アデカサイザーC−8」、ADEKA社製、可塑剤)5部、ステアリン酸1部、およびコポリパラフェニレン・3,4’オキシジフェニレン・テレフタラミド短繊維(商品名「テクノーラZCF T323SB 1mm」、帝人テクノプロダクツ社製、平均繊維長1mm、平均繊維径12μmのアラミド短繊維)10部を混練した。次いで、混合物をロールに移して、2,2−ビス[4−(4−アミノフェノキシ)フェニル]プロパン(ポリアミン架橋剤)6.3部、および1,8−ジアザビシクロ[5,4,0]ウンデセン−7(DBU)(商品名「RHENOGRAN XLA−60(GE2014)」、RheinChemie社製、DBU60%(ジンクジアルキルジフォスフェイト塩になっている部分も含む)、塩基性架橋促進剤)4部を添加して混練することで、架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を得た。
平均繊維長1mmのコポリパラフェニレン・3,4’オキシジフェニレン・テレフタラミド短繊維10部の代わりに、平均繊維長3mmのコポリパラフェニレン・3,4’オキシジフェニレン・テレフタラミド短繊維(商品名「テクノーラZCF T323SB 3mm」、帝人テクノプロダクツ社製、平均繊維長3mm、平均繊維径12μmのアラミド短繊維)3.5部を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
平均繊維長1mmのコポリパラフェニレン・3,4’オキシジフェニレン・テレフタラミド短繊維を配合しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を調製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
2,2−ビス[4−(4−アミノフェノキシ)フェニル]プロパン6.3部、および1,8−ジアザビシクロ[5,4,0]−ウンデセン−7(DBU)4部を配合せず、これらに代えて、1,3−ビス(t−ブチルペルオキシイソプロピル)ベンゼン40%品(商品名「Vul Cup 40KE」、アルケマ社製、有機過酸化物架橋剤)8部を配合した以外は、実施例1と同様にして架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を調製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
高飽和ニトリルゴム(a−1)100部の代わりに、製造例2にて得られた高飽和ニトリルゴム(a’−2)100部を使用した以外は、比較例2と同様にして架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
平均繊維長1mmのコポリパラフェニレン・3,4’オキシジフェニレン・テレフタラミド短繊維10部の代わりに、平均繊維長3mmのコポリパラフェニレン・3,4’オキシジフェニレン・テレフタラミド短繊維(商品名「テクノーラZCF T323SB 3mm」、帝人テクノプロダクツ社製)3.5部を使用した以外は、比較例3と同様にして架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
高飽和ニトリルゴム(a−1)100部の代わりに、製造例3にて得られた高飽和ニトリルゴム(a’−3)100部を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を作製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
2,2−ビス[4−(4−アミノフェノキシ)フェニル]プロパン6.3部、および1,8−ジアザビシクロ[5,4,0]−ウンデセン−7(DBU)4部を配合せず、これらに代えて、1,3−ビス(t−ブチルペルオキシイソプロピル)ベンゼン40%品(商品名「Vul Cup 40KE」、アルケマ社製)8部を配合した以外は、比較例5と同様にして架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を調製し、同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
また、ポリアミン架橋剤の代わりに、有機過酸化物架橋剤を使用した場合は、得られるゴム架橋物は、引張応力が低く、低発熱性も劣る結果となった(比較例2)。
さらに、高飽和ニトリルゴムとして、α,β−エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸モノエステル単量体単位を含有しない高飽和ニトリルゴム(a’−2)を使用し、架橋剤として、有機過酸化物架橋剤を使用した場合は、得られるゴム架橋物は、引張応力が低く、低発熱性も劣る結果となった(比較例3,4)。
また、高飽和ニトリルゴムとして、α,β−エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸モノエステル単量体単位の代わりに、メタクリル酸単位を含有する高飽和ニトリルゴム(a’−3)を使用した場合に、架橋剤として、ポリアミン架橋剤を用いた場合には、得られるゴム架橋物は発泡が激しく、各特性の評価を行うことができず、また、有機過酸化物架橋剤を使用した場合には、各特性の評価を行うことはできたものの、引張応力が低く、低発熱性も劣る結果となった(比較例5,6)。
Claims (7)
- α,β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位およびα,β−エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸モノエステル単量体単位を有し、ヨウ素価が120以下である高飽和ニトリルゴム(a)と、
平均繊維長が0.1〜12mmである有機短繊維(b)と、
ポリアミン架橋剤(c)と、
環状アミジン構造を有する塩基性架橋促進剤とを含有する架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物。 - 前記有機短繊維(b)がアラミド短繊維である請求項1に記載の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物。
- 前記有機短繊維(b)がコポリパラフェニレン・3,4’オキシジフェニレン・テレフタラミド短繊維である請求項1または2に記載の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物。
- 前記高飽和ニトリルゴム(a)100重量部に対する、前記有機短繊維(b)の含有量が0.5〜80重量部である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物。
- 前記高飽和ニトリルゴム(a)中における、前記α,β−エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位の含有割合が10〜60重量%であり、前記α,β−エチレン性不飽和ジカルボン酸モノエステル単量体単位の含有割合が0.1〜20重量%である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の架橋性ニトリルゴム組成物を架橋してなるゴム架橋物。
- ベルトである請求項6に記載のゴム架橋物。
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