JP6403555B2 - Airtight structure of buildings - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an airtight structure of a building.

  A unit type building is a building constructed by connecting a plurality of building units to each other. A building unit includes a frame formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape using beams and columns, and is configured by attaching various members such as an outer wall plate, an inner wall plate, and a floor plate to the frame (for example, Patent Documents). 1). The building unit is manufactured in advance in a manufacturing factory, and is transported to a construction site after manufacturing.

  At the construction site, each building unit conveyed from the manufacturing factory is installed at a predetermined position. After the building unit is installed, a floor connecting plate is disposed between the floor plates of the two building units at the boundary between the adjacent building units, and then an inner wall connecting plate is disposed between the inner wall plates of the two building units. . In this case, the floor connecting plate is installed in a state in which its end surface is close to or in contact with the side surface of each adjacent column of the adjacent building unit, and the inner wall connecting plate has its lower end portion mounted on the floor connecting plate. It is installed in a state where it is placed.

  In addition, an inter-column heat insulating material made of glass wool is disposed between adjacent columns of adjacent building units. With this inter-column heat insulating material, heat insulating performance and airtight performance between adjacent columns are ensured. Moreover, the inter-column heat insulating material is disposed in a state of being in close contact with, for example, an end surface of the floor connecting plate.

JP-A-10-169016

  By the way, in the boundary part of an adjacent building unit, the shift | offset | difference to the wall thickness direction (thickness direction of an inner wall connecting board) may arise between adjacent pillars by the installation dispersion | variation between building units at the time of construction, etc. . In that case, there may be a relatively large gap between one of the pillars and the end face of the floor connecting plate, and outside air flows from below the floor through the gap (specifically, the back side of the inner wall connecting board). ). If it becomes so, the inflow air may enter into the indoor side from the back side of the inner wall connecting plate through between the inner wall connecting plate and the floor connecting plate, and it may not be possible to secure the desired airtight performance.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and makes it the main objective to provide the airtight structure of the building which can ensure the airtight performance between adjacent building units suitably.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the airtight structure of the building of the first invention is a building constructed by combining a plurality of building units having columns and beams, and straddles adjacent building units. A straddling floor board that is a straddling floor board and a straddling inner wall board that is a straddling inner wall board that straddles the adjacent building unit, and the straddling inner wall board is adjacent to the adjacent building unit. The pillars are arranged on the straddle floor board so as to cover each pillar from the indoor space side, and the straddle floor board is arranged in a state where the end face thereof is opposed to the side face of the adjacent pillar on the indoor space side. Applied to the unit type building, and between the adjacent pillars, and between the adjacent pillars on the straddle floor board on the back side of the straddle inner wall board. And a little Both are arranged over the entire width direction of the straddle floor board, and in that arrangement state, the base plate attached to the side surface on the indoor space side of each pillar, and the entire boundary portion between the base board and the straddle floor board A sheet-like airtight member provided across the base plate and the straddle floor plate.

  According to the present invention, the base plate is attached across the side of the adjacent pillars of the adjacent building units on the indoor space side, and the base plate extends over the entire width direction of the floor plate on the cross floor plate. Are arranged as follows. And the airtight member is affixed so that it may straddle these both members in the whole boundary part of the base plate and the straddle floor board. In this case, since the gap between the straddle floor board and each column can be blocked from the upper floor using the base plate and the airtight member, the outside air from above the floor through the gap (specifically, the back side of the straddle inner wall board) ) Can be suppressed. Thereby, the airtight performance in the boundary part of an adjacent building unit is securable.

  Further, as a method for closing the gap between the straddle floor board and each pillar, for example, a method of directly attaching an airtight member to a boundary portion between each pillar and the straddle floor board in a state of straddling both of them can be considered. However, in that case, if there is a shift in the wall thickness direction between the columns, there is a risk that it will be difficult to attach the airtight member well due to wrinkles occurring on the airtight member due to the shift. . In that respect, in the present invention, since the airtight member is pasted along the boundary portion between the base plate and the straddle floor plate that straddles between the pillars, the airtight member can be attached even if a deviation occurs between the pillars. It can be attached relatively easily. Therefore, the airtight performance at the unit boundary can be suitably ensured.

  The airtight structure of a building according to a second aspect is characterized in that, in the first aspect, the base plate functions as a support portion that supports the straddle inner wall plate from the back side.

  According to the present invention, the base plate used as the base of the airtight member can also function as a support portion that supports the straddling inner wall plate from the back surface side. Thereby, the multifunctionalization of the base plate can be achieved.

  According to the airtight structure of the building of the third invention, in the first or second invention, vertical members are provided on both sides of each column in the direction in which the adjacent columns are arranged. The material has a projecting portion that projects to the indoor space side from the pillar, and the straddle inner wall plate is attached to the surface of the indoor space side to the projecting portion of each vertical member. And the base plate is disposed between the overhang portions of the vertical members and extends so as to straddle both overhang portions, and the surface of the base plate is the surface of the vertical members. It is characterized by being flush with the surface of the overhanging portion on the indoor space side.

  According to the present invention, the surface on the indoor space side in the overhang portion of each vertical member and the surface of the base plate (the plate surface on the indoor space side) disposed between the overhang portions are flush with each other. ing. In this case, when the straddling inner wall plate is attached to the surface of each overhanging portion on the indoor space side, the back surface of the straddling inner wall plate abuts on the base plate side, so that the straddling inner wall plate can be supported from the back surface side by the base plate. it can. Thereby, like the said 2nd invention, it can be made to function as a support part of an inner wall board across a baseplate, and multi-functionalization of a baseplate can be achieved.

  Moreover, since the base plate extends so as to straddle between the overhang portions of the respective vertical members, the straddling inner wall plate can be supported from the back side in the entire region between the respective vertical members. Thereby, a straddle inner wall board can be supported in the stable state.

  In the airtight structure of a building according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, an adhesive portion is provided on the back side of the base plate, and the base plate is formed by the adhesive force of the adhesive portion. Are attached to each of the adjacent columns and the inter-column heat insulating material, and the adhesive portion is between the base plate and each of the columns, and between the base plate and the inter-column heat insulating material. It is characterized by being interposed in each.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to attach the base plate to each column and the inter-column heat insulating material by a simple operation such as using an adhesive portion. In addition, since the adhesive portions are interposed between the base plate and each column and between the base plate and the inter-column heat insulating material, the respective members can be closed by the adhesive portion. Therefore, it is possible to reliably suppress the inflow of outside air from under the floor through these members. Thereby, the airtight performance in a unit boundary part can be secured more suitably.

  In addition, since the base plate is attached (attached) not only to each column but also to the inter-column heat insulating material, the inter-column heat insulating material can be reliably adhered to the base plate. This ensures the flow of outside air from under the floor between the inter-column heat insulating material and the base plate (or straddle floor plate) compared to the case where the inter-column heat insulating material is simply placed in close contact with the base plate or the straddle floor plate. Can be suppressed.

  The airtight structure of the building of the fifth invention is the airtight structure according to any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein the airtight member is provided on the surface of the base plate and the first airtight portion attached to the upper surface of the straddle floor plate. A second hermetic portion attached, the first hermetic portion is sandwiched between the upper surface of the straddle floor plate and the lower end surface of the straddle inner wall plate, the second hermetic portion, It is sandwiched between the surface of the base plate and the back surface of the straddling inner wall plate.

  According to the present invention, the first hermetic portion affixed on the straddle floor plate in the airtight member is sandwiched between the upper surface of the straddle floor plate and the lower end surface of the straddle inner wall plate, and the surface of the base plate in the airtight member The second airtight part affixed to (in other words, the plate surface on the indoor space side) is sandwiched between the surface of the base plate and the back surface of the straddling inner wall plate. In this case, since the gap between the three members of the straddle floor board, the straddle inner wall board, and the base board is closed together by the airtight member, air (outside air) is prevented from entering the indoor space from the back side of the straddle inner wall board through the gap. can do. Therefore, the airtight performance can be improved.

  The airtight structure of the building of the sixth invention is the invention according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, wherein the inter-column heat insulating material is made of a fiber-based heat insulating material having a rectangular cross section in a natural state, Both corners on the indoor space side in the heat insulating material are respectively sandwiched between one pillar and the base plate among the adjacent pillars and between the other pillar and the base plate. Features.

  According to the present invention, since both corners on the indoor space side of the inter-column heat insulating material are sandwiched between the column and the base plate, the inter-column heat insulating material is disposed in contact with the base plate with certainty. be able to. Thereby, intrusion of air from under the floor through between the inter-column heat insulating material and the base plate can be reliably suppressed.

The perspective view which shows the structure of the boundary part periphery of an adjacent building unit. The perspective view which shows the state which removed some members in the structure of FIG. The cross-sectional view which shows the structure around the boundary part of an adjacent building unit. The perspective view which shows the airtight structure in the boundary part of an adjacent building unit. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the boundary part periphery of an inner wall connection surface material and a floor connection surface material. The perspective view which shows the state by which the double-sided tape was affixed on the back surface of the baseplate. The perspective view which shows the outline | summary of a unit type building. The perspective view which shows a building unit. Explanatory drawing for demonstrating the work procedure at the time of building the airtight structure in a unit boundary part. The cross-sectional view which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the heat insulating material between pillars in other embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the pillar assembly part periphery in other embodiment.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The building of the present embodiment is a unit type building constructed by combining a plurality of building units. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an outline of the unit type building, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the building unit.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a building 10 such as a house includes a building main body 12 provided on a foundation 11 and a roof 13 provided on the building main body 12. The building 10 is a two-story building, and has a first floor part 14 and a second floor part 15. The building body 12 is configured by connecting a plurality of building units 20 to each other.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the building unit 20 includes four columns 21 disposed at the four corners thereof, and four ceiling beams 22 and floor beams 23 that connect the upper end portion and the lower end portion of each column 21, respectively. And. A rectangular frame (frame) is formed by the pillars 21, the ceiling beams 22 and the floor beams 23. The column 21 is made of square tubular square steel, and the ceiling girder 22 and floor girder 23 are made of channel steel having a U-shaped cross section.

  A plurality of small ceiling beams 25 are bridged between the large ceiling beams 22 on the long sides of the building unit 20 at predetermined intervals. Similarly, a plurality of floor beams 26 are bridged at predetermined intervals between the opposing large floor beams 23 on the long sides of the building unit 20. The ceiling beam 25 and the floor beam 26 are provided at the same interval and at positions corresponding to the upper and lower sides, respectively. For example, the ceiling beam 25 is made of lip groove steel, and the floor beam 26 is made of square steel. The ceiling member 27 is supported by the ceiling beam 25 and the floor member 28 is supported by the floor beam 26.

  Next, the configuration around the boundary between adjacent building units 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration around a boundary portion (unit boundary portion) between adjacent building units 20. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which some members are removed in the configuration of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration around the unit boundary. 1 to 3 all show the vicinity of the unit boundary portion in the first floor portion 14 of the building 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the first floor portion 14 of the building 10 is provided with a living room K as an indoor space. The living room K is formed across the adjacent building units 20. The living room K is partitioned from the underfloor space X by the floor 31 and is partitioned from the outside by the outer wall 32.

  In the floor portion 31, floor joists 33 are respectively provided on the adjacent floor beams 23 of the adjacent building units 20. The floor joist 33 is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the floor beam 23, and a floor material 28 made of particle board is provided on the floor joist 33. The floor material 28 is placed only on a part of the upper surface of the floor joist 33 in the width direction, and the remaining part is a non-mounting portion 33a on which the floor material 28 is not placed.

  The floor materials 28 of adjacent building units 20 are arranged at a predetermined interval. Between the floor materials 28, a floor connecting surface material 34 is provided so as to connect the both floor materials 28. The floor connecting surface material 34 is made of a particle board having the same thickness as the floor surface material 28. The floor connecting face material 34 is placed across the floor joists 33 of the adjacent building units 20, and more specifically, is placed over the non-mounting portion 33 a of each floor joist 33. ing. The upper surface of the floor connecting surface material 34 is flush with the upper surface of each floor surface material 28, and the floor surface is formed by the upper surfaces of the floor surface materials 28, 34. The floor connecting face material 34 corresponds to a straddle floor board.

  The floor connecting surface material 34 is disposed so as to straddle each column 21 in the column arrangement direction in which the adjacent columns 21 of the adjacent building unit 20 are arranged. In this case, the end surface 34 a of the floor connecting surface material 34 faces the indoor side surface 21 a of each column 21. In addition, the boundary between the floor connecting surface material 34 and the floor surface material 28 is located at an intermediate portion (specifically, substantially central portion) of the columns 21 in the column arrangement direction. Therefore, in addition to the end surface 34 a of the floor connecting surface material 34, the end surface of the floor surface material 28 faces the indoor side surface 21 a of the column 21.

  The outer wall portion 32 includes an outer wall surface material 36 provided on the outdoor side and an inner wall surface material 37 provided on the indoor side. The outer wall surface material 36 is made of a ceramic siding board. A plurality of outer wall surface materials 36 are provided side by side, and the outer wall surface is formed by each of the outer wall surface materials 36. Although not shown, each outer wall surface member 36 is fixed to the ceiling beam 22 and the floor beam 23 via an outer wall frame.

  The inner wall surface material 37 is made of gypsum board. A plurality of inner wall surface materials 37 are provided side by side. The inner wall surface material 37 is provided in a state where the lower end portion is placed on the floor material 28. The inner wall surface material 37 is fixed to an inner wall base material 41 provided on the back side thereof with screws or the like. The inner wall base material 41 is a long material extending in the vertical direction, and is made of, for example, a wooden square. A plurality of inner wall base materials 41 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the inner wall surface material 37.

  The outer wall surface material 36 and the inner wall surface material 37 are previously attached to the building unit 20 in the unit manufacturing factory.

  Each inner wall surface material 37 of the adjacent building unit 20 is arrange | positioned at predetermined intervals. Between these inner wall surface materials 37, an inner wall connecting surface material 43 is provided so as to connect the both inner wall surface materials 37. The inner wall connecting surface material 43 is made of a gypsum board having the same thickness as the inner wall surface material 37. The indoor side surface of the inner wall connecting surface material 43 is flush with the indoor side surface of each inner wall surface material 37, and the inner wall surface is formed by the indoor side surface of each of the inner wall surface materials 37 and 43. The inner wall connecting face material 43 corresponds to a straddling inner wall plate.

  The width of the inner wall connecting face material 43 is larger than the width of the floor connecting face material 34. The inner wall connecting face material 43 is provided across the floor connecting face material 34 and the floor face material 28 on the indoor side of the adjacent pillars 21. In this case, the inner wall connecting face material 43 is provided in a state where the lower end portion thereof is placed on each of the floor face materials 28 and 34.

  The inner wall connecting face material 43 is fixed to an inner wall base material 45 provided on the back side thereof with screws or the like. The inner wall base material 45 has the same configuration as the inner wall base material 41 for the inner wall surface material 37. The inner wall base material 45 is provided on both sides of each column 21 adjacent in the column arrangement direction. Each of the inner wall base materials 45 is disposed in contact with the side surfaces 21b facing each other in each column 21 and is attached to the side surface 21b of the column 21 via a mounting bracket (not shown). The inner wall base material 45 corresponds to a vertical material.

  Each of the inner wall base materials 45 is provided in a state in which a part of the inner wall base material 45 projects to the indoor side (room K side) from the indoor side surface 21a of the column 21, and the projecting portion serves as a projecting portion 45a. . The inner wall connecting surface material 43 is disposed across the indoor side surface of the overhanging portion 45a of each inner wall base material 45, and is fixed to each inner wall base material 45 with screws or the like. Further, each inner wall base material 45 is disposed at both ends in the width direction of the inner wall connecting face material 43, and the side surfaces thereof are flush with the end face in the width direction of the inner wall connecting face material 43.

  An in-wall heat insulating material 47 is disposed between the outer wall surface material 36 and the inner wall surface material 37 facing each other in the outer wall portion 32. The in-wall heat insulating material 47 is made of glass wool and is formed in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness. The in-wall heat insulating material 47 is disposed along the back surface of the inner wall surface material 37 and is disposed in contact with the side surface 21 b of the column 21. The heat insulation performance of the outer wall portion 32 is ensured by the in-wall heat insulating material 47. An in-wall ventilation layer 49 extending in the vertical direction is formed between the in-wall heat insulating material 47 and the outer wall surface material 36.

  Between the opposing outer wall surface material 36 and the inner wall connecting surface material 43, the adjacent columns 21 of the adjacent building units 20 are respectively disposed. An inter-column heat insulating material 48 is disposed between the columns 21. The inter-column heat insulating material 48 is made of long glass wool, and the length in the longitudinal direction is substantially the same as the length of the column 21. The inter-column heat insulating material 48 has a rectangular cross section (a cross section in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction), and is disposed across the entire longitudinal direction of the columns 21 between the adjacent columns 21. . Specifically, the inter-column heat insulating material 48 has a thickness (length in the column arrangement direction) in a natural state larger than the interval between adjacent columns 21 and is disposed in a compressed state between the columns 21. . Thereby, the heat insulation performance and airtight performance between the adjacent pillars 21 are ensured.

  Further, the inter-column heat insulating material 48 is disposed close to the inside (the living room K) between the adjacent columns 21. An in-wall ventilation layer 51 extending vertically is formed between the inter-column heat insulating material 48 and the outer wall surface material 36 and between each column 21 and the outer wall surface material 36. The in-wall ventilation layer 51 is continuous with the in-wall ventilation layer 49.

  Next, an airtight structure at the boundary between adjacent building units 20 will be described. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing such an airtight structure. FIG. 5 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the periphery of the boundary portion between the inner wall connecting face material 43 and the floor connecting face material 34. 4 shows a state in which the inner wall connecting face material 43 is removed in the configuration of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a base plate 55 is attached to each adjacent column 21 of the adjacent building unit 20 across the indoor side surface 21 a of each column 21. The base plate 55 is made of a long rectangular plate and is made of metal. The length of the base plate 55 is the same as or slightly shorter than the interval (separation distance) between the inner wall base materials 45. Therefore, the length of the base plate 55 is longer than the width of the floor connecting face material 34. Further, the thickness of the base plate 55 is the same as or slightly smaller than the protruding amount of the protruding portion 45a (the protruding amount from the indoor side surface 21a of the column 21). The base plate 55 is formed with flexibility in the thickness direction.

  The base plate 55 is attached to each column 21 using a double-sided tape 56. The double-sided tape 56 is made of a butyl tape having adhesive surfaces on both sides. FIG. 6 shows a state where the double-sided tape 56 is attached to the back surface 55 a of the base plate 55. As shown in FIG. 6, the width of the double-sided tape 56 is smaller than the width of the base plate 55, and specifically, the width is substantially half the width of the base plate 55. The double-sided tape 56 is affixed over substantially the entire longitudinal direction of the base plate 55 at the center in the width direction of the base plate 55. In this case, the double-sided tape 56 corresponds to the adhesive portion.

  The base plate 55 is disposed between the overhanging portions 45 a of the inner wall base materials 45 so as to straddle the floor connecting surface material 34 and the floor surface materials 28. The base plate 55 is affixed (attached) to the indoor side surface 21a of each column 21 and the indoor side surface 48a of the inter-column heat insulating material 48 using the double-sided tape 56 in such an arrangement state. In this case, the double-sided tape 56 is applied across the entire region in the width direction (in other words, the column arrangement direction) of the indoor side surface 21a of each column 21 and the entire region in the width direction of the indoor side surface 48a of the inter-column heat insulating material 48. It has been. Therefore, double-sided tape is used for the gap between the back surface 55a of the base plate 55 and the indoor side surface 21a of each column 21, and the gap between the back surface 55a of the base plate 55 and the indoor side surface 48a of the inter-column heat insulating material 48, respectively. 56 is continuously interposed, and the above-mentioned gaps are closed by the double-sided tape 56.

  In the mounting state described above, the lower surface of the base plate 55 is in contact with or close to the upper surface of each floor material 28 and the upper surface of the floor connecting surface material 34, and both end portions in the longitudinal direction thereof are respectively The inner wall base material 45 is in contact with or close to the side surface of the overhanging portion 45a. Further, the surface 55b (indoor side surface) of the base plate 55 is flush with the indoor side surface of each inner wall base material 45 (overhang portion 45a).

  An airtight tape 58 is continuously attached to a boundary portion between the base plate 55 and the floor connecting surface material 34 and a boundary portion between the base plate 55 and each floor surface material 28. The airtight tape 58 is made of a butyl tape having an adhesive surface on one side. The airtight tape 58 is attached to the entire boundary portion between the base plate 55 and the floor connecting surface material 34 and the entire boundary portion between the base plate 55 and each floor surface material 28. The airtight tape 58 is applied across the surface 55b of the base plate 55 and the upper surface of the floor connecting surface material 34 at the boundary between the base plate 55 and the floor connecting surface material 34. In the boundary part with the face material 28, it is affixed across the surface 55b of the base plate 55 and the upper surface of the floor material 28. In this case, the portion of the airtight tape 58 that is affixed to the floor connecting surface material 34 and each floor surface material 28 is a floor affixing portion 58a, and the portion of the airtight tape 58 that is affixed to the base plate 55 is It is a base pasting portion 58b. Therefore, the airtight tape 58 is affixed so as to form an L shape by the base affixing part 58b and the floor affixing part 58a. The floor sticking part 58a corresponds to the first airtight part, and the base sticking part 58b corresponds to the second airtight part.

  As described above, the base plate 55 is attached to the indoor side surface 21a of each pillar 21 and the indoor side surface 48a of the inter-column heat insulating material 48 via the double-sided tape 56, and the base plate 55 and each floor surface material 28, 34, an airtight tape 58 is attached across the members 55 and 28 (34). In this case, the gap between the indoor side surface 21 a of each column 21 and the end surface 34 a of the floor connecting surface material 34 is closed from the upper side of the floor by the base plate 55, the double-sided tape 56 and the airtight tape 58. . Thereby, it is suppressed that outside air (air) flows into the floor (the back side of the inner wall connecting face material 43) from the underfloor space X through the gap.

  The inner wall connecting face material 43 described above is installed on the floor face materials 28 and 34 in a state where the airtight tape 58 is attached to the boundary portion between the floor face materials 28 and 34 and the base plate 55. The inner wall connecting face material 43 is installed on the floor face materials 28 and 34 in a state where the floor sticking portion 58a of the airtight tape 58 is sandwiched between the lower end face thereof and the upper surfaces of the floor face materials 28 and 34. Thereby, the clearance gap between the lower end of the inner wall connection surface material 43 and the floor surface materials 28 and 34 is block | closed by the floor sticking part 58a. Further, the floor sticking portion 58 a has a width (length in the thickness direction of the inner wall connecting face material 43) shorter than the thickness of the inner wall connecting face material 43. Therefore, the floor sticking portion 58a is prevented from protruding to the room K side.

  Between the back surface of the inner wall connecting face material 43 and the surface 55b of the base plate 55, a base sticking portion 58b of the airtight tape 58 is sandwiched. Thereby, the clearance gap between the baseplate 55 and the inner wall connecting surface material 43 is block | closed by the base sticking part 58b. Further, the back surface of the inner wall connecting face material 43 is in contact with the surface 55b of the base plate 55 or the surface of the base sticking portion 58b. In this case, the inner wall connecting face material 43 is supported from the back side by the base plate 55, and the base plate 55 functions as a support portion that supports the inner wall connecting face material 43. In the configuration in which the inner wall connecting surface material 43 is attached to each inner wall base material 45 at both ends in the width direction, there is a concern that bending in the thickness direction may occur at the intermediate portion in the width direction of the inner wall connecting surface material 43. Thus, the base plate 55 is caused to function as a support portion of the inner wall connecting face material 43, so that such bending can be suppressed. Therefore, it becomes possible to install the inner wall connecting face material 43 in a stable state.

  Next, an operation procedure for constructing the above-described airtight structure at the unit boundary will be described. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a work procedure when constructing such an airtight structure.

  First, a unit manufacturing process for manufacturing each building unit 20 is performed in a manufacturing factory. Thereafter, each manufactured building unit 20 is transported to a construction site by a truck or the like.

  At the construction site, first, a unit installation process for installing each building unit 20 at a predetermined position is performed. By performing this unit installation process, the boundary part of the adjacent building unit 20 in the 1st floor part 14 will be in the state shown to Fig.9 (a).

  Next, as illustrated in FIG. 9B, a heat insulating material disposing step of disposing the inter-column heat insulating material 48 between the adjacent columns 21 of the adjacent building unit 20 is performed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9C, a floor joining process is performed in which a floor joining surface material 34 is installed between the floor surface materials 28 of the adjacent building units 20.

  Next, as illustrated in FIG. 9D, a base plate attachment process for attaching the base plate 55 across the pillars 21 of the adjacent building units 20 is performed. A double-sided tape 56 is affixed to the base plate 55 in advance at the manufacturing plant, and the adhesive sheet on the column 21 side is still attached with release paper. Therefore, in this step, the release paper of the double-sided tape 56 is peeled off, and then the base plate 55 is straddled over the indoor side surface 21a of each column 21 and the indoor side surface 48a of the inter-column heat insulating material 48 using the double-sided tape 56. Do the pasting work.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9 (e), an airtight tape 58 is applied along the boundary between the base plate 55 and the floor connecting surface material 34 and the boundary between the base plate 55 and each floor surface material 28. An airtight process is performed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9 (f), an inner wall connecting step of installing an inner wall connecting surface material 43 between the inner wall surface materials 37 of the adjacent building units 20 is performed. In this step, the inner wall connecting face material 43 is fixed to each inner wall base material 45 (overhang portion 45a) with screws or the like.

  As mentioned above, according to the structure of this embodiment explained in full detail, the following outstanding effects are acquired.

  A base plate 55 is attached across the indoor side surface 21a of each adjacent column 21 of the adjacent building unit 20, and the base plate 55 is spread over the entire width direction of the floor connecting surface material 34 on the floor connecting surface material 34. Arranged. And the airtight tape 58 was affixed over the whole boundary part of the baseplate 55 and the floor joining surface material 34 so that these both members 34 and 55 might be straddled. In this case, since the gap between the floor connecting surface material 34 and each column 21 can be closed from the upper side of the floor using the base plate 55 and the airtight tape 58, outside air can flow from the lower side of the floor through the gap (more specifically, Inflow to the inner wall connecting face material 43 can be suppressed. Thereby, the airtight performance in the boundary part of the adjacent building unit 20 is securable.

  Further, as a method of closing the gap between the floor connecting surface material 34 and each column 21, an airtight tape is directly applied to the boundary portion between the floor connecting surface material 34 and each column 21 in a state of straddling both of them. A method is also conceivable. However, in that case, if there is a shift in the wall thickness direction between the pillars 21, wrinkles may occur in the hermetic tape due to the shift and it may be difficult to apply the hermetic tape well. . In that respect, because the airtight tape 58 is applied along the boundary between the base plate 55 and the floor connecting surface material 34 that are mounted across the columns 21, even if there is a deviation between the columns 21, The airtight tape 58 can be attached relatively easily. Therefore, the airtight performance at the unit boundary can be suitably ensured.

  Incidentally, when the shift | offset | difference to the wall thickness direction has arisen between each pillar 21, it attaches to each pillar 21 in the state which bent the baseplate 55 to the same direction according to the shift | offset | difference.

  Further, as a method of airtight between the column 21 and the floor connecting surface material 34, a method of airtight by blowing a foamed urethane-based airtight spray to the boundary portion between the column 21 and the floor connecting surface material 34 is also conceivable. However, such a method may cause a problem that the finish becomes dirty or unevenness easily occurs, and when the inner wall connecting face material 43 is installed after the airtight treatment, the inner wall connecting face material 43 is placed on the foam. There is also a problem that the assembly is difficult in the state. In this respect, in the above-described airtight structure in which the base plate 55 and the airtight tape 58 are used for airtightness, the airtight performance can be ensured while avoiding such a problem.

  An inner wall base material 45 is provided on both sides of each column 21 in the column arrangement direction of the adjacent columns 21 of the adjacent building unit 20, and a part of each inner wall base material 45 is located on the indoor side of the column 21. It overhanged to make the overhanging part 45a. Then, a base plate 55 is disposed between each of the overhang portions 45 a, and the surface (indoor side surface) of the base plate 55 is flush with the indoor side surface of the overhang portion 45 a of the inner wall base material 45. In this case, when the inner wall connecting face material 43 is attached to the indoor side surface of each inner wall base material 45 (the overhanging portion 45a), the back surface of the inner wall connecting face material 43 is on the base plate 55 side (specifically, the base plate 55 or the airtight tape 58). Since the base plate 55 abuts on the base pasting portion 58b), the base plate 55 can support the inner wall connecting face material 43 from the back side. As a result, the base plate 55 used as the base of the airtight tape 58 can also function as a support portion for the inner wall connecting face material 43, and the base plate 55 can be multi-functionalized.

  In addition, since the length of the base plate 55 is the same as the interval between the overhang portions 45a and the base plate 55 is provided so as to straddle between the overhang portions 43a, The inner wall connecting face material 43 can be supported from the back side in the whole area. Thereby, the inner wall connecting face material 43 can be supported in a stable state.

  A double-sided tape 56 was affixed to the back surface 55 a of the base plate 55, and the base plate 55 was attached to each column 21 and the inter-column heat insulating material 48 using the adhesive force of the double-sided tape 56. In this case, the base plate 55 can be attached by a simple operation such as attaching the base plate 55 to each column 21 and the inter-column heat insulating material 48 using the double-sided tape 56. Further, since the double-sided tape 56 is interposed between the base plate 55 and each column 21 and between the base plate 55 and the inter-column heat insulating material 48, both the members 55 and 21 (55, 48) are double-sided. It can be closed with tape 56. Therefore, it is possible to reliably suppress the inflow of outside air from under the floor through the inter-member 55, 21 (55, 48). Thereby, the airtight performance in a unit boundary part can be secured more suitably.

  In addition, since the base plate 55 is attached (attached) not only to each column 21 but also to the inter-column heat insulating material 48, the inter-column heat insulating material 48 can be securely adhered to the base plate 55. Thereby, compared with the case where the inter-column heat insulating material 48 is simply placed in close contact with the base plate 55 or the floor connecting surface material 34, the inter-column heat insulating material 48 and the base plate 55 (or the floor connecting surface material 34). It is possible to reliably suppress the inflow of outside air from under the floor through.

  The floor sticking portion 58a attached to the upper surface of the floor connecting surface material 34 in the airtight tape 58 is sandwiched between the lower end surface of the inner wall connecting surface material 43 and the upper surface of the floor connecting surface material 34. The base pasting portion 58b pasted on the front surface 55b is sandwiched between the back surface of the inner wall connecting face material 43 and the front surface 55b of the base plate 55. In this case, since the gaps between the three of the floor connecting face material 34, the inner wall connecting face material 43, and the base plate 55 are collectively closed by the airtight tape 58, the living room is opened from the back side of the inner wall connecting face material 43 through the gap. Air (outside air) can be prevented from entering K. Therefore, the airtight performance can be improved.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be implemented as follows, for example.

  (1) In the above embodiment, the airtight tape 58 is attached to the boundary portion between the base plate 55 and the floor connecting surface material 34 and the boundary portion between the base plate 55 and the floor surface material 28, respectively. Then, for example, it may be attached only to the boundary portion (specifically, the entire boundary portion) between the base plate 55 and the floor connecting surface material 34. Even in that case, it is possible to suppress the outside air from flowing from the underfloor space X onto the floor (the back side of the inner wall connecting surface material 43) through the space between the pillars 21 and the floor connecting surface material 34.

  In addition, when the airtight tape 58 has the above-described sticking mode, the base plate 55 may be shortened according to the length of the airtight tape 58. For example, the length of the base plate 55 may be the same as or slightly longer than the width of the floor connecting surface material 34.

  (2) In the above embodiment, the base plate 55 is attached to each column 21 and the inter-column heat insulating material 48 using the double-sided tape 56 as the adhesive portion. You may attach the baseplate 55 to each pillar 21 and the heat insulating material 48 between pillars using an agent. In this case, the adhesive layer formed by the adhesive serves as an adhesive portion, and the adhesive portion (adhesive layer) can block the gap between the base plate 55 and the columns 21 and the inter-column heat insulating material 48.

  Further, the base plate 55 may be attached to each column 21 using screws, nails or the like. In this case, the inter-column heat insulating material 48 is disposed in close contact with the back surface 55 a of the base plate 55.

  (3) In the above embodiment, the base pasting portion 58b of the airtight tape 58 is sandwiched between the inner wall connecting face material 43 and the base plate 55, but the base sticking portion 58b is sandwiched between the inner wall connecting face material 43 and the base plate 55. You may make it not pinch | interpose between. Further, the inner wall connecting face material 43 is disposed more indoors than the floor sticking portion 58a of the airtight tape 58, and the floor sticking portion 58a is not sandwiched between the lower end surface of the inner wall connecting face material 43 and the floor connecting face material 34. You may do it. In this case, it is desirable that the boundary portion between the inner wall connecting face material 43 and the floor connecting face material 34 is separately airtight with an airtight tape.

  When the base pasting portion 58 b is not sandwiched between the inner wall connecting face material 43 and the base plate 55, the base plate 55 and the base sticking portion 58 b are arranged apart from the back surface of the inner wall connecting face material 43. Will be. Therefore, in this case, the base plate 55 does not function as a support portion for supporting the inner wall connecting face material 43 from the back surface side, but merely functions as a base for attaching the airtight tape 58.

  (4) A plate-like cushion material having flexibility may be provided on the back surface 55 a side of the base plate 55. For example, it is conceivable to provide such a cushion material on the double-sided tape 56. Specifically, it is conceivable that the double-sided tape includes a cushion material and a pair of adhesive layers formed on both sides of the cushion material. In this case, since a cushioning material can be interposed between the base plate 55 and the column 21 in a state in which the base plate 55 is attached to (attached to) each column 21, a positional shift (step difference) between the columns 21. ) Can be absorbed by compression of the cushioning material. Thereby, even when the step between the pillars 21 is large, the step can be absorbed, and the step absorption performance can be improved.

  Further, the base plate 55 may be formed of a material having excellent flexibility such as a rubber material. Even in such a case, by bending the base plate 55, it is possible to absorb the step even when the step between the columns 21 is large, and the step absorption performance can be improved.

  (5) For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the two corners 48 b and 48 c on the indoor side (room K side) in the inter-column heat insulating material 48 are each between one column 21 and the base plate 55 among the adjacent columns 21. You may make it pinch | interpose between the other pillar 21 and the baseplate 55 between. In that case, since the inter-column heat insulating material 48 can be disposed in a state in which the inter-column heat insulating material 48 is reliably in contact with (attached to) the back surface 55a of the base plate 55, the inter-column heat insulating material 48 and the base plate 55 are exposed from under the floor. The entry of air can be reliably suppressed.

  (6) Although glass wool (fiber-based heat insulating material) is used as the inter-column heat insulating material 48 in the above embodiment, other fiber heat insulating materials such as rock wool and cellulose fiber can be used in addition to glass wool. Further, as the inter-column heat insulating material 48, it is not always necessary to use a fiber heat insulating material, and a foamed plastic heat insulating material such as polyethylene foam or phenol foam can also be used.

  (7) In the above-described embodiment, in the configuration in which the adjacent columns 21 of the adjacent building units 20 are provided inside the outer wall portion 32, the present invention is provided at the boundary between the columns 21 and the floor connecting surface material 34. However, in the configuration in which the adjacent pillars 21 of the adjacent building units 20 are provided inside the partition wall portion that partitions the plurality of indoor spaces, for example, the pillars 21 and the floor connecting surface material 34 are provided. The airtight structure of the present invention may be applied to the boundary between the two.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, a plurality of (four) inner wall surfaces 61 are provided so as to surround each of the pillars 21 in the pillar assembly portion where the pillars 21 of the four building units 20 gather. Each of these inner wall surface materials 61 may be installed on the floor connecting surface material 34, respectively. Therefore, in such a configuration, the airtight structure of the present invention may be applied to the boundary portion between each adjacent column 21 and the floor connecting surface material 34. In this case, each inner wall surface member 61 corresponds to a straddling inner wall plate provided across the adjacent building units 20.

  (8) In the above embodiment, the airtight structure of the present invention is applied to the boundary portion of the adjacent building unit 20 in the first floor portion 14, but this is applied to the boundary portion of the adjacent building unit 20 in the second floor portion 15. The hermetic structure of the invention may be applied.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Building, 20 ... Building unit, 21 ... Pillar, 28 ... Floor surface material, 34 ... Floor connecting surface material as straddling floor board, 43 ... Inner wall connecting surface material as straddling inner wall board, 45 ... Inner wall base as vertical material Material 45a ... Overhang part 48 ... Interstitial insulation material 55 ... Base plate 56 ... Double-sided tape as adhesive part 58 ... Airtight tape as airtight member 58a ... Floor sticking part as first airtight part, 58b: a base pasting part as a second airtight part, K: a living room as an indoor space.

Claims (6)

A building constructed by combining a plurality of building units each having a column and a beam,
A straddle floorboard that is a floorboard straddling adjacent building units;
A straddle inner wall plate that is an inner wall plate provided across the adjacent building units;
The straddle inner wall plate is disposed on the straddle floor plate so as to cover each adjacent column of the adjacent building unit from the indoor space side,
The straddle floor plate is applied to a unit-type building that is disposed in a state where its end surface is opposed to the side surface on the indoor space side of each of the adjacent columns,
Inter-column heat insulating material provided between the adjacent columns;
On the back side of the straddling inner wall plate, the straddle floor plate extends over the adjacent columns, and is disposed over at least the entire width direction of the straddle floor plate. A base plate attached to each side of the indoor space side;
A sheet-like airtight member provided across the entire boundary portion of the base plate and the straddle floor plate, and pasted across the base plate and the straddle floor plate;
An airtight structure of a building characterized by comprising   2. The airtight structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein the base plate functions as a support portion that supports the straddle inner wall plate from the back side. Vertical members are provided on both sides of each column in the direction in which the adjacent columns are arranged,
Each of the vertical members has a protruding portion that protrudes to the indoor space side than the pillar,
The straddle inner wall plate is attached to the surface on the indoor space side in the overhanging portion of each vertical member,
The base plate is disposed between the overhang portions of the vertical members, and extends so as to straddle both overhang portions.
The airtight structure of a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a surface of the base plate is flush with a surface on the indoor space side in the projecting portion of each vertical member. An adhesive part is provided on the back side of the base plate,
Due to the adhesive force of the adhesive part, the base plate is attached to each of the adjacent pillars and the inter-column heat insulating material,
4. The adhesive unit according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive portion is interposed between the base plate and each of the columns and between the base plate and the inter-column heat insulating material. 5. The airtight structure of the building described in the section. The airtight member has a first airtight portion attached to the upper surface of the straddle floor plate, and a second airtight portion attached to the surface of the base plate,
The first hermetic portion is sandwiched between the upper surface of the straddle floor plate and the lower end surface of the straddle inner wall plate,
The said 2nd airtight part is pinched | interposed between the surface of the said base plate, and the back surface of the said straddle inner wall board, The airtight structure of the building as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. The inter-column heat insulating material is made of a fiber heat insulating material having a rectangular cross section in a natural state,
The corners on the indoor space side of the inter-column heat insulating material are respectively sandwiched between one of the adjacent columns and the base plate, and between the other column and the base plate. The airtight structure of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the airtight structure is a building.

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