JP6491753B2 - 低温焼結性に優れる金属ペースト及び該金属ペーストの製造方法 - Google Patents
低温焼結性に優れる金属ペースト及び該金属ペーストの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6491753B2 JP6491753B2 JP2017536433A JP2017536433A JP6491753B2 JP 6491753 B2 JP6491753 B2 JP 6491753B2 JP 2017536433 A JP2017536433 A JP 2017536433A JP 2017536433 A JP2017536433 A JP 2017536433A JP 6491753 B2 JP6491753 B2 JP 6491753B2
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- Prior art keywords
- silver
- metal paste
- silver particles
- molecular weight
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- FAXDZWQIWUSWJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxypropan-1-amine Chemical compound COCCCN FAXDZWQIWUSWJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KKKDGYXNGYJJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver nitrite Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N=O KKKDGYXNGYJJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
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- CLDWGXZGFUNWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;benzoate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CLDWGXZGFUNWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- DOQQTKLDEQSKIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;isocyanate Chemical compound [Ag+].[N-]=C=O DOQQTKLDEQSKIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/30—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with decomposition of metal compounds, e.g. by pyrolysis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
- B22F1/0545—Dispersions or suspensions of nanosized particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
- B22F1/056—Submicron particles having a size above 100 nm up to 300 nm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
- B23K35/025—Pastes, creams, slurries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
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Description
原料となる銀化合物として炭酸銀102.2gを銀含有量で80.0gとなるようにして使用した。この銀化合物は、水37.3g(炭酸銀100質量部に対して36.4wt%)を加えて湿潤状態にしたものを用意した。
以上で得られた銀粒子を固形分とし、これに溶剤としてテキサノールを混練した後、下記表に示す添加剤を添加・混合して金属ペーストを製造した。添加剤としては、ポリビニルブチラール(PVB)、ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)、エトキシ含有量が48.0〜49.6%のエチルセルロース(ダウケミカル社製 ETHOCEL(登録商標))であるSTD100(数平均分子量63420)、又はSTD7(数平均分子量17347)を使用した。銀粒子の含有量はペースト全体に対し70wt%、添加剤の含有量はペースト全体に対し2.0wt%とした。製造したペーストについては、粘度、TI値(η10/η50)を測定した。結果を下記表に示す。
上記で製造した各金属ペーストを、スクリーンマスク上から基材(PET又はガラス)にスクリーン印刷した。その後、10分間レベリングし、120℃で1時間焼成し、焼結体を得た。焼結体について、四探針法を用いて抵抗値を測定し、膜厚を測定後、体積抵抗値を算出した。
上記で金属ペーストを転写した基板につき、基材(PET、ガラス)に対する密着性を評価した。PET基材への密着性は、ピール試験で評価した。ピール試験は、焼結体に10本×10本(100マトリックス)の切り込みをカッターで入れた後、焼結体に粘着テープを貼り付けた。その後、粘着テープを一気に剥がし、残存する焼結体のマトリックスの個数を数えた。また、ガラス基材への密着性は、焼結体に凹凸表面(ラテックス手袋)を摩擦させて、焼結体が剥離するかどうかで評価した。焼結体が剥離しなかったものを○、剥離したものを×とした。
上記で金属ペーストを転写した基板につき、SEM写真(図2)において、ライン部分がスクリーンマスクで設計した転写形状と同等であって、ライン部分の境界線が明瞭であるものを◎、ライン部分に凹凸などの変形や欠損等が多少生じているが、ライン部分の境界線が明瞭であるものを○、ライン部分に変形や欠損等が生じているものの、実用上差し支えのないものを△、ライン部分に大きな変形や欠損が生じており、ライン部分の境界線が不明瞭であるものを×とした。
添加剤として、2種類のエチルセルロースを含む金属ペーストを製造し、各種特性を評価した。エチルセルロース(STD100、STD7)を、ペースト全体に対し下記含有量となるように添加して金属ペーストを製造し、特性評価を行った。基材はPETとし、その他の製造条件は、第一実施形態と同様である。結果を下記表及び図5に示す。
本実施形態では、第二実施形態と同様、添加剤として2種類のエチルセルロースを含む金属ペーストを製造して各種特性を評価した。添加したエチルセルロースは、高分子量エチルセルロースとして、エトキシ含有量が48.0〜49.6%のエチルセルロース(ダウケミカル社製 ETHOCEL(登録商標))であるSTD45(数平均分子量56489)、又は、STD200(数平均分子量80733)を使用した。低分子量エチルセルロースとしては、STD7を添加した。2種類のエチルセルロースを添加して金属ペーストを製造し、特性評価を行った。基材はPETとし、その他の製造条件は、第一実施形態と同様である。結果を下記表5に示す。表5には、第二実施形態のSTD100とSTD7を添加した金属ペーストの結果(2−l)の結果を併せて記載している。
本実施形態では、第二実施形態と同様、添加剤として2種類のエチルセルロースを含む金属ペーストを製造して各種特性を評価した。添加したエチルセルロースは、高分子量エチルセルロースとして、STD100を添加した。そして、低分子量エチルセルロースとして、エトキシ含有量が48.0〜49.6%のエチルセルロース(ダウケミカル社製 ETHOCEL(登録商標))であるSTD4(数平均分子量13742)、又は、STD10(数平均分子量22760)を添加した。2種類のエチルセルロースを添加して金属ペーストを製造し、特性評価を行った。基材はPETとし、その他の製造条件は、第一実施形態と同様である。結果を下記表6に示す。表6には、第二実施形態のSTD100とSTD7を添加した金属ペーストの結果(2−l)の結果を併せて記載している。
本実施形態では、金属ペースト中における銀化合物やアミン化合物の好適条件を確認すべく、各種条件で製造した銀粒子について、熱分析、焼結特性及び焼結体の抵抗の評価を行った。
原料となる銀化合物としてシュウ酸銀1.41g又は炭酸銀1.28gを銀含有量で1gとなるようにして使用した。これらの銀化合物に関しては、乾燥品のまま使用する場合と、水0.3g(シュウ酸銀100質量部に対して21質量部、炭酸銀100質量部に対して23質量部)を加えて湿潤状態にしたものを用意した。
上記銀粒子を固形分とし、溶剤としてテキサノールを混練して金属ペーストを製造した。このときの固形分の割合は80〜95質量%である。製造した金属ペーストについては、適宜にサンプリングしてSEM観察を行い粒径分布を測定した。また、CHN元素分析(株式会社ジェイ・サイエンスラボ製、JM10)によりN含有量を測定して、銀含有量との比(N質量%/Ag質量%)を算出した。
上記で製造した金属ペーストを低温で焼結させて、焼結の有無、焼結体の電気抵抗、密着性(接合力)を評価した。この低温焼結試験は、各金属ペーストをSi基板(金めっき付)に50mg塗布(膜厚50μmを目標とした)し、昇温速度2℃/minで150℃まで昇温し、150℃に達した段階で2時間保持して焼結させた。焼結体について、SEM観察し焼結体形成の有無を評価した後、体積抵抗率を測定した。また、第一実施形態と同様に、ピール試験にて密着性を評価した。本実施形態で製造した金属ペーストについての分析結果及び低温焼結試験の結果を表6に示す。また、図6に、粒径分布の測定結果の例として3−a、c、eの結果を示す。
次に、一定の昇温速度をもって金属ペーストを加熱するTG−DTA分析(示差熱分析)を行い、銀粒子の焼結に起因する発熱ピークの数及び発生温度を確認した。この試験では、加熱温度に変化が無い上記の低温焼結試験で行った熱履歴(150℃に2時間保持)よりも、熱的挙動の解析に好適といえる。本試験では、昇温速度を、5℃/分〜20℃/分とするのが好ましい。また、測定温度範囲は、室温から500℃とし、10℃/分の昇温速度で測定を行った。
本実施形態では、バインダーとしてポリエステル樹脂を添加して金属ペーストを製造し、その特性を評価した。第二実施形態のSTD100とSTD7を添加した金属ペースト(2−l)を基に、分子量16000のポリエステル樹脂0.5〜2.0質量%含有する金属ペーストを製造した。本実施形態では、基材として液晶ポリマーを用いた。そして、製造した金属ペーストを、スクリーンマスク上から基材にスクリーン印刷した。その後、10分間レベリングし、200℃で1時間焼成し、焼結体を得た。焼結体について、四探針法を用いて抵抗値を測定し、膜厚を測定後、体積抵抗値を算出した。更に、第一実施形態と同様にして、密着性と印刷性を評価した。この結果を表10に示す。
Claims (8)
- 銀粒子からなる固形分と溶剤とを混練してなる金属ペーストにおいて、
前記固形分が、粒径100〜200nmの銀粒子を粒子数基準で30%以上含む銀粒子で構成されており、かつ、銀粒子全体の平均粒径が60〜800nmであり、
固形分を構成する銀粒子は、保護剤として炭素数の総和が4〜8のアミン化合物が結合したものであり、
更に、添加剤として、数平均分子量が40000〜90000である高分子量エチルセルロースを含む金属ペースト。 - 添加剤として、数平均分子量が5000〜30000である低分子量エチルセルロースを、更に含む請求項1に記載の金属ペースト。
- 低分子量エチルセルロースの含有量(CLOW)は、高分子量エチルセルロースの含有量(CHIGH)に対する割合(CLOW/CHIGH)で0.05〜1.0とする請求項2に記載の金属ペースト。
- 保護剤であるアミン化合物は、ブチルアミン、1,4−ジアミノブタン、3−メトキシプロピルアミン、ペンチルアミン、2,2−ジメチルプロピルアミン、3−エトキシプロピルアミン、N,N−ジメチル−1,3−ジアミノプロパン、3−エトキシプロピルアミン、ヘキシルアミン、ヘプチルアミン、N,N−ジエチル−1,3−ジアミノプロパン、ベンジルアミンの少なくともいずれかである請求項1〜請求項3のいずれかに記載の金属ペースト。
- 溶剤は、炭素数8〜16で構造内にOH基を有する沸点280℃以下の有機溶剤である請求項1〜請求項4のいずれかに記載の金属ペースト。
- 銀粒子からなる固形分を製造し、前記固形分と溶剤とを混練する金属ペーストの製造方法において、
前記銀粒子の製造工程は、(1)熱分解性を有する銀化合物とアミン化合物とを混合して前駆体である銀−アミン錯体を製造する工程と、(2)前記前駆体を含む反応系を前記銀−アミン錯体の分解温度以上に加熱して銀粒子を析出させる工程とからなり、
前記(2)の加熱前に反応系の水分含有量を、銀化合物100質量部に対して5〜100質量部とし、
金属ペースト中に添加剤として、数平均分子量が40000〜90000である高分子量エチルセルロースを含む金属ペーストの製造方法。 - 熱分解性を有する銀化合物は、シュウ酸銀、硝酸銀、酢酸銀、炭酸銀、亜硝酸銀、安息香酸銀、シアン酸銀、クエン酸銀、乳酸銀のいずれか1種である請求項6又は請求項7記載の金属ペーストの製造方法。
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US11967441B2 (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2024-04-23 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. | Metal wiring and conductive sheet both excellent in bending resistance, and metal paste for forming the metal wiring |
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US20180193913A1 (en) | 2018-07-12 |
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