JP6468511B2 - Vibration detection device, rotating machine, vibration detection method and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration detection device, a rotating machine, a vibration detection method, and a program.

  In a steam turbine or the like, there has been proposed a technique for grasping vibration of a moving blade rotating around a rotation axis of a rotor by using a plurality of sensors arranged on the casing side (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this case, the vibration generated in the rotating rotor blade is measured by measuring the deviation on the time axis of the passage timing from the detection signal (pulse signal) detected when the tip surface of the rotor blade passes the sensor. Can be grasped.

JP 2001-165089 A

  Since the plurality of sensors described above detect the passage of the moving blade rotating in the circumferential direction, the degree (amplitude) of the vibration in the circumferential direction of the moving blade can be observed based on the passage timing. However, the outer edge of the tip surface of the rotor blade has a shape that is inclined with respect to the circumferential direction (passing direction). Then, when the moving blade is also vibrating in the direction of the rotation axis, the deviation of the detection point in the direction of the rotation axis causes a deviation in the passage timing in the circumferential direction with respect to the sensor. In other words, the amplitude acquired based on the detection signal of the sensor is actually a mixture of the vibration component in the circumferential direction and the vibration component in the rotation axis direction, and therefore accurately grasps the vibration mode of the moving blade. I couldn't.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration detection device, a rotating machine, a vibration detection method, and a program that can accurately grasp the mode of vibration generated in a moving blade. .

  In one aspect of the present invention, detection points at the outer edge of the tip surface are arranged in the circumferential direction in the stationary portion so as to face the tip surface of the rotor blade rotating around the rotation axis of the rotor, and according to the rotation of the rotor blade A tip detection signal input unit that receives input of detection signals from a plurality of tip sensors that detect the passage of the blade, and acquires an observed vibration waveform corresponding to the vibration of the moving blades based on the detection signals from the plurality of tip sensors An observation vibration waveform acquisition unit, an inclination acquisition unit for acquiring a degree of inclination of the outer edge of the tip surface at the detection point with respect to the rotation axis direction, an amplitude of the moving blade in the rotation axis direction, and the circumference of the moving blade An amplitude ratio acquisition unit that acquires an amplitude ratio that is a ratio to a direction amplitude, the degree of inclination acquired by the inclination acquisition unit, the amplitude ratio acquired by the amplitude ratio acquisition unit, and the observation vibration waveform acquisition Department takes And the observation vibration waveform, based on a vibration detection device and a real oscillation waveform acquisition unit that acquires an actual vibration waveform indicating the actual vibration of the circumferential direction of the rotor blade.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, in the above-described vibration detection device, the actual vibration waveform acquisition unit multiplies the observed vibration waveform by a correction coefficient calculated based on the degree of inclination and the amplitude ratio. To obtain the actual vibration waveform.

  Further, according to one aspect of the present invention, in the above-described vibration detection device, the inclination acquisition unit receives a detection signal input from a proximal sensor that detects a position in the rotation axis direction at the proximal end of the moving blade. Based on the detection signal input unit and the detection signal from the base end sensor, a correspondence relationship between the position in the rotation axis direction at the base end of the moving blade and the degree of inclination at the detection point is defined. An inclination specifying unit that specifies the degree of inclination at the detection point from the correspondence information.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, in the above-described vibration detection device, the tilt acquisition unit receives an input of imaging data from an imaging unit that is attached so that the detection point at which the tip sensor detects passage can be imaged. A data input unit; and an imaging data analysis unit that specifies the degree of inclination at the detection point based on imaging data including the detection point acquired by the imaging unit.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, in the above-described vibration detection device, the inclination acquisition unit is the tip sensor, and the first tip sensor detects the passage of the first detection point at the outer edge of the tip surface. A sub-detection signal input unit that receives an input of a detection signal and a detection signal from the second tip sensor that detects passage of a second detection point at an outer edge of the tip surface; The first detection based on an interval between the detection point and the second detection point in the rotation axis direction and a difference between a detection time of passage of the first detection point and a detection time of passage of the second detection point. A detection signal analysis unit that specifies the degree of inclination at the point.

  Another embodiment of the present invention is a rotary machine including the above-described vibration detection device, the plurality of tip sensors, and the moving blade in the above-described vibration detection device.

  Also, one aspect of the present invention is arranged in the circumferential direction in the stationary portion so as to face the tip surface of the moving blade rotating around the rotation axis of the rotor, and at the outer edge of the tip surface according to the rotation of the moving blade. Receiving detection signal inputs from a plurality of tip sensors that detect passage of detection points; calculating an observed vibration waveform corresponding to the vibration of the moving blade based on the detection signals from the plurality of tip sensors; , A step of obtaining the degree of inclination of the outer edge of the tip surface at the detection point with respect to the rotation axis direction, and the ratio of the amplitude of the moving blade in the rotation axis direction and the amplitude of the moving blade in the circumferential direction. Based on the step of acquiring the amplitude ratio, the degree of inclination, the amplitude ratio, and the observed vibration waveform, a step of acquiring an actual vibration waveform indicating actual vibration in the circumferential direction of the moving blade. When a vibration detection method with.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, the computer of the vibration detection device is arranged in the circumferential direction in the stationary portion so as to face the tip surface of the moving blade that rotates about the rotation axis of the rotor, and is adapted to the rotation of the moving blade. Tip detection signal input means for receiving input of detection signals from a plurality of tip sensors for detecting passage of detection points at the outer edge of the tip surface, and the vibration of the moving blades based on the detection signals from the plurality of tip sensors. Observation vibration waveform acquisition means for acquiring the corresponding observation vibration waveform, inclination acquisition means for acquiring the degree of inclination of the outer edge of the tip surface at the detection point with respect to the rotation axis direction, and the amplitude of the rotor blade in the rotation axis direction; Amplitude ratio acquisition means for acquiring an amplitude ratio that is a ratio with the circumferential amplitude of the rotor blade, the degree of inclination acquired by the inclination acquisition means, and the amplitude ratio acquisition means acquired Based on the amplitude ratio and the observed vibration waveform obtained by the observed vibration waveform obtaining means, an actual vibration waveform obtaining means for obtaining an actual vibration waveform indicating the actual vibration in the circumferential direction of the moving blade, It is a program that makes it work.

  According to the above-described vibration detection device, rotating machine, vibration detection method, and program, it is possible to accurately grasp the mode of vibration generated in the moving blade.

It is a figure showing the outline of the steam turbine concerning a 1st embodiment. It is the 1st figure showing the structure of the steam turbine concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a 2nd figure which shows the structure of the steam turbine which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a 3rd figure which shows the structure of the steam turbine which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the function structure of the vibration detection apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a 1st figure explaining the function of the observation vibration waveform acquisition part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a 2nd figure explaining the function of the observation vibration waveform acquisition part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the function of the inclination acquisition part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the function of the real vibration waveform acquisition part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the steam turbine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the function structure of the vibration detection apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the steam turbine which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the function structure of the vibration detection apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, the steam turbine according to the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.

[Structure of steam turbine]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overview of a steam turbine according to a first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, a steam turbine 1 that is an embodiment of a rotating machine forms a casing by enclosing a rotor 2 that rotates around a rotation axis O using an inflowing steam A as a power source, and the entire rotor 2. A casing 3 (stationary portion).
A plurality of moving blades 20 extending in the radial direction are provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 2. The plurality of moving blades 20 rotate around the rotation axis O together with the rotor 2. A plurality of stationary blades 30 are attached to the inner wall surface of the casing 3 so as to be alternately arranged with the moving blades 20.

  A plurality of tip sensors S <b> 1 corresponding to the moving blades 20 provided on the rotor 2 are provided on the inner wall surface of the casing 3. The tip sensor S <b> 1 detects passage of a detection point at the outer edge of the tip surface according to the rotation of the moving blade 20.

FIG. 2 is a first diagram illustrating the structure of the steam turbine according to the first embodiment.
Specifically, FIG. 2 shows an aspect of a plurality of tip sensors S1 arranged in the casing 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of tip sensors S <b> 1 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis O so as to face the tip surface of the moving blade 20 (FIG. 1) on the inner wall surface of the casing 3. The The tip sensor S <b> 1 is thus arranged, and sequentially detects passage of the tip surface of the blade 20 according to the rotation of the blade 20.

FIG. 3 is a second diagram illustrating the structure of the steam turbine according to the first embodiment.
Specifically, FIG. 3 shows the positional relationship between the rotor blade 20 and the rotor 2, the casing 3, and the indoor wall 4 disposed around the rotor blade 20.
As shown in FIG. 3, the moving blade 20 is fixedly installed on a disk 2 a protruding in the radial direction of the rotor 2 at the base end.

  The plurality of tip sensors S <b> 1 (see FIG. 2) are provided at positions facing the tip surface 20 </ b> S of the moving blade 20 in the rotation axis direction of the inner wall surface of the casing 3. The positional relationship between the tip sensor S1 and the moving blade 20 will be described later (see FIG. 4).

The indoor wall 4 is a wall disposed on one end side of the rotor 2 extending in the rotation axis direction (± Z direction). The indoor wall 4 is provided with a proximal sensor S2. The base end sensor S2 can detect the position in the rotational axis direction (the base end side rotational axis direction position a) of the disk 2a (that is, the base end of the moving blade 20) disposed on one end side in the rotational axis direction of the rotor 2. Is provided.
Here, during the operation of the steam turbine 1, the rotor 2 may vary in position in the rotational axis direction with respect to the casing 3 (and the indoor wall 4) due to its structure. By acquiring the detection signal of the proximal sensor S2 provided on the indoor wall 4, the position of the rotor 2 in the rotation axis direction relative to the casing 3 during operation can be specified.

  Both the detection signals detected by the plurality of distal end sensors S1 and the detection signal detected by the proximal end sensor S2 provided on the indoor wall 4 are directed to the vibration detection device 5 which is a terminal device capable of communicating online. Is output.

FIG. 4 is a third diagram illustrating the structure of the steam turbine according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4, the front end surface 20S of the rotor blade 20 extends over the entire area from the rear end side in the rotation axis direction (end on the −Z direction side) to the front end side in the rotation axis direction (end on the + Z direction side). It has a convex curve in the direction (+ Y direction). Further, the front end surface 20S gradually increases from the vicinity of the center in the rotation axis direction toward the front end side in the rotation axis direction so as to gradually increase in thickness from the rear end side in the rotation axis direction toward the vicinity of the center in the rotation axis direction. It is formed to be thin.

  The tip sensor S1 detects passage of the tip surface 20S formed in a shape as shown in FIG. For example, the tip sensor S1 outputs a detection signal (pulse signal) with the passage of one point belonging to the outer edge 20e of the tip surface 20S as a detection point P when the tip surface 20S passes. Here, the degree of inclination with respect to the rotational axis direction in the tangential direction of the outer edge 20e at the detection point P is represented by an inclination angle θ.

[Functional configuration of vibration detection device]
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the vibration detection device according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, the vibration detection device 5 includes a tip detection signal input unit 50, an observed vibration waveform acquisition unit 51, an inclination acquisition unit 52, an amplitude ratio acquisition unit 53, an actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54, It has.

The tip detection signal input unit 50 receives a detection signal input from each of the plurality of tip sensors S1 arranged in the circumferential direction (see FIG. 2).
The observed vibration waveform acquisition unit 51 acquires an observed vibration waveform corresponding to the vibration of the moving blade based on detection signals from the plurality of tip sensors S1.
The inclination acquisition unit 52 acquires the inclination angle θ at the detection point P (FIG. 4).
The amplitude ratio acquisition unit 53 acquires an amplitude ratio that is a ratio of the amplitude in the rotation axis direction of the moving blade 20 and the amplitude in the circumferential direction of the moving blade 20.
The actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54 is based on the inclination angle θ acquired by the inclination acquisition unit 52, the amplitude ratio acquired by the amplitude ratio acquisition unit 53, and the observed vibration waveform acquired by the observed vibration waveform acquisition unit 51. An actual vibration waveform indicating the actual circumferential vibration of the rotor blade 20 is acquired.

Moreover, the inclination acquisition part 52 which concerns on this embodiment has the base end detection signal input part 521a and the inclination specific | specification part 521b.
The proximal detection signal input unit 521a receives an input of a detection signal indicating the position in the rotational axis direction at the proximal end of the moving blade 20 (the proximal rotational axis position a (FIG. 3)) from the proximal sensor S2.
Based on the detection signal from the base end sensor S2, the tilt specifying unit 521b has a correspondence relation between the base end side rotational axis direction position a and the degree of tilt (inclination angle θ) at the detection point P (FIG. 4). The inclination angle θ is specified from the prescribed correspondence information. Details of the function of the inclination specifying part 521b will be described later.

The amplitude ratio acquisition unit 53 according to the present embodiment includes a vibration mode information storage unit 53a.
The vibration mode information storage unit 53a is a general memory (storage medium), and the vibration generated in the moving blade 20 based on the structural analysis by the Finite Element Method (FEM) executed in advance for the steam turbine 1. The amplitude ratio is stored. Here, the amplitude ratio is a ratio (φz / φy) between the amplitude φz in the rotation axis direction of the moving blade 20 and the amplitude φy in the circumferential direction, which is defined by a specific vibration mode generated according to the rotation of the moving blade 20. ). The amplitude φ of the moving blade 20 is represented by φ = (φz ² + φy ² ) ^1/2 based on the amplitude φz in the rotation axis direction and the amplitude φy in the circumferential direction.
The amplitude ratio acquisition unit 53 refers to the amplitude ratio (φz / φy) stored in advance in the vibration mode information storage unit 53 a and outputs the amplitude ratio to the actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54.

In addition, the actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54 according to the present embodiment includes a correction coefficient calculation unit 54a.
The correction coefficient calculation unit 54a calculates the correction coefficient α based on the inclination angle θ acquired by the inclination acquisition unit 52 and the amplitude ratio (φz / φy) acquired by the amplitude ratio acquisition unit 53.

FIG. 6 is a first diagram illustrating the function of the observed vibration waveform acquisition unit according to the first embodiment.
Specifically, FIG. 6 shows a state of the tip surface 20S of the moving blade 20 that vibrates with an amplitude φ and information (observation amplitude δy) grasped by a detection signal of the tip sensor S1 (FIG. 3).
In the example shown in FIG. 6, if it is assumed that there is no vibration of the moving blade 20 (φ = 0), a certain tip sensor S1 has an outer edge indicated by a solid line in the tip surface 20S that rotates in the circumferential direction (+ Y direction). The passage of the detection point P at 20e is detected.
However, the rotor blade 20 actually vibrates with an amplitude φz in the rotation axis direction and an amplitude φy in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the detection point at which the tip sensor S1 actually detects passage is a detection point P ′ at the outer edge 20e indicated by a broken line.
As shown in FIG. 6, the time lag of the timing at which the tip sensor S1 detects the detection point P ′ corresponds to the observation amplitude δy that is the difference between the position of the detection point P ′ and the position of the detection point P. Here, geometrically, the observation amplitude δy is expressed by the following equation (1).

  As can be seen from Equation (1), since the detection point P has the inclination angle θ, the observation amplitude δy, which is the difference in the position of the detection point P ′ with respect to the detection point P, rotates as well as the circumferential amplitude φy. It also depends on the amplitude φz in the axial direction.

FIG. 7 is a second diagram illustrating the function of the observed vibration waveform acquisition unit according to the first embodiment.
Specifically, FIG. 7 illustrates the observed vibration acquired by the observed vibration waveform acquisition unit 51 based on a plurality of detection signals input from each of the plurality of tip sensors S1 (see FIG. 2) arranged in the circumferential direction. Waveform W1 is shown.
As shown in FIG. 7, the observed vibration waveform acquisition unit 51 determines the sensor S1 for each passing time (t1, t2,...) Of each tip sensor S1 when it is assumed that no vibration is generated in the moving blade 20. The observed vibration waveform W1 is acquired by associating the actually observed observation amplitude δy for each.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the function of the inclination acquisition unit according to the first embodiment.
As described above, the inclination specifying unit 521b included in the inclination acquisition unit 52 has correspondence information in which a correspondence relationship between the base-side rotation axis direction position a and the inclination angle θ is defined.
Here, the inclination specifying unit 521b stores in advance a function θ (a) as shown in FIG. 8 as the correspondence information. Here, the function θ (a) is a function defined according to the shape of the outer edge 20e, and indicates a correspondence relationship between the base-side rotation axis direction position a and the inclination angle θ measured in advance. That is, when the position on the base end side (base end side rotational axis direction position a) of the moving blade 20 that is less influenced by the vibration components (the amplitudes φy and φz in each direction) is specified, the tip surface 20S of the moving blade 20 is identified. And the positional relationship between the tip sensor S1 fixed to the casing 3 is fixed. For example, when the base end side rotation axis direction position a is “a1”, the inclination angle θ at the detection point P (a1) of the outer edge 20e is “θ1”, and the base end side rotation axis direction position a Is “a2”, the inclination angle θ of the outer edge 20e at the detection point P (a2) is “θ2” (see FIG. 8).
The inclination specifying unit 521b specifies the inclination angle θ by substituting the base end side rotational axis direction position a indicated by the detection signal of the base end sensor S2 into the correspondence information (function θ (a)).

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the function of the actual vibration waveform acquisition unit according to the first embodiment.
The correction coefficient calculation unit 54a of the actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54 calculates the correction coefficient α based on the inclination angle θ acquired by the inclination acquisition unit 52 and the amplitude ratio (φz / φy) acquired by the amplitude ratio acquisition unit 53. calculate. Specifically, the actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54 calculates the correction coefficient α by substituting the inclination angle θ and the amplitude ratio (φz / φy) into Equation (2).

  As shown in FIG. 9, the actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54 acquires the actual vibration waveform W2 by multiplying the observed vibration waveform W1 (see FIG. 7) by the correction coefficient α calculated by the equation (2). The actual vibration waveform W2 acquired in this way represents the circumferential amplitude φy of the rotor blade 20.

  As described above, according to the vibration detection device 5 according to the first embodiment, the detection signals of the plurality of tip sensors S1 arranged in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis O so as to face the tip surface 20S of the moving blade 20 are used. Based on this, the actual circumferential vibration (amplitude φy) of the rotor blade 20 can be detected with high accuracy. Thereby, the operator can grasp | ascertain the aspect of the vibration which has arisen in the moving blade 20 with sufficient precision.

  Further, the vibration detection device 5 according to the present embodiment is a base that can specify the position in the rotation axis direction near the base end (disk 2a (see FIG. 3)) of the rotor blade 20 on one end side in the rotation axis direction of the rotor 2. The inclination angle θ is specified by using the end sensor S2. By doing in this way, since the degree of inclination (inclination angle θ) at the detection point can be specified only by the single base end sensor S2, the entire apparatus can be configured in a simple manner.

As described above, the vibration detection device 5 according to the first embodiment has been described in detail. However, the specific mode of the vibration detection device 5 is not limited to the above-described one, and various types can be used without departing from the scope of the invention. It is possible to add design changes.
For example, the aspect of the inclination acquisition unit 52 may be as in the second and third embodiments described below.

<Second Embodiment>
Next, the aspect of the vibration detection apparatus 5 according to the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a steam turbine according to the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 10, an imaging unit V is disposed in the vicinity of the tip sensor S1 on the inner wall surface of the casing 3 of the steam turbine 1 according to the second embodiment. The imaging unit V is, for example, a small high sensitivity camera. Similarly to the tip sensor S1, the imaging unit V is disposed so as to face the tip surface 20S of the moving blade 20 and include a detection point P at which the tip sensor S1 detects passage within the imaging range.
The imaging unit V performs imaging processing at the timing when the tip sensor S1 detects passage of the tip surface 20S (detection point P), and acquires imaging data. And the imaging | photography part V outputs the acquired imaging data to the vibration detection apparatus 5 which concerns on this embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the vibration detection apparatus according to the second embodiment.
As illustrated in FIG. 11, the inclination acquisition unit 52 of the vibration detection device 5 according to the second embodiment includes an imaging data input unit 522a and an imaging data analysis unit 522b.

The imaging data input unit 522a accepts input of imaging data from the imaging unit V attached so as to be able to image the detection point P (FIG. 10).
The imaging data analysis unit 522b performs a predetermined analysis process for extracting the distal end surface S from the captured image on the imaging data acquired by the imaging unit V. The imaging data analysis unit 522b acquires the inclination angle θ at the detection point P of the distal end surface 20S based on the above analysis processing, and outputs the inclination angle θ to the correction coefficient calculation unit 54a of the actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54.

  As described above, according to the vibration detection device 5 according to the second embodiment, based on the detection signal from the tip sensor S1 and the imaging data from the imaging unit V arranged so as to be adjacent to the vicinity of the tip sensor S1. Thus, the actual circumferential vibration (amplitude φy) of the rotor blade 20 can be accurately detected. Thereby, the operator can grasp | ascertain the aspect of the vibration which has arisen in the moving blade 20 with sufficient precision.

  Further, the vibration detection device 5 according to the present embodiment specifies the inclination angle θ based on the imaging data acquired by the imaging unit V. In this way, the degree of inclination of the outer edge (inclination angle θ) at the detection point P can be directly grasped from the captured image (imaging data). Therefore, the actual vibration waveform with higher accuracy can be acquired based on the inclination angle θ acquired with higher accuracy.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, an aspect of the vibration detection device 5 according to the third embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a steam turbine according to the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 12, two of the first tip sensor S11 and the second tip sensor S12 are arranged on the inner wall surface of the casing 3 of the steam turbine 1 according to the third embodiment. Both the first tip sensor S11 and the second tip sensor S12 are the same sensors as the tip sensor S1 in the first and second embodiments. The first tip sensor S11 and the second tip sensor S12 are provided so as to be able to detect the passage of the same tip face 20S with a distance d therebetween. Thereby, the separation distance in the rotation axis direction between the first detection point P1 detected by the first tip sensor S11 and the second detection point P2 detected by the second tip sensor S12 is also the distance d.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a vibration detection device according to the third embodiment.
As illustrated in FIG. 13, the inclination acquisition unit 52 of the vibration detection device 5 according to the third embodiment includes a sub detection signal input unit 523a and a detection signal analysis unit 523b.
The sub detection signal input unit 523a includes a detection signal from the first tip sensor S11 that detects passage of the first detection point P1, a detection signal from the second tip sensor S12 that detects passage of the second detection point P2, and Accepts input.
The detection signal analysis unit 523b includes the interval d between the first detection point P1 and the second detection point P2 in the rotation axis direction, the detection time of passing the first detection point P1 (referred to as time T1), and the second detection point P2. The degree of inclination (inclination angle θ) at the first detection point P1 is specified based on the difference (time T2−T1) between the detection times of passage (referred to as time T2).
The detection signal of the first tip sensor S11 is input to the observed vibration waveform acquisition unit 51 through the tip detection signal input unit 50, as in the first and second embodiments.

Here, the displacement Δy of the position in the circumferential direction (± Y direction) of the second detection point P2 with respect to the first detection point P1 has a positive correlation with the inclination angle θ at the first detection point P1. That is, the larger the inclination angle θ, the larger the displacement Δy in the circumferential direction per unit width (interval d), and the smaller the inclination angle θ, the smaller the displacement Δy in the circumferential direction per unit width. The magnitude of the displacement Δy can be grasped by the difference (time T2−T1) between the detection times T1 and T2 of the first detection point P1 and the second detection point P2.
Therefore, the detection signal analysis unit 523b can uniquely identify the inclination angle θ based on the detection times T1 and T2 indicated in the detection signals from the first tip sensor S1 and the second tip sensor S2. Based on the above analysis processing, the detection signal analysis unit 523b acquires the inclination angle θ at the first detection point P1 of the distal end surface 20S, and outputs the inclination angle θ to the correction coefficient calculation unit 54a of the actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54. To do.

  As described above, according to the vibration detection device 5 according to the third embodiment, the actual circumferential vibration (amplitude) of the moving blade 20 based on the two detection signals from the first tip sensor S1 and the second tip sensor S2. φy) can be detected with high accuracy. Thereby, the operator can grasp | ascertain the aspect of the vibration which has arisen in the moving blade 20 with sufficient precision.

  Further, the vibration detection device 5 according to the present embodiment specifies the inclination angle θ based on the detection signals detected by the first tip sensor S11 and the second tip sensor S12. By doing in this way, it is possible to directly grasp the degree of inclination of the outer edge (inclination angle θ) at the detection point P (first detection point P1) based on the difference in detection time (time T2-T1). it can. Therefore, the tilt angle θ can be acquired with higher accuracy with a simple configuration.

<Other embodiments>
As described above, the vibration detection device 5 according to the first to third embodiments has been described in detail. However, a specific aspect of the vibration detection device 5 is not limited to the above-described one, and does not depart from the gist. It is possible to make various design changes and so on.

For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, the amplitude ratio acquisition unit 53 defines the amplitude ratio φz / φy of the vibration of the moving blade 20 based on the result of the FEM analysis or the like performed in advance (vibration mode of the moving blade 20). Explained as what to do. However, the vibration mode of the moving blade 20 may actually change according to the rotational speed of the rotor 2 depending on the structure and type of the moving blade 20 and the stationary blade 30 (see FIG. 1).
Therefore, the amplitude ratio acquisition unit 53 according to another embodiment stores a plurality of amplitude ratios φz / φy in advance for each rotation speed of the rotor 2, and corresponds to the actual rotation speed of the rotor 2 observed from among them. Alternatively, the amplitude ratio φz / φy to be selected may be selected and output.
By doing in this way, since the actual vibration waveform W2 is acquired with the optimal amplitude ratio φz / φy for each rotation speed of the rotor 2, the vibration of the moving blade 20 can be grasped more accurately.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54 converts the correction coefficient α calculated by the correction coefficient calculation unit 54a based on the inclination angle θ and the amplitude ratio φz / φy into the observed vibration waveform W1. Although it has been described that the actual vibration waveform W2 is acquired by multiplication, the present invention is not limited to this aspect in other embodiments. In another embodiment, for example, a predetermined error component calculated based on the tilt angle θ and the amplitude ratio φz / φy is added to and subtracted from the observed vibration waveform W1 to obtain the actual vibration waveform W2. There may be.

  Moreover, each function of the inclination acquisition part 52 which concerns on the above-mentioned 1st-3rd embodiment can also be used in two or more arbitrary combinations.

  Moreover, although the vibration detection apparatus 5 which concerns on the above-mentioned 1st-3rd embodiment was demonstrated as an aspect applied to the steam turbine 1, all are not limited to this in other embodiment. That is, the vibration detection device 5 can be applied to a rotating machine other than a steam turbine, such as a compressor or a gas turbine.

  Further, a program for realizing the function of the vibration detection device 5 in each of the above-described embodiments is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium is read into a computer system and executed. The mode which implement | achieves the said vibration detection apparatus 5 by may be sufficient. The “computer system” here includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices. The “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a portable medium such as a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM, a CD-ROM, an HDD (hard disk) or an SSD (Solid State drive) incorporated in a computer system. A storage device. Further, the “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a volatile memory (RAM) in a computer system that becomes a server or a client when a program is transmitted via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. In addition, those holding programs for a certain period of time are also included.

  The program may be transmitted from a computer system storing the program in a storage device or the like to another computer system via a transmission medium or by a transmission wave in the transmission medium. Here, the “transmission medium” for transmitting the program refers to a medium having a function of transmitting information, such as a network (communication network) such as the Internet or a communication line (communication line) such as a telephone line. The program may be for realizing a part of the functions described above. Furthermore, what can implement | achieve the function mentioned above in combination with the program already recorded on the computer system, and what is called a difference file (difference program) may be sufficient.

  As mentioned above, although some embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof, as long as they are included in the scope and gist of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steam turbine 2 Rotor 2a Disk 20 Moving blade 20S Tip end surface 20e Outer edge 3 Casing (stationary part)
30 Stator blade 4 Indoor wall 5 Vibration detection device 50 Tip detection signal input unit 51 Observation vibration waveform acquisition unit 52 Inclination acquisition unit 521a Base end detection signal input unit 521b Inclination specification unit 522a Imaging data input unit 522b Imaging data analysis unit 523a Sub-detection Signal input unit 523b Detection signal analysis unit 53 Amplitude ratio acquisition unit 53a Vibration mode information storage unit 54 Actual vibration waveform acquisition unit 54a Correction coefficient calculation unit S1 Tip sensor S11 First tip sensor S12 Second tip sensor S2 Base end sensor V Imaging unit W1 Observation vibration waveform W2 Actual vibration waveform

Claims (8)

A plurality of blades that are arranged in a circumferential direction in a stationary portion so as to face a tip surface of a rotor blade that rotates about the rotation axis of the rotor, and that detect detection points passing through the outer edge of the tip surface according to the rotation of the rotor blade. A tip detection signal input unit for receiving a detection signal input from the tip sensor;
An observed vibration waveform acquisition unit that acquires an observed vibration waveform according to the vibration of the moving blade based on the detection signals from a plurality of the tip sensors;
An inclination acquisition unit that acquires the degree of inclination of the outer edge of the tip surface at the detection point with respect to the rotation axis direction;
An amplitude ratio acquisition unit that acquires an amplitude ratio that is a ratio of an amplitude in the rotational axis direction of the moving blade and an amplitude in the circumferential direction of the moving blade;
Based on the degree of inclination acquired by the inclination acquisition unit, the amplitude ratio acquired by the amplitude ratio acquisition unit, and the observed vibration waveform acquired by the observed vibration waveform acquisition unit, the actual moving blade An actual vibration waveform acquisition unit for acquiring an actual vibration waveform indicating vibration in the circumferential direction of
A vibration detection apparatus comprising: The actual vibration waveform acquisition unit
The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the actual vibration waveform is acquired by multiplying the observed vibration waveform by a correction coefficient calculated based on the degree of inclination and the amplitude ratio. The inclination acquisition unit
A base end detection signal input unit that receives an input of a detection signal from a base end sensor that detects a position of the base end of the moving blade in the rotational axis direction;
Based on the detection signal from the base end sensor, from the correspondence information in which the correspondence between the position in the rotation axis direction at the base end of the moving blade and the degree of inclination at the detection point is defined, An inclination specifying unit for specifying the degree of inclination at the detection point;
The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: The inclination acquisition unit
An imaging data input unit that receives input of imaging data from an imaging unit that is attached to be capable of imaging the detection point at which the tip sensor detects passage;
An imaging data analysis unit that specifies the degree of inclination at the detection point based on imaging data including the detection point acquired by the imaging unit;
The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising: The inclination acquisition unit
A detection signal from a first tip sensor for detecting passage of a first detection point at an outer edge of the tip surface, and the tip sensor, the second sensor at the outer edge of the tip surface; A sub-detection signal input unit that receives an input of a detection signal from the second tip sensor that detects passage;
Based on the interval between the first detection point and the second detection point in the rotational axis direction, and the difference between the detection time of passage of the first detection point and the detection time of passage of the second detection point, A detection signal analyzer that identifies the degree of inclination at the first detection point;
The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising: The vibration detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A plurality of the tip sensors;
The moving blade;
Rotating machine with A plurality of blades that are circumferentially arranged in the stationary portion so as to face the tip surface of the rotor blade that rotates about the rotation axis of the rotor, and that detect the passage of detection points at the outer edge of the tip surface according to the rotation of the rotor blade. Receiving an input of a detection signal from the tip sensor;
Calculating an observed vibration waveform corresponding to the vibration of the moving blade based on the detection signals from a plurality of tip sensors;
Obtaining a degree of inclination of the outer edge of the tip surface at the detection point with respect to the rotation axis direction;
Obtaining an amplitude ratio that is a ratio of the amplitude of the rotor blade in the rotational axis direction and the amplitude of the rotor blade in the circumferential direction;
Obtaining an actual vibration waveform indicating actual vibration in the circumferential direction of the moving blade based on the degree of inclination, the amplitude ratio, and the observed vibration waveform;
A vibration detection method comprising: The vibration detection computer
A plurality of blades that are circumferentially arranged in the stationary portion so as to face the tip surface of the rotor blade that rotates about the rotation axis of the rotor, and that detect the passage of detection points at the outer edge of the tip surface according to the rotation of the rotor blade. Tip detection signal input means for receiving detection signal input from the tip sensor;
Observation vibration waveform acquisition means for acquiring an observation vibration waveform corresponding to the vibration of the moving blade based on the detection signals from a plurality of the tip sensors;
Inclination acquisition means for acquiring the degree of inclination with respect to the rotation axis direction of the outer edge of the tip surface at the detection point;
Amplitude ratio acquisition means for acquiring an amplitude ratio that is a ratio of the amplitude of the moving blade in the rotational axis direction and the amplitude of the moving blade in the circumferential direction;
Based on the degree of inclination acquired by the inclination acquisition means, the amplitude ratio acquired by the amplitude ratio acquisition means, and the observed vibration waveform acquired by the observed vibration waveform acquisition means, the actual moving blade An actual vibration waveform acquiring means for acquiring an actual vibration waveform indicating vibration in the circumferential direction of
Program to function as.

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