JP6453388B2 - ヒアルロン酸、グルコサミン、およびアラントインを含む、酸化的光活性化皮膚再生組成物 - Google Patents
ヒアルロン酸、グルコサミン、およびアラントインを含む、酸化的光活性化皮膚再生組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6453388B2 JP6453388B2 JP2017123314A JP2017123314A JP6453388B2 JP 6453388 B2 JP6453388 B2 JP 6453388B2 JP 2017123314 A JP2017123314 A JP 2017123314A JP 2017123314 A JP2017123314 A JP 2017123314A JP 6453388 B2 JP6453388 B2 JP 6453388B2
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Description
(a)分野
開示される主題は、一般に、皮膚再生(rejuvanation)組成物および皮膚再生の処置方法に関する。
顔面、頸部、手および身体の露出された部分の皮膚における加齢性の変化(chronological−ageing)および光変化(photo−ageing)の両方の結果を修復するか、または補う(offset)ための非剥離性皮膚再生の適用は、極めて一般的になってきた。本来の機械的剥皮および科学的剥皮から、臨床医は、患者に中断時間を生じさせる重篤な病的状態(紅斑および浮腫)という負の効果があるにも拘わらず、レーザーを使用する剥離性皮膚再生の使用を、急激に採用した。これら欠点は、上記処置の良好な結果を顕著に相殺する。次いで、光再生技術(例えば、レーザー源およびインテンスパルスライト(intense pulsed light)(IPL)源)を開発して、冷却しながら真皮へと熱損傷を加えた(非剥離性皮膚再生といわれる)。これは、一般に、上記皮膚(真皮)のより深い層へと熱損傷を集中させた一方で、強制的な冷却は、熱損傷からより上部の(従って、非常に目に見える)層を保護するのに役立った。レーザー剥離性皮膚リサーフェシング(Laser ablative skin resurfacing)は、大きなしわおよび加齢変化の他の重篤な症状の除去もしくは改善に対する人気のある物理療法であった。剥離性治療の原理は、正確な表皮剥離、従って、副作用およびそれらの関連する中断時間を最小限にしながら、創傷応答をもたらし、よって、臨床効果を最大にするとともに、最適量の制御された残留性の熱損傷を送達する光−組織相互作用に基づく。不運なことに、生じる痂皮形成、水腫および長期の紅斑は、大部分の限定された患者除く全てに対して大きな障害である。
(項目1)
皮膚再生組成物であって、
少なくとも1種の酸化剤;
該酸化剤を活性化し得る少なくとも1種の光活性化剤;および
ヒアルロン酸、グルコサミンおよびアラントインから選択される少なくとも1種の治癒因子;
を、薬学的に受容可能なキャリアとともに含む、皮膚再生組成物。
(項目2)
前記酸化剤は、過酸化水素、過酸化カルバミドおよび過酸化ベンゾイルから選択される、項目1に記載の組成物。
(項目3)
少なくとも1種の親水性ゲル化剤をさらに含む、項目1に記載の組成物。
(項目4)
前記親水性ゲル化剤は、グルコース、改変デンプン、メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、プロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボポル(登録商標)ポリマー、アルギン酸、アルギン酸ナトリウム、アルギン酸カリウム、アルギン酸アンモニウム、アルギン酸カルシウム、寒天、カラギーナン、ローカストビーンガム、ペクチン、およびゼラチンから選択される、項目3に記載の組成物。
(項目5)
前記光活性化剤は、キサンテン誘導体色素、アゾ色素、生物学的着色剤、およびカロチノイドから選択される、項目1に記載の組成物。
(項目6)
前記キサンテン誘導体色素は、フルオレン色素、フルオロン色素、およびロドール色素から選択される、項目5に記載の組成物。
(項目7)
前記フルオレン色素は、ピロニン色素およびローダミン色素から選択される、項目6に記載の組成物。
(項目8)
前記ピロニン色素は、ピロニンYおよびピロニンBから選択される、項目7に記載の組成物。
(項目9)
前記ローダミン色素は、ローダミンB、ローダミンGおよびローダミンWTから選択される、項目7に記載の組成物。
(項目10)
前記フルオロン色素は、フルオレセインおよびフルオレセイン誘導体から選択される、項目6に記載の組成物。
(項目11)
前記フルオレセイン誘導体は、フロキシンB、ローズベンガル、およびメルブロミンから選択される、項目10に記載の組成物。
(項目12)
前記フルオレセイン誘導体は、エオシンおよびエリスロシンから選択される、項目10に記載の組成物。
(項目13)
前記アゾ色素は、メチルバイオレット、ニュートラルレッド、パラレッド、アマランス、カルモイシン、アルラレッドAC、タルトラジン、オレンジG、ポンソー4R、メチルレッド、およびムレキシド−プルプル酸アンモニウムから選択される、項目5に記載の組成物。
(項目14)
前記生物学的着色剤は、サフラニンO、塩基性フクシン、酸性フクシン、3,3’ ジヘキシルカルボシアニンヨウ化物、カルミン酸、およびインドシアニン・グリーンから選択される、項目5に記載の組成物。
(項目15)
前記カロチノイドは、クロセチン、α−クロシン(8,8−ジアポ−8,8−カロテン酸)、ゼアキサンチン、リコピン、α−カロチン、β−カロチン、ビキシン、およびフコキサンチンから選択される、項目5に記載の組成物。
(項目16)
前記カロチノイドは、サフランレッド粉末、アナットー抽出物、および褐藻類抽出物から選択される混合物として前記組成物中に存在する、項目5に記載の組成物。
(項目17)
エチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)およびエチレングリコール四酢酸(EGTA)から選択される少なくとも1種のキレート化剤をさらに含む、項目1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
(項目18)
カフェインおよびパラキサンチンから選択される少なくとも1種の脂肪分解刺激因子をさらに含む、項目1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
(項目19)
皮膚再生のための方法であって、該方法は、
a)患者の皮膚に、少なくとも1種の酸化剤、該酸化剤を活性化し得る少なくとも1種の光活性化剤を含む組成物を局所的に適用する工程;ならびに
b)該工程a)の皮膚を、該光活性化剤が該酸化剤の活性化を引き起こすに十分な時間にわたって、化学線に供する工程
を包含する、方法。
(項目20)
皮膚の状態を処置するための方法であって、該方法は、
a)患者の皮膚の状態に、少なくとも1種の酸化剤、該酸化剤を活性化し得る少なくとも1種の光活性化剤を含む組成物を局所的に適用する工程;および
b)該工程a)の皮膚の状態を、該光活性化剤が該酸化剤の活性化を引き起こすに十分な時間にわたって、化学線に供する工程、
を包含する、方法。
(項目21)
前記皮膚の状態は、ざ瘡およびざ瘡跡、および酒さから選択される、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目22)
前記皮膚の状態は、ベッカー母斑、青色母斑、先天性母斑、色素性母斑、太田母斑と伊藤母斑、色素性紡錘細胞母斑、および異形成母斑から選択される母斑である、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目23)
前記皮膚の状態は、もつれ状血管拡張症、ほくろ、サクランボ色血管腫、くも状血管腫、血管性母斑、青色ポートワイン母斑、赤色ポートワイン母斑、紫色ポートワイン母斑、赤色顔面静脈、青色顔面静脈、赤色下肢静脈、および青色下肢静脈から選択される血管病変である、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目24)
入れ墨を除去するための方法であって、該方法は、
a)患者の入れ墨の上に、少なくとも1種の酸化剤、該酸化剤を活性化し得る少なくとも1種の光活性化剤を含む組成物を局所的に適用する工程;および
b)該工程a)の入れ墨を、該光活性化剤が該酸化剤の活性化を引き起こすに十分な時間にわたって、化学線に供する工程、
を包含する、方法。
(項目25)
前記皮膚は、約60秒〜約5分の期間にわたって化学線に曝される、項目19〜24のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目26)
前記皮膚は、処置されるべき領域1cm2あたり約60秒〜約5分の期間にわたって化学線に曝される、項目19〜24のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目27)
化学線源は、処置されるべき領域に対して連続作動の状態である、項目19〜26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目28)
前記化学線は、約400nm〜約600nmの間の波長を有する可視光線である、項目19〜27のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
一実施形態によれば、皮膚再生組成物および患者の皮膚で上記組成物を使用するための方法を提供する。この生成物は、皮膚の再生を促進する。
上記組成物は、酸素ラジカル源として、酸化剤を含む。ペルオキシド化合物は、ペルオキシ基(R−O−O−R)を含み、2個の酸素原子(その各々は、他方にかつラジカルもしくはいくつかの元素に結合される)を含む鎖用構造である酸化剤である。活性な媒体の調製に適した酸化剤としては、以下が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない:
過酸化水素(H2O2)は、有機ペルオキシドを調製するための出発物質である。H2O2は、強力な酸化剤であり、過酸化水素の独特の特性は、これが水および酸素へと分解し、いかなる持続性の毒性の残存化合物をも形成しないことである。この組成物において使用するための過酸化水素は、ゲル中で(例えば、6% 過酸化水素で)使用され得る。過酸化水素が本発明の組成物において使用され得る適した濃度範囲は、約3.5%〜約6%である。
上記光活性化剤は、光エネルギーを上記酸化剤へと移動させる。適切な光活性化剤は、蛍光色素(もしくは着色剤)であり得るが、他の色素群もしくは色素(生物学的色素および組織学的色素、食品着色料、カロチノイド)がまた、使用され得る。光活性化剤の組み合わせは、上記組み合わされた色素分子による光吸収を増大させ得、吸収および光−生体調節選択性(photo−biomodulation selectivity)を増強し得る。これは、新たな光選択的および/もしくは選択的光活性化剤混合物を生成する可能性を複数作り出す。
(キサンテン誘導体)
上記キサンテン誘導体色素は、長期間にわたって、世界中で使用され、試験されてきた。それらは、低毒性および増大した蛍光を示す。上記キサンテン基は、3つのサブグループからなる:a)フルオレン;b)フルオロン;およびc)ローダミン。
上記アゾ(もしくはジアゾ)色素は、N−N基(アゾ基といわれる)を共有する。それらは、主に分析化学において、もしくは食品着色剤として使用され、蛍光性ではない。適切なアゾ色素としては、以下が挙げられる:メチルバイオレット、ニュートラルレッド、パラレッド(顔料赤色1)、アマランス(アゾルビンS)、カルモイシン(アゾルビン、食用赤色3、アシッドレッド14)、アルラレッドAC(FD&C 40)、タルトラジン(FD&C Yellow 5)、オレンジG(酸オレンジ10)、ポンソー4R(食用赤色7)、メチルレッド(アシッドレッド2)、ムレキシド−プルプリン酸アンモニウム。
生物学的物質についての染色プロトコルにおいて一般に使用される色素分子はまた、光活性化剤として使用され得る。適切な生物学的着色剤としては、以下が挙げられる:
サフラニン(サフラニンO、塩基レッド2)はまた、アゾ色素であり、組織学および細胞学において使用される。これは、グラム染色プロトコルにおける伝統的な対比染色である。
カロチノイド色素はまた、光活性化剤として作用し得る。
治癒因子は、上記組成物の適用部位上での組織の治癒プロセスもしくは再生プロセスを促進もしくは増強する化合物を含む。上記組成物の光活性化の間に、上記皮膚もしくは上記粘膜による、上記処置部位での分子の吸収の増大が存在する。上記処置部位での血流の増大は、長期にわたって観察される。フリーラジカルカスケードの動的な相互作用に起因する、リンパドレナージの増大および浸透圧平衡における考えられる変化は、増強され得るか、または治癒因子の包含でさらに強化される。適切な治癒因子としては、以下が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない:
ヒアルロン酸(ヒアルロナン、ヒアルロネート)は、結合組織、上皮組織および神経組織全体に広く分布している硫酸化されていないグリコサミノグリカンである。これは、細胞外マトリクスの主な成分のうちの1つであり、細胞増殖および移動に顕著に寄与する。ヒアルロナンは、皮膚の主要な成分であり、ここで、これは、組織修復に関与している。これは、細胞外マトリクス中に豊富にあるが、組織流体力学、細胞の動きおよび増殖に寄与し、非常に多くの細胞表面レセプター相互作用(顕著なのは、主要なレセプターCD44を含むもの)に関与する。ヒアルロニダーゼ酵素は、ヒアルロナンを分解する。少なくとも7つのタイプのヒアルロニダーゼ様酵素が、ヒトに存在し、そのうちのいくつかは、腫瘍抑制因子である。ヒアルロン酸の分解生成物、オリゴサッカリドおよび非常に低分子量のヒアルロン酸は、血管新生促進特性を示す。さらに、近年の研究から、ヒアルロナンフラグメント(しかし、ヒアルロナンの元来の高分子量はない)は、組織傷害において、マクロファージおよび樹状細胞における炎症応答を誘導し得ることが示される。ヒアルロン酸は、上記皮膚を標的とする生物学的適用に十分適している。その高い生体適合性に起因して、これは、組織再生を刺激するために使用される。近年の研究から、ヒアルロン酸は、免疫応答を媒介する白血球のための空間を物理的に作り出すために、治癒の初期段階に出現することが実証された。これは、創傷治癒適用のための生物学的足場の合成およびしわ処置において使用される。
キレート化剤は、閉じた感染ポケットおよび到達困難な病変におけるスメア層除去を促進し;金属イオンクエンチャーおよび緩衝化剤として作用するように、含まれ得る。適切なキレート化剤としては、以下が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない:
エチレンジアミノ四酢酸(EDTA):これは、二価金属イオンおよび三価金属イオンを封鎖するために使用されるアミノ酸である。EDTAは、4個のカルボキシレート基および2個のアミン基を介して金属に結合する。EDTAは、Mn(III)、Fe(III)、Cu(III)、Co(III)と特に強い錯体を形成する。血小板の集まりおよび血餅形成を防止する。これは、器具使用の間に、スメア層除去剤として歯内治療において使用される。これは、溶液を緩衝化するために使用される。
脂肪分解刺激因子は、化粧品適用(例えば、しわの処置)において上記組成物の使用のために含められ得る。 カフェイン、およびカフェインパラキサンチンの代謝誘導体は、脂肪分解プロセスにおいて血流にグリセロールおよび脂肪酸を放出するように増大させ得る。
上記皮膚再生組成物はまた、1種以上の親水性ゲル化剤を含み得る。上記親水性ゲル化剤は、上記組成物の粘性を高め、皮膚もしくは創傷領域への上記組成物の適用を促進するのに寄与する。また、過酸化水素(H2O2)とともに使用される場合、これは、H2O2のゆっくりとした放出に寄与し得、より即座の反応を提供し得る。なぜなら、純粋なH2O2は、直接使用され得るからである。適切な親水性ゲル化剤としては、グルコース、改変デンプン、メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、プロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボポル(登録商標)ポリマー、アルギン酸、アルギン酸ナトリウム、アルギン酸カリウム、アルギン酸アンモニウム、アルギン酸カルシウム、寒天、カラギーナン、ローカストビーンガム、ペクチン、およびゼラチンが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
適切な感光性化合物の包含および適切な波長の光源での活性化は、ペルオキシド源(上記酸化剤)の分解プロセスにおける促進および光力学的現象を介して起こる他の反応をもたらす。上記含められる色素は、特定の波長の光子によって照らされ、より高いエネルギー状態へと励起される。上記光活性化剤の励起された電子が低エネルギー状態に戻るとき、それらは、より低いエネルギーレベルを有する光子を発するので、より長い波長の光の放射(ストークスシフト)を引き起こす。適切な環境では、このエネルギー移動の大部分は、酸素もしくは反応性過酸化水素へ移動し、酸素ラジカル(例えば、一重項酸素)の形成を引き起こす。
phosphate)(KTP)レーザー(例えば、GreenLightTMレーザー)が使用される。さらに別の実施形態において、LED光硬化デバイスは、上記化学線源である。さらに別の実施形態において、上記化学線源は、400〜600nmの間の波長を有する可視光線源である。さらに、上記化学線源は、適切な出力密度を有するはずである。非平行光源(LED、ハロゲンもしくはプラズマランプ)の適切な出力密度は、約900mW/cm2〜約2000mW/cm2の範囲にある。レーザー光源の適切な出力密度は、約0.5mW/cm2〜約0.8mW/cm2の範囲にある。
例示的な皮膚再生組成物を、以下の成分を混合することによって調製した:
上記酸化剤(4mL)および治癒因子(1.5mL)を混合し、上記光活性化剤(1mL)と合わせた。得られた組成物を、患者の皮膚に適用し、LED光硬化デバイス(青色光)によって提供される化学線で活性化した。上記組成物を、処置後に除去した。
第2の例示的な皮膚再生組成物を、以下の成分を混合することによって調製した:
上記酸化剤(4mL)および治癒因子(1.5mL)を混合し、上記光活性化剤(1mL)と合わせた。得られた組成物を、患者の皮膚に適用し、LED光硬化デバイス(青色光)によって提供される化学線で活性化した。上記組成物を、処置後に除去した。
上記光活性化剤、エオシンYおよびエリスロシンBの毒性を、ヒト細胞に対するこれら化合物の細胞毒性を測定することによって評価した。上皮形態を有するHep G2ヒト肝細胞癌細胞を、漸増濃度(0.001〜100μM)のエオシンYもしくはエリスロシンBで24時間にわたって処理し、上記細胞の生存を評価した。エオシンY(図1)もしくはエリスロシンB(図2)のいずれかの漸増濃度も、未処理細胞と比較した場合、細胞生存性に影響を及ぼさなかった。スタウロスポリン(STS)を、細胞死を誘導するための陽性コントロールとして使用し、用量依存性効果を引き起こした(図1および図2)。類似の結果を、乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(LDH)の放出により細胞死を測定することによって得た。従って、エオシンYもエリスロシンBも、細胞死を増大させなかった。
(動物モデルにおける皮膚再生)
光力学的技術(PDT)のいくらかの研究は、細胞タイプに対するPDTの刺激効果(特に、コラーゲン前駆体の形成および細胞発生と関連する酵素)を示した。本発明は、顕著な有害効果を有さない、大きな表面積を処置するために使用され得る皮膚再生の手段を提供する。
Claims (6)
- 酸化的光活性化皮膚再生組成物であって、
少なくとも1種の酸化剤;
エオシンYおよびエリスロシンBから選択される少なくとも1種の光活性化剤;および
ヒアルロン酸、グルコサミンおよびアラントインから選択される少なくとも1種の治癒因子;
を含む、酸化的光活性化皮膚再生組成物。 - 前記少なくとも1種の酸化剤は、過酸化水素、過酸化カルバミドおよび過酸化ベンゾイルから選択される、請求項1に記載の酸化的光活性化皮膚再生組成物。
- 前記少なくとも1種の酸化剤は、前記少なくとも1種の光活性化剤によって活性化される、請求項1に記載の酸化的光活性化皮膚再生組成物。
- 前記少なくとも1種の光活性化剤は、光によって活性化される、請求項1に記載の酸化的光活性化皮膚再生組成物。
- 前記少なくとも1種の光活性化剤は、400nm〜600nmの間の発光波長を有する光によって活性化される、請求項4に記載の酸化的光活性化皮膚再生組成物。
- 前記少なくとも1種の光活性化剤は、前記酸化的光活性化皮膚再生組成物中に、0.001μM〜100μMの範囲の量で存在する、請求項1に記載の酸化的光活性化皮膚再生組成物。
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |