JP6336592B2 - ヒスタミンh4受容体を介してもたらされた掻痒状態を治療するための医薬組成物 - Google Patents
ヒスタミンh4受容体を介してもたらされた掻痒状態を治療するための医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6336592B2 JP6336592B2 JP2016533339A JP2016533339A JP6336592B2 JP 6336592 B2 JP6336592 B2 JP 6336592B2 JP 2016533339 A JP2016533339 A JP 2016533339A JP 2016533339 A JP2016533339 A JP 2016533339A JP 6336592 B2 JP6336592 B2 JP 6336592B2
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- histamine
- receptor
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- norketotifen
- pruritus
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4535—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a heterocyclic ring having sulfur as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pizotifen
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/04—Antipruritics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
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Description
本明細書中で使用されるように、強力なヒスタミンH4受容体インバースアゴニストは3.0E−7M未満のKiを有する一方、中程度の活性の化合物は3.0E−6M〜3.0E−7MのKiを有する。
「処方薬の副作用」:抗生物質、抗真菌剤、鎮痛剤;
「皮膚障害」:自己免疫性の皮膚炎、接触性皮膚炎、皮膚の強皮症、毛包炎、特発性皮膚炎、感染症、昆虫刺傷、黒色腫、寄生虫、疥癬、日焼け、疣贅、乾皮症、並びに、ほくろ、色素過剰症、低色素症及び発疹のような皮膚の状態;
「全身性の障害」:貧血、胆汁うっ滞、糖尿病、ホジキンリンパ腫、鉄欠乏症、慢性腎不全、全身性強皮症、多発性硬化症、尿毒症、及び、妊娠のような状態;
「神経障害」:多発性硬化症、神経障害性の掻痒、瘢痕、帯状疱疹;
「精神障害」:不安、抑うつ、情緒的ストレス、神経皮膚炎、精神的トラウマ、精神病;
並びに
「特発性の掻痒」:かゆみの原因がうまく確定されていない、様々な形の掻痒、に関連している可能性がある。
現在の推定では、ヒスタミンH4受容体に関係した皮膚又は肺の障害に罹患している哺乳動物の作用部位におけるヒスタミンH4受容体活性の阻害は、およそ2mg/日〜およそ500mg/日のノルケトチフェン又はその異性体の経口用量で生じることになり、これは広い安全域を残している。前記障害に罹患しているヒト患者へのラセミ体又は異性体ノルケトチフェンの有用な用量は2mg/日〜500mg/日である。より好ましいのはヒト患者に対して2mg/日〜40mg/日の経口1日量であり、最も好ましいのは、ヒスタミンH4受容体に関係した皮膚又は肺の疾患に罹患しているヒト患者に対するノルケトチフェン又はその異性体の2mg/日〜20mg/日のヒト用量である。
実施例1.炎症誘発性細胞からのヒスタミン放出の阻害
ヒスタミンは、掻痒性の疾患の患者において顆粒球から過剰に放出される。被験物質によるヒトの顆粒球(白血球;バフィコート)からのヒスタミン放出の阻害について研究がなされた。白血球は健康なヒトボランティア由来の血液から得られ、ヒスタミンの放出は、バフィコートを被験物質の存在下又は不在下でカルシウムイオノフォアA23187(5μM)とともにインキュベーション(20分/37℃)することによって誘発された。ヒスタミンは、市販のキット及びマイクロプレートリーダ(MRX、ダイナテック(Dynatech)社)を使用して酵素免疫測定法によって解析された。被験物質は、5種類の濃度において二連で評価された。
末梢のヒトのヒスタミンH1受容体に対する試験化合物の親和性は、受容体結合アッセイを使用して評価された。受容体への放射性リガンドの特異的結合は、過剰量の非標識リガンドの存在下で決定される、全結合と非特異的結合との間の差として定義された。Ki値はチェン−プルソフ式に従って決定された。
標準化合物(ケトチフェン、ロラタジン、デスロラタジン及びジフェンヒドラミン)の効果は、上記化合物のこれまで知られていた受容体結合活性を実証することにより、試験の方法論を立証している。
末梢のヒトのヒスタミンH4受容体に対する試験化合物の親和性は受容体結合アッセイを使用して評価された。受容体への放射性リガンドの特異的結合は、過剰量の非標識リガンドの存在下で決定される、全結合と非特異的結合との間の差として定義された。本研究ではリガンドとして[3H]−ヒスタミンが使用され、親和性の値はチェン−プルソフ式によって決定された。
当分野で述べられかつ本結果によって示されるように(実施例5;図1)、ヒスタミンH1阻害単独では抗掻痒効果がないにもかかわらず、ヒスタミンH1の阻害によるヒスタミンH4阻害の抗掻痒活性の増強作用が当分野で報告されているので、ノルケトチフェンがヒスタミンH4及びヒスタミンH1受容体の両方を阻害することは治療上重要であると考えられる。
体重が11.2〜13.9kgの5匹のオスのビーグル犬(2〜4歳)が研究に用いられた。全ての動物に、フマル酸水素塩として経口用量の被験物質8.0mg/kg/日(5.6mg/kg/日の遊離塩基に等しい)を含有しているゼラチンカプセル剤が投与された。動物は1日1回連続4週間投薬され、その後さらに2週間の休薬期間について毎日観察された。
抗掻痒効果は、当分野で既知の方法に従って、CD−1マウス(雌、10〜12週齢)においてin vivoで試験された。投薬の1日前に、マウスの肩甲骨間吻側背部の表面に除毛がなされた。試験の前に、マウスは順化のために個別の透明なプラスチックケージ内に少なくとも1時間置かれた。1.5時間の絶食後、動物は、1%メチルセルロース/水で構成されているビヒクルに溶解された被験物質を、体重1kgあたり10mLとして経口投薬された。経口投薬の60分後、ヒスタミン(20μlのリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)、pH7.4中に300nmol)の皮内注射が施された。ヒスタミン注射の直後、掻破の発作が40分間計数された。ヒスタミンのビヒクルのPBSにより誘発された掻破は対照としての役割を果たした。
ノルケトチフェンの経口投与のための調合物(例えば錠剤、カプセル剤及びシロップ剤など)が開発されている。
本明細書中で使用されるように、「薬学的に許容可能な塩」又は「その薬学的に許容可能な塩」という用語は、薬学的に許容可能な無毒な酸から調製されたノルケトチフェン塩を指す。本発明の化合物の典型的な薬学的に許容可能な酸付加塩には、酢酸塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸塩(ベシラート)、安息香酸塩、カンファースルホン酸塩、クエン酸塩、エタンスルホン酸塩、フマル酸塩、グルコン酸塩、グルタミン酸塩、臭化水素酸塩、塩酸塩、イセチオン酸塩、乳酸塩、マレイン酸塩、リンゴ酸塩、マンデル酸塩、メタンスルホン酸塩、ムチン酸塩、硝酸塩、パモ酸塩、パントテン酸塩、リン酸塩、p−トルエンスルホン酸塩、コハク酸塩、硫酸塩、酒石酸塩などが挙げられる。塩酸塩及びフマル酸水素塩は特に好ましい。
Claims (12)
- ヒスタミンH4受容体に関係した掻痒の治療を必要とする哺乳動物を治療するための医薬組成物であって、前記医薬組成物は投与を必要とする哺乳動物に経口投与されるものであり、かつ治療上有効な量のRS−ノルケトチフェン又はその薬学的に許容可能な塩を含んでなる医薬組成物。
- ヒスタミンH4受容体に関係した掻痒はヒスタミンH1インバースアゴニストを用いた治療に抵抗性である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 哺乳動物はヒトである、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- RS−ノルケトチフェン又はその薬学的に許容可能な塩の治療上有効な量は2〜500mg/日である、請求項3に記載の医薬組成物。
- 哺乳動物はイヌである、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- RS−ノルケトチフェン又はその薬学的に許容可能な塩の治療上有効な量は2mg/kg/日〜28mg/kg/日である、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒスタミンH4受容体に関係した掻痒は薬物の副作用に関連している、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒスタミンH4受容体に関係した掻痒は皮膚障害に関連している、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒスタミンH4受容体に関係した掻痒は全身性の障害に関連している、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒスタミンH4受容体に関係した掻痒は神経障害に関連している、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒスタミンH4受容体に関係した掻痒は精神障害に関連している、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- ヒスタミンH4受容体に関係した掻痒は特発性の掻痒である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
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US13/960,114 US9138431B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2013-08-06 | Methods of treatment of histamine H-4 receptor-related pruritus |
PCT/US2014/049173 WO2015020878A1 (en) | 2013-08-06 | 2014-07-31 | Methods of treating pruritic conditions mediated through histamine h-4 receptors |
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JP2019529541A (ja) | 2016-09-08 | 2019-10-17 | エマーゴ セラピューティクス,インク. | 高サイトカイン血症及びウィルス感染の処置の為の肥満細胞安定剤 |
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