JP6328107B2 - 膨張特性を有する電池活物質用のマルチシェル構造体 - Google Patents
膨張特性を有する電池活物質用のマルチシェル構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6328107B2 JP6328107B2 JP2015517487A JP2015517487A JP6328107B2 JP 6328107 B2 JP6328107 B2 JP 6328107B2 JP 2015517487 A JP2015517487 A JP 2015517487A JP 2015517487 A JP2015517487 A JP 2015517487A JP 6328107 B2 JP6328107 B2 JP 6328107B2
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
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Description
本特許出願は、参照により本明細書に明示的に組み込まれている、2013年6月17日に出願した「Multi−Shell Structures and Fabrication Methods for Battery Active Materials with Expansion Properties」という名称の米国特許非仮出願第13/919,818号明細書、及び、2012年6月18日に出願した「Multi Shell Structures Designed for Battery Active Materials with Expansion Properties」という名称の米国特許仮出願第61/661,336号明細書の優先権を主張するものである。
Claims (41)
- コア−シェル複合体を含む電池電極組成物であって、該複合体のそれぞれが、
電池の動作中に金属イオンを蓄積及び放出するように提供され、該金属イオンの該蓄積及び放出が、該活物質の7%を超える体積変化を引き起こす、活物質と、
前記体積変化に適応するように、前記活物質と組み合わせて配置され、かつ、前記金属イオンの前記蓄積及び放出に応答して不可逆的に変形する、可潰性のコアと、
少なくとも部分的に前記活物質及び前記コアを包み、前記活物質によって蓄積及び放出される前記金属イオンに対して実質的に透過性である材料から形成されるシェルと
を含む電池電極組成物。 - 前記可潰性のコアが、複数の開いた孔または閉じた孔によって前記体積変化を吸収する多孔性材料から形成される、請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記コアの前記多孔性材料が、多孔性かつ電気伝導性の炭素材料を含む、請求項2に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記活物質が、少なくとも部分的に前記コアの前記多孔性材料を包む、請求項2に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記活物質を前記コアの前記多孔性材料と共に散在させる、請求項2に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記多孔性材料が、1つもしくは複数の湾曲線状または湾曲平面状のバックボーンで形成された多孔性基体を含む、請求項2に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記多孔性材料が、前記多孔性基体と共に散在させた多孔性充填材をさらに含む、請求項6に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記可潰性のコアが、前記活物質によって包まれた中央の空隙を含む、請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記中央の空隙が前記活物質と直接接触する、請求項8に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記シェルが、前記活物質の酸化を防止するために、少なくとも部分的に前記活物質及び前記コアを包む保護コーティングを含む、請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記シェルが、少なくとも部分的に前記活物質及び前記コアを包む多孔性コーティングを含み、該多孔性コーティングが、体積変化にさらに適応するために、複数の開いた孔または閉じた孔を有する、請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記多孔性コーティング中の前記孔の少なくともいくつかが、第1の機能性充填材料で充填された閉じた孔である、請求項11に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記多孔性コーティング中の少なくともいくつかの他の孔が、第2の機能性充填材料で充填された閉じた孔である、請求項12に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記多孔性コーティング中の前記孔の少なくともいくつかが、前記多孔性コーティングと相互貫通し機能性充填材料で充填された開いた孔である、請求項11に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記シェルが内層及び外層を含む複合材料である、請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記内層が保護コーティング層または多孔性コーティング層の一方であり、前記外層が該保護コーティング層または該多孔性コーティング層の他方である、請求項15に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記内層が前記保護コーティング層であり、前記外層が前記多孔性コーティング層であり、前記複合材料が、少なくとも部分的の他の層を包み、(i)実質的に電気伝導性であり、かつ(ii)電解質溶媒の分子に対して実質的に不浸透性である材料から形成される追加のコーティング層をさらに含む、請求項16に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記活物質が、前記可潰性のコアのまわりに配置された、または、前記可潰性のコアと共に散在させた離散粒子を含む、請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記粒子が、前記活物質の酸化を防止するために保護コーティングで被覆される、請求項18に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記活物質が、前記可潰性のコアの上にコンフォーマルに被覆される、請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記活物質が、金属フッ化物または金属オキシフッ化物を含む活カソード材料である請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記金属フッ化物または前記金属オキシフッ化物の金属が、銅(Cu)、鉄(Fe)、またはリチウム(Li)を含む請求項21に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記可潰性のコアは、多孔性材料から形成され、
前記活カソード材料を前記コアの前記多孔性材料と共に散在させる請求項21に記載の電池電極組成物。 - 前記活物質がケイ素を含む請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記ケイ素を含む活物質が、さらにアンチモン(Sb)、スズ(Sn)、マグネシウム(Mg)、チタニウム(Ti)、鉄(Fe)、ニッケル(Ni)、または銅(Cu)を含む請求項24に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記活物質は、500nmより小さい粒径を有する請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記コア−シェル複合体が、50nmから50μmの範囲の個々の粒子サイズを有する
請求項26に記載の電池電極組成物。 - 前記可潰性のコアが、活性化された炭素材料である請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記活性化された炭素材料は、ポリマー前駆体から誘導される請求項28に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記活性化された炭素材料は、体積で約20%から約90%の間の空孔を有する請求項28に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記活性化された炭素材料は、二酸化炭素(CO2)ガスまたは水蒸気(H2O)中における活性化から誘導される請求項28に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記活性化された炭素材料は、3nm以下の平均孔サイズを有する請求項28に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記シェルが、保護用の炭素コーティングを備えている請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記保護用の炭素コーティングは、炭化水素ガスに前記活物質を曝されることから誘導化される請求項33に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記炭化水素ガスは、アセチレンまたはプロピレンである請求項34に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記保護用の炭素コーティングは、化学蒸着(CVD)によって堆積させた炭素層を備えている請求項33に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記保護用の炭素コーティングは、ポリマーを含む請求項33に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記保護用の炭素コーティングは、炭化されたポリマーを含む請求項33に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記シェルが、多孔性コーティング、および蒸気相から前記多孔性コーティングに堆積した充填材料を備えている請求項1に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記充填材料が、多孔性の電気伝導性炭素である請求項39に記載の電池電極組成物。
- 前記多孔性コーティングが、ポリマーのコーディング層または炭化されたポリマーのコーティング層を含む請求項39に記載の電池電極組成物。
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US13/919,818 US20130344391A1 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-06-17 | Multi-shell structures and fabrication methods for battery active materials with expansion properties |
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CN105870407A (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
JP2015519719A (ja) | 2015-07-09 |
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CN104521036B (zh) | 2016-04-27 |
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CN104521036A (zh) | 2015-04-15 |
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JP2018139216A (ja) | 2018-09-06 |
JP6715877B2 (ja) | 2020-07-01 |
WO2013192205A1 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
CN105870407B (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
EP2862220A1 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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