JP6315954B2 - Solid oxide fuel cell - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reformer that generates a fuel gas by steam reforming a hydrocarbon-based raw fuel gas, and a plurality of generators that generate power by oxidizing and reducing fuel gas and oxidant generated in the reformer. The present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell including a cell stack having the fuel cell and a combustion section for burning off-gas from the cell stack.

  Conventionally, a solid oxide fuel cell in which a fuel cell using a solid electrolyte as a membrane for conducting oxygen ions is housed in a fuel cell housing is known. In this solid oxide fuel cell, zirconia doped with yttria is generally used as a solid electrolyte, a fuel electrode for oxidizing fuel gas is provided on one side of the solid electrolyte, and air is provided on the other side. An oxygen electrode for reducing oxygen (oxidant) therein is provided. Then, at a high temperature of 700 to 1000 ° C., hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons in the reformed fuel gas obtained by reforming the fuel gas and oxygen as an oxidant are electrochemically reacted to generate power. Such a solid oxide fuel cell has been developed as a promising power generation technology because it can generate power with particularly high power generation efficiency as compared with other fuel cells and gas engines.

  In such a solid oxide fuel cell, surplus fuel gas remaining in the off-gas discharged from the cell stack after the electrochemical reaction in the cell stack is burned in the combustion section. A vaporizer and a reformer are disposed in the vicinity of the combustion section, and steam is generated in the vaporizer using the combustion heat directly, and a reforming reaction using the steam is performed in the reformer. Done.

  In general, in the fuel cell field, the ratio of how much generated current is taken out with respect to the consumption rate of valence electrons of fuel gas (this consumption rate is proportional to the flow rate of fuel gas) is defined as the fuel utilization rate. It is recognized as an important parameter during operation. The higher the fuel utilization rate, the higher the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell. This high fuel utilization rate means that the amount of surplus fuel gas that is not used for power generation (electrochemical reaction) (that is, the amount of fuel gas components contained in off-gas) is reduced, and combustion obtained by combustion in the combustion section Means less heat. Therefore, if this fuel utilization rate becomes too high, the combustion heat generated in the combustion section in the fuel cell housing (generally, the inner surface thereof is covered with a heat insulating material) is reduced, so that the inside of the fuel cell housing There is not enough heat to keep the temperature constant. And the operating temperature of a fuel battery cell falls and the problem that the electric power generation performance falls arises. For this reason, it is difficult to increase the fuel utilization rate beyond a certain value, although it depends on the rated power generation capacity.

  In order to avoid the problem of temperature drop inside the fuel cell housing while reducing the amount of surplus fuel gas burned in the combustion section and improving power generation efficiency, a vaporizer that performs a vaporization reaction that is an endothermic reaction It is also conceivable that the fuel cell is transferred to a part not related to the heat absorption of the fuel cell, for example, the outside of the fuel cell housing, and vaporized by using the exhaust heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell to the outside. However, if the vaporizer is provided outside the fuel cell housing, the amount of water vapor required for the steam reforming reaction is obtained in the vaporizer because the residual heat is insufficient at the initial start of the solid oxide fuel cell. This is difficult and causes a problem that the concentration of water vapor supplied to the reformer becomes low.

  In order to cope with the above problems, in Patent Document 1, a vaporizer is provided both inside and outside the fuel cell housing, and both are used properly according to the time. For example, the first carburetor (12) that is provided inside the fuel cell housing and is heated by the combustion heat in the combustion section is used at the start of the fuel cell. On the other hand, the second carburetor (14) provided outside the fuel cell housing and heated by the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell housing has reached a predetermined temperature after the fuel cell is started. Used in By adopting such a configuration, a sufficient amount of heat for vaporizing water is supplied to the carburetor both at the initial start of the fuel cell and thereafter.

JP 2010-251309 A

However, in the fuel cell described in Patent Document 1, since two vaporizers are used by switching, two pipes for supplying water are required, and the two water supply destinations are required. A valve for switching to any one of the pipes is also required. Therefore, it has been an obstacle to downsizing and cost reduction of the apparatus.
Further, since the temperature of the combustion section is low in the initial process of starting the fuel cell, the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell housing contains CO, H _2, etc. as unburned gas. For this reason, it is necessary to provide a combustion catalyst in the vicinity of the outlet of the fuel cell housing and oxidize and remove them, as used in conventional solid oxide fuel cells. Since such a combustion catalyst does not have sufficient activity at room temperature, additional heating means such as a heater for preheating is required.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to achieve a high fuel utilization rate without complicating the configuration of the apparatus and increasing the cost of the apparatus, and at the initial stage of startup. Therefore, a solid oxide fuel cell capable of exhibiting stable performance is provided.

In order to achieve the above object, the characteristic configuration of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention is as follows:
A reformer that generates a fuel gas by steam reforming a hydrocarbon-based raw fuel gas, and a plurality of fuel cells that generate power by oxidation and reduction of the fuel gas and oxidant generated in the reformer A cell stack having a cell, and a combustion section for burning off-gas from the cell stack inside the fuel cell housing;
A first heating unit that heats the raw fuel gas supplied to the reformer using heat of exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the fuel cell housing to the outside, and the reforming using heat of the exhaust gas A vaporization section for vaporizing water to be supplied to the vessel, a catalyst combustion section for burning and removing unburned gas remaining in the exhaust gas, and an auxiliary heating means capable of heating the vaporization section and the catalyst combustion section simultaneously. A heating device having the outside of the fuel cell housing ,
The auxiliary heating means is configured in a form having a spread in a planar shape,
The catalytic combustion part is located adjacent to the vaporization part in substantially the same plane facing the auxiliary heating means .

According to the above characteristic configuration, the heating apparatus including the first heating unit that heats the raw fuel gas supplied to the reformer and the vaporization unit that vaporizes the water supplied to the reformer using the heat of the exhaust gas. , Provided outside the fuel cell housing. That is, the heat inside the fuel cell housing is not consumed greatly for heating the raw fuel gas, and is not consumed greatly for water vaporization. As a result, even when the fuel utilization rate is high (that is, even when the combustion heat is relatively lowered due to the small amount of fuel gas components contained in the off-gas discharged from the cell stack). In addition, the temperature inside the fuel cell housing can be kept stable and high, and the power generation performance of the solid oxide fuel cell can be maintained.
In addition, the heating device has auxiliary heating means capable of simultaneously heating the vaporizing section and the catalytic combustion section. That is, in the vaporization section, water supplied to the reformer can be vaporized using heat supplied from the auxiliary heating means in addition to the heat of the exhaust gas. Can be generated stably. In the catalytic combustion section, even if the temperature of the supplied exhaust gas is low, the temperature is raised using the heat supplied from the auxiliary heating means, so that sufficient catalytic activity can be exhibited. As a result, unburned gas (for example, CO, H _2, etc.) contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell housing can be prevented from flowing out of the solid oxide fuel cell.
Further, in the prior art, vaporization portions are provided both inside and outside the fuel cell housing, and these vaporization portions are switched and used. However, in this feature configuration, the vaporization portion is provided outside the fuel cell housing. Therefore, there is an advantage that the apparatus configuration can be simplified.
Accordingly, there is provided a solid oxide fuel cell capable of exhibiting stable performance from the initial start-up stage while achieving a high fuel utilization rate without complicating the configuration of the apparatus and increasing the cost of the apparatus. it can.
Further, according to the above characteristic configuration, the portion that functions as the vaporization portion (the portion through which the raw fuel gas and water (steam) flow) and the catalytic combustion portion are in a positional relationship facing the auxiliary heating means that also has a planar shape. Be placed. That is, the heat transfer area for heat exchange between the two can be increased.
Another characteristic configuration of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention is as follows:
The catalytic combustion unit includes a first catalytic combustion unit and a second catalytic combustion unit,
The first catalyst combustion part and the second catalyst combustion part are arranged on both sides of the vaporization part .

  Another characteristic configuration of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention is that the auxiliary heating means includes a cartridge heater as a heat source and a plate-like heat conduction member in which the cartridge heater is built.

  According to the above characteristic configuration, the heat generated by the cartridge heater is transmitted to the plate-like heat conducting member. Since the heat conducting member has a plate shape, that is, a shape having a large surface area, heat transfer to a wide area can be performed using the auxiliary heating means.

  Still another characteristic configuration of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention is that the auxiliary heating means includes a cartridge heater as a heat source, a plate-like first heat conduction member in which the cartridge heater is incorporated, It has the point which has the plate-shaped 2nd heat conductive member which touches 1 heat conductive member.

  According to the above characteristic configuration, the heat generated by the cartridge heater is transmitted to the plate-like heat conducting member. Since both the first heat conducting member and the second heat conducting member are plate-shaped, that is, have a large surface area, heat transfer to a wide area can be performed using auxiliary heating means.

  Still another characteristic configuration of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention is that the heating device is used for heating the raw fuel gas in the first heating unit and in the vaporization unit. It has the point which has the 2nd heating part which heats the oxidant supplied to the fuel cell using the heat which the exhaust gas after being used for the vaporization of water has.

According to the above characteristic configuration, the oxidant is supplied to the fuel cell after being heated by the heating device (second heating unit) provided outside the fuel cell housing. That is, the heat inside the fuel cell housing is not greatly consumed due to the heating of the oxidant. As a result, even when the fuel utilization rate is high (that is, even when the combustion heat is relatively lowered due to the small amount of unburned gas contained in the off-gas discharged from the cell stack) In addition, the temperature inside the fuel cell housing can be kept stable and high, and the power generation performance of the solid oxide fuel cell can be maintained.
In addition, the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell housing is used for heating the raw fuel and water in the first heating unit and the vaporization unit, and then used for heating the oxidant in the second heating unit. That is, it is possible to supply a relatively high temperature exhaust gas to the first heating unit and the vaporization unit, and to heat the raw fuel and water with the high temperature exhaust gas.

According to still another feature of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention, the heating device may be configured such that the fuel is in a state facing one outer surface of the fuel cell housing to which heat inside the fuel cell housing is transmitted. Constructed integrally with the battery housing,
The first heating unit and the vaporizing unit are arranged at positions closer to the fuel cell housing than the second heating unit.

According to the above characteristic configuration, since the heating device is provided in a state facing the one outer surface of the fuel cell housing, the heat released from the one outer surface of the fuel cell housing can be received and used by the heating device. .
In addition, the heat released from the members constituting the fuel cell housing can be preferentially transmitted to the first heating unit and the vaporizing unit over the second heating unit in the heating device.

  Still another characteristic configuration of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention is that the first heating unit has a first heating space that spreads in a planar shape, and the raw fuel gas is formed in the first heating space. At least a portion of the first heating space functions as the vaporization unit that is supplied with water supplied to the reformer and vaporizes the water, and the first heating unit In the above, a mixed gas of the raw fuel gas and steam supplied to the reformer is generated.

  According to the above characteristic configuration, heating of the raw fuel gas and vaporization of water (that is, generation of water vapor) and generation of a mixed gas of the raw fuel gas and water vapor are performed in the first heating unit that also functions as the vaporization unit. . As a result, the apparatus should be simplified compared to the case where a device for heating raw fuel gas, a device for vaporizing water, and a device for generating a mixed gas of raw fuel gas and water vapor are provided separately. Can do.

It is a functional block diagram of a fuel cell housing and a heating device provided in a solid oxide fuel cell. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solid oxide fuel cell. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the apparatus accommodated in the fuel cell housing of a solid oxide fuel cell. It is a figure explaining the whole structure of the heating apparatus of a solid oxide fuel cell. It is a disassembled perspective view explaining the structure of the upper stage part of a heating apparatus. It is a figure explaining the structure of the back surface of A layer which the upper stage part of a heating apparatus has. It is a figure explaining the structure of the auxiliary heating means which the upper stage part of a heating apparatus has. It is a disassembled perspective view explaining the structure of the lower stage part of a heating apparatus.

A solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a fuel cell housing 1 and a heating device 2 included in a solid oxide fuel cell FC.
As shown in FIG. 1, the solid oxide fuel cell FC is formed by steam reforming a hydrocarbon-based raw fuel gas (CH ₄ (methane) is exemplified in the figure) (H ₂ (in the figure)). And a plurality of fuel cells that generate power by oxidation and reduction of a fuel gas and an oxidant (oxygen (air), which will be described later) generated by the reformer 3. 14 and a combustion section 10 for burning off-gas from the cell stack 9 is provided inside the fuel cell housing 1, and the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the fuel cell housing 1 to the outside is used. The first heating unit 2A that heats the raw fuel gas supplied to the reformer 3, the vaporization unit 16 that vaporizes the water supplied to the reformer 3 using the heat of the exhaust gas, and the remaining in the exhaust gas burning and removing unburned gases (e.g., CO, H _2, etc.) That the catalytic combustion section 36, a heating device 2 and a vaporizing section 16 and a catalytic combustion section 36 simultaneously heatable auxiliary heating means 41, provided outside of the fuel cell housing 1. Further, in the present embodiment, the heating device 2 includes the exhaust gas after being used for heating the raw fuel gas in the first heating unit 2A and after being used for vaporizing water in the vaporization unit 16. A second heating unit 2B that heats oxygen (oxidant) supplied to the fuel battery cell 14 using heat is provided.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solid oxide fuel cell FC. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a device housed in the fuel cell housing 1 of the solid oxide fuel cell FC. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the outer case 4 accommodates the fuel cell housing 1 and the heating device 2. That is, the solid oxide fuel cell FC shown in FIG. 2 includes the heating device 2 integrally with the fuel cell housing 1 in a state facing the one outer surface of the fuel cell housing 1.

  The fuel cell housing 1 is configured by being surrounded by four side walls 1b, an upper wall 1c, and a lower wall 1e. The fuel cell housing 1 is a plan view, that is, has a rectangular cross section. In each figure, the short direction of the rectangle is denoted by “X”, and the longitudinal direction perpendicular thereto is denoted by “Y”. Furthermore, the interior of the fuel cell housing 1 is an internal partition wall provided so as to face the X direction inside the two side walls 1b facing each other in the X direction and to connect the facing parts inside the lower wall 1e. It is partitioned at 1a. Note that the internal partition wall 1a is not provided at a portion facing in the Y direction. That is, inside the fuel cell housing 1, the internal partition walls 1a face each other in the X direction, and the side walls 1b face each other in the Y direction. Further, a heat insulating material 37 is provided on the inner side of the inner partition wall 1a facing the X direction and connecting the facing portions inside the lower wall 1e and the side wall 1b facing the Y direction, Further inside the material 37, the reformer 3, the cell stack 9 and the gas manifold 15 are provided. Further, as will be described later, exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the fuel cell housing 1 flows in a space between the side wall 1b and the lower wall 1e outside the inner partition wall 1a.

  The cell stack 9 provided inside the heat insulating material 37 inside the fuel cell housing 1 is composed of a fuel flow part (not shown) through which the fuel gas generated by the reformer 3 flows and air (that is, A plurality of solid oxide fuel cells 14 each having an air flow portion (not shown) through which an oxidant (oxygen) flows are electrically connected in series. Although illustration is omitted, the fuel cell 14 is configured in a solid oxide form having a solid electrolyte layer between the fuel electrode and the air electrode. In each fuel cell 14, the fuel gas is supplied to the entire fuel electrode by flowing the fuel gas upward through the fuel flow portion, and the air is flowed upward through the air flow portion. Air is supplied to the whole. That is, each fuel cell 14 is installed inside the fuel cell housing 1 in a state in which the fuel gas discharge port in the fuel flow portion and the discharge port in the air flow portion are arranged in the horizontal direction with the posture facing upward. Yes.

  In addition, a gas manifold 15 that receives fuel gas supplied from the reformer 3 through the fuel gas supply path 11 is provided. The plurality of fuel cells 14 are arranged above the gas manifold 15 as described above, and the gas manifold 15 and the gas inlet at the lower end of the fuel flow portion in the plurality of fuel cells 14 are connected in communication. Has been. Then, the fuel gas supplied to the gas manifold 15 is supplied from the gas introduction port at the lower end to the fuel flow portions of the plurality of fuel cells 14, and each fuel flow portion is passed from the lower side to the upper side. To be used for power generation reaction. The exhaust fuel gas after being subjected to the power generation reaction is discharged from the upper discharge port.

  Air is supplied to the space inside the heat insulating material 37 via an air introduction path 8 and a downward guide path 1d described later. An air supply hole (not shown) that connects the space inside the heat insulating material 37 and the inside of the air flow portion is provided near the lower end of the air flow portion in each of the plurality of fuel cells 14. Yes. Air in the space inside the heat insulating material 37 is supplied to the air flow portions of the plurality of fuel cells 14 through the air supply holes, and each air flow portion flows from the lower side to the upper side to generate power. Subject to reaction. The exhaust air after being subjected to the power generation reaction is discharged from the upper discharge port.

  Combustion that burns off-gas (that is, exhaust fuel gas discharged from the fuel flow portion of each fuel cell 14 and exhaust air (that is, oxygen) discharged from the air flow portion) above the cell stack 9. A space (that is, the combustion unit 10) is formed. That is, the combustion unit 10 is realized by the cell stack 9. In addition, the reformer 3 is provided adjacent to the combustion space above the cell stack 9 that functions as the combustion unit 10. As a result, the reformer 3 is heated by the combustion heat generated in the combustion unit 10. A gas mixture of raw fuel gas and steam is supplied to the reformer 3 via the mixed gas supply path 7, and the reformer 3 performs steam reforming of the raw fuel gas. Although not shown, the reformer 3 is filled with a reforming catalyst, and the raw fuel gas is reformed by the catalytic action of the reforming catalyst.

  Exhaust gas from the inside of the fuel cell housing 1 is discharged to the outside of the fuel cell housing 1 through a space between the side wall 1b and the lower wall 1e outside the inner partition wall 1a. In this embodiment, the exhaust gas generated in the space inside the heat insulating material 37 flows downward in the space between the inner partition wall 1a and the side wall 1b, and enters the space between the inner partition wall 1a and the lower wall 1e. Then, it passes through the exhaust gas outlet 12 and is discharged to the heating device 2.

  Next, the configuration of the heating device 2 of the solid oxide fuel cell FC will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the overall configuration of the heating device 2 of the solid oxide fuel cell FC. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the configuration of the upper part of the heating device 2. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the A layer 17 </ b> A included in the upper part of the heating device 2. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the auxiliary heating means 41 included in the upper stage portion of the heating device 2. FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the configuration of the lower part of the heating device 2. Also in these drawings, the rectangular short direction of the heating device 2 is expressed as “X”, and the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the rectangular direction of the heating device 2 is expressed as “Y”.

  The heating device 2 of the present embodiment has a multilayer structure including eight layers from the A layer 17A to the H layer 17H. Among these, the upper stage portion shown in FIG. 5 is composed of three layers from the A layer 17A to the C layer 17C, and the first heating unit 2A, the vaporization unit 16, the catalytic combustion unit 36, the auxiliary heating means 41, and the second heat conduction. A member 43 is included. Moreover, the lower stage part shown in FIG. 8 is comprised by five layers from D layer 17D-H layer 17H, and the 2nd heating part 2B is included. Moreover, the heating apparatus 2 is configured in a plan view, that is, a rectangular cross section. In addition, in the present embodiment, the first heating unit 2A and the vaporizing unit 16 (A layer 17A) are arranged at positions closer to the fuel cell housing 1 than the second heating unit 2B (E layer 17E, G layer 17G). The

  Moreover, the heating apparatus 2 is configured in a plan view, that is, a rectangular cross section. In particular, in the present embodiment, the rectangular shape of the fuel cell housing 1 in plan view and the rectangular shape of the heating device 2 in plan view are formed in substantially the same shape. As a result, the fuel cell housing 1 and the heating device 2 are integrated in a state where they are stacked with the heating device 2 disposed below. That is, the heating device 2 is provided integrally with the fuel cell housing 1 in a state facing the lower wall 1e that is one outer surface of the fuel cell housing 1 to which the heat inside the fuel cell housing 1 is transmitted. Therefore, even if heat is released from the lower wall 1e of the fuel cell housing 1 to the outside, the released heat is hardly dissipated and integrated with the fuel cell housing 1 in a state facing the lower wall 1e. It is transmitted to the provided heating device 2 side.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the exhaust gas from the fuel cell housing 1 is discharged to the outside of the fuel cell housing 1 through the exhaust gas outlet / inlet 12 provided in the lower wall 1e (that is, the first heating unit 2A). To be supplied to the inside).

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, 5, and 8, a plate-shaped heat transfer amount adjusting member 5 is interposed between the fuel cell housing 1 and the heating device 2, and an upper portion (layer A) of the heating device 2. 17A to C layer 17C) and a lower portion (D layer 17D to H layer 17H) are provided with a plate-like heat transfer amount adjusting member 6 interposed therebetween. By providing the heat transfer amount adjusting members 5 and 6, heat transfer from one side to the other side with the heat transfer amount adjusting members 5 and 6 sandwiched can be adjusted or restricted. That is, if the heat transfer amount adjusting members 5 and 6 are configured to limit heat transfer, heat transfer from the fuel cell housing 1 to the heating device 2 and the upper portion (A layer 17A to C layer 17C). Heat transfer to the lower part (D layer 17D to H layer 17H) can be performed mainly by heat transfer using exhaust gas as a medium. Or if the structure which accelerates | stimulates heat transfer is employ | adopted as the heat-transfer amount adjustment members 5 and 6, the heat transfer from the fuel cell housing 1 to the heating apparatus 2, and the upper stage part (A layer 17A-C layer 17C) Heat transfer to the lower part (D layer 17D to H layer 17H) can be performed by heat transfer using exhaust gas as a medium and heat transfer via the heat transfer amount adjusting members 5 and 6.

  For example, in the case where heat transfer from the member constituting the fuel cell housing 1 to the member constituting the heating device 2 is restricted by the heat transfer amount adjusting members 5 and 6, the heat insulating material is formed in a plate shape or a sheet shape, The heat insulating sheet is formed into a bag shape, and the structure in which the bag-shaped heat insulating sheet is filled with granular heat insulating material, the structure of the space layer that eliminates direct contact as much as possible, and the structure of the vacuum heat insulating layer are transmitted. The heat quantity adjusting members 5 and 6 can be employed. Alternatively, when heat transfer from the members constituting the fuel cell housing 1 to the members constituting the heating device 2 is promoted by the heat transfer amount adjusting members 5 and 6, a plate-shaped metal material or the like is used as the heat transfer amount adjusting member. 5 and 6 can be adopted.

  Next, the structure of the upper part (A layer 17A-C layer 17C) and the lower part (D layer 17D-H layer 17H) which the heating apparatus 2 has is demonstrated.

[Upper part (A layer 17A to C layer 17C)]
As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, the A layer 17 </ b> A includes the first heating unit 2 </ b> A, the vaporization unit 16, and the catalytic combustion unit 36. As will be described later, the first heating unit 2A has a first heating space 18 that spreads in a planar shape, and the raw fuel gas flows in a direction along the surface formed by the first heating space 18, and the first heating space. At least a part of 18 functions as a vaporization unit 16 in which water supplied to the reformer 3 is supplied and vaporization of the water is performed, and the raw fuel gas supplied to the reformer 3 in the first heating unit 2A. A mixed gas of water and water vapor is generated.

  Specifically, the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell housing 1 is supplied to the A layer 17A. The lower wall 1e of the above-described fuel cell housing 1 provided above the A layer 17A serves as a lid member for the A layer 17A. In addition, the lower wall 1 e also serves as the heat transfer amount adjusting member 5 that adjusts the heat transfer amount from the fuel cell housing 1 to the heating device 2.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the surface side of the A layer 17 </ b> A is divided into three sections by a partition member 29. The catalytic combustion unit 36 includes a part (first catalytic combustion part 36A) surrounded by the partition member 29a and a part (second catalytic combustion part 36B) surrounded by the partition member 29b. Exhaust gas flows into the one end side of the first catalytic combustion section 36A from the exhaust gas inlet / outlet 12a (12), and the exhaust gas passes through the hole 38a provided on the other end side of the first catalytic combustion section 36A, and the back surface of the A layer 17A. Discharged to the side. Similarly, exhaust gas flows into the one end side of the second catalyst combustion unit 36B from the exhaust gas outlet 12b (12), and the exhaust gas passes through the hole 38b provided on the other end side of the second catalyst combustion unit 36B and passes through the A layer. It is discharged to the back side of 17A.

The first catalytic combustion section 36A is formed into a corrugated shape by alternately arranging valley portions and mountain portions extending linearly along the longitudinal direction (Y direction) toward the short direction (X direction). A corrugated plate 36a is provided. In other words, in the first catalytic combustion section 36A, the waveform portion restricts the exhaust gas from flowing in the short direction (X direction). Similarly, in the second catalytic combustion section 36B, the trough portions and the peak portions extending linearly along the longitudinal direction (Y direction) are alternately arranged in the short direction (X direction), thereby causing waves. A corrugated plate 36b formed in the mold is provided. That is, in the second catalytic combustion unit 36B, the wave portion restricts the exhaust gas from flowing in the short direction (X direction). The valley portions of the corrugated plate 36a and the corrugated plate 36b are filled with a combustion catalyst, and here, catalytic combustion of unburned gas (for example, CO, H _2, etc.) contained in the exhaust gas is performed. .

  On the surface of the A layer 17A, the first heating unit 2A for heating the raw fuel gas supplied to the reformer 3 using the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the fuel cell housing 1 to the outside, and the exhaust gas There is also provided a vaporization section 16 for vaporizing water supplied to the reformer 3 using the heat it has. The first heating unit 2 </ b> A has a first heating space 18 that spreads in a planar shape, and the raw fuel gas flows in a direction along the surface formed by the first heating space 18. At least a part of the first heating space 18 functions as the vaporization unit 16 in which water supplied to the reformer 3 is supplied and the water is vaporized. In the first heating unit 2A, a mixed gas of raw fuel gas and water vapor supplied to the reformer 3 is generated. The first heating space 18 is a space in which a wave plate 44 and a wave plate 45 described later are provided. That is, heating of the raw fuel gas and vaporization of water (that is, generation of water vapor) and generation of a mixed gas of the raw fuel gas and water vapor are performed in the first heating unit 2A that also functions as the vaporization unit 16.

As shown in FIG. 5, a corrugated plate 44 is provided in a region sandwiched between the first catalytic combustion section 36A and the second catalytic combustion section 36B on the surface side of the A layer 17A. The corrugated plate 44 is supplied with raw fuel gas (referred to as “CH ₄ ”: methane in the figure) via the raw fuel supply pipe 23, and via the water supply pipe 22. Water (denoted as “H ₂ O” in the figure) is supplied. As will be described later, the corrugated plate 44 functions as the vaporizing section 16 that vaporizes the supplied water. Then, the mixed gas of the raw fuel gas and the water vapor obtained at the corrugated plate 44 flows out toward the corrugated plate 45 on the downstream side.

Heat (heat retained by the exhaust gas) is transmitted from the adjacent catalytic combustion portions 36A and 36B to the portion of the corrugated plate 44 to which the raw fuel gas and water are supplied, and in addition, the heat transfer amount adjusting member from the fuel cell housing 1 Heat may be transferred through 5.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the back surface side of the A layer 17 </ b> A is opposed to the portion where the catalytic combustion portions 36 </ b> A and 36 </ b> B are provided and the portion where the corrugated plate 44 is provided. The part is provided with auxiliary heating means 41 constituting the B layer 17B. As a result, heat generated by the auxiliary heating means 41 is transmitted to the portion where the catalytic combustion portions 36A and 36B are provided and the portion where the corrugated plate 44 is provided. That is, the auxiliary heating means 41 is configured to be able to simultaneously heat the portion where the catalyst combustion portions 36A and 36B are provided and the portion where the corrugated plate 44 is provided.

  More specifically, the auxiliary heating unit 41 is configured to have a planar shape, and at least a part of the auxiliary heating unit 41 and the first heating space 18 of the first heating unit 2A (a portion where the corrugated plate 44 is provided). Are arranged in a positional relationship facing each other. As described above, in the first heating space 18 that extends in the planar shape of the first heating unit 2A, the portion functioning as the vaporization unit 16 (the portion through which the raw fuel gas and water (water vapor) flow) also spreads in the planar shape. It arrange | positions by the positional relationship facing the auxiliary heating means 41 which has. That is, the heat transfer area for heat exchange between the two can be increased.

  As described above, heat is transmitted from the fuel cell housing 1 through the heat transfer amount adjusting member 5 to the portion where the corrugated plate 44 to which the raw fuel gas and water are supplied, and the adjacent catalyst. Heat (heat retained by the exhaust gas) is transmitted from the combustion units 36A and 36B, and heat is transmitted from the auxiliary heating means 41 provided on the back surface. As a result, in the portion where the corrugated plate 44 is provided, the heating of the raw fuel gas and the heating of water (vaporization) are performed together, and further the mixing of the raw fuel gas and water vapor is performed. That is, the portion where the corrugated plate 44 is provided functions as the first heating unit 2 </ b> A and the vaporization unit 16. Then, the mixed gas of the raw fuel gas and the water vapor created in the portion where the corrugated plate 44 is provided moves to the portion where the corrugated plate 45 on the downstream side is provided. In particular, when a shape such as a corrugated plate is employed, the contact area between the flowing gas or water and the corrugated plate increases. As a result, heat exchange through the corrugated plate is efficiently performed.

  The exhaust gas discharged from the hole 38a after flowing through the first catalyst combustion part 36A and the exhaust gas discharged from the hole 38b after flowing through the second catalyst combustion part 36B reach the back surface of the A layer 17A. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the structure of the back surface side of the A layer 17A. As shown in FIG. 6, the exhaust gas (exhaust gas after passing through the catalytic combustion unit 36) flowing from the front side of the A layer 17 </ b> A through the holes 38 a and 38 b to the back side of the A layer 17 </ b> A It passes through the corrugated plate 46 provided. The corrugated plate 46 is formed into a corrugated shape by alternately arranging valley portions and mountain portions extending linearly along the longitudinal direction (Y direction) in the lateral direction (X direction). Yes.

  The portion where the corrugated plate 46 on the back side of the A layer 17A is provided (that is, the portion where the mixed gas of raw fuel gas and water vapor flows) is provided with the corrugated plate 45 on the front side of the A layer 17A. This corresponds to the portion where the exhaust gas flows after passing through the catalytic combustion portion 36. Thus, the mixed gas flows on the surface side of the A layer 17A, and the exhaust gas flows on the back surface side of the A layer 17A, whereby heat exchange is performed between the front surface side and the back surface side of the A layer 17A. In the case of the present embodiment, the mixed gas flowing through the portion where the corrugated plate 45 is provided on the surface side of the A layer 17A flows through the portion where the corrugated plate 46 is provided on the back surface side of the A layer 17A. Heat stored in the exhaust gas is transferred. That is, the portion where the corrugated plate 45 is provided on the surface side of the A layer 17A is the raw fuel gas supplied to the reformer 3 using the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the fuel cell housing 1 to the outside. Functions as the first heating unit 2A for heating the.

  The mixed gas (mixed gas of raw fuel gas and water vapor) after being heated by the corrugated plate 45 on the surface side of the A layer 17A is discharged to the back side of the A layer 17A through the hole 39.

The B layer 17 </ b> B includes an auxiliary heating means 41 and a lid member 42. The C layer 17 </ b> C is configured by the second heat conducting member 43.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the auxiliary heating means 41. The auxiliary heating means 41 includes a cartridge heater 41c as a heat source, and a plate-like heat conduction member (first heat conduction member) 41a in which the cartridge heater 41c is built. As shown in FIG. 7, a heater hole 41b is formed in the plate-like first heat conducting member 41a along the plate surface. Then, by inserting the cartridge heater 41c into the heater hole 41b, the heat generated by the cartridge heater 41c is transmitted to the first heat conducting member 41a. As the cartridge heater 41c, an electric heater that generates Joule heat when energized can be used.

  In the B layer 17B, the auxiliary heating means 41 and the lid member 42 are provided adjacent to each other along the Y direction. Then, by combining the auxiliary heating means 41 and the lid member 42, the entire back surface side of the A layer 17A is covered. Moreover, the mixed gas flow path 40 extended along a longitudinal direction (Y direction) is formed in the state which combined the auxiliary heating means 41 and the cover member 42. As shown in FIG. The mixed gas flow path 40 is formed by a space surrounded by a groove 40a formed on the back surface side of the A layer 17A and a groove 40b formed on the front surface side of the B layer 17B. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the mixed gas of the raw fuel gas and water vapor flowing from the front surface side to the back surface side of the A layer 17 </ b> A passes through the mixed gas flow path 40 and becomes a mixed gas supply path. To 7.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the second heat conducting member 43 constituting the C layer 17C is provided so as to contact the auxiliary heating means 41 and the lid member 42 of the B layer 17B. That is, the auxiliary heating means 41 of the present embodiment includes a cartridge heater 41c as a heat source, a plate-like first heat conducting member 41a in which the cartridge heater 41c is built, and a plate-like first heat contacting member 41a. 2 heat conducting members 43. As a result, the heat generated by the auxiliary heating means 41 is favorably transmitted to the second heat conducting member 43, and the heat conduction from the second heat conducting member 43 to the lid member 42 is also favorably performed. And the heat which the cover member 42 holds will be transmitted with respect to the waste gas which flows through the back surface of A layer 17A.

[Lower part (D layer 17D to H layer 17H)]
As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 8, the lower part of the heating device 2 includes two layers in which air flows between three layers (D layer 17 </ b> D, F layer 17 </ b> F, and H layer 17 </ b> H) in which exhaust gas flows. (E layer 17E, G layer 17G) is sandwiched. As shown in FIG. 8, the D layer 17D, the F layer 17F, and the H layer 17H through which the exhaust gas flows have the same shape, and the E layer 17E and the G layer 17G through which the air flows have the same shape.

  The exhaust gas discharged from the A layer 17A flows into the layers D layer 17D, F layer 17F, and H layer 17H through which the exhaust gas flows, via the exhaust gas inflow reservoir 50 communicating with each other. Each of the D layer 17D, the F layer 17F, and the H layer 17H is partitioned into six spaces 30a to 30f by five partition members 32 extending along the short-side direction (X direction). Each partition member 32 does not extend over the entire width direction of each layer, and adjacent spaces communicate with each other. For example, the space 30 a and the space 30 b are partitioned by a partition member 32 provided therebetween, but are not completely isolated, and exhaust gas can flow around the end of the partition member 32. Further, in the spaces 30a to 30f, trough portions and mountain portions extending linearly along the short direction (X direction) are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) to form a wave shape. Corrugated plates 31a to 31f are provided. That is, in each space 30a-30f, it is restricted by the corrugated part that the exhaust gas flows in the longitudinal direction (Y direction). In the case of the D layer 17D, the exhaust gas flows into the space 30a from the exhaust gas inflow reservoir 50, and then goes around the partition member 32 in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) to the space 30b, the space 30c, the space 30d, the space 30e, and the space 30f. ) To the exhaust gas outflow reservoir 51 in the end. Then, exhaust is performed from the exhaust gas outflow reservoir 51 via the exhaust pipe 27.

  Specifically, in the D layer 17D, in one space, the exhaust gas flows in the short direction (X direction) in a state where flow in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) is restricted by the corrugated plates 31a to 31f. And flow. As a result, the exhaust gas flows in the space adjacent to the longitudinal direction (Y direction) while flowing in the lateral direction (X direction) in each of the spaces 30a to 30f, and the corrugated plates 31a to 31f are also in that space. Flows in the short direction (X direction) in a state in which the flow in the long direction (Y direction) is restricted by. In other words, when viewed from the entire D layer 17D, each of the spaces 30a to 30f flows in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) from the space 30a to the space 30f while meandering in the short direction (X direction). As described above, in the D layer 17D, the corrugated plates 31a to 31f increase the contact area between the exhaust gas and the corrugated plates 31a to 31f, so that the heat possessed by the exhaust gas is transmitted to the corrugated plates 31a to 31f. It becomes easy to be transmitted to the members themselves constituting the D layer 17D. In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 8, it integrates with the corrugated plates 31a-31f, the partition member 32, etc. which comprise D layer 17D, and has provided the partition plate below it. The partition plate is a member that separates the D layer 17D from the E layer 17E below the D layer 17D. As a result, the heat transmitted to the members constituting the D layer 17D is further transmitted to the E layer 17E provided below the D layer 17D through this partition plate. That is, heat exchange between the relatively high temperature exhaust gas flowing through the D layer 17D and the relatively low temperature air flowing through the E layer 17E is favorably performed by the partition plate as the heat conducting member.

  The E layer 17E and the G layer 17G through which air flows function as the second heating unit 2B that heats the oxidant supplied to the fuel cell 14 using the heat of the exhaust gas. Air (oxygen as an oxidant) supplied from the air supply unit 28 flows into each of the E layer 17E and the G layer 17G via an air inflow reservoir 52 that communicates with each other. Each of the E layer 17E and the G layer 17G is partitioned into six spaces 33a to 33f by five partition members 35 extending along the short side direction (X direction). Each partition member 35 does not extend over the entire width direction of each layer, and adjacent spaces communicate with each other. For example, the space 33 a and the space 33 b are partitioned by a partition member 35 provided therebetween, but are not completely isolated, and air can flow around the end of the partition member 35. Further, in the spaces 33a to 33f, trough portions and mountain portions extending linearly along the short direction (X direction) are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) to form a wave shape. Corrugated plates 34a to 34f are provided. In other words, in each of the spaces 33a to 33f, the airflow is restricted by the corrugated portion from flowing in the longitudinal direction (Y direction). In the case of the E layer 17E, the air flows into the space 33a from the air inflow reservoir 52, and then circulates around the partition member 35 to the space 33b, the space 33c, the space 33d, the space 33e, and the space 33f in the longitudinal direction (Y direction). ) In order and finally reach the air outflow reservoir 53. Then, air is supplied from the air outflow reservoir 53 to the fuel cell housing 1 through the air introduction path 8.

  Specifically, in the E layer 17E, the air flows in the short direction (X direction) in a state where the flow in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) is restricted by the corrugated plates 34a to 34e. And flow. As a result, air flows in the space 33a to 33f in the short direction (X direction) and then flows into the space adjacent to the longitudinal direction (Y direction), and the corrugated plates 34a to 34e also in the space. Flows in the short direction (X direction) in a state in which the flow in the long direction (Y direction) is restricted by. That is, when viewed from the entire E layer 17E, air flows in the longitudinal direction (Y direction) from the space 33a to the space 33f while meandering in the short direction (X direction) in each of the spaces 33a to 33f. As described above, heat is transferred from the D layer 17D to the members constituting the E layer 17E. As a result, in the E layer 17E, the corrugated plates 34a to 34e increase the contact area between the air and the corrugated plates 34a to 34e, so that the heat held by the members constituting the E layer 17E is transferred to the air. It becomes easy. The air heated by the E layer 17E is introduced into the fuel cell housing 1 through the air introduction path 8, and is used for the power generation reaction in the cell stack 9 and the combustion in the combustion unit 10. In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 8, it integrates with the corrugated plates 34a-34f, the partition member 35, etc. which comprise the E layer 17E, and has provided the partition plate below it. And this partition plate becomes a member which separates E layer 17D and F layer 17F below it. As a result, the heat held by the F layer 17F (the layer through which the exhaust gas flows) provided below the E layer 17E is transmitted to the upper E layer 17E via the partition plate. That is, heat exchange between the relatively high temperature exhaust gas flowing through the F layer 17F and the relatively low temperature air flowing through the E layer 17E is favorably performed by the partition plate as the heat conducting member.

  Although not described in detail, the configurations of the F layer 17F and H layer 17H through which exhaust gas flows are the same as the D layer 17D, and the configuration of the G layer 17G through which air flows is the same as the E layer 17E. Similarly to the above, a partition plate is provided between each of the D layers 17D to HH. In the example shown in FIG. 8, it integrates with the corrugated plate, the partition member, etc. which comprise each layer, and the partition plate is drawn under it. By providing the partition plate between the layers, as described above, heat exchange between the layers through the partition plate, that is, between the relatively high temperature exhaust gas and the relatively low temperature air. Heat exchange will be performed satisfactorily.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the air (oxygen) heated by the heating device 2 is heated from the fuel cell housing 1 in the air introduction path 8 through which the air heated by the E layer 17E and the G layer 17G flows. It is configured to be introduced into the fuel cell housing 1 while receiving the transmission. Specifically, the air introduction path 8 is formed in a space between the heating device 2 and the outer case 4 and a space between the fuel cell housing 1 and the outer case 4. In particular, since the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas is transmitted to the side wall 1b and the upper wall 1c constituting the outermost shell of the fuel cell housing 1, the air flowing through the air introduction path 8 is connected to the side wall 1b and the upper wall 1c. By contacting, the air heated by the heating device 2 is further heated.

  As described above, in the solid oxide fuel cell FC of the present embodiment, the reformer 3 is heated using the first heating unit 2A that heats the raw fuel gas supplied to the reformer 3 and the heat of the exhaust gas. A heating device 2 having a vaporization unit 16 that vaporizes water to be supplied is provided outside the fuel cell housing 1. That is, the heat inside the fuel cell housing 1 is not consumed greatly for heating the raw fuel gas, and is not consumed greatly for water vaporization. As a result, even when the fuel utilization rate is high (that is, even when the combustion heat is relatively lowered due to the small amount of the fuel gas component contained in the off-gas discharged from the cell stack 9). ), The temperature inside the fuel cell housing 1 can be kept stable and high, and the power generation performance of the solid oxide fuel cell FC can be maintained.

In addition, the heating device 2 includes auxiliary heating means 41 that can heat the vaporization unit 16 and the catalytic combustion unit 36 simultaneously. That is, in the vaporization part 16, since the water supplied to the reformer 3 can be vaporized using the heat supplied from the auxiliary heating means 41 in addition to the heat of the exhaust gas, it is necessary in the vaporization part 16. A sufficient amount of water vapor can be generated stably. Moreover, in the catalyst combustion part 36, even if the temperature of the exhaust gas supplied is low, since it heats up using the heat supplied from the auxiliary heating means 41, sufficient catalyst activity can be exhibited. As a result, unburned gas (for example, CO, H _2, etc.) contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell housing 1 can be prevented from flowing out of the solid oxide fuel cell FC.
Further, in the prior art, vaporization portions are provided both inside and outside of the fuel cell housing 1 and these vaporization portions are switched and used. However, in this feature configuration, the vaporization portion 16 is provided on the fuel cell housing 1. Since it should just be provided outside, there exists an advantage that an apparatus structure can be simplified.

<Another embodiment>
<1>
In the above embodiment, the configuration of the solid oxide fuel cell FC has been described with a specific example, but the configuration can be changed as appropriate.
For example, in FIG. 8 of the above embodiment, three layers (D layer 17D, F layer 17F, H layer 17H) through which exhaust gas flows are provided, and two layers (E layers 17E, G) through which air flows are provided therebetween. Although the example of the five-layer structure provided by the layer 17G) is shown, the structure may be changed to a structure other than the five-layer structure.
In addition, as an internal structure of the fuel cell housing 1, an example in which exhaust gas is allowed to flow in a space between the side wall 1b and the lower wall 1e outside the internal partition wall 1a has been described. It can be changed as appropriate.

<2>
In the above embodiment, the example in which the second heat conducting member 43 is provided as a part of the auxiliary heating unit 41 has been described, but the second heat conducting member 43 may not be provided. That is, the auxiliary heating means 41 may be configured by the cartridge heater 41c and the first heat conducting member 41a in which the cartridge heater 41c is built.

<3>
In the above embodiment, an example in which the shape of the fuel cell housing 1 in plan view and the shape of the heating device 2 in plan view are substantially the same, that is, the heating device 2 is one of the fuel cell housings 1. Although the example provided in the state facing the whole lower wall 1e which is one outer surface has been described, the shapes of the fuel cell housing 1 and the heating device 2 in plan view may be different from each other. For example, the shape of the heating device 2 in plan view may be larger or smaller than the shape of the fuel cell housing 1 in plan view.

<4>
There is no particular limitation on the mixing location of raw fuel gas (such as CH ₄ ) and water (H ₂ O) supplied to the reformer 3. For example, FIG. 1 illustrates a method in which raw fuel gas (for example, CH ₄ or the like) and water (H ₂ O) are separately introduced into the reformer 3, and FIGS. Although the method of introducing the fuel gas and water into the reformer 3 in a mixed state has been described, any method may be adopted in the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention.

  The present invention is a solid oxide fuel cell capable of achieving stable performance from the initial stage of startup while achieving a high fuel utilization rate without complicating the configuration of the device and without increasing the cost of the device. Available to:

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fuel cell housing 2 Heating apparatus 2A 1st heating part 2B 2nd heating part 3 Reformer 9 Cell stack 10 Combustion part 14 Fuel cell 16 Vaporization part 18 1st heating space 36 Catalytic combustion part 41 Auxiliary heating means 41a 1st Thermal conduction member (thermal conduction member)
41c cartridge heater 43 second heat conducting member FC solid oxide fuel cell

Claims (7)

A reformer that generates a fuel gas by steam reforming a hydrocarbon-based raw fuel gas, and a plurality of fuel cells that generate power by oxidation and reduction of the fuel gas and oxidant generated in the reformer A cell stack having a cell, and a combustion section for burning off-gas from the cell stack inside the fuel cell housing;
A first heating unit that heats the raw fuel gas supplied to the reformer using heat of exhaust gas discharged from the inside of the fuel cell housing to the outside, and the reforming using heat of the exhaust gas A vaporization section for vaporizing water to be supplied to the vessel, a catalyst combustion section for burning and removing unburned gas remaining in the exhaust gas, and an auxiliary heating means capable of heating the vaporization section and the catalyst combustion section simultaneously. A heating device having the outside of the fuel cell housing ,
The auxiliary heating means is configured in a form having a spread in a planar shape,
The solid oxide fuel cell , wherein the catalytic combustion section is disposed adjacent to the vaporization section in substantially the same plane facing the auxiliary heating means . The catalytic combustion unit includes a first catalytic combustion unit and a second catalytic combustion unit,
  2. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the first catalytic combustion section and the second catalytic combustion section are disposed on both sides of the vaporization section. 3. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary heating unit includes a cartridge heater as a heat source and a plate-like heat conduction member in which the cartridge heater is built. The auxiliary heating means includes a cartridge heater as a heat source, a plate-like first heat conduction member in which the cartridge heater is built, and a plate-like second heat conduction member in contact with the first heat conduction member. Item 3. The solid oxide fuel cell according to Item 1 or 2 . The heating device uses heat of the exhaust gas after being used for heating the raw fuel gas in the first heating unit and after being used for vaporizing the water in the vaporization unit. The solid oxide fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising a second heating unit that heats an oxidant supplied to the fuel cell. The heating device is configured integrally with the fuel cell housing in a state opposed to one outer surface of the fuel cell housing to which heat inside the fuel cell housing is transmitted,
6. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 5 , wherein the first heating unit and the vaporizing unit are disposed closer to the fuel cell housing than the second heating unit. The first heating unit has a first heating space that spreads in a planar shape,
The raw fuel gas flows in a direction along a surface formed in the first heating space,
At least a portion of the first heating space functions as the vaporization unit that is supplied with water to be supplied to the reformer and vaporizes the water,
The solid oxide fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein a mixed gas of the raw fuel gas and water vapor supplied to the reformer is generated in the first heating unit.

Images