JP6310808B2 - Reduction gear and reduction gear manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reduction gear and a method of manufacturing the reduction gear.

  The following Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose a motor with a speed reducer (actuator, motor with a speed reducer) provided with a speed reducer (speed reducer) that reduces the rotational speed of the motor at a predetermined speed reduction ratio. A reduction gear for a motor with a reduction gear described in Patent Document 1 includes a worm fixed to a rotating shaft of a motor, a wheel meshing with the worm, a first wheel that is arranged coaxially with the wheel and rotates integrally with the wheel. The gear includes a second gear that is fixed to the output shaft and meshes with the first gear. A reduction gear for a motor with a reduction gear described in Patent Document 2 is fixed to a worm shaft connected to a rotation shaft (motor shaft) of the motor, a large-diameter gear of a worm wheel meshing with the worm shaft, and an output shaft. And an output wheel that meshes with the small-diameter gear of the worm wheel.

JP 2012-149609 A JP 2013-29150 A

  By the way, it is conceivable to apply grease to reduce friction caused by meshing of one gear (gear) constituting a part of the reduction gear with another gear, or to suppress wear. In this case, it is conceivable that the amount of grease around one gear is reduced by the grease attached to one gear moving to the other gear. Moreover, in order to suppress that the grease of the periphery of one gear moves to the periphery of another gear, it is possible to provide an outer wall along the outer peripheral part of a gear (refer patent document 2). However, if this configuration is adopted, depending on the layout of one gear and another gear (the distance between the shaft of one gear and another gear, the outer diameter of one gear and the other gear, etc.) It is conceivable that the bearing that supports the rotating shaft cannot be easily assembled to the case.

  In consideration of the above-mentioned fact, the present invention has a first object of obtaining a reduction gear that can suppress the grease around one gear from moving around the other gear, and supports the rotating shaft. It is a second object of the present invention to obtain a speed reducer and a method of manufacturing the speed reducer that can easily assemble a bearing to a case.

  The speed reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the first large-diameter gear, the first shaft to which the first small-diameter gear having a smaller diameter than the first large-diameter gear is fixed, and the second gear meshing with the first small-diameter gear. The second shaft to which the first shaft is fixed and the end of the second shaft on the first large-diameter gear side with respect to the second gear are pivotally supported, and the radially outer end of the second shaft is viewed in the axial direction. A bearing arranged to overlap with one large-diameter gear, the first large-diameter gear, the first small-diameter gear, the first shaft, the second gear, and the second shaft; A bearing fixing portion to which the bearing is fixed, and a facing portion disposed at the same position in the axial direction as the first large-diameter gear, and a clearance in an axis orthogonal direction between the second shaft and the facing portion is provided. The clearer in the direction perpendicular to the axis between the second shaft and the bearing fixing portion And it includes a case which is set to be narrow, the than the nest.

  According to the reduction gear device of the first aspect, the first small-diameter gear rotates together with the first large-diameter gear and the first shaft by rotating the first large-diameter gear fixed to the first shaft. Further, since the first small diameter gear meshes with the second gear, when the first small diameter gear rotates, the second gear rotates together with the second shaft. That is, the rotation of the first shaft is decelerated at a predetermined reduction ratio and transmitted to the second shaft.

  Here, in the present speed reducer, the radially outer end of the bearing that pivotally supports the second shaft is disposed so as to overlap the first large-diameter gear as viewed in the axial direction. In this configuration, by making the clearance between the second shaft and the facing portion wider than the clearance between the second shaft and the bearing fixing portion, the bearing can be easily fixed to the bearing fixing portion from the inside of the case. However, in this case, the grease attached to the first large-diameter gear easily moves between the facing portion and the second shaft. However, in the present speed reduction device, the clearance between the second shaft and the facing portion is set to be narrower than the clearance between the second shaft and the bearing fixing portion, so that the grease attached to the first large-diameter gear is opposed to the facing portion. And the second shaft can be made difficult to move. That is, in this reduction gear, it is possible to suppress the grease around the first large-diameter gear from moving around the second gear.

  The speed reducer according to a second aspect is the speed reducer according to the first aspect, wherein the facing portion is a rib extending along an outer peripheral portion of the first large-diameter gear.

  According to the speed reducer of the second aspect, since the clearance between the rib formed on the case and the second shaft is narrowed, the grease around the first large-diameter gear is placed around the second gear. It can suppress moving.

  The speed reducer according to claim 3 is the speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the case includes a case body having the bearing fixing portion and a case component attached to the case body. The case component is the facing portion.

  According to the reduction gear device of the third aspect, since the clearance between the second shaft side surface of the case component and the second shaft is narrowed, the grease around the first large-diameter gear is the second. Moving to the periphery of the gear can be suppressed. In addition, since the case has a separate structure composed of a case main body having a bearing fixing portion to which the bearing is fixed and a case component, the fixing of the bearing is hindered by the case component when the bearing is fixed to the case main body. I can't. Thereby, the assembly | attachment to the case main body of a bearing can be performed easily.

  The speed reducer according to a fourth aspect is the speed reducer according to the first or second aspect, wherein the bearing fixing portion is formed in a cylindrical shape opened to the outside of the case.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speed reducer manufacturing method in which a first shaft having a first large-diameter gear and a first small-diameter gear having a smaller diameter than the first large-diameter gear fixed to the first small-diameter gear. A second shaft to which the second gear is fixed, and an end portion on the first large-diameter gear side of the second shaft with respect to the second gear are pivotally supported, and a radially outer end portion is viewed in the axial direction. And the first large-diameter gear, the first small-diameter gear, the first shaft, the second gear, and the second shaft are accommodated. And a bearing fixing portion to which the bearing is fixed, and a facing portion disposed at the same position in the axial direction as the first large-diameter gear, and an axis orthogonal direction between the second shaft and the facing portion. The clearance between the second shaft and the bearing fixing portion is perpendicular to the axis. A case set narrower than the clearance, and the opposing portion is a rib extending along the outer peripheral portion of the first large-diameter gear, and the bearing fixing portion is opened to the outside of the case. The present invention is applied to a method of manufacturing a reduction gear formed in a cylindrical shape, and undergoes a bearing press-fitting step of press-fitting the bearing into the bearing fixing portion from the outside of the case.

  According to the speed reducer described in claim 4 and the method for manufacturing the speed reducer described in claim 5, the bearing can be easily assembled (press-fit) from the outside of the case. That is, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the assembling property of the bearing due to the facing portion (rib).

  The speed reducer manufacturing method according to claim 6 is engaged with the first large diameter gear and the first shaft to which the first small diameter gear having a smaller diameter than the first large diameter gear is fixed, and the first small diameter gear. A second shaft to which the second gear is fixed, and an end portion on the first large-diameter gear side of the second shaft with respect to the second gear are pivotally supported, and a radially outer end portion is viewed in the axial direction. And the first large-diameter gear, the first small-diameter gear, the first shaft, the second gear, and the second shaft are accommodated. And a bearing fixing portion to which the bearing is fixed, and a facing portion disposed at the same position in the axial direction as the first large-diameter gear, and an axis orthogonal direction between the second shaft and the facing portion. The clearance between the second shaft and the bearing fixing portion is perpendicular to the axis. A case set narrower than the clearance, and the case includes a case main body having the bearing fixing portion and a case component attached to the case main body. A bearing press-fitting step for press-fitting the bearing into the bearing fixing portion, and a case component attaching step for attaching the case component to the case body; Go through.

  According to the method for manufacturing a reduction gear device according to claim 6, when the bearing is fixed to the case body, the bearing is fixed to the case component by adopting a process sequence in which the case component attachment process is performed after the bearing press-fitting process. Not disturbed by. Thereby, the assembly | attachment to the case of a bearing can be performed easily.

It is a top view which shows the reduction gear device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a sectional side view which shows the cross section of the speed reducer cut | disconnected along 2-2 line shown by FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the case of the reduction gear device shown by FIG. It is a top view which shows the reduction gear device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a sectional side view which shows the cross section of the speed reducer cut | disconnected along 5-5 line shown by FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a case of the speed reducer shown in FIG. 4. It is a top view corresponding to Drawing 1 showing a reduction gear concerning a modification. It is a top view corresponding to Drawing 4 showing a reduction gear concerning a modification.

(Decelerator 10 according to the first embodiment)
A reduction gear according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the speed reduction device 10 of the present embodiment is for reducing the rotation of the rotating shaft 14 of the motor 12 at a predetermined speed reduction ratio and transmitting it to the final shaft 20 as the second shaft. Is. The speed reducer 10 includes a primary gear 16 fixed to a rotating shaft 14 of a motor 12, a counter shaft 18 and a final shaft 20 as first shafts arranged in parallel to the rotating shaft 14 of the motor 12, and a counter shaft 18. A large diameter counter gear 22 as a first large diameter gear and a small diameter counter gear 24 as a first small diameter gear; a final gear 26 as a second gear fixed to the final shaft 20; And a case 28 that forms an outer shell. In the figure, the direction indicated by the arrow Z1 indicates one side of the rotational axis 14, the counter shaft 18 and the final shaft 20 of the motor 12, and the direction indicated by the arrow Z2 indicates the rotational axis of the motor 12. 14, the other axial side of the counter shaft 18 and the final shaft 20 is shown. In addition, hereinafter, in the case of simply indicating directions on one side and the other side in the axial direction, the directions indicate one side and the other side in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 14, the counter shaft 18, and the final shaft 20 of the motor 12.

  The primary gear 16 is formed in a cylindrical shape using a resin material or the like, and spur teeth 16 </ b> A are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the primary gear 16 along the circumferential direction. The primary gear 16 is fixed to an intermediate portion in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 14 of the motor 12, and the other axial end of the rotating shaft 14 of the motor 12 is a bearing fixed to the case 28. The bearing 30 is pivotally supported.

  The countershaft 18 is formed in a rod shape using a steel material or the like. The other end of the counter shaft 18 in the axial direction is pivotally supported by a bearing 30 fixed to the case 28, and the other end of the counter shaft 18 in the axial direction is fixed to a cover (not shown). It is pivotally supported by the bearing.

  The large-diameter counter gear 22 is formed in a disc shape using a resin material or the like. Flat teeth 22A that mesh with the flat teeth 16A of the primary gear 16 are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the large-diameter counter gear 22. Yes.

  The small-diameter counter gear 24 is formed in a disk shape having a smaller diameter than the large-diameter counter gear 22, and a flat tooth 24 </ b> A is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the small-diameter counter gear 24 along the circumferential direction. . The small-diameter counter gear 24 is disposed on one axial side with respect to the large-diameter counter gear 22, and the small-diameter counter gear 24 and the large-diameter counter gear 22 are disposed adjacent to each other in the axial direction. . In the present embodiment, the small-diameter counter gear 24 and the large-diameter counter gear 22 are separate structures, but the small-diameter counter gear 24 and the large-diameter counter gear 22 may be integrated.

  The final shaft 20 is formed in a rod shape using a steel material or the like, like the counter shaft 18. The other axial end of the final shaft 20 is pivotally supported by a bearing 30 fixed to the case 28, and the other axial end of the final shaft 20 is pivoted to a bearing fixed to a cover (not shown). It is supported. Further, the end portion on the other axial side of the final shaft 20 is a connecting portion with a member to which the power of the motor 12 is transmitted.

  The final gear 26 is formed in a disk shape using a resin material or the like, and a flat tooth 26 </ b> A that meshes with the flat tooth 24 </ b> A of the small diameter counter gear 24 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the final gear 26.

  Next, the configuration of the case 28 that is a main part of the present embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the case 28 is formed in a rectangular block shape using a resin material or the like. The case 28 is formed by rotating the rotating shaft 14 of the motor 12, the primary gear 16, and the motor 12. A first housing portion 32 that houses a bearing 30 that supports the shaft 14, and a second housing that houses the countershaft 18, the large diameter counter gear 22, the small diameter counter gear 24, and the bearing 30 that supports the countershaft 18. And a third housing portion 36 in which the final shaft 20, the final gear 26, and the bearing 30 that pivotally supports the final shaft 20 are housed.

  A first bearing fixing portion 38 to which the bearing 30 is fixed is formed at the end on the other axial side of the first housing portion 32. The first bearing fixing portion 38 is open on one side in the axial direction, so that the bearing 30 can be press-fitted into the first bearing fixing portion 38 from one side in the axial direction (from the inside of the case 28). ing. Moreover, the hollow part 40 by which the primary gear 16 is arrange | positioned inside is formed in the 1st accommodating part 32, and the countershaft 18 side of the hollow part 40 is open | released.

  A second bearing fixing portion 42 to which the bearing 30 is fixed is formed at the end portion on the other axial side of the second housing portion 34. The second bearing fixing portion 42 is open on one side in the axial direction, and thus the bearing 30 can be press-fitted into the second bearing fixing portion 42 from one side in the axial direction (from the inside of the case 28). ing. The second housing portion 34 is formed with a housing recess 44 in which the large diameter counter gear 22 and the small diameter counter gear 24 are disposed. A part of the final gear 26 is arranged in the housing recess 44.

  A third bearing fixing portion 46 as a bearing fixing portion to which the bearing 30 is fixed is formed at the other axial end of the third housing portion 36. The third bearing fixing portion 46 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is open on the other side in the axial direction, so that the bearing 30 is press-fitted into the third bearing fixing portion 46 from the other side in the axial direction (from the outside of the case 28). It is possible to do. Further, the third bearing fixing portion 46 and the receiving recess 44 of the second receiving portion 34 overlap in the axial direction, and thereby, the outer side in the radial direction of the bearing 30 fixed to the third bearing fixing portion 46. The end portion is arranged so as to overlap the large-diameter counter gear 22 when viewed in the axial direction.

  In addition, the third housing portion 36 is formed with a pair of ribs 48 as opposing portions extending along the outer peripheral portion of the large-diameter counter gear 22. The clearance in the direction perpendicular to the axis between the ends of the pair of ribs 48 and the final shaft 20 is set to be narrower than the clearance in the direction perpendicular to the axis between the final shaft 20 and the third bearing fixing portion 46.

  In the case 28 described above, the bearing 30 can be easily press-fitted into the third bearing fixing portion 46 by performing a bearing press-fitting process in which the bearing 30 is press-fitted into the third bearing fixing portion 46 from the outside of the case 28. It has become. In other words, the press-fitting of the bearing 30 into the third bearing fixing portion 46 is not hindered by the pair of ribs 48.

  In the present embodiment, grease (lithium grease) is used for each gear (primary gear 16, large diameter counter gear 22, small diameter counter gear 24, and final gear 26) in order to reduce friction and wear between the gears. Has been applied.

(Operation and effect of this embodiment)
Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, according to the reduction gear device 10 of the present embodiment, when the rotating shaft 14 of the motor 12 rotates, the primary gear 16 rotates together with the rotating shaft 14. The rotation of the rotary shaft 14 is transmitted to the counter shaft 18 via the primary gear 16 and the large diameter counter gear 22, whereby the small diameter counter gear 24 rotates together with the counter shaft 18. The rotation of the counter shaft 18 is transmitted to the final shaft 20 via the small diameter counter gear 24 and the final shaft 20.

  Here, in the present speed reduction device 10, the radially outer end of the bearing 30 that supports the final shaft 20 is disposed so as to overlap the large-diameter counter gear 22 as viewed in the axial direction. In this configuration, the clearance between the final shaft 20 and the portion located in the same position in the axial direction as the large-diameter counter gear 22 in the case 28 (the third housing portion 36) is set to the final shaft 20 and the third bearing fixing portion 46. The bearing 30 can be easily fixed to the third bearing fixing portion 46 from the inside of the case 28.

  However, in this case, the grease adhering to the large-diameter counter gear 22 is between the final shaft 20 and the portion located in the same position in the axial direction as the large-diameter counter gear 22 in the case 28 (third housing portion 36). It becomes easy to move to.

  However, in the present speed reduction device 10, the clearance between the tip of the pair of ribs 48 and the final shaft 20 is set to be narrower than the clearance between the final shaft 20 and the third bearing fixing portion 46. It is possible to make it difficult for the grease attached to 22 to move to the above position. That is, in the present speed reduction device 10, it is possible to suppress the grease around the large-diameter counter gear 22 from moving to the periphery of the final gear 26.

  In the present embodiment, an example is described in which the clearance between the tip of the pair of ribs 48 and the final shaft 20 is reduced to prevent the grease around the large-diameter counter gear 22 from moving around the final gear 26. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the surface 50 on the final shaft 20 side and the final shaft 20 of the part located in the same position in the axial direction as the large-diameter counter gear 22 in the case 28 (third housing portion 36). By narrowing the clearance, it is possible to prevent the grease around the large-diameter counter gear 22 from moving around the final gear 26.

(Decelerator 52 according to the second embodiment)
Next, a reduction gear device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, about the part which has the same member and the same function as the said 1st Embodiment, the code | symbol same as the said embodiment is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, in the speed reduction device 52 of the present embodiment, a case main body having a first bearing fixing portion 38 into which the bearing 30 is press-fitted, a second bearing fixing portion 42, and a third bearing fixing portion 46. The case 28 is configured to include 54 and a case component attached to the case main body 54 and a rib part 56 as an opposing portion.

  Further, in the present embodiment, one axial direction side of the third bearing fixing portion 46 provided in the case main body 54 is opened, so that the bearing 30 is connected to the third bearing fixing portion 46 from one axial direction (case). It is possible to press fit (from inside 28).

  Further, a portion of the case main body 54 (third accommodating portion 36) located at the same position in the axial direction as the large-diameter counter gear 22 is a rib component fixing portion 58 to which the rib component 56 is fixed. The inner diameter of the rib component fixing portion 58 is the same as the inner diameter of the third bearing fixing portion 46.

  The rib component 56 includes an annular portion 56A that is fixed to the rib component fixing portion 58 and that is formed in a C shape when viewed in the axial direction, and a pair of rib portions 56B that extend from the annular portion 56A. And in the state in which the rib component 56 was attached to the case main body 54, the rib part 56B of the said rib component 56 has a function same as the rib 48 of the said 1st Embodiment.

  In the present embodiment described above, the clearance between the rib portion 56B of the rib component 56 and the final shaft 20 is narrowed, so that the grease around the large-diameter counter gear 22 moves to the periphery of the final gear 26. This can be suppressed.

  Further, in the present embodiment, after the bearing press-fitting step of press-fitting the bearing 30 into the third bearing fixing portion 46, the bearing 30 is moved to the third by passing through the case component mounting step of mounting the rib component 56 to the case body 54. When press-fitting into the bearing fixing portion 46, press-fitting of the bearing 30 is not hindered by the rib parts 56. Thereby, the assembly | attachment to the case main body 54 of the bearing 30 can be performed easily.

  In this embodiment, the example in which the rib component 56 having the rib portion 56B corresponding to the rib 48 of the first embodiment is attached to the case main body 54 is described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a spacer 60 as a case component in which the clearance between almost the entire surface 50 on the final shaft 20 side and the final shaft 20 is narrowed can be attached to the case body 54.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above, and various modifications other than the above can be implemented without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Of course.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Reduction gear, 18 ... Counter shaft (1st shaft), 20 ... Final shaft (2nd shaft), 22 ... Large diameter counter gear (1st large diameter gear), 24 ... Small diameter counter gear (1st small diameter gear) , 26 ... final gear (second gear), 28 ... case, 30 ... bearing (bearing), 46 ... third bearing fixing part (bearing fixing part), 48 ... rib (opposing part), 52 ... reduction gear, 54 ... Case body 56 ... Rib parts (case components, facing part), 60 ... Spacers (case constituent parts, facing part)

Claims (6)

A first shaft to which a first large-diameter gear and a first small-diameter gear having a smaller diameter than the first large-diameter gear are fixed;
A second shaft to which a second gear meshing with the first small-diameter gear is fixed;
The end portion of the second shaft on the first large-diameter gear side is pivotally supported with respect to the second gear, and the radially outer end portion overlaps the first large-diameter gear as viewed in the axial direction. Arranged bearings,
The first large-diameter gear, the first small-diameter gear, the first shaft, the second gear, and the second shaft are accommodated, and a bearing fixing portion to which the bearing is fixed, and the first large-diameter A gear and a facing portion disposed at the same position in the axial direction, and a clearance in a direction perpendicular to the axis between the second shaft and the facing portion is a direction perpendicular to the axis between the second shaft and the bearing fixing portion. A case set narrower than the clearance of
Reducer with   The reduction gear according to claim 1, wherein the facing portion is a rib extending along an outer peripheral portion of the first large-diameter gear.   The said case is comprised including the case main body which has the said bearing fixing | fixed part, and the case component attached to the said case main body, The said case component is the said opposing part. Speed reducer.   The speed reducer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bearing fixing portion is formed in a cylindrical shape opened to the outside of the case. A first shaft to which a first large-diameter gear and a first small-diameter gear having a smaller diameter than the first large-diameter gear are fixed;
A second shaft to which a second gear meshing with the first small-diameter gear is fixed;
In the second shaft, the end portion on the first large-diameter gear side is pivotally supported with respect to the second gear, and the radially outer end portion overlaps the first large-diameter gear as viewed in the axial direction. Arranged bearings,
The first large-diameter gear, the first small-diameter gear, the first shaft, the second gear, and the second shaft are accommodated, and a bearing fixing portion to which the bearing is fixed, and the first large-diameter A gear and a facing portion disposed at the same position in the axial direction, and a clearance in a direction perpendicular to the axis between the second shaft and the facing portion is a direction perpendicular to the axis between the second shaft and the bearing fixing portion. A case set narrower than the clearance of
With
The opposing portion is a rib extending along the outer peripheral portion of the first large-diameter gear,
The bearing fixing portion is applied to a method of manufacturing a reduction gear that is formed in a cylindrical shape that is open to the outside of the case,
A method of manufacturing a reduction gear, which undergoes a bearing press-fitting step of press-fitting the bearing into the bearing fixing portion from the outside of the case. A first shaft to which a first large-diameter gear and a first small-diameter gear having a smaller diameter than the first large-diameter gear are fixed;
A second shaft to which a second gear meshing with the first small-diameter gear is fixed;
In the second shaft, the end portion on the first large-diameter gear side is pivotally supported with respect to the second gear, and the radially outer end portion overlaps the first large-diameter gear as viewed in the axial direction. Arranged bearings,
The first large-diameter gear, the first small-diameter gear, the first shaft, the second gear, and the second shaft are accommodated, and a bearing fixing portion to which the bearing is fixed, and the first large-diameter A gear and a facing portion disposed at the same position in the axial direction, and a clearance in a direction perpendicular to the axis between the second shaft and the facing portion is a direction perpendicular to the axis between the second shaft and the bearing fixing portion. A case set narrower than the clearance of
With
The case is configured to include a case main body having the bearing fixing portion and a case component attached to the case main body, and the case component is manufactured as a facing portion. Applied to the method,
A bearing press-fitting step of press-fitting the bearing into the bearing fixing portion;
A case component mounting step for mounting the case component on the case body;
The manufacturing method of the reduction gear which passes through.

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