JP6304206B2 - Welding method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a welding method and apparatus for positioning and welding parts to a main body.

  Generally, in welding a part to a main body, it is required to position and weld the part to the main body as designed. Patent Document 1 describes that in the arc welding of a stud bolt, the height of the stud bolt welded to the member to be welded is obtained. It holds the stud bolt on the holder of the welding gun and positions it on the member to be welded, and moves the stud bolt by the servo motor to perform welding. After welding, the height of the stud bolt is determined based on the amount of movement of the stud bolt by the servo motor. This is to calculate the thickness.

JP 2003-326363 A

  By the way, in order to weld the part to the planned position with a predetermined posture with respect to the main body with high accuracy, the part is positioned with respect to the main body while measuring the position coordinates of the part using a measuring instrument. It is preferable to weld. However, in that case, positioning errors may occur due to measurement errors. Even if the parts can be accurately positioned on the main body in advance, the main body and the parts may be distorted by welding heat, or the parts may be misaligned during welding, and the parts may not be welded as planned. . Therefore, it is required to check whether or not the parts are welded as scheduled, but even in that case, the problem of measurement error remains.

  Therefore, the present invention has an object to accurately position whether or not a part is welded at a predetermined position and posture while accurately positioning the part with respect to the body in welding the part to the body. To do.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention sets a measuring machine on a main body, and in that state, measures the position coordinates of the part relative to the main body, positions, welds the parts, and measures the position coordinates of the parts after welding. I did it.

The method of positioning and welding a part to the main body disclosed here is:
Set a measuring machine to measure the position coordinates of the parts on the main body,
Based on the measurement result by the measuring machine, positioning the component with respect to the main body,
In a state where the measuring instrument is set on the main body, the parts that have been positioned with respect to the main body are welded,
After the welding, the position coordinates of the parts are measured for confirmation by the measuring instrument set on the main body.

In addition, an apparatus for positioning and welding parts to the main body disclosed herein is:
Holding means for holding the component on the body;
A measuring instrument that is set on the main body and measures the position coordinates of the component relative to the main body;
A welding machine for welding the parts held by the holding means to the main body in a state where the measuring machine is set on the main body;
In order to position the component with respect to the main body in the holding of the component by the holding means, the measuring machine is operated to acquire the position coordinates of the component, and the position of the component after the welding is checked to confirm the position. And a measuring instrument control means for operating the measuring instrument to acquire the position coordinates of the component.

  According to the welding method and apparatus described above, since the position coordinates of the component are measured in a state where the measuring machine is set on the main body, the position coordinates of the component can be obtained with reference to the main body. Therefore, it becomes possible to accurately position the component with respect to the main body. In addition, since the parts are welded and the position coordinates of the parts after welding are checked with the measuring instrument set on the main body, the position and orientation of the welded parts can be accurately detected with reference to the main body. . In particular, since the measuring instrument is not detached before and after welding, there is no need to readjust the position of the measuring instrument with respect to the main body, for example, when the measuring instrument is set again after welding, and there is a problem of misalignment of the measuring instrument. Absent. In other words, it is possible to detect the position coordinates of the parts after welding on the same basis as the above positioning without re-adjusting the measuring instrument, which facilitates the detection and is advantageous in ensuring detection accuracy. become.

  In addition, as described above, since the measuring machine is not attached or detached before and after welding, a series of operations such as measurement and positioning of component position coordinates, welding of components, and confirmation measurement of position coordinates of components after welding are completed in a short time. can do.

  In a preferred embodiment of the method and apparatus, the main body is a conductive surface plate on which a member to be welded is mounted, and the component is welded to the member to be welded by an electric welder, and the measuring instrument is An electric measuring machine, wherein the electric welding machine is grounded on the surface plate, and an electrical insulator is placed on the surface plate to prevent leakage from the surface plate to the electric measuring device. Set through.

  In the case of using an electric welder and an electrical measuring machine in this way, if the grounding of the electric welding machine is taken on the surface plate, the electrical measuring device malfunctions due to electric leakage (split) from the surface plate to the electrical measuring device. It will cause failure. Therefore, in this embodiment, the electrical measuring device is set on the surface plate via an electrical insulator in order to prevent leakage from the surface plate to the electrical measuring device. Thereby, also in the said case, components can be welded in the state which set the electrical measuring machine to the main body.

  In a preferred embodiment of the case, a plurality of the welded members are mounted on the surface plate, and parts are welded to the welded members. Even in cases where there are a plurality of welding points, it is easy and quick to measure and measure the position coordinates of parts, welding, and confirmation of position coordinates after welding without causing malfunction or failure of the electrical measuring instrument. Moreover, it can be performed with high accuracy.

  In a preferred embodiment in the above case, the electrical measuring instrument is a three-dimensional coordinate measuring instrument. As a result, the position and orientation of the component can be detected with high accuracy.

  In a preferred embodiment in the above case, the component is a jig for receiving a workpiece on the surface plate. For example, in the case where it is necessary to repeatedly change the setting of a jig such as trial manufacture of a product, the above method and apparatus are useful because the setting of the jig can be accurately changed in a short time.

  In a preferred embodiment of the above case, the electrical insulator is made of synthetic resin and is interposed between the base of the electrical measuring instrument and the surface plate or a base fixed to the surface plate. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent leakage from the surface plate to the electrical measuring instrument, and unlike rubber, etc., it is easy to ensure the dimensional stability of the electrical insulator, and the measurement accuracy of the position coordinates can be improved. It becomes advantageous for improvement.

  According to the present invention, in a state where a measuring instrument for measuring the position coordinates of a part is set in the main body, the positioning of the part based on the measurement result by the measuring machine, the welding of the part to the main body, and the position coordinates of the part after welding Since the confirmation measurement is performed, the parts can be positioned with high accuracy with respect to the main body, the position coordinates of the parts after welding can be confirmed and measured with high accuracy, and there is no need to attach or detach the measuring instrument. Therefore, a series of operations such as position coordinate measurement / positioning of parts, welding, and confirmation measurement of position coordinates after welding can be simply completed in a short time.

The perspective view which shows the state by which the measuring device was set to the surface plate which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows a mode that the position coordinate of the jig | tool which concerns on the embodiment is measured. The perspective view which shows a mode that the position of the jig | tool which concerns on the embodiment is corrected. The perspective view which shows a mode that the jig | tool which concerns on the embodiment is welded to a bracket. The perspective view which looked at the electrical insulator which concerns on the same embodiment from the top. The perspective view which looked at the same electrical insulator from the bottom. The front view which shows the state which installed the measuring device of the embodiment on the base via the electrical insulator.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following description of the preferred embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the invention, its application, or its use.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment is a case in which a jig 3 for receiving a workpiece for product trial production (not shown) is provided by welding on a scale 2 on a conductive welding surface plate 1. A height adjusting plate 4 that determines the basic height of the jig 3 is attached to the scale 2, and the jig 3 is fixed to a bracket 5 provided on the height adjusting plate 4 by welding.

  In this embodiment, the surface plate 1, the scale 2, the height adjusting plate 4 and the bracket 5 constitute a main body, and the jig 3 constitutes a part. The scale 2, the height adjusting plate 4 and the bracket 5 constitute a member to be welded for welding the jig 3 as a part. The workpiece is, for example, a vehicle body panel of an automobile, and is received by the receiving surface 3a of the jig 3 for processing such as welding. In order to support the workpiece on the surface plate 1, a plurality of scales 2 are fixed to the surface plate 1, and a jig 3 is welded to the bracket 5 of each scale 2.

<Welding equipment>
The welding apparatus according to the present embodiment is for positioning and welding the jig 3 to the bracket 5 on the surface plate 1, and the position coordinates of the jig 3 with reference to a predetermined part of the surface plate 1 shown in FIG. , A measuring instrument control means (computer with display) 7 for controlling the operation of the measuring instrument 6, a holding means 8 shown in FIG. And a welding machine 9.

  The measuring device 6 is a three-dimensional coordinate measuring device (orthogonal coordinate measuring system using the touch probe 11) that electrically measures the position coordinates of the jig 3, and is electrically connected to a conductive pedestal 12 fixed to the surface plate 1. It is installed via an insulator 13.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the holding means 8 employs a giant clam vise, and holds the jig 3 on the bracket 5 by sandwiching the jig 3 and the bracket 5 with the giant clam vise. In this holding, the measuring instrument 6 is actuated by the measuring instrument control means 7, and the position coordinates of the part are acquired by applying the probe 11 to a plurality of predetermined parts of the jig 3. The position and orientation of the jig 3 can be determined by measuring the position coordinates with the measuring machine 6. Therefore, based on the measurement result, the jig 3 is adjusted by the adjusting means 14 (hammer) so that the jig 3 has a predetermined position and posture as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the welding machine 9 is an arc welding machine (electric welding machine), a welding torch 15 having a contact tip, a wire driving device (not shown) that advances and retracts the welding wire 16, and A welding power source 17 that supplies the set welding current and welding voltage to the contact tip is provided, and a coating gas is supplied to the welding torch 15. The welding machine 9 welds the jig 3 positioned and held on the bracket 5 to the bracket 5 in a state where the ground 10 is taken on the surface plate 1 and the measuring machine 6 is set on the surface plate 1.

  Since the ground 10 is taken on the surface plate 1 and the jig 3 is welded in a state where the measuring device 6 is set on the surface plate 1, the measuring device 6 is used to prevent leakage from the surface plate 1 to the measuring device 6. Is installed on a pedestal 12 fixed to the surface plate 1 via an electrical insulator 13. The jig 3 is welded in a state where the measuring machine 6 is set on the surface plate 1 in order to confirm the position and posture of the jig 3 after welding. This is for the purpose of acquiring the position coordinates of the measuring instrument 6 so that the measuring instrument 6 is not reset.

  That is, the measuring machine control means 7 operates the measuring machine 6 to obtain the position coordinates of the jig 3 for positioning the jig 3, and confirms the position and orientation of the jig 3 after welding. Then, the measuring machine 6 is operated to acquire the position coordinates of the jig 3.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the electrical insulator 13 of the present embodiment has a disk shape, and has a bolt insertion hole 18 for coupling the electrical insulator 13 to the pedestal 12 at the periphery thereof, Bolt insertion holes 19 for coupling the insulator 13 to the base of the measuring instrument 6 are alternately provided in the circumferential direction at intervals. On the upper surface of the electrical insulator 13, there is provided a deep counterbore 21 that accommodates the head of a bolt that couples the electrical insulator 13 to the pedestal 12, and the electrical insulator 13 is connected to the measuring instrument 6 on the lower surface of the electrical insulator 13. A counterbore 22 is provided to house the head of the bolt that is coupled to the base of the bolt.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the deep counterbore 21 on the upper surface of the electrical insulator 13 is formed to a depth such that the top surface of the head of the bolt 23 does not hit the lower surface of the base of the measuring instrument 6. Similarly, the counterbore 22 on the lower surface of the electrical insulator 13 is formed to a depth such that the top surface of the head of the bolt 23 does not hit the upper surface of the base 12.

  The electrical insulator 13 of the present embodiment is made of a hard synthetic resin. For example, a hard monomer cast nylon (for example, a nylon monomer having improved nylon characteristics by polymerizing and molding a main raw material nylon monomer under atmospheric pressure, for example, MC nylon (registered trademark)), polyacetal, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and the like can be employed. Especially, the polyacetal excellent in electrical insulation, dimensional stability, and workability is preferable.

<Welding method>
As shown in FIG. 1, the scale 2 is fixed at an appropriate position for the work on the surface plate 1, and the height of the bracket 5 is adjusted by the height adjusting plate 4. Further, a pedestal 12 is fixed to the surface plate 1, and the measuring instrument 6 is installed on the pedestal 12 via an electrical insulator 13.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the jig 3 is temporarily held on the bracket 5 by holding means 8. The measuring machine 6 is operated by the measuring machine control means 7, the probe 11 is applied to a plurality of predetermined parts of the jig 3, and the position coordinates of each part of the jig 3 with respect to the predetermined parts of the surface plate 1 are acquired. . Based on the position coordinates, the position and orientation of the jig 3 are confirmed on the display of the measuring instrument control means 7 with an image or a numerical value.

  When the position or posture of the temporarily held jig 3 deviates from the expected position and posture, the position and / or posture of the jig 3 is corrected by the adjusting means 14 as shown in FIG. That is, while the position and posture of the jig 3 are confirmed by acquiring the coordinate position by the measuring instrument 6, the position and posture are corrected by the adjusting means 14 so as to become the expected position and posture. This is a positioning operation of the jig 3. Thereafter, the positioned jig 3 is held by the holding means 8 so as not to be displaced from the bracket 5.

  As shown in FIG. 4, with the measuring device 6 set on the surface plate 1, the ground 10 of the welding machine 1 is taken on the surface plate 1, positioned as described above, and held in the bracket 5 by the holding means 8. The tool 3 is welded to the bracket 5. Electricity flows through the surface plate 1 during welding, but since the measuring device 6 is set on the surface plate 1 via the electric insulator 13, electric leakage to the measuring device 6 is prevented by the electric insulator 13. Therefore, the measuring device 6 is prevented from malfunctioning due to electric leakage.

  After the jig 3 is welded, the measuring machine 6 is operated by the measuring machine control means 7 and the probe 11 is applied to a plurality of predetermined parts of the jig 3 after welding, thereby obtaining the position coordinates of each part. Based on the position coordinates, the position and orientation of the jig 3 are confirmed on the display of the measuring instrument control means 7 with an image or a numerical value.

  As described above, according to the embodiment, since the position coordinates of the jig 3 are measured in a state where the measuring device 6 is set on the surface plate 1, the position coordinates of the jig 3 are obtained on the basis of the surface plate 1. Can do. Therefore, the jig 3 can be accurately positioned with respect to the surface plate 1.

  In addition, the jig 3 is welded in a state where the measuring instrument 6 is set on the surface plate 1, and the position coordinates of the jig 3 after welding are checked, so the posture and position of the welded jig 3 are determined. The board 1 can be detected with high accuracy. In particular, since the measuring instrument 6 is not attached and detached before and after welding, there is no problem of misalignment of the measuring instrument 6 and readjustment of the measuring instrument 6 is not required. 3 can be detected, which facilitates detection and is advantageous in ensuring detection accuracy.

  In addition, since the measuring instrument 6 is not detached before and after the jig 3 is welded, the series of operations of measuring and positioning the position coordinates of the jig 3, welding, and confirming and measuring the position coordinates after welding are completed in a short time. be able to. In particular, in the case of a prototype of a product, it is necessary to change the setting of the jig 3 repeatedly. However, according to the embodiment, the setting of the jig 3 can be changed with high accuracy in a short time, which is useful. is there.

  In addition, while the measuring device 6 is set on the surface plate 1, the ground 3 is connected to the surface plate 1 and the jig 3 is welded. However, the electrical insulator 13 prevents electric leakage from the surface plate 1 to the measuring device 6. Therefore, the malfunction or failure of the measuring instrument 6 can be avoided. In particular, since a hard synthetic resin insulator is employed as the electrical insulator 13, it is possible to reliably prevent leakage from the surface plate 1 to the measuring instrument 6, and unlike the rubber or the like, Since the dimensional stability is high, it is possible to avoid a measurement error of the position coordinates of the jig 3.

  An electrical insulator 13 may be interposed between the surface plate 1 and the base 12. In the case where the measuring instrument 6 is directly installed on the surface plate 1, an electrical insulator 13 is interposed between the base of the measuring instrument 6 and the surface plate 1.

1 Surface plate (composing the main body)
2 Equal (consists the body)
3 Jig (parts)
5 Bracket (Welded member)
6 Measuring machine 7 Measuring machine control means 8 Holding means 9 Welding machine 10 Ground 11 Probe 12 Base 13 Electric insulator

Claims (12)

A welding method for positioning and welding a part to a main body,
Set a measuring machine to measure the position coordinates of the parts on the main body,
Based on the measurement result by the measuring machine, positioning the component with respect to the main body,
In a state where the measuring instrument is set on the main body, the parts that have been positioned with respect to the main body are welded,
A welding method, wherein after the welding, the position coordinates of the component are measured for confirmation by the measuring instrument set on the main body. In claim 1,
The main body is a conductive surface plate equipped with a member to be welded, and the part is welded to the member to be welded by an electric welding machine,
The measuring instrument is an electrical measuring instrument,
Take the ground of the electric welder on the surface plate,
A welding method comprising: setting the electrical measuring instrument on the surface plate via an electrical insulator in order to prevent leakage from the surface plate to the electrical measuring instrument. In claim 2,
A welding method comprising mounting a plurality of the members to be welded on the surface plate and welding parts to each member to be welded. In claim 2 or claim 3,
The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the electrical measuring instrument is a three-dimensional coordinate measuring instrument. In any one of Claims 2 thru | or 4,
The welding method, wherein the component is a jig for receiving a workpiece on the surface plate. In any one of Claims 2 thru | or 5,
The welding method, wherein the electrical insulator is made of a synthetic resin and is interposed between a base portion of the electrical measuring instrument and the surface plate or a base fixed to the surface plate. A welding device that positions and welds parts to a main body,
Holding means for holding the component on the body;
A measuring instrument that is set on the main body and measures the position coordinates of the component relative to the main body;
A welding machine for welding the parts held by the holding means to the main body in a state where the measuring machine is set on the main body;
In order to position the component with respect to the main body in the holding of the component by the holding means, the measuring machine is operated to acquire the position coordinates of the component, and the position of the component after the welding is checked in order to A welding apparatus comprising: a measuring machine control means for operating the measuring machine to acquire the position coordinates of the component. In claim 7,
The main body is a conductive surface plate equipped with a member to be welded,
The welding machine is an electric welding machine, and welds the parts to the member to be welded.
The measuring instrument is an electrical measuring instrument,
The ground of the electric welder is taken on the surface plate,
A welding apparatus, wherein the electrical measuring device is set on the surface plate via an electrical insulator so as to prevent leakage from the surface plate to the electrical measuring device. In claim 8,
A welding apparatus, wherein a plurality of the members to be welded are mounted on the surface plate, and a part is welded to each member to be welded. In claim 8 or claim 9,
The welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrical measuring instrument is a three-dimensional coordinate measuring instrument. In any one of Claims 8 thru | or 10,
The welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the component is a jig for receiving a workpiece on the surface plate. In any one of Claims 8 thru | or 11,
The welding apparatus, wherein the electrical insulator is made of a synthetic resin and is interposed between a base portion of the electrical measuring instrument and the surface plate or a base fixed to the surface plate.

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