JP6301687B2 - Power transmission system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power transmission system.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a wireless power transmission apparatus that transmits power between two non-contact electric circuits using electromagnetic induction.

JP-A-8-340285

  By the way, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, power transmission is appropriately performed when the power transmitting and receiving coils face each other and the facing distance is 5 to 10 mm (paragraph of Patent Document 1).

(See reference), and there is a problem that the distance for transmitting power cannot be increased.

  Then, this invention aims at providing the electric power transmission system which can transmit electric power efficiently and a long distance.

In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a power transmission system that transmits AC power from a power transmission device to a power reception device, wherein the power transmission device is disposed at a predetermined distance and includes the predetermined distance. One set of first set electrodes having a total width of a near field of λ / 2π or less, and a predetermined angle rotated with respect to the first set electrode, the same as the first set electrode Are disposed at a predetermined distance, and a total width including the predetermined distance has a length of λ / 2π or less that is a near field, the second set electrode, the first set electrode, and the first set electrode A supply means for supplying AC power having a phase difference to the second set electrode; a first inductor inserted between at least one of the supply means and the first set electrode; the supply means; A second inserted between at least one of the second pair of electrodes; A third set of electrodes having a total width including the predetermined distance and a length equal to or less than λ / 2π which is a near field. And a predetermined angle rotated with respect to the third set electrode, and arranged at a predetermined distance as in the third set electrode, and the total width including the predetermined distance is a near field. A set of fourth set electrodes having a length of λ / 2π or less, output means for outputting the phase of AC power received by the third set electrode and the fourth set electrode, and the output And a fourth inductor inserted between at least one of the output means and the fourth set electrode, and the power transmission Electric power is generated by a rotating electric field between the device and the power receiving device. Characterized in that it is fed.
According to such a configuration, it is possible to provide a power transmission system that can efficiently transmit power over a long distance.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the first to fourth assembled electrodes are constituted by flat electrodes.
According to such a configuration, power can be transmitted efficiently over a long distance, and the heat dissipation characteristics of the electrode can be enhanced.

In the present invention, the first and second assembled electrodes are disposed in a conductive shielding box, and the third and fourth assembled electrodes are disposed in a conductive shielding box as well. It is a characteristic.
According to such a structure, the influence by the object which exists around an electrode can be reduced.

The present invention further includes a relay device disposed between the power transmission device and the power reception device, the relay device being disposed at a predetermined distance, and a total width including the predetermined distance being a near field. A set of fifth set electrodes having a length of λ / 2π or less and a predetermined angle rotated with respect to the fifth set electrode, and a predetermined distance similar to the fifth set electrode. A pair of sixth electrodes having a length equal to or less than λ / 2π that is a near field and a total width including the predetermined distance and a pair of electrodes constituting the fifth electrode And a sixth inductor for connecting one set of electrodes constituting the sixth set electrode.
According to such a configuration, power can be transmitted for a longer distance.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to provide the electric power transmission system which can transmit electric power efficiently.

It is a figure for demonstrating the principle of operation of embodiment of this invention. 2 is an equivalent circuit of the configuration example shown in FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the transmission characteristic of the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the coupler for power transmission explaining the principle of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the coupler for power transmission and the coupler for power reception explaining the principle of this invention. 6 is a Smith chart of input impedance of the power transmission coupler of the configuration example shown in FIG. 5. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of parameter S11, S21, (eta) 21 of the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state rotated 90 degree | times centering | focusing on the Z-axis about the structural example shown in FIG. It is a Smith chart of the input impedance of the coupler for power transmission of the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of parameter S11, S21, (eta) 21 of the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the basic composition of 1st Embodiment of this invention. 12 is a Smith chart of input impedance of the power transmission coupler of the configuration example shown in FIG. 11. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of parameter S11, S21, (eta) 21 of the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the electric field distribution of the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state rotated about the Z-axis about the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the transmission efficiency of the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the electric power distribution part of embodiment shown in FIG. It is a Smith chart of the input impedance of the coupler for power transmission of embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the transmission efficiency and reflection loss of embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the electric field distribution of embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17 is rotated about the Z axis. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the rotation angle shown in FIG. 22, and transmission efficiency. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the configuration example illustrated in FIG. 11 is linearly moved. It is a figure which shows the state which moved the embodiment shown in FIG. 17 linearly. It is a figure which shows the change of the peak of the transmission efficiency at the time of linearly moving the structural example of FIG. 11 and FIG. It is a figure explaining the basic composition of a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the detail of the inductor of the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the transmission efficiency of the structural example shown in FIG. FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an electric field generated at a phase of 0 degree when AC power is applied to the configuration example illustrated in FIG. 27. FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an electric field generated at a phase of 45 degrees when AC power is applied to the configuration example illustrated in FIG. 27. FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an electric field generated at a phase of 90 degrees when AC power is applied to the configuration example illustrated in FIG. 27. FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 135 degrees when AC power is applied to the configuration example shown in FIG. 27. FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 180 degrees when AC power is applied to the configuration example shown in FIG. 27. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the detail of the inductor of embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the transmission efficiency of embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 0 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 45 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 90 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 135 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 180 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 35. FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the configuration example illustrated in FIGS. 27 and 35 is rotated about the Z axis. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the rotation angle of the structural example shown in FIG. 27, and transmission efficiency. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the rotation angle and transmission efficiency of embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the configuration example illustrated in FIG. 27 is linearly moved. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the movement distance in FIG. 46, and the peak of transmission efficiency. FIG. 36 is a diagram showing a state where the embodiment shown in FIG. 35 is linearly moved. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the movement distance in FIG. 48, and the peak of transmission efficiency. It is a figure explaining the basic composition of a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit of the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the transmission efficiency and reflection loss of the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the input impedance of the structural example shown in FIG. It is a figure explaining the basic composition of a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the detailed structural example of FIG. It is a figure which shows the detailed structural example of FIG. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the transmission efficiency of embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the electric field which arises in phase 0 degree, when alternating current power is applied to embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 55 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 45 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 54. FIG. 55 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 90 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 54. It is a figure which shows the electric field which arises at the phase of 135 degree | times when alternating current power is applied to embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the electric field which arises at a phase of 180 degree | times when alternating current power is applied to embodiment shown in FIG. It is a figure explaining the basic composition of 4th Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 64 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of transmission efficiency of the embodiment shown in FIG. 63. FIG. 64 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 0 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 63. FIG. 64 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 45 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 63. FIG. 64 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 90 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 63. FIG. 64 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 135 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 63. FIG. 64 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 180 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 63. It is a figure explaining the basic composition of a 5th embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the transmission efficiency of embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 71 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 0 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 70. FIG. 71 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 45 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 70. FIG. 71 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 90 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 70. FIG. 71 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 135 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 70. FIG. 71 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 180 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 70. It is a figure explaining the basic composition of a 5th embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 78 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of transmission efficiency of the embodiment shown in FIG. 77. FIG. 78 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 0 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 77. FIG. 78 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 45 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 77. FIG. 78 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 90 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 77. FIG. 78 is a diagram showing an electric field generated at a phase of 135 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 77. FIG. 78 is a diagram illustrating an electric field generated at a phase of 180 degrees when AC power is applied to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 77. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a power distribution part. It is a figure which shows the phase characteristic of the circuit shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the gain characteristic of the circuit shown in FIG.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

(A) Description of Operation Principle of Embodiment First, before describing the embodiment of the present invention, the operation principle of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the operating principle of the present invention. In the example of this figure, the power transmission system 1 includes a power transmission device 10 and a power reception device 20.

  Here, the power transmission device 10 includes electrodes 11 and 12, inductors 13 and 14, connection lines 15 and 16, and an AC power generation unit 17. The power receiving device 20 includes electrodes 21 and 22, inductors 23 and 24, connection lines 25 and 26, and a load 27. The electrodes 11 and 12 and the inductors 13 and 14 constitute a power transmission coupler. The electrodes 21 and 22 and the inductors 23 and 24 constitute a power receiving coupler.

  Here, the electrodes 11 and 12 are comprised by the member which has electroconductivity, and are arrange | positioned at predetermined distance d1. In the example of FIG. 1, as the electrodes 11, 12, 21, and 22, flat plate electrodes having a rectangular shape having substantially the same size are illustrated. The electrode 11 and the electrode 21 are arranged in parallel so as to face each other with a distance d2, and the electrode 12 and the electrode 22 are also arranged in parallel so as to face each other with the same distance d2. The electrodes 11, 12, 21, and 22 may be electrodes having shapes other than those shown in FIG. For example, it may be a circular or elliptical plate electrode, a three-dimensional shape such as a sphere, or a curved or bent electrode instead of a flat plate.

  The total width D including the distance d1 between the electrode 11 and the electrode 12 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π where λ is the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes. . Similarly, the total width D including the distance d1 between the electrode 21 and the electrode 22 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π. Also, the distance d2 between the electrode 11 and the electrode 21 and between the electrode 12 and the electrode 22 is set to be shorter than the near field indicated by λ / 2π.

  For example, the inductors 13 and 14 are configured by winding a conductive wire (for example, copper wire), and one end of each of the inductors 13 and 12 is electrically connected to the ends of the electrodes 11 and 12 in the example of FIG. . The connection line 15 is composed of a conductive wire (for example, copper wire) that connects the other end of the inductor 13 and one end of the output terminal of the AC power generation unit 17. The connection line 16 is formed of a conductive wire material that connects the other end of the inductor 14 and the other end of the output terminal of the AC power generation unit 17. The connection lines 15 and 16 are constituted by coaxial cables or balanced cables.

  The AC power generation unit 17 generates AC power having a predetermined frequency and supplies the AC power to the inductors 13 and 14 via the connection lines 15 and 16.

  Similarly to the electrodes 11 and 12, the electrodes 21 and 22 are made of a conductive member, and are arranged at a predetermined distance d1.

  For example, the inductors 23 and 24 are formed by winding a conductive wire. In the example of FIG. 1, one end of each of the inductors 23 and 22 is electrically connected to the end of the electrodes 21 and 22. The connection line 25 is composed of a conductive wire (for example, copper wire) that connects the other end of the inductor 23 and one end of the input terminal of the load 27. The connection line 26 is formed of a conductive wire that connects the other end of the inductor 24 and the other end of the input terminal of the load 27. The connection lines 25 and 26 are constituted by coaxial cables or balanced cables.

  The load 27 is supplied with power output from the AC power generation unit 17 and transmitted via the power transmission coupler and the power reception coupler. The load 27 is constituted by, for example, a rectifier and a secondary battery. Of course, it may be other than this.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the power transmission system 1 shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, impedance 2 indicates the output impedance of the AC power generator 17, and impedance 27 indicates the input impedance of the load 27. Here, it is assumed that both have a value of Z0. The characteristic impedances of the connection lines 15 and 16 and the connection lines 25 and 26 that are not clearly shown in the equivalent circuit are also Z0. The inductor 3 corresponds to the inductors 13 and 14 and has an element value of L. The capacitor 4 has an element value (C−Cm) obtained by subtracting a capacitor having an element value Cm generated between the electrodes 11 and 12 and the electrodes 21 and 22 from a capacitor having an element value C generated between the electrodes 11 and 12. The capacitor 5 is a capacitor generated between the electrodes 11 and 12 and the electrodes 21 and 22, and has an element value of Cm. The capacitor 6 has an element value (C−Cm) obtained by subtracting a capacitor having an element value Cm generated between the electrodes 11 and 12 and the electrodes 21 and 22 from a capacitor having an element value C generated between the electrodes 21 and 22. The inductor 7 corresponds to the inductors 23 and 24 and has an element value of L. The resistor 8 indicates the resistance of the power transmission coupler and is a resistance value associated with the inductors 13 and 14. The resistor 9 indicates the resistance of the power receiving coupler and is a resistance value associated with the inductors 24 and 24.

FIG. 3 shows the frequency characteristics of the S parameter between the power transmission device 10 and the power reception device 20. Specifically, the horizontal axis of FIG. 3 indicates the frequency, and the vertical axis indicates the insertion loss (S21) from the power transmission device 10 to the power reception device 20. Here, for simplicity, the resistance values of the power transmission coupler and the power reception coupler are set to zero. As shown in FIG. 3, the insertion loss from the power transmitting device 10 to the power receiving device 20 has an impedance maximum at the frequency f _C and has impedance matching points, that is, resonance points at the frequencies f _L and f _H. ing. Here, the frequency f _C is determined by the inductance value L of the inductors 3 and 7 shown in FIG. 2 and the capacitance value C of the capacitor formed by the electrodes 11 and 12 or the electrodes 21 and 22. Further, the frequencies f _L and f _H correspond to the inductance value L of the inductors 3 and 7 shown in FIG. 2, the capacitance value Cm of the capacitor formed by the electrodes 11 and 12 and the electrodes 21 and 22, and the electrodes 11 and 12. And the capacitance value C of the capacitor generated between the electrodes 21 and 22, respectively, are approximated.

The frequency of the AC power generated by the AC power generator 17 is set in the vicinity of f _L to f _H shown in FIG. 3, preferably f _C. Even if the frequency of the AC power does not coincide with f _L or f _H , the impedance at the frequency of the AC power has a value close to Z0 if it is close to them, so that it is easy to apply a matching circuit. The insertion loss from the power transmission device 10 to the power reception device 20 can be made approximately 0 dB by matching. The element value Cm varies depending on the relative positional relationship between the transmitting and receiving electrodes. As a result, the frequency characteristic graph of the S21 parameter shown in FIG. 3 also shifts in frequency according to the change in Cm, but the frequency of the AC power takes an extreme value f. If it is set to _C , the influence of Cm fluctuation can be mitigated.

  In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the electrodes 11 and 12 of the power transmission device 10 and the electrodes 21 and 22 of the power reception device 20 are coupled by electric field resonance, and the electrodes 11 and 12 of the power transmission device 10 to the electrodes 21 of the power reception device 20. AC power is transmitted to 22 by an electric field.

  That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the electrodes 11 and 12 of the power transmission device 10 and the electrodes 21 and 22 of the power reception device 20 are arranged apart by a distance d2 shorter than λ / 2π that is the near field. The electrodes 21 and 22 are arranged in a region where the electric field component radiated from the electrodes 11 and 12 is dominant. Further, the resonance frequency by the capacitor and inductors 13 and 14 formed between the electrodes 11 and 12 and the resonance frequency by the capacitor and inductors 23 and 24 formed between the electrodes 21 and 22 are set to be substantially equal. Has been. Thus, since the electrodes 11 and 12 of the power transmission device 10 and the electrodes 21 and 22 of the power reception device 20 are coupled by electric field resonance, the electrodes 11 and 12 of the power transmission device 10 are changed to the electrodes 21 and 22 of the power reception device 20. On the other hand, AC power is efficiently transmitted by the electric field.

  4 and 5 are perspective views showing more specific configuration examples. Here, FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of the power transmission coupler 110. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120 are arranged.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the power transmission coupler 110 is configured by a conductive member having a rectangular shape on a front surface 118 </ b> A of a circuit board 118 configured by an insulating member having a rectangular plate shape. The electrodes 111 and 112 to be arranged are arranged. In the example of FIG. 4, no electrode or the like is disposed on the back surface 118 </ b> B of the circuit board 118. As a specific configuration example, for example, electrodes 111 and 112 are formed of a conductive thin film such as copper on a circuit board 118 formed of a glass epoxy board, a glass composite board, or the like. The electrodes 111 and 112 are arranged in parallel at positions separated by a predetermined distance d1. The width D of the electrodes 111 and 112 including the distance d1 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π when the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes is λ. . As a specific length of D, for example, when the operating frequency is 13.56 MHz, it can be about 50 cm, and the length L in the direction orthogonal to this can be about 50 cm.

  One ends of inductors 113 and 114 are connected to the ends of the electrodes 111 and 112 of the circuit board 118 in the short direction. The other ends of the inductors 113 and 114 are connected to one ends of connection lines 115 and 116, respectively. The connection lines 115 and 116 are disposed so as to avoid the regions of the electrodes 111 and 112 and the region sandwiched between them, and are disposed so as to extend in a direction away from these regions (lower left direction in FIG. 4). Yes. More specifically, the rectangular regions of the electrodes 111 and 112 and the region sandwiched between the two electrodes 111 and 112 are arranged so as to avoid the region, and the electrodes 111 and 112 are arranged so as to extend away from these regions. ing. By arranging in this way, interference between the electrodes 111 and 112 and the connection lines 115 and 116 can be reduced, so that a reduction in transmission efficiency can be prevented. The connection lines 115 and 116 are configured by, for example, a coaxial cable or a balanced cable. Note that the other ends of the connection lines 115 and 116 are respectively connected to output terminals of an AC power generation unit (not shown). By connecting the AC power generation unit to the power transmission coupler 110 by the connection lines 115 and 116, a power transmission device is configured.

The power transmission coupler 110 constitutes a series resonance circuit composed of the capacitance C of the capacitor formed by arranging the electrodes 111 and 112 at a predetermined distance d1 and the inductance L of the inductors 113 and 114. It has a unique resonance frequency f _C.

The power receiving coupler 120 has the same configuration as that of the power transmitting coupler 110. On the surface 128A of the circuit board 128, electrodes 121 and 122 and inductors 123 and 124 made of a conductive member having a rectangular shape are arranged. Connection lines 125 and 126 are connected to the other ends of the inductors 123 and 124. The capacitance C of the capacitor formed by the electrodes 121 and 122 and the resonance frequency f _C of the series resonance circuit due to the inductance L of the inductors 123 and 124 are set to be substantially the same as those of the power transmission coupler 110. The connection lines 125 and 126 are configured by, for example, a coaxial cable or a balanced cable. A load (not shown) is connected to the other ends of the connection lines 125 and 126 of the power receiving coupler 120. A power receiving device is configured by connecting a load to the power receiving coupler 120 through the connection lines 125 and 126.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120 are arranged to face each other. As shown in this figure, the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120 are arranged so that the circuit boards 118 and 128 are parallel to each other with a distance d2 so that the surfaces 118A and 128A of the circuit boards 118 and 128 face each other. Is done. The power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120 are configured so that the electric field generated between the two electrodes 111 and 112 of the power transmission coupler 110 and the electric field generated between the two electrodes 121 and 122 of the power reception coupler 120 are substantially parallel. When the position in the x direction of the gap between the two electrodes 111 and 112 of the power transmission coupler 110 and the position in the x direction of the gap between the two electrodes 121 and 122 of the power reception coupler 120 are substantially the same, Transmission is possible.

Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 will be described. FIG. 6 shows a Smith chart of the impedance S11 of the power transmission coupler 110 when the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120 are arranged to face each other with a distance of 20 cm (d2 = 20 cm). In this case, the port impedance of the measuring instrument is the characteristic impedance Z0 of the connection line (real value)
Is set to a value equal to As shown in this figure, in the present embodiment, the impedance locus of the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120 passes near the center of the Smith chart circle, so that transmission is performed in the vicinity of this. Thus, reflection can be suppressed and power can be transmitted efficiently.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the S parameter between the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120 when the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120 are arranged to face each other with a distance of 20 cm (d2 = 20 cm). is there. In this figure, the solid line shows the frequency characteristic of the transmission efficiency η21 (= | S21 | ² ). The broken line indicates the frequency characteristic of the reflection loss η11 (= | S11 | ² ). Here, the parameter S11 indicates the reflection of the signal input from the power transmission coupler 110, the parameter S21 indicates the signal passing from the power transmission coupler 110 to the power reception coupler 120, and the transmission efficiency η21 is for power reception from the power transmission coupler 110. The signal transmission efficiency to the coupler 120 is shown. As shown in FIG. 7, at a frequency of 27.12 MHz, the reflection of the signal input to the power transmission coupler 110 is minimized and the transmission from the power transmission coupler 110 to the power reception coupler 120 is maximized. As a result, the signal transmission efficiency η21 from the power transmission coupler 110 to the power reception coupler 120 becomes maximum at about 95%. That is, it can be said that the impedance of the power transmission system 1 is matched at 20 cm.

  Next, FIG. 8 is a perspective view when the angle between the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120 is rotated 90 degrees about the center in the electrode surface direction of the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120. As described above, when the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120 are rotated by 90 degrees from the state shown in FIG. 5, the Smith chart shown in FIG. 6 shows the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler as shown in FIG. The locus of the impedance of the coupler 120 does not pass through the vicinity of the center of the Smith chart circle. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the transmission efficiency is substantially 0 and the reflection loss is also substantially 1. For this reason, in the arrangement state as shown in FIG. 8, power cannot be transmitted between the power transmission coupler 110 and the power reception coupler 120.

  FIG. 11 shows a case where a cylindrical electrode is used instead of the planar electrode shown in FIG. In the example of this figure, the power transmission coupler 210 is arranged so that the axes of the two electrodes 211 and 212 having a cylindrical shape with a diameter R coincide with each other and the axis direction is in the Y-axis direction. In FIGS. 11, 14, and 15, the center in the axial direction of the two electrodes 211 and 212 is the origin, and the center in the axial direction of the two electrodes 211 and 212 and the axial direction of the two electrodes 221 and 222 are used. The direction connecting the centers of the two is the Z axis. The coordinate axis in the figure shows only the direction. The two electrodes 211 and 212 are arranged with a distance of d1, and the length between both ends of the two electrodes 211 and 212 is set to D. One end of each of the inductors 213 and 214 is connected to the opposing ends of the electrodes 211 and 212, respectively. The other ends of the inductors 213 and 214 are connected to one end of a connection line (not shown). In addition, the connection line is composed of, for example, a coaxial cable or a balanced cable, and is connected to an output terminal of an AC power generation unit (not shown). The width D of the electrodes 211 and 212 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π, where λ is the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes. Similarly to the power transmission coupler 210, the power reception coupler 220 is also arranged so that the axes of the two electrodes 221 and 222 having a cylindrical shape with a diameter R coincide with each other and the axis direction is in the Y-axis direction. These two electrodes 221 and 222 are arranged at a distance of d1, and the length between both ends of the two electrodes 221 and 222 is set to D. One ends of inductors 223 and 224 are connected to opposite ends of the electrodes 221 and 222, respectively. The other ends of the inductors 223 and 224 are connected to one end of a connection line (not shown). In addition, the connection line is composed of, for example, a coaxial cable or a balanced cable, and is connected to an output terminal of an AC power generation unit (not shown). The width D of the electrodes 221 and 222 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π, where λ is the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes. The power transmission coupler 210 and the power reception coupler 220 are arranged to face each other with a distance d2 in the Z-axis direction.

  FIG. 12 shows a Smith chart of the impedance S11 of the power transmission coupler 210 when the power transmission coupler 210 and the power reception coupler 220 shown in FIG. 11 are arranged to be opposed to each other with a distance of 314 mm (when d2 = 314 mm). In this case, the port impedance of the measuring instrument is set to a value equal to the characteristic impedance Z0 (real value) of the connection line. As shown in this figure, since the locus of impedance of the power transmission coupler 210 and the power reception coupler 220 shown in FIG. 11 passes through the vicinity of the center of the Smith chart circle, it is set to perform transmission in this vicinity. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently transmit power while suppressing reflection.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the frequency characteristics of the S parameter between the power transmission coupler 210 and the power reception coupler 220 when the power transmission coupler 210 and the power reception coupler 220 are arranged to be opposed to each other with a distance of 314 mm (d2 = 314 mm). is there. In this figure, the solid line indicates the frequency characteristic of the transmission efficiency η21 (= | S21 | ² ), and the broken line indicates the reflection loss η11 (= | S11 | ² ). As shown in FIG. 7, near the frequency of 27 MHz, the reflection of the signal input to the power transmission coupler 210 is minimized, and the passage from the power transmission coupler 210 to the power reception coupler 220 is maximized. As a result, the signal transmission efficiency η21 from the power transmission coupler 210 to the power reception coupler 220 is maximized at about 95%.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a distribution state of electric fields around the power transmission coupler 210 and the power reception coupler 220 when power is transmitted in the configuration illustrated in FIG. In this figure, the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the electric field, and the size of the arrow indicates the magnitude of the electric field. As shown in this figure, there are an arrow from one electrode and an electric field entering the other electrode around the power transmission coupler 210. Further, an arrow extending from one electrode and an electric field entering the other electrode also exist around the power receiving coupler 220.

  FIG. 15 shows a state where the power receiving coupler 220 shown in FIG. 11 is rotated by an angle φ around the Z axis with respect to the power transmitting coupler 210. Note that a broken line in FIG. 15A indicates a line parallel to the power receiving coupler 220. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing changes in the peak of the transmission efficiency η21 when φ shown in FIG. 15 is changed between 0 and 120 degrees. In the example shown in FIG. 16, η21 is maintained at 90% or more when φ is in the range of 0 to 30 degrees. However, when φ is greater than 40 degrees, it decreases rapidly, and when φ is 90 degrees, it is approximately 0%. It becomes. From FIG. 16, it can be seen that in the configuration shown in FIG. 11, it is desirable that the relative angle φ between the power transmission coupler 210 and the power reception coupler 220 be 30 degrees or less.

(B) Description of First Embodiment FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIGS. 17, 21, and 22, the center in the axial direction of the two electrodes 311 and 312 is the origin, and the center in the axial direction of the two electrodes 311 and 312 and the axial direction of the two electrodes 321 and 322 are used. The direction connecting the centers of the two is the Z axis. The coordinate axis in the figure shows only the direction. 17A is a perspective view of the first embodiment, FIG. 17B is a view of FIG. 17A viewed from the positive direction of the Z axis, and FIG. 17C is FIG. It is the figure which looked at A) from the Y-axis positive direction. As shown in this figure, in the first embodiment, as the power transmission coupler 310, the electrodes 311 and 312 which are first assembled electrodes having a cylindrical shape with a diameter R are linearly parallel to the X axis with a distance d1 therebetween. Similarly, the electrodes 315 and 316, which are second assembled electrodes having a cylindrical shape with a diameter R, are arranged on a straight line parallel to the Y-axis with a distance d1. As shown in FIG. 17C, the distance between the electrodes 311 and 312 and the electrodes 315 and 316 is d3. That is, in the example of FIG. 17, the electrodes 311 and 312 and the electrodes 315 and 316 are arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal. One ends of inductors 313 and 314 are connected to the inner ends of the electrodes 311 and 312, respectively. The other ends of the inductors 313 and 314 are connected to one end of a connection line (not shown). Note that the connection line is configured by, for example, a coaxial cable or a balanced cable, and is connected to a power distribution unit described later. The total width D of the electrodes 311 and 312 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π, where λ is the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes. One ends of inductors 317 and 318 are connected to the inner ends of the electrodes 315 and 316, respectively. The other ends of the inductors 317 and 318 are respectively connected to one end of a connection line (not shown). The connection line is configured by, for example, a coaxial cable or a balanced cable, and is connected to a power distribution unit described later. The total width D of the electrodes 315 and 316 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π, where λ is the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes.

  Similarly to the power transmission coupler 310, the power reception coupler 320 has electrodes 321 and 322, which are third electrodes having a cylindrical shape with a diameter R, arranged on a straight line parallel to the X axis with a distance d1. Electrodes 325 and 326, which are fourth assembled electrodes having a cylindrical shape with a diameter R, are arranged on a straight line parallel to the Y axis at a distance d1. As shown in FIG. 17C, the distance between the electrodes 321 and 322 and the electrodes 325 and 326 is d3. In the example of FIG. 17, the electrodes 321 and 322 and the electrodes 325 and 326 are arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal. One ends of inductors 323 and 324 are connected to the inner ends of the electrodes 321 and 322, respectively. The other ends of the inductors 323 and 324 are connected to one end of a connection line (not shown). Note that the connection line is configured by, for example, a coaxial cable or a balanced cable, and is connected to a power distribution unit described later. The total width D of the electrodes 321 and 322 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π, where λ is the wavelength of the electric field received by these electrodes. One ends of inductors 327 and 328 are connected to the inner ends of the electrodes 325 and 326, respectively. The other ends of the inductors 327 and 328 are connected to one end of a connection line (not shown). The connection line is configured by, for example, a coaxial cable or a balanced cable, and is connected to a power distribution unit described later. The total width D of the electrodes 325 and 326 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π, where λ is the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a distributor that distributes the power output from the AC power generation unit 17 and shifts the phase and supplies the power to the power transmission coupler 310 illustrated in FIG. 17. In the example shown in FIG. 18, the AC power generation unit 17 is connected to the Port 1 side, and the inductors 313 and 314 are connected to the Port 2 side. Further, inductors 317 and 318 are connected to the Port 3 side. As shown by the S parameter value in the figure, the distributor has ideal equal distribution and phase 90 ° offset characteristics without frequency dependency. That is, the power supplied from the power generation unit 17 to Port 1 is supplied to the inductors 313 and 314 and the inductors 317 and 318 as power having the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees.

  A power combiner having the same configuration as in FIG. 18 is also connected to the reception coupler 320 shown in FIG. That is, in the power combiner, a load 27 is connected to Port 1 shown in FIG. 18 instead of the AC power generator 17, inductors 323 and 324 are connected to Port 2, and inductors 327 and 328 are connected to Port 3. . The electric power received by the electrodes 321 and 322 and the electrodes 325 and 326 has a phase difference of 90 degrees, but is synthesized after the phase difference is adjusted to 0 by the power synthesis unit and supplied to the load 27. .

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 17 will be described. The AC power generated by the AC power generation unit 17 is divided into two by the power distribution unit shown in FIG. 18 and is adjusted so that the phase difference is 90 degrees, and then the electrodes 311 through the inductors 313 and 314. 312 and the electrodes 315 and 316 via the inductors 317 and 318. The electrodes 311 and 312 and the electrodes 315 and 316 are arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other, and AC power having a phase difference of 90 degrees is supplied to these electrodes. An electric field that rotates about the axis is generated. Such a rotating electric field is received by the electrodes 321 and 322 and the electrodes 325 and 326, and is output as AC power whose phase is shifted by 90 degrees. The AC power output from the electrodes 321 and 322 and the electrodes 325 and 326 is input to the power combining unit Port2 and Port3 having the same configuration as that in FIG. 18, adjusted so that the phase difference becomes 0, and then combined. And supplied to the load 27. As a result, the AC power generated by the AC power generation unit 17 is divided into two by the power distribution unit shown in FIG. 18 and adjusted to have a phase difference of 90 degrees. Electric power is transmitted from 315 and 316 as an electric field rotating around the Z axis. The electrodes 321 and 322 and the electrodes 325 and 326 receive a rotating electric field, and are adjusted so that the phase difference becomes 0 by a power combining unit having the same configuration as in FIG. 18, and are combined and supplied to the load 27.

  The phase difference of the distributor is +90 degrees in the example of FIG. 18, but it may be -90 degrees. In this case, the rotation direction of the electric field is reversed as compared with the case where the phase difference is +90 degrees, but there is no difference in the power transmission characteristics.

  FIG. 19 shows a Smith chart of the impedance S11 of the power transmission coupler 310 of the first embodiment. The distance d1 between the electrodes is 43 mm, the length D of the electrode including d1 is 780 mm, the distance d2 between the electrodes of the power transmission coupler 310 and the power reception coupler 320 is 314 mm, and the electrodes 311 and 312 The distance d3 between 315 and 316 and the distance d3 between the electrodes 321 and 322 and the electrodes 325 and 326 are set to 55 mm. The port impedance of the measuring instrument is set to a value equal to the characteristic impedance Z0 (real value) of the connection line. As shown in FIG. 19, in the first embodiment, since the locus of impedance of the power transmission coupler 310 and the power reception coupler 320 exists near the center of the Smith chart circle, transmission is performed in this vicinity. By setting, reflection can be suppressed and power can be transmitted efficiently.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating the frequency characteristics of the S parameter between the power transmission coupler 310 and the power reception coupler 320 of the first embodiment. In this figure, the solid line indicates the frequency characteristic of the transmission efficiency η21 (= | S21 | ² ), and the broken line indicates the reflection loss η11 (= | S11 | ² ). As shown in FIG. 20, at a frequency of 27.12 MHz, the reflection of the signal input to the power transmission coupler 310 is minimized, and the passage from the power transmission coupler 310 to the power reception coupler 320 is maximized. As a result, the signal transmission efficiency η21 from the power transmission coupler 310 to the power reception coupler 320 becomes maximum at about 93%.

  FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the electric field distribution of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 21, an electric field from one electrode to the other electrode is present around the power transmission coupler 310 and the power reception coupler 320. Such an electric field generates capacitance between the electrodes and transmits electric power by electric field coupling between the couplers.

  Next, characteristics when the electrode of the first embodiment is rotated will be described. FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the power receiving coupler 320 is rotated with respect to the power transmitting coupler 310 by an angle φ around the Z axis. That is, FIG. 22 shows a state where the center of the electrodes 321 and 322 and the electrodes 325 and 326 of the power receiving coupler 320 is rotated by an angle φ with the rotation axis as the rotation axis.

  FIG. 23 is a diagram showing changes in the peak of the transmission efficiency η21 when φ shown in FIG. 22 is changed between 0 and 120 degrees. In FIG. 23, the solid line indicates the characteristic of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 17, and the broken line indicates the characteristic of the configuration shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 23, in the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 11, η21 decreases rapidly when the angle φ is greater than 40 degrees, and becomes approximately 0% (null point) when φ reaches 90 degrees. On the other hand, in the case of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 17, an efficiency of 80% or more is maintained regardless of the rotation angle, although there is a slight drop near 90 degrees. From this, in the case of 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. 17, since electric power is transmitted with the rotating electric field, it turns out that it is strong to the shift | offset | difference of a rotation direction compared with the structure shown in FIG.

  Next, characteristics when the electrode of the first embodiment is linearly moved will be described. FIG. 24A is a diagram illustrating a state where the power receiving coupler 220 is moved in the X direction in the configuration illustrated in FIG. FIG. 24B is a diagram illustrating a state where the power receiving coupler 220 is moved in the Y direction. On the other hand, FIG. 25A is a diagram showing a state where the power receiving coupler 320 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 17 is moved in the X direction. FIG. 25B is a diagram showing a state where the power receiving coupler 320 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 17 is moved in a direction shifted by an angle φ from the X direction. FIG. 26 is a diagram showing the movement amount and the peak change of the transmission efficiency η21 in the states shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 25, in the configuration shown in FIG. 11, the direction of movement in the Y direction (graph indicated by a triangle) has a large drop in characteristics compared to the case of movement in the X direction (graph indicated by a diamond). However, in the case of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 17, the characteristic changes are substantially the same regardless of the moving direction, as indicated by circles and squares. For this reason, in 1st Embodiment, since it becomes the same characteristic change irrespective of a moving direction, the freedom degree of installation of the coupler 310 for power transmission and the coupler 320 for power reception can be improved. Further, when compared with the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is possible to extend the transmission distance of power.

(C) Description of Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Hereinafter, after describing the basic configuration of the second embodiment, the second embodiment will be described in detail.

  FIG. 27 is a diagram for describing a configuration example serving as a basis of the second embodiment. In FIG. 27, the direction connecting the opposing vertices of the two electrodes 411 and 412 is the Y axis, and the center of the opposing vertices of the two electrodes 411 and 412 is the origin, and the two electrodes 411 and 412 are facing each other. The direction connecting the center of the vertex and the center of the opposing vertex of the two electrodes 421 and 422 is taken as the Z axis. The coordinate axis in the figure shows only the direction. 27A shows a perspective view, and FIG. 27B shows a front view from the positive direction of the Z-axis. In the example shown in FIG. 27, the power transmission coupler 410 is arranged such that the electrodes 411 and 412 having a triangular shape with a base length of L2 and a height of L1 are spaced apart from each other by a distance d1. In addition, inductors 413 and 414 are connected to each of the opposing vertices. The total width D including the distance d1 between the electrode 411 and the electrode 412 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π when the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes is λ. . Similarly, the power receiving coupler 420 is arranged such that the electrodes 421 and 422 having a triangular shape with a base length of L2 and a height of L1 are arranged to face each other with a distance d1 therebetween. Inductors 423 and 424 are connected to each of the apexes. The total width D including the distance d1 between the electrode 421 and the electrode 422 is set to be narrower than the near field indicated by λ / 2π when the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes is λ. . The inductors 413 and 414 are connected to the AC power generating unit 17 via connection lines (not shown), and the inductors 423 and 424 are connected to the load 27 via connection lines (not shown).

  FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of the inductors 413 and 414 included in the power transmission coupler 410. As shown in FIG. 28 (A), the inductors 413 and 414 are constituted by, for example, a coil having a diameter of 21 mm, a width of 13.4 mm, a number of turns N = 13, and an impedance at a transmission frequency of 0.5Ω. 54 mm apart. As shown in FIG. 28B, one end 413a of the inductor 413 is connected to the electrode 411, and the other end 413b is connected to the AC power generation unit 17 through a connection line (not shown). One end 414a of the inductor 414 is connected to the electrode 412, and the other end 414b is connected to the AC power generating unit 17 through a connection line (not shown).

  FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating frequency characteristics of the transmission efficiency η21 in the configuration example illustrated in FIG. At this time, D = 406 mm, L1 = 180.8 mm, d1 = 44.4 mm, L2 = 361.6 mm, and d2 = 330 mm. As shown in FIG. 29, the configuration example shown in FIG. 27 has a transmission efficiency of 92% at the resonance frequency.

  FIG. 30 to FIG. 34 are diagrams illustrating the time of an electric field of one cycle when an AC voltage is applied to the configuration example shown in FIG. FIG. 30 shows the electric field distribution when the phase of the AC power is 0 degree, and FIGS. 31 to 34 show the electric field distributions of 45 degree, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, and 180 degrees, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 30 to 34, the direction of the electric field generated between the power transmission coupler 410 and the power reception coupler 420 shown in FIG. 27 changes with time, but from one of the two electrodes. The direction changes linearly from the other to the other.

  FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 35, the direction connecting the opposing vertices of the two electrodes 511 and 512 is the Y axis, and the center of the opposing vertices of the two electrodes 511 and 512 is the origin, and the two electrodes 511 and 512 are opposed to each other. The direction connecting the center of the apex and the centers of the opposing apexes of the two electrodes 521 and 522 is taken as the Z axis. The coordinate axis in the figure shows only the direction. 35A shows a perspective view, and FIG. 35B shows a front view from the positive direction of the Z-axis. In the example illustrated in FIG. 35, the power transmission coupler 510 is configured by combining two sets of one set of electrodes that have the basic configuration illustrated in FIG. That is, the power transmission coupler 510 is arranged so that the apexes of two electrodes 511 and 512, which are the first pair of electrodes having a triangular shape with a base length of L2 and a height of L1, face each other with a distance d1 therebetween. Similarly, the two electrodes 515 and 516, which are the second pair of electrodes having a triangular shape with a base length of L2 and a height of L1, are arranged so that the vertices face each other with a distance d1 therebetween. In addition, the electrodes 511 and 512 are arranged in a state of being rotated around the Z axis by a predetermined angle (90 degrees in this example). In addition, inductors 513 and 514 are connected to the vertices of the electrodes 511 and 512, and inductors 517 and 518 are connected to the vertices of the electrodes 515 and 516. The total width D including the distance d1 between the electrodes 511 and 512 and the total width D including the distance d1 between the electrodes 515 and 516 are λ / 2π where λ is the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes. It is set to be narrower than the shown near field. Similarly, the power receiving coupler 520 is arranged so that the apexes of two electrodes 521 and 522, which are a third set of electrodes having a triangular shape with a base length of L2 and a height of L1, are separated by a distance d1. Similarly, two electrodes 525 and 526, which are a fourth set of electrodes having a triangular shape with a base length of L2 and a height of L1, are arranged so that the vertices face each other with a distance d1 therebetween. In addition, the electrodes 521 and 522 are arranged in a state of being rotated around the Z axis by a predetermined angle (90 degrees in this example). In addition, inductors 523 and 524 are connected to the vertices of the electrodes 521 and 522, and inductors 527 and 528 are connected to the vertices of the electrodes 525 and 526. The total width D including the distance d1 between the electrode 521 and the electrode 522 and the total width D including the distance d1 between the electrode 525 and the electrode 526 are λ / 2π when the wavelength of the electric field radiated from these electrodes is λ. It is set to be narrower than the shown near field. Inductors 513 and 514 are connected to Port 2 of the power distribution unit shown in FIG. 18 via a connection line (not shown), and inductors 517 and 518 are connected to Port 3 of the power distribution unit shown in FIG. 18 via a connection line (not shown). Is done. Inductors 523 and 524 are connected to Port 2 of the power combiner having the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 18 via a connection line (not shown), and inductors 527 and 528 have the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 18 via a connection line (not shown). It is connected to Port 3 of the power combiner.

  FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of the inductors 513, 514, 517, and 518 included in the power transmission coupler 510. As shown in FIG. 36 (A), the inductors 513 and 514 are constituted by a coil having a diameter of 21 mm, a length of 13.4 mm, the number of turns N = 13, and an impedance at a transmission frequency of 0.5Ω, and a distance of 10.54 mm Are arranged apart from each other. As shown in FIG. 36B, one end of the inductor 513 is connected to the electrode 511, and the other end is connected to a connection line (not shown). One end of the inductor 514 is connected to the electrode 512, and the other end is connected to a connection line (not shown). As shown in FIG. 36A, an inductor 517 (and an inductor 518 (not shown)) is disposed below the inductors 513 and 514 (downward in the drawing). Note that the inductor 517 and the inductor 518 have the same configuration as the inductors 513 and 514. As shown in FIG. 36B, one end of the inductor 517 is connected to the electrode 515, and the other end is connected to a connection line (not shown). One end of the inductor 518 is connected to the electrode 516, and the other end is connected to a connection line (not shown).

  FIG. 37 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of the transmission efficiency η21 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. At this time, D = 363 mm, L1 = 165.8 mm, d1 = 44.4 mm, L2 = 331.6 mm, and d2 = 266 mm. As shown in FIG. 37, the second embodiment shown in FIG. 35 has a transmission efficiency of 94% at the resonance frequency.

  38 to 42 are diagrams illustrating the time of an electric field of one cycle when an AC voltage is applied to the second embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 38 shows the electric field distribution when the phase of the AC power is 0 degrees, and FIGS. 39 to 42 show the electric field distributions of 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, and 180 degrees, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 38 to 42, the direction of the electric field generated between the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 shown in FIG. 35 changes with time. More specifically, it can be seen that a dark portion having a high electric field strength rotates around the Z-axis as time passes. That is, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 35, the electric field generated between the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 is an electric field that rotates according to the frequency of the AC power.

  43A is a diagram illustrating a state where the power receiving coupler 420 illustrated in FIG. 27 is rotated by φ with respect to the power transmitting coupler 410 about the Z-axis direction, and FIG. 43B is illustrated in FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a power receiving coupler 520 is rotated by φ with respect to a power transmitting coupler 510 about the Z-axis direction. FIG. 44 is a diagram showing the relationship between the peak of transmission efficiency and the rotation angle in the configuration example shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 43A, the transmission efficiency decreases when the rotation angle exceeds 30 degrees, and the transmission efficiency becomes 0% at 90 degrees. Further, if it exceeds 90 degrees, the transmission efficiency increases, and it becomes 90% at 140 degrees. FIG. 45 is a diagram showing the relationship between the peak of transmission efficiency and the rotation angle in the configuration example shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 43B, the peak of the transmission efficiency does not change depending on the rotation angle, and 90% or more is maintained. From the above, in the second embodiment, the transmission efficiency does not change depending on the rotation angle.

  46A is a diagram illustrating a state where the power receiving coupler 420 illustrated in FIG. 27 is moved in the X-axis direction with respect to the power transmitting coupler 410, and FIG. 46B is a power receiving coupler illustrated in FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which moved 420 to the Y-axis direction with respect to the coupler 410 for power transmission. FIG. 47 is a diagram showing a change in the peak value of transmission efficiency when the power receiving coupler 420 is moved in the X-axis or Y-axis direction as shown in FIG. In this figure, the solid line shows the change in peak value when moved in the X-axis direction, and the broken line shows the change in peak value when moved in the Y-axis direction. From the comparison of these graphs, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 27, the characteristic change differs depending on the moving direction, and the characteristic deterioration is larger when moving in the Y-axis direction. Further, when moving in the Y-axis direction, a “null point” where the transmission efficiency becomes 0 is generated around 300 mm.

  FIG. 48A is a diagram illustrating a state where the power receiving coupler 520 illustrated in FIG. 35 is moved in the X-axis direction with respect to the power transmitting coupler 510, and FIG. 48B is a power receiving coupler illustrated in FIG. 520 is a diagram showing a state in which 520 is moved in the Y-axis direction with respect to power transmission coupler 510. FIG. FIG. 49 is a diagram showing a change in the peak value of transmission efficiency when the power receiving coupler 520 is moved in the X-axis or Y-axis direction as shown in FIG. In this figure, the solid line shows the change in peak value when moved in the X-axis direction, and the broken line shows the change in peak value when moved in the Y-axis direction. From the comparison of these graphs, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 35, the difference in characteristic change depending on the moving direction is small.

  From the above, it can be seen that in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 35, the change when the power receiving coupler 520 is rotationally moved with respect to the power transmitting coupler 510 is small compared to the configuration example shown in FIG. It can also be seen that the difference in change due to the axis when moving in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction is small. Therefore, as compared with the configuration example of FIG. 27, the degree of freedom of arrangement when mounting the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 can be improved. Moreover, the transmission distance of electric power can be extended compared with patent documents. Furthermore, in the second embodiment, since a plate-like electrode is used as compared with the first embodiment, heat dissipation can be improved, so that a large amount of power can be transmitted.

(D) Description of Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. Hereinafter, after describing a basic configuration example of the third embodiment, details of the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 50 is a diagram for explaining the basic configuration of the third embodiment. 50, sub-electrodes 151 and 152 and sub-electrodes 161 and 162 are added to the configuration shown in FIG. Here, the sub-electrode 151 is attached to the back surface of the electrode 11 (the lower surface in FIG. 50) while being separated from the electrode 11 and insulated. As a result, the electrode 11 and the sub electrode 151 face each other, so that a capacitor is formed between them. The sub electrode 152 is attached to the lower surface of the electrode 12 (the lower surface in FIG. 50) while being separated from the electrode 12 and insulated. As a result, the electrode 12 and the sub electrode 152 face each other, so that a capacitor is formed between them. Similarly, the sub-electrodes 161 and 162 are separated from the upper surfaces (upper surfaces in FIG. 50) of the electrodes 21 and 22 and are attached in an insulated state. A capacitor is formed between the electrodes 162. The inductors 13 and 14 are connected to each other, and the connection lines 15 and 16 are connected to the sub-electrodes 151 and 152, respectively. Similarly, the inductors 23 and 24 are connected to each other, and the connection lines 25 and 26 are connected to the sub-electrodes 161 and 162, respectively.

  FIG. 51 is a diagram showing an example of the equivalent circuit of FIG. In FIG. 51, compared to FIG. 2, a capacitor Cs1 is added in series between the AC power generation source 17 and the ground, and a capacitor Cs2 is added in series between the load 27 and the ground. The inductor L and the resistor R associated therewith are connected in parallel to the capacitor C-Cm. In other words, a capacitor is connected in series to a parallel circuit of an inductor and a capacitor.

  FIG. 52 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of the transmission efficiency η21 and the reflection loss η11 of the configuration example shown in FIG. FIG. 53 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of the input impedance Zin of the configuration example shown in FIG. 52 and 53, the resonance frequency f0 = 28 MHz, the inductance values of the inductors 13, 14, 23, and 24 are 3.84 μH, the number of turns is 8, and the resistance value is 0.31Ω. It is assumed that the dimensions of the electrodes 151, 152, 161, 162 are 73 mm × 73 mm, and the relative dielectric constant between the sub-electrodes is 1. As shown in FIG. 52, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 50, the transmission efficiency η21 at 28 MHz, which is the pseudo resonance frequency, is 90%. As shown in FIG. 53, the real part Re of the impedance is 50Ω at 28 MHz to match the characteristic impedance, and the imaginary part Im is 0Ω at 28 MHz. That is, it can be seen that a pseudo series resonance operation is performed at 28 MHz. In this way, the number of components can be reduced by forming capacitors on the substrate using the sub-electrodes 151, 152, 161, 162. In addition, the resonance frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the sub-electrode.

  FIG. 54 shows a configuration example of the third embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment shown in FIG. 54 has the same configuration as the electrode shown in the second embodiment shown in FIG. In the third embodiment, compared to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 35, inductors 513 and 514 are connected to each other, inductors 517 and 518 are connected to each other, inductors 523 and 524 are connected to each other, and inductor 527 is connected to each other. , 528 are connected to each other. Further, sub-electrodes 711 and 712 are provided on the lower surfaces of the electrodes 511 and 512 (the lower surface in FIG. 54), the connection line 713 is connected to the sub-electrode 711, and the connection line 714 is connected to the sub-electrode 712. ing. Sub-electrodes 715 and 716 are provided on the upper surfaces of the electrodes 515 and 516 (the upper surface in FIG. 54), a connection line 717 is connected to the sub-electrode 715, and a connection line 718 is connected to the sub-electrode 716. Further, sub-electrodes 721 and 722 are provided on the upper surfaces of the electrodes 521 and 522 (the upper surface in FIG. 54), a connection line 723 is connected to the sub-electrode 721, and a connection line 724 is connected to the sub-electrode 722. Yes. Sub-electrodes 725 and 726 are provided on the lower surface of the electrodes 525 and 526 (the lower surface in FIG. 54), a connection line 727 is connected to the sub-electrode 725, and a connection line 728 is connected to the sub-electrode 726. . Connection lines 713 and 714 are connected to Port 2 of the power distribution unit shown in FIG. 18, and connection lines 717 and 718 are connected to Port 3. Connection lines 723 and 724 are connected to Port 2 of the power combining unit having the same configuration as that in FIG. 18, and connection lines 727 and 728 are connected to Port 3.

  FIG. 55 is an enlarged view of a part of power reception coupler 620 shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, a right-angled isosceles triangular sub-electrode 721 having a bottom surface length of L3 and a height of L4 is provided on the upper surface of the electrode 521 of the power receiving coupler 620. Note that the sub-electrodes 722, 725, 726 and the sub-electrodes 711, 712, 715, 716 also have the same shape as the sub-electrode 721 and are arranged at the same position on the electrodes.

  FIG. 56 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration when the power transmitting coupler 610 and the power receiving coupler 620 shown in FIG. 54 are viewed from the X-axis positive direction. As shown in FIG. 56, the inductors 513 and 514 of the power transmission coupler 610 are connected to each other. The connection lines 713 and 714 are connected to the sub electrodes 711 and 712, respectively. The inductors 523 and 524 of the power receiving coupler 620 are connected to each other. The connection lines 723 and 724 are connected to the sub electrodes 721 and 722, respectively.

  FIG. 57 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of the transmission efficiency η21 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. In FIG. 57, L1 shown in FIG. 55 is 180.8 mm, L2 is 331.6 mm, L3 is 88.7 mm, L4 is 44.35 mm, d3 is 22.2 mm, D is set to 406 mm. Further, the distance d2 between transmission and reception not shown in FIG. 55 is 230 mm. As shown in FIG. 57, in the third embodiment, the transmission efficiency η21 is 87% at 27.12 MHz.

  58 to 62 are diagrams showing the time of an electric field of one cycle when an AC voltage is applied to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 58 shows the electric field distribution when the phase of the AC power is 0 degree, and FIGS. 59 to 62 show the electric field distributions of 45 degree, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, and 180 degrees, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 58 to 62, the direction of the electric field generated between the power transmitting coupler 610 and the power receiving coupler 620 shown in FIG. 54 changes with time. More specifically, it can be seen that a dark portion having a high electric field strength rotates around the Z-axis as time passes. That is, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 54, the electric field generated between the power transmission coupler 610 and the power reception coupler 620 is an electric field that rotates according to the frequency of the AC power.

  As described above, in the third embodiment of the present invention, since electric power is transmitted by a rotating electric field, the change in transmission characteristics with respect to the rotational deviation of the electrode is reduced, and the X-axis or Y-axis direction is reduced. The difference in transmission characteristics with respect to the linear deviation of the electrodes can be reduced. Thereby, the freedom degree of arrangement | positioning of an electrode can be raised. Moreover, the transmission distance of electric power can be extended compared with patent documents. Furthermore, in the third embodiment, since plate-like electrodes are used as compared with the first embodiment, heat dissipation can be improved, and therefore, high power transmission is possible.

(E) Description of Fourth Embodiment Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 63 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 63, the fourth embodiment has a configuration in which the power transmission coupler 510 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 35 is accommodated in the shielding box 810 and the power receiving coupler 520 is accommodated in the shielding box 820. doing. Here, the shielding box 810 is composed of a conductive plate-like member, the length in the X direction is Lx, the length in the Y direction is Ly, and the length in the Z direction is Lz. Yes. A power transmission coupler 510 is disposed on the upper surface of the shielding box 810. Similarly, the shielding box 820 is formed of a conductive plate-like member, the length in the X direction is Lx, the length in the Y direction is Ly, and the length in the Z direction is Lz. . A power receiving coupler 520 is disposed on the lower surface of the shielding box 820. As described above, by accommodating the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 in the shielding boxes 810 and 820, it is possible to reduce the influence of an object existing around the coupler. For this reason, while increasing the freedom degree at the time of installation of an electric power transmission system, the influence by the object which exists in the periphery can be reduced and the fall of transmission efficiency can be prevented.

  FIG. 64 is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the transmission efficiency of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. In this figure, power transmission coupler 510 and power reception coupler 520 have the same configuration and size as in the second embodiment. The sizes of the shielding boxes 810 and 820 are Lx = 470 mm, Ly = 470 mm, Lz = 133 mm, and d2 = 200 mm. In such a setting, the transmission efficiency η21 = 95% at a frequency of 25.7 MHz.

  FIG. 65 to FIG. 69 are diagrams showing the time of an electric field of one cycle when an AC voltage is applied to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 65 shows the electric field distribution when the phase of the AC power is 0 degrees, and FIGS. 66 to 69 show the electric field distributions of 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, and 180 degrees, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 65 to 69, the direction of the electric field generated between the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 shown in FIG. 63 changes with time. More specifically, it can be seen that a dark portion having a high electric field strength rotates around the Z-axis as time passes. That is, in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 63, the electric field generated between the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 is an electric field that rotates according to the frequency of the AC power. Further, in the fourth embodiment, compared with the second embodiment, since the electric field range is narrow, the influence of an object arranged around the electrode can be further reduced.

  As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be expected, and by using the shielding boxes 810 and 820, the influence of objects existing around the electrodes can be expected. Can be reduced. For this reason, the freedom degree of arrangement | positioning of an electrode can be raised.

(F) Description of Fifth Embodiment Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 70 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 70, the fifth embodiment has a configuration in which the power transmission coupler 610 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 54 is accommodated in the shielding box 810 and the power receiving coupler 620 is accommodated in the shielding box 820. doing. Here, the shielding box 810 is composed of a conductive plate-like member, the length in the X direction is Lx, the length in the Y direction is Ly, and the length in the Z direction is Lz. Yes. A power transmission coupler 610 is disposed on the upper surface portion of the shielding box 810. Similarly, the shielding box 820 is formed of a conductive plate-like member, the length in the X direction is Lx, the length in the Y direction is Ly, and the length in the Z direction is Lz. . A power receiving coupler 620 is disposed on the lower surface of the shielding box 820. In this way, by accommodating the power transmission coupler 610 and the power reception coupler 620 in the shielding boxes 810 and 820, as described above, it is possible to reduce the influence of objects existing around the coupler. For this reason, while increasing the freedom degree at the time of installation of an electric power transmission system, the influence by the object which exists in the periphery can be reduced and the fall of transmission efficiency can be prevented.

  71 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of transmission efficiency of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. In this figure, the power transmission coupler 610 and the power reception coupler 620 have the same configuration and size as in the third embodiment. The sizes of the shielding boxes 810 and 820 are Lx = 470 mm, Ly = 470 mm, Lz = 133 mm, and d2 = 180 mm. In such a setting, the transmission efficiency η21 = 88% is obtained at a frequency of 26.85 MHz.

  72 to 76 are diagrams showing the time of an electric field of one cycle when an AC voltage is applied to the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 72 shows the electric field distribution when the phase of the AC power is 0 degrees, and FIGS. 73 to 76 show the electric field distributions of 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, and 180 degrees, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 72 to 76, the direction of the electric field generated between the power transmission coupler 610 and the power reception coupler 620 shown in FIG. 70 changes with time. More specifically, it can be seen that a dark portion having a high electric field strength rotates around the Z-axis as time passes. That is, in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 70, the electric field generated between the power transmission coupler 610 and the power reception coupler 620 is an electric field that rotates according to the frequency of the AC power. Further, in the fifth embodiment, compared with the second embodiment, since the range of the electric field is narrow, the influence of an object arranged around the electrode can be reduced.

  As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, the same effect as that of the third embodiment can be expected, and by using the shielding boxes 810 and 820, the influence of objects existing around the electrodes can be expected. Can be reduced. For this reason, the freedom degree of arrangement | positioning of an electrode can be raised.

(G) Description of Sixth Embodiment Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 77 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 77, in the sixth embodiment, a relay coupler 900 is arranged between the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. Here, the relay coupler 900 includes electrodes 901, 902, 905, and 906 having shapes and sizes similar to those of the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520. The electrodes 901 and 902 constitute a fifth set electrode, and the electrodes 905 and 906 constitute a sixth set electrode. One end of the inductor 903 shown in FIG. 35 is connected to the electrode 901, and the other end is connected to the other end of the inductor 904. One end of the inductor 904 is connected to the electrode 902, and the other end is connected to the other end of the inductor 903. One end of the inductor 907 is connected to the electrode 905, and the other end is connected to the other end of the inductor 908. One end of the inductor 908 is connected to the electrode 906, and the other end is connected to the other end of the inductor 907. That is, in the sixth embodiment, the inductors 903 and 904 are connected to each other, and the inductors 907 and 908 are connected to each other. In FIG. 77, two inductors 903 and 904 are used, but these may be used as one inductor. The same applies to the inductors 907 and 908.

  FIG. 78 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of the transmission efficiency η21 of the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. In the example of this figure, the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 are the same size as in the second embodiment. Further, the relay coupler 900 is also the same size as the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520. Further, d2 = 266 mm, and the distance (= d2 × 2) between the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 is set to be twice the distance when the relay coupler 900 is not used. In such a setting, the transmission efficiency η21 = 91% at a frequency of 27.12 MHz.

  79 to 83 are diagrams showing the time of an electric field of one cycle when an AC voltage is applied to the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 79 shows the electric field distribution when the phase of the AC power is 0 degrees, and FIGS. 80 to 83 show the electric field distributions of 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, and 180 degrees, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 79 to 83, the direction of the electric field generated between the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 shown in FIG. 77 changes with time. More specifically, it can be seen that a dark portion having a high electric field strength rotates around the Z-axis as time passes. That is, in the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 77, the electric field generated between the power transmission coupler 510 and the power reception coupler 520 is an electric field that rotates according to the frequency of the AC power. It can also be seen that the electric field between the power transmission coupler 510 and the relay coupler 900 and the electric field between the power reception coupler 520 and the relay coupler 900 are 90 degrees out of phase.

  As described above, in the sixth embodiment, not only can the same effect as in the second embodiment be obtained, but also by using the relay coupler 900, power can be transmitted without reducing the transmission efficiency η21. It becomes possible to extend the distance to do.

(C) Description of Modified Embodiment It goes without saying that the above embodiment is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited to the case described above. For example, in each of the above embodiments, the electrodes of the power transmission coupler, the power reception coupler, and the relay coupler have the same size, but they may have different sizes.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, the phase difference of the power supplied to the power transmission coupler is set to 90 degrees, and the phase difference of the power having the phase difference of 90 degrees received by the power reception coupler is set to 0 degrees. Therefore, although the ideal distribution circuit shown in FIG. 18 is used, for example, the phase difference may be adjusted by the electrical length of the connection line. Specifically, for example, the phase difference can be adjusted by using connection lines having different electrical lengths by ¼λ.

  FIG. 84 shows another configuration example of the distributor. The power distributing unit distributes the power output from the AC power generating unit 17 and supplies the power to the power transmission coupler 310 shown in FIG. 17 while shifting the phase. A configuration example is shown. In the configuration example shown in FIG. 84, the AC power generation unit 17 is connected to the Port 1 side of the circuit in which the inductor Lc and the capacitors Ca and Cb are connected in a π type, and the inductors 313 and 314 are connected to the Port 2 side. Further, a dummy resistor Z0 is connected to the Port4 side of the circuit in which the inductor Ld and the capacitors Cc and Cd are connected in a π-type, and inductors 317 and 318 are connected to the Port3 side. Further, a connection portion between the capacitor Ca and the inductor Lc is connected to a connection portion between the capacitor Cc and the inductor Ld via the inductor La, and a connection portion between the capacitor Cb and the inductor Lc is a connection portion between the capacitor Cd and the inductor Ld via the inductor Lb. It is connected to the. The table shown at the bottom of FIG. 84 shows an example of element values of elements used. In this example, the design frequency f is 27.12 MHz, the impedance Z0 is 50Ω, the capacitors Ca, Cb, Cc, and Cd are all 283 pF, the inductors La and Lb are both 293 nH, and the inductors Lc and Ld are Both are set to 207 nH.

  85 and 86 are diagrams showing the frequency characteristics of the S parameter of the power distribution unit shown in FIG. FIG. 86 shows the phase characteristics of S11, S21, and S31. Here, S11 represents the reflection loss of Port1, S21 represents the insertion loss from Port1 to Port2, and S31 represents the insertion loss from Port1 to Port3. As shown in FIG. 85, when S21 indicated by the alternate long and short dash line is compared with S31 indicated by the broken line, the phase difference is approximately 90 degrees at the frequency f (= 27.12 MHz) of the power to be transmitted. FIG. 86 shows the amplitude characteristics of S11, S21, and S31. As shown in FIG. 86, when S21 indicated by the alternate long and short dash line is compared with S31 indicated by the broken line, the amplitude is substantially the same (equal amplitude) at the frequency f (= 27.12 MHz) of the power to be transmitted. . For this reason, the power supplied from the AC power generator 17 to Port 1 is supplied to the inductors 313 and 314 and the inductors 317 and 318 as power having the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees.

  A power combiner having the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 84 is also connected to reception coupler 320 shown in FIG. That is, in the power combiner, a load 27 is connected to Port 1 shown in FIG. 84 instead of the AC power generator 17, inductors 323 and 324 are connected to Port 2, and inductors 327 and 328 are connected to Port 3. . The electric power received by the electrodes 321 and 322 and the electrodes 325 and 326 has a phase difference of 90 degrees, but is synthesized after the phase difference is adjusted to 0 by the power synthesis unit and supplied to the load 27. .

  The operation of this embodiment is the same as when an ideal distribution circuit is applied. However, since the band for operation with equal distribution and 90 ° phase difference is limited, it is desirable to design parameters such as capacitance and inductance in accordance with a predetermined operating frequency.

  In each of the above embodiments, the electrode has a cylindrical shape or a triangular shape, but may have a shape other than this. For example, it may be polygonal, circular, or elliptical. Alternatively, it may be a curved or bent shape instead of a flat plate shape, or a three-dimensional shape such as a spherical shape.

  Further, in the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 77, the power transmission coupler, the power reception coupler, and the relay coupler having the same shape as those of the second embodiment are used. A power transmission coupler, a power reception coupler, and a relay coupler having the same shape as the third embodiment may be used.

  In each of the above embodiments, the phase difference between the electrodes is set to 90 degrees. However, since a rotating electric field only needs to be generated, the phase difference may be other than 90 degrees. In the above embodiments, the power is divided into two equal parts, but there may be some difference.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, a total of two inductors are inserted between the electrode and the connection line, but may be inserted into at least one of the electrode and the connection line.

  In the above embodiment, the inductor is configured by winding a conductor wire in a cylindrical shape. For example, the inductor has a shape meandering on a plane as used in a microstrip line. Further, it may be configured by a spiral shape on a plane.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric power transmission system 10 Power transmission apparatus 11,12 Electrode 13,14 Inductor 15,16 Connection line 17 AC power generation part 20 Power receiving apparatus 21,22 Electrode 23,24 Inductor 25,26 Connection line 27 Load 110,210,310,410 , 510, 610 Transmission coupler 111, 112, 311, 312, 315, 316, 321, 322, 325, 326, 511, 512, 515, 516, 521, 522, 525, 526 Electrode 113, 114, 313, 314 , 317,318,323,324,327,328,513,514,517,518,523,524,527,528 inductor 115,116,125,126,713,714,717,718,723,724,727 , 728 Connection line 118,128 Circuit board 120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620 Power receiving coupler 711, 712, 715, 716, 721, 722, 725, 726 Sub electrode 810, 820 Shielding box 900 Relay coupler

Claims (4)

In a power transmission system that transmits AC power from a power transmission device to a power reception device,
The power transmission device is:
A first set of electrodes disposed at a predetermined distance and having a total width including the predetermined distance of λ / 2π or less, which is a near field;
The first set electrode is arranged to be rotated by a predetermined angle, and is arranged at a predetermined distance like the first set electrode, and the total width including the predetermined distance is a near field. a second set of electrodes having a length of λ / 2π or less;
Supply means for supplying alternating current power having a phase difference to the first assembled electrode and the second assembled electrode;
A first inductor inserted between at least one of the supply means and the first assembled electrode;
A second inductor inserted between the supply means and at least one of the second assembled electrodes;
The power receiving device is:
A third set of electrodes arranged at a predetermined distance and having a total width including the predetermined distance of λ / 2π or less that is a near field;
The third set electrode is arranged to be rotated by a predetermined angle, is arranged at a predetermined distance like the third set electrode, and the total width including the predetermined distance is a near field. a set of fourth electrodes having a length of λ / 2π or less;
Output means for matching the phase of the AC power received by the third set electrode and the fourth set electrode;
A third inductor inserted between at least one of the output means and the third assembled electrode;
A fourth inductor inserted between the output means and at least one of the fourth assembled electrodes;
A power transmission system, wherein power is transmitted between the power transmission device and the power reception device by a rotating electric field.   The power transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the first to fourth assembled electrodes are configured by flat-plate electrodes. The first and second assembled electrodes are disposed in a conductive shielding box, and the third and fourth assembled electrodes are similarly disposed in a conductive shielding box. The power transmission system according to claim 1 or 2. A relay device disposed between the power transmission device and the power reception device;
The relay device
A fifth set of electrodes arranged at a predetermined distance and having a total width including the predetermined distance of λ / 2π or less that is a near field;
The fifth set electrode is arranged to be rotated by a predetermined angle, and is arranged at a predetermined distance like the fifth set electrode, and the total width including the predetermined distance is the near field. a set of sixth electrodes having a length of λ / 2π or less;
A fifth inductor for connecting one set of electrodes constituting the fifth set electrode;
4. The power transmission system according to claim 1, further comprising: a sixth inductor that connects one set of electrodes constituting the sixth set electrode. 5.

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