JP6386359B2 - Operating room air conditioning system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an operating room air conditioning system that air-conditions an operating room to an ideal temperature environment for patients and practitioners.

As is well known, air conditioning in the operating room is always clean by aspirating fresh air from the outside, passing through a Hepa filter and blowing it out to the operating room, and keeping the air pressure inside the operating room at a positive pressure relative to the outside. Is to be retained.
By the way, an operating table is generally installed in the center of the operating room, and surgery is performed with several operating personnel such as doctors and nurses surrounding the operating table. Since the body temperature is difficult to dissipate, the number of ME devices installed in the operating room is very large, and the amount of heat released from these devices is so large that it is cooled by the air conditioner. Even so, many practitioners often feel hot. On the other hand, patients who are lying on the operating table often feel cold because they are exposed to heat and heat is easily released. In some cases, hypothermia may occur. In that case, there is a problem in that the immunity is lowered and postoperative recovery is delayed.

  In order to solve this problem of air conditioning in the operating room, the operating room shown in Patent Document 1 below is provided with a clean air local supply means for locally blowing clean air toward the operating table, and at the same time. Radiant cooling / heating means (i.e., radiation panel) is provided on the wall of the patient to cool and heat the practitioners such as doctors and nurses by the radiant heat.

Japanese Patent No. 4750058

However, as shown in Patent Document 1, by providing radiant cooling and heating means on the wall of the operating room, even if the temperature of the radiant panel is set low, the cooling effect for the practitioner cannot be sufficiently obtained. There's a problem. In short, the radiant cooling / heating means has a problem that the cooling ability is particularly limited, so that it cannot sufficiently meet the demands of the practitioner. For this reason, there is no choice but to lower the temperature setting of the air conditioner in the operating room so that the cool air sufficiently hits the practitioner, and in the end, the patient is unnecessarily cooled.
The present invention is intended to solve such problems.

  Therefore, the operating room air conditioning system according to the present invention is provided with a patient outlet for blowing warm air toward the patient on the ceiling surface directly above the operating table, and directed to the practitioner on both sides of the patient outlet on the ceiling surface. Providing an outlet for the practitioner that blows out cold air, the opening area of each outlet for the practitioner is set to be narrower than the opening area of the outlet for the patient, and the operating room is provided on both outer sides of the outlet for the practitioner. A chamber wall outlet that blows out cold air horizontally along the ceiling surface is provided, an air inlet that sucks air in the operating room is provided at the lower part of the wall surface of the operating room, and the The blowing speed is set to be faster than the blowing speed of the warm air blown from the patient outlet.

  According to the present invention, the operating room can be air-conditioned in a comfortable environment for patients and practitioners.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the operating room which concerns on this invention. The layout of the blower outlet in the operating room air conditioning system which concerns on this invention. The table | surface which showed the attribute of each blower outlet of the operating room air conditioning system which concerns on this invention. The layout which showed other embodiment of the blower outlet in the operating room air conditioning system which concerns on this invention.

  Next, an operating room air conditioning system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the operating room 1 is a space surrounded by a floor surface 2, a ceiling surface 3, and a wall surface 4, and an operating table 5 is installed substantially at the center of the floor surface 2. A patient 6 lies on the operating table 5, and surgery is performed by several practitioners 7 disposed on both sides of the operating table 5.

The ceiling surface 3 of the operating room 1 is provided with a patient outlet 10 for blowing warm air of 26 ° C. or more toward the patient 6 so as to be directly above the operating table 5. FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of the patient outlet 10 and the outlets located around it. The patient outlet 10 is formed by arranging three chambers 10 a, 10 b, and 10 c in the ceiling surface 3 in a straight line along the longitudinal direction of the operating table 5. The air outlets of the chambers 10a, 10b, and 10c have a rectangular shape with a short side length of about 700 mm and a long side length of about 850 mm, and the opening area of the patient-side air outlet 10 is the three chambers 10a. , 10b and 10c are 1.785 m ² in total. Note that a louver (rectifying plate) is provided at the outlet of each of the chambers 10a, 10b, and 10c to guide the warm air directly below.

Further, practitioner outlets 11 and 11 ′ for blowing cool air of 20 ° C. or less toward the practitioner 7 are provided on both sides of the patient outlet 10. The air outlets 11 and 11 'for the practitioner are linearly formed in the ceiling surface 3 so that three chambers 11a, 11b, 11c, 11a', 11b ', and 11c' are adjacent to the chambers 10a, 10b, and 10c. It is configured by arranging them side by side. The air outlets of the chambers 11a, 11c, 11a 'and 11c' have a rectangular shape with a short side length of about 570 mm and a long side length of about 850 mm, and the air outlets of the chambers 11b and 11b 'are short. It has a rectangular shape with a side length of about 540 mm and a long side length of about 850 mm. A louver (rectifying plate) is provided at the outlet of each of the chambers 11a, 11b, 11c, 11a ', 11b', and 11c 'for guiding the cold air to be blown directly down.
The opening areas of the practitioner outlets 11 and 11 'are 1.310 m ² for both the chambers 11a, 11b and 11c and the chambers 11a', 11b 'and 11c' as shown in the table of FIG. Thus, the opening area of each practitioner outlet 11 is smaller than the opening area of the patient outlet 10.

On the other hand, the chamber wall outlets 12, 12 'are provided with chambers 12a, 12b, 12a', 12b 'outside the chambers 11a and 11c and outside the chambers 11a' and 11c '. By providing the deflecting plates 14 and 14 ′ at the air outlet, cold air of 20 ° C. or less is blown out horizontally along the ceiling surface 3 of the operating room 1. The chamber wall outlet 12, 12 ′ is formed in a laterally slit shape having a width of about 25 mm and a length of about 850 mm by providing the deflecting plate 14. The opening area of the chamber wall outlet 12, 12 ′ As shown in FIG. 3, both are 0.222 m ² .

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, intake ports 13 a and 13 b are opened at the lower part of the wall surface 4 of the operating room 1, and the cooling / heating coil 20, the electric heater 21, and the blower fan 22 are formed outside the wall surface 4. A cooling / heating unit 23a and a cooling / heating unit 23b are provided, and the blower fan 22 of one cooling / heating unit 23a and the chambers 10a, 10b, 10c are communicated with each other by a duct 25a, and the blower fan 22 of the other cooling / heating unit 23b and the chamber 11a. , 11b, 11c, 11a ′, 11b ′, 11c ′ are communicated with each other by a duct 25b, and the air blower 22 of the cooling / heating units 23a, 23b is operated to suck the air in the operating room 1 from the air inlet 13. When the air passes through the cooling / heating coil 20 and the electric heater 21, the predetermined temperature is set. The cooling / heating unit 23a supplies warm air to the chambers 10a, 10b, 10c, and the cooling / heating unit 23b supplies cool air to the chambers 11a, 11b, 11c, 11a ', 11b', 11c '. To be paid.

Then, warm air of, for example, 26 ° C. or more is blown out from the patient outlet 10 at an outlet speed of 0.23 m / s and an outlet amount of 1500 m ³ / h, and is 20 ° C. or less from the practitioner outlets 11, 11 ′. Cold air is blown out at a blowout speed of 0.27 m / s and a blowout amount of 1283 m ³ / h. For example, cold air of 20 ° C. or lower is blown out from the outlets 12 and 12 ′ toward the wall wall at a blowout speed of 1.42 m / s and a blowout amount of 217 m. ^It blows out at ³ / h.

  Thus, it sets so that the blowing speed of the cool air blown out from the practitioner outlet 11 becomes faster than the blowing speed of the warm air blown out from the patient outlet 10. Moreover, as shown in the table of FIG. 3, the amount of warm air blown from the patient outlet 10 should be larger than the amount of cool air blown from the practitioner outlets 11 and 11 ′. . Further, the temperature of the cold air and the warm air is fed back to the patient by feeding back signals from temperature sensors provided at the patient outlet 10 and the practitioner outlets 11 and 11 'to the cooling / heating unit 23a and the cooling / heating unit 23b. The warm air blown out from the air outlet 10 is controlled to be always higher than the cold air blown out from the air outlet 11 for the practitioner. Each of the air outlets is provided with a filter for cleaning the warm air and cold air in a sterile state.

  Note that the blowout speed and the blowout amount of the cold air from the blowout outlets 12 and 12 'toward the room wall are not related to the blowout speed setting and the blowout amount setting at the patient blowout opening 10 and the practitioner outlets 11 and 11'. Can be set independently.

In the operating room air conditioning system configured as described above, a large amount of warm air is blown out from the wide patient outlet 10 immediately above the operating table 5 at a low speed, so that the patient during the operation is warmed. That is, even if cold air is blown out from the practitioner outlets 11 and 11 ′ on both sides, a larger amount of warm air than the cold air is blown out from the patient outlet 10, so that the warm air reaches the patient 6 during the operation. Since the warm air is blown out at a low speed, there is little convection in the vicinity of the patient 6, and since the rate of removing the heat of vaporization from the skin of the patient 6 is small, the patient 6 is warmed. For this reason, the bad influence by hypothermia during an operation can be prevented.
On the other hand, the cold air is blown to the practitioner 7 at high speed from the blowout openings 11 and 11 ′ for the practitioner narrower than the blowout opening 10 for the patient. Since the sweater actively evaporates and feels a large amount of vaporization heat from the feeling practitioner 7, a remarkable cooling effect is obtained, and the body temperature of the practitioner is lowered. For this reason, the practitioner can continue the operation comfortably without feeling the heat as before.

The temperature of the warm air blown from the patient outlet 10 and the temperature of the cool air blown from the practitioner outlets 11 and 11 'and the chamber wall outlets 12 and 12' are appropriately set according to the indoor conditions. However, the amount of warm air blown out from the patient outlet 10 is set so that the amount of cool air blown out from the practitioner outlets 11 and 11 'is set so that the warm air can reach the patient 6 during surgery more reliably. be able to.
Then, the warm air and cold air blown out from the patient outlet 10 and the practitioner outlets 11 and 11 ′ descend to the floor 2 of the operating room 1 and are sucked into the intake ports 13 a and 13 b, and again. Circulates within the operating room 1.

Further, the cold air blown out from the outlets 12 and 12 ′ toward the room wall flows along the ceiling surface 3 of the operating room 1, cools the ceiling surface 3, and then descends along the wall surface 4 of the operating room 1, The air is sucked into the intake ports 13a and 13b and recirculated. In this way, the ceiling surface 3 and the wall surface 4 are cooled by providing the air outlets 12 and 12 ′ toward the wall and blowing out the cool air. For this reason, the temperature of the ceiling surface 3 and the wall surface 4 is lowered, and it is possible to prevent the radiation temperature heat from being radiated from the ceiling surface 3 and the wall surface 4 to the practitioner 7 or to reduce the radiation temperature heat from being radiated.
In addition, if cold air is blown out from the air outlets 12 and 12 ′ toward the room wall in the preparation stage before the operation, and the temperature of the ceiling surface 3 and the wall surface 4 is sufficiently lowered in advance, the ceiling surface 3 and the wall surface 4. Radiantly cools the practitioner during the operation, the practitioner facing the ceiling surface 3 and the wall surface 4 is directly exposed to the cold air blown out from the blow outlets 11 and 11 'for the practitioner, Due to the cooling effect of both the radiant cooling, the operation can be continued in a comfortable environment even in the hot season.

  On the other hand, FIG. 4 is an arrangement view of the air outlet showing another embodiment of the operating room air conditioning system according to the present invention. In this embodiment, not only on both sides of the chambers 10a, 10b, and 10c but also on both ends. The chambers 16 a and 16 b are provided, and the direction change plate 17 is provided at the outlet of the chambers 16 a and 16 b, and cold air of 20 ° C. or less is also horizontally distributed along the ceiling surface 3 of the operating room 1 from the chamber wall outlet 16. I try to blow out. In this way, by allowing the cold air to blow out in all directions along the ceiling surface 3, the ceiling surface 3 and the wall surface 4 of the operating room 1 can be cooled more efficiently.

  The warm air blown out from the patient-facing air outlet 10 is heated by the electric heater 21 after being cooled by the cooling / heating coil 20 of the cooling / warming unit 23a, so that the humidity is higher than that of the cold air blown out from the air outlets 11, 11 'for the practitioner. Since it becomes relatively low, it is effective in preventing the practitioner's glasses, scope, etc. from fogging during surgery.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Operating room 2 Floor surface 3 Ceiling surface 4 Wall surface 5 Operating table 6 Patient 7 Operator 10 Patient outlet 11,11 'Operator outlet 12,12', 16 Room wall outlet 13a, 13b Air inlet 23a , 23b Cooling / heating unit 25a, 25b Duct

Claims (1)

  Provide a patient outlet for blowing warm air toward the patient on the ceiling surface directly above the operating table, and provide a practitioner outlet for blowing cold air to the practitioner on both sides of the patient outlet on the ceiling surface, A chamber in which the opening area of each practitioner outlet is set to be narrower than the opening area of the patient outlet, and cool air is blown horizontally along the ceiling surface of the operating room on both outer sides of the practitioner outlet A wall outlet is provided, and an air inlet for sucking air in the operating room is provided at the lower wall of the operating room. An operating room air conditioning system that is set to be faster than the blowing speed.

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