JP6368955B2 - 液晶配向処理剤、液晶配向膜および液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
液晶配向処理剤、液晶配向膜および液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6368955B2 JP6368955B2 JP2015502996A JP2015502996A JP6368955B2 JP 6368955 B2 JP6368955 B2 JP 6368955B2 JP 2015502996 A JP2015502996 A JP 2015502996A JP 2015502996 A JP2015502996 A JP 2015502996A JP 6368955 B2 JP6368955 B2 JP 6368955B2
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 389
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims description 136
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- -1 diamine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 110
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- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 107
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 75
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 57
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 14
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- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
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- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
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- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- VPVSTMAPERLKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycoluril Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC2NC(=O)NC21 VPVSTMAPERLKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004955 1,4-cyclohexylene group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
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- BDJSOPWXYLFTNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-methoxypropanoate Chemical compound COCCC(=O)OC BDJSOPWXYLFTNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940057867 methyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CWKLZLBVOJRSOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl pyruvate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=O CWKLZLBVOJRSOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHBRUUFBSBSTHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-(3-trimethoxysilylpropylamino)ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCNCCN NHBRUUFBSBSTHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URMCFMOUMIWRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl]ethane-1,2-diamine;n'-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCNCCN.CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN URMCFMOUMIWRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dioctyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIBWSLLLJZULCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)aniline Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 LIBWSLLLJZULCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBJFYLLAMSZSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)aniline Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 KBJFYLLAMSZSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRLVKWBBFWKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-3-triethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCNCC1=CC=CC=C1 ILRLVKWBBFWKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLYWMXVFAMGARU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCC1=CC=CC=C1 CLYWMXVFAMGARU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017144 n-butyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLAPPGSPBNVTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C(O)=O OLAPPGSPBNVTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKBVMLGZPNDWJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=C(N)C2=C1 OKBVMLGZPNDWJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQSABULTKYLFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1N KQSABULTKYLFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=C2C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOGZBMRXLADNEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-diamine Chemical compound C1=C(N)C=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 GOGZBMRXLADNEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBJPJUGOYJOSLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,7-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 HBJPJUGOYJOSLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane-1,9-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCN SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetane Chemical compound C1COC1 AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OURNLUUIQWKTRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxirane;phenol Chemical compound C1CO1.OC1=CC=CC=C1.OC1=CC=CC=C1 OURNLUUIQWKTRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C3=CC=C2C(=O)O FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)O ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCMFJIHDWDKYIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 3-methoxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCOC JCMFJIHDWDKYIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- JREWFSHZWRKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CN=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O JREWFSHZWRKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,11-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCN KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1075—Partially aromatic polyimides
- C08G73/1078—Partially aromatic polyimides wholly aromatic in the diamino moiety
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1042—Copolyimides derived from at least two different tetracarboxylic compounds or two different diamino compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
- C09D179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C09D179/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Description
(1)下記の式[1]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物を含むテトラカルボン酸成分と下記の式[2]で示される側鎖を有するジアミン化合物を含むジアミン成分とを反応させて得られるポリイミド前駆体および該ポリイミド前駆体をイミド化して得られるポリイミドから選ばれる少なくとも1種の重合体を含有することを特徴とする液晶配向処理剤。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤が含有する重合体の原料であるテトラカルボン酸成分が含む特定テトラカルボン酸二無水物は、下記の式[1]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物である。
本発明においては、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて、特定テトラカルボン酸二無水物以外のその他のテトラカルボン酸化合物(その他テトラカルボン酸化合物ともいう)を、テトラカルボン酸成分として併用することができる。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤が含有する重合体の原料であるジアミン成分が含む特定側鎖ジアミン化合物は、下記の式[2]で示される側鎖を有するジアミン化合物である。なお、本明細書において、ジアミン化合物の側鎖とは、2つのアミノ基を結ぶ構造から枝分かれした構造を意味する。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤が含有する特定重合体を作製するためのジアミン成分としては、式[2]で示される側鎖を有するジアミン化合物に加えて、公知のジアミン化合物を用いることができる。
本発明の液晶配向剤が含有する特定重合体は、前記式[1]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物を含む前記テトラカルボン酸成分と、前記式[2]で示される側鎖を有するジアミン化合物を含む上記ジアミン成分とを反応させて得られるポリイミド前駆体および該ポリイミド前駆体をイミド化して得られるポリイミドから選ばれる少なくとも1種の重合体である。
本発明において、特定重合体は、上記ジアミン成分と上記テトラカルボン酸成分とを反応させて得られる。具体的には、テトラカルボン酸二無水物とジアミン成分とを重縮合させてポリアミド酸を得る方法、テトラカルボン酸とジアミン成分とを脱水重縮合反応させてポリアミド酸を得る方法またはジカルボン酸ジハライドとジアミン成分とを重縮合させてポリアミド酸を得る方法が用いられる。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤は、液晶配向膜を形成するための塗布溶液であり、重合体成分および溶媒を含有し、重合体被膜を形成するための塗布溶液である。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤は、基板上に塗布、焼成した後、ラビング処理や光照射などで配向処理をして、液晶配向膜として用いることができる。また、垂直配向用途などの場合では配向処理なしでも液晶配向膜として用いることができる。この際に用いる基板としては、透明性の高い基板であれば特に限定されず、ガラス基板の他、アクリル基板やポリカーボネート基板などのプラスチック基板なども用いることができる。プロセスの簡素化の観点からは、液晶駆動のためのITO電極などが形成された基板を用いることが好ましい。また、反射型の液晶表示素子では、片側の基板のみにならばシリコンウェハなどの不透明な基板も使用でき、この場合の電極としてはアルミなどの光を反射する材料も使用できる。
合成例、実施例1〜15および比較例1〜5で用いる略語は、以下の通りである。
(特定テトラカルボン酸二無水物)
A1:下記の式[A1]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物
A2:1,2,3,4−シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(下記の式[A2]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物)
A3:ビシクロ[3.3.0]オクタン−2,4,6,8−テトラカルボン酸二無水物(下記の式[A3]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物)
A4:下記の式[A4]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物
A5:下記の式[A5]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物
(側鎖ジアミン化合物)
B1:1,3−ジアミノ−4−〔4−(トランス−4−n−ヘプチルシクロへキシル)フェノキシ〕ベンゼン(下記の式[B1]で示されるジアミン化合物)
B2:1,3−ジアミノ−5−〔4−(トランス−4−n−ヘプチルシクロへキシル)フェノキシメチル〕ベンゼン(下記の式[B2]で示されるジアミン化合物)
B3:1,3−ジアミノ−4−{4−〔トランス−4−(トランス−4−n−ペンチルシクロへキシル)シクロへキシル〕フェノキシ}ベンゼン(下記の式[B3]で示されるジアミン化合物)
B4:1,3−ジアミノ−5−{4−〔4−(トランス−4−n−ペンチルシクロヘキシル)シクロヘキシル〕フェノキシメチル}ベンゼン(下記の式[B4]で示されるジアミン化合物)
B5:下記の式[B5]で示される特定側鎖型ジアミン化合物
C1:m−フェニレンジアミン(下記の式[C1]で示されるジアミン化合物)
C2:p−フェニレンジアミン(下記の式[C2]で示されるジアミン化合物)
C3:3,5−ジアミノ安息香酸(下記の式[C3]で示されるジアミン化合物)
C4:下記の式[C4]で示されるジアミン化合物
C5:下記の式[C5]で示されるジアミン化合物
C6:1,3−ジアミノ−4−オクタデシルオキシベンゼン(下記の式[C6]で示されるジアミン化合物)
D1:YH−434L(東都化成製)(エポキシ系架橋性化合物)
D2:OXT−221(東亜合成製)(オキセタン系架橋性化合物)
D3:下記の式で示される架橋性化合物(ヒドロキシル化フェノール系架橋性化合物)
(極性溶媒)
NMP:N−メチル−2−ピロリドン
NEP:N−エチル−2−ピロリドン
G−BL:γ−ブチロラクトン
BCS:2−ブトキシエタノール
PB:プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル
合成例におけるポリイミド前駆体およびポリイミドの分子量は、常温ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)装置(GPC−101)(昭和電工社製)、カラム(KD−803,KD−805)(Shodex社製)を用いて、以下のようにして測定した。
カラム温度:50℃
溶離液:N,N’−ジメチルホルムアミド(添加剤として、臭化リチウム一水和物(LiBr・H2O)が30mmol/L(リットル)、リン酸・無水結晶(o−リン酸)が30mmol/L、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)が10ml/L)
流速:1.0ml/分
検量線作成用標準サンプル:TSK 標準ポリエチレンオキサイド(分子量;約900,000、150,000、100,000、および30,000)(東ソー社製)およびポリエチレングリコール(分子量;約12,000、4,000、および1,000)(ポリマーラボラトリー社製)。
合成例におけるポリイミドのイミド化率は次のようにして測定した。ポリイミド粉末20mgをNMR(核磁気共鳴)サンプル管(NMRサンプリングチューブスタンダード,φ5(草野科学社製))に入れ、重水素化ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO−d6,0.05質量%TMS(テトラメチルシラン)混合品)(0.53ml)を添加し、超音波をかけて完全に溶解させた。この溶液をNMR測定機(JNW−ECA500)(日本電子データム社製)にて500MHzのプロトンNMRを測定した。イミド化率は、イミド化前後で変化しない構造に由来するプロトンを基準プロトンとして決め、このプロトンのピーク積算値と、9.5ppm〜10.0ppm付近に現れるアミド酸のNH基に由来するプロトンピーク積算値とを用い以下の式によって求めた。
イミド化率(%)=(1−α・x/y)×100
A1(3.44g,16.2mmol)、B1(3.70g,9.73mmol)、C1(2.45g,22.7mmol)をNMP(28.1g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A2(3.18g,16.2mmol)とNMP(23.0g)を加え、40℃で6時間反応させ、固形分濃度が、20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液(A)を得た。このポリアミド酸の数平均分子量は11,500、重量平均分子量は38,600であった。
合成例1で得られた固形分濃度が20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液(A)(15.0g)に、NMPを加えて6質量%に希釈した後、イミド化触媒として無水酢酸(2.33g)、ピリジン(1.21g)を加え、40℃で3時間反応させた。この反応溶液をメタノール(350ml)中に投入し、得られた沈殿物を濾別した。この沈殿物をメタノールで洗浄し、60℃で減圧乾燥しポリイミド粉末(B)を得た。このポリイミドのイミド化率は52%であり、数平均分子量は10,980、重量平均分子量は33,200であった。
A1(3.31g,15.6mmol)、B1(3.56g,9.36mmol)、C4(2.67g,21.8mmol)をNMP(27.7g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A2(3.06g,15.6mmol)とNMP(22.7g)を加え、40℃で6時間反応させ、固形分濃度が、20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
A1(2.59g,12.2mmol)、B3(3.70g,8.56mmol)、C2(1.72g,15.9mmol)をNMP(24.4g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A3(3.06g,12.2mmol)とNMP(19.9g)を加え、50℃で5時間反応させ、固形分濃度が20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
A1(1.98g,9.35mmol)、B2(4.61g,9.35mmol)、C3(2.13g,14.0mmol)をNMP(25.2g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A2(2.75g,14.0mmol)とNMP(20.7g)を加え、40℃で6時間反応させ、固形分濃度が20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
A1(1.34g,6.29mmol)、B4(2.81g,6.29mmol)、C4(1.79g,14.7mmol)をNMP(19.4g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A2(2.88g,14.7mmol)とNMP(15.9g)を加え、40℃で6時間反応させ、固形分濃度が20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
A1(1.40g,6.60mmol)、B5(3.79g,7.70mmol)、C3(1.84g,12.1mmol)をNMP(22.1g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A2(3.02g,15.4mmol)とNMP(18.1g)を加え、40℃で6時間反応させ、固形分濃度が20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
A1(2.54g,12.0mmol)、B1(4.56g,12.0mmol)、C2(1.94g,18.0mmol)をNMP(28.7g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A4(4.03g,18.0mmol)とNMP(28.7g)を加え、40℃で8時間反応させ、固形分濃度が20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液(H)を得た。このポリアミド酸の数平均分子量は12,900、重量平均分子量は36,300であった。
A1(3.22g,15.2mmol)、B5(4.99g,10.1mmol)、C5(5.51g,40.5mmol)をNMP(40.0g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A4(7.94g,35.4mmol)とNMP(32.7g)を加え、40℃で時間反応させ、固形分濃度が、20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
A1(2.98g,14.1mmol)、B3(6.08g,14.1mmol)、C4(4.00g,32.8mmol)をNMP(50.4g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A5(9.84g,32.8mmol)とNMP(41.2g)を加え、40℃で8時間反応させ、固形分濃度が、20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
A1(3.40g,16.0mmol)、C6(3.62g,9.61mmol)、C1(2.42g,22.4mmol)をNMP(19.8g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A2(3.14g,16.0mmol)とNMP(16.2g)を加え、40℃で6時間反応させ、固形分濃度が20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液(K)を得た。このポリアミド酸の数平均分子量は12,100、重量平均分子量は32,000であった。
A1(3.30g,15.6mmol)、C6(3.51g,9.33mmol)、C4(2.66g,21.8mmol)をNMP(19.8g)中で混合し、40℃で5時間反応させた後、A2(3.05g,15.6mmol)とNMP(16.2g)を加え、40℃で6時間反応させ、固形分濃度が20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
A2(3.53g,18.0mmol)、B1(2.05g,5.40mmol)、C1(1.36g,12.6mmol)をNMP(30.1g)中で混合し、40℃で8時間反応させ、固形分濃度が20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
A3(1.51g,6.05mmol)、B4(2.70g,6.05mmol)、C4(1.73g,14.1mmol)をNMP(19.2g)中で混合し、80℃で5時間反応させた後、A2(2.77g,14.1mmol)とNMP(19.2g)を加え、40℃で6時間反応させ、固形分濃度が、20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
A3(3.43g,13.7mmol)、B3(4.15g,9.60mmol)、C2(1.93g,17.8mmol)をNMP(26.8g)中で混合し、80℃で5時間反応させた後、A2(2.69g,13.7mmol)とNMP(22.0g)を加え、40℃で6時間反応させ、固形分濃度が、20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液を得た。
合成例1で得られた固形分濃度20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液(A)(9.03g)、NMP(8.91g)およびBCS(12.0g)を、25℃にて6時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(1)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例2で得られたポリイミド粉末(B)(1.80g)、NMP(2.72g)、NEP(9.03g)およびBCS(16.5g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(2)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例3で得られたポリイミド粉末(C)(1.80g)、NEP(13.2g)、BCS(7.50g)およびPB(7.53g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(3)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例4で得られたポリイミド粉末(D)(1.81g)、NMP(7.41g)、NEP(9.10g)、BCS(6.00g)およびPB(6.04g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(4)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例5で得られたポリイミド粉末(E)(1.79g)、NMP(4.20g)、NEP(11.9g)およびPB(11.9g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(5)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例6で得られたポリイミド粉末(F)(1.80g)、NEP(7.20g)、G−BL(9.06g)およびBCS(12.0g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(6)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例7で得られたポリイミド粉末(G)(1.80g)、NEP(13.2g)、G−BL(6.02g)、BCS(6.01g)およびPB(3.00g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(7)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例8で得られた固形分濃度20.0質量%のポリアミド酸溶液(H)(9.00g)、G−BL(9.00g)、BCS(6.04g)およびPB(6.00g)を、25℃にて6時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(8)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例9で得られたポリイミド粉末(I)(1.80g)、NMP(14.7g)およびBCS(13.5g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(9)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例10で得られたポリイミド粉末(J)(1.80g)、NMP(1.22g)、NEP(12.0g)、BCS(9.01g)およびPB(6.00g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(10)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例2で得られたポリイミド粉末(B)(1.80g)、NMP(1.23g)、NEP(12.0g)、BCS(9.02g)、PB(6.03g)およびD1(0.05g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(11)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例3で得られたポリイミド粉末(C)(1.80g)、G−BL(19.2g)、BCS(9.01g)およびD2(0.05g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(12)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例3で得られたポリイミド粉末(C)(1.80g)、NMP(8.70g)、G−BL(9.00g)、BCS(9.01g)、PB(9.00g)およびD3(0.05g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(13)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例2で得られたポリイミド粉末(B)(1.05g)、NMP(2.00g)、G−BL(9.02g)、BCS(9.02g)およびPB(9.02g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(14)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例3で得られたポリイミド粉末(C)(1.06g)、NMP(5.01g)、NEP(9.10g)、BCS(7.60g)およびPB(7.60g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(15)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例11で得られた固形分濃度19.9質量%のポリアミド酸溶液(K)(9.03g)、NMP(9.30g)およびBCS(12.2g)を、25℃にて6時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(16)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例12で得られたポリイミド粉末(L)(1.80g)、NEP(13.2g)、BCS(7.52g)およびPB(7.50g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(17)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例13で得られたポリイミド粉末(M)(1.80g)、NMP(2.71g)NEP(9.00g)およびBCS(16.5g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(18)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例14で得られたポリイミド粉末(N)(1.80g)、NEP(7.25g)、G−BL(9.06g)およびBCS(12.0g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(19)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
合成例15で得られたポリイミド粉末(O)(1.80g)、NMP(7.19g)、NEP(9.00g)、BCS(6.00g)およびPB(5.99g)を、25℃にて8時間混合して、液晶配向処理剤(20)を得た。この液晶配向処理剤に、濁りや析出などの異常は見られず、均一な溶液であることが確認された。
実施例1〜15および比較例1〜5で得られた液晶配向処理剤を、30×40mmITO電極付き基板のITO面にスピンコートし、ホットプレート上にて80℃で5分間、熱循環型クリーンオーブン中にて230℃で30分間加熱処理をして膜厚100nmの液晶配向膜(ポリイミド膜)付きの基板を得た。
実施例1〜5、比較例3及び5で得られた液晶配向処理剤を、30×40mmITO電極付き基板のITO面にスピンコートし、ホットプレート上にて80℃で5分間、熱循環型クリーンオーブン中にて230℃で30分間加熱処理をして膜厚100nmのポリイミド液晶配向膜付きの基板を得た。
実施例1〜8、実施例12〜15および比較例1〜5で得られた液晶配向処理剤を細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過し、−15℃にて48時間保管した溶液を用いて、モノマー分散性の評価(PSAセル)を行った。この溶液を、純水およびイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)にて洗浄した中心に10×10mmのパターン間隔20μmのITO電極付き基板(縦40mm×横30mm、厚さ0.7mm)と中心に10×40mmのITO電極付き基板(縦40mm×横30mm、厚さ0.7mm)のITO面にスピンコートし、ホットプレート上にて100℃で5分間加熱処理をして膜厚が100nmのポリイミド塗膜を得た。塗膜面を純水にて洗浄した後、熱循環型クリーンオーブン中にて100℃で15分間加熱処理をして、液晶配向膜付き基板を得た。
本発明の実施例14で得られた液晶配向処理剤(14)及び実施例15で得られた液晶配向処理剤(15)を細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過し、インクジェット塗布性の評価を行った。インクジェット塗布機には、HIS−200(日立プラントテクノロジー社製)を用いた。塗布は、純水およびIPAにて洗浄を行ったITO(酸化インジウムスズ)蒸着基板上に、塗布面積が70×70mm、ノズルピッチが0.423mm、スキャンピッチが0.5mm、塗布速度が40mm/秒、塗布から仮乾燥までの時間が60秒、仮乾燥がホットプレート上にて70℃で5分間の条件で行った。この結果、いずれの実施例とも、得られた液晶配向膜上に、はじきやピンホールは見られず、均一に塗布された液晶配向膜が得られた。
Claims (11)
- 下記の式[1]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物を含むテトラカルボン酸成分と下記の式[2]で示される側鎖を有するジアミン化合物を含むジアミン成分とを反応させて得られるポリイミド前駆体および該ポリイミド前駆体をイミド化して得られるポリイミドから選ばれる少なくとも1種の重合体を含有することを特徴とする液晶配向処理剤。
- 液晶配向処理剤中の溶媒として、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン、N−エチル−2−ピロリドンまたはγ−ブチロラクトンを含有することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の液晶配向処理剤。
- 請求項1〜請求項4に記載の液晶配向処理剤を用いて得られることを特徴とする液晶配向膜。
- 請求項1〜請求項4に記載の液晶配向処理剤を用いて、インクジェット法にて得られることを特徴とする液晶配向膜。
- 請求項5または請求項6に記載の液晶配向膜を有することを特徴とする液晶表示素子。
- 電極を備えた一対の基板の間に液晶層を有してなり、前記一対の基板の間に活性エネルギー線および熱の少なくとも一方により重合する重合性化合物を含む液晶組成物を配置し、前記電極間に電圧を印加しつつ前記重合性化合物を重合させる工程を経て製造される液晶表示素子に用いられることを特徴とする請求項5または請求項6に記載の液晶配向膜。
- 請求項8に記載の液晶配向膜を有することを特徴とする液晶表示素子。
- 電極を備えた一対の基板の間に液晶層を有してなり、前記一対の基板の間に活性エネルギー線および熱の少なくとも一方により重合する重合性基を含む液晶配向膜を配置し、前記電極間に電圧を印加しつつ前記重合性基を重合させる工程を経て製造される液晶表示素子に用いられることを特徴とする請求項5または請求項6に記載の液晶配向膜。
- 請求項10に記載の液晶配向膜を有することを特徴とする液晶表示素子。
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