JP6345190B2 - 鉱物ディーゼル、バイオディーゼル及びそれらのブレンドにおいて広い適用性を有する低温流動性向上剤 - Google Patents
鉱物ディーゼル、バイオディーゼル及びそれらのブレンドにおいて広い適用性を有する低温流動性向上剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6345190B2 JP6345190B2 JP2015555740A JP2015555740A JP6345190B2 JP 6345190 B2 JP6345190 B2 JP 6345190B2 JP 2015555740 A JP2015555740 A JP 2015555740A JP 2015555740 A JP2015555740 A JP 2015555740A JP 6345190 B2 JP6345190 B2 JP 6345190B2
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- XOALFFJGWSCQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C XOALFFJGWSCQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
- C10L2250/04—Additive or component is a polymer
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Description
殆どの燃料は、現在では一般に化石源から得られている。しかしながら、これらの資源は限界があるので、代替物が求められている。従って、燃料を生産するために使用され得る再生可能な原料への関心が高まっている。非常に優れた代替物は、特定のバイオディーゼル燃料である。
本発明の第1の態様によれば、
(A)少なくとも1つのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー組成物であって、
(A1)一般式(I)
RはH又はCH3であり且つ
R1は1〜22個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝鎖状の、飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基である)
の1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和化合物を含む少なくとも1つのポリマーであって、
前記アルキル基R1の分子全体にわたる平均炭素数が11〜16であり、一般式(I)の化合物の、使用される一般式(I)の化合物の全量を基準として少なくとも60質量%において、残基R1は12〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を意味する、前記少なくとも1つのポリマー;及び
(A2)少なくとも1つの希釈剤
を含む、前記少なくとも1つのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー組成物;
(B)少なくとも1つのグラフトコポリマー組成物であって、
(B1)グラフトベースとしてエチレンをベースとするコポリマーであって、前記グラフトベースが60〜85質量%のエチレン及び15〜40質量%のビニルエステル、アクリレート、メタクリレート及びアルファオレフィン、好ましくは酢酸ビニル及びプロピオン酸ビニルから選択される化合物を含む、前記コポリマー;
(B2)一般式(I)
RはH又はCH3であり且つ
R1は1〜22個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝鎖状の、飽和又は不飽和アルキル基である)
の1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和化合物を含むポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマーであって、
前記アルキル基R1の分子全体にわたる平均炭素数が11〜16であり、一般式(I)の化合物の、使用される一般式(I)の化合物の全量を基準として少なくとも60質量%において、残基R1は12〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を意味し、(B1)に記載されるようにグラフトベース上にグラフトされる、前記ポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー;及び
(B3)少なくとも1つの希釈剤
を含む、前記少なくとも1つのグラフトコポリマー組成物;及び
(C)少なくとも1つのエチレン系コポリマー組成物であって、
(C1)80〜88モル%のエチレン;
(C2)12〜20モル%のビニルエステル、アクリレート、メタクリレート及びアルファオレフィン、好ましくは酢酸ビニル及びアクリレートから選択される1つ以上の化合物、及び
(C3)少なくとも1つの希釈剤
を含み、
その際、組成物(C)のエチレン系コポリマーが2000〜10000g/モルの数平均分子量Mnを有する、前記少なくとも1つのエチレン系コポリマー組成物
を含む、組成物が提供される。
(A)一般式(I)
RはH又はCH3であり且つ
R1は1〜22個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝鎖状の、飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基であり、
その際、分子全体の前記アルキル基R1の平均炭素数は11〜16であり、使用される一般式(I)の化合物の全量を基準として少なくとも60質量%の、一般式(I)の化合物において、残基R1は12〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を意味する)
の1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和化合物を含む少なくとも1つのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー;
(B)少なくとも1つのグラフトコポリマーであって、
(B1)グラフトベースとしてエチレンをベースとするコポリマーであって、前記グラフトベースが60〜85質量%のエチレンと15〜40質量%のビニルエステル、アクリレート、メタクリレート及びアルファオレフィン、好ましくは、酢酸ビニル及びプロピオン酸ビニルから選択される化合物を含む、前記コポリマー、及び
(B2)一般式(I)
RはH又はCH3であり且つ
R1は1〜22個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝鎖状の、飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基であり、
その際、分子全体の前記アルキル基R1の平均炭素数は11〜16であり、使用される一般式(I)の化合物の全量を基準として少なくとも60質量%の、一般式(I)の化合物において、残基R1は12〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を意味し、そのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマーは(B1)の下で記載されたグラフトベース上にグラフトする)
の1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和化合物を含むポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー
を含む、前記少なくとも1つのグラフトコポリマー;
(C)2000〜10000g/モルの数平均分子量Mnを有する少なくとも1つのエチレン系コポリマーであって、
(C1)80〜88モル%のエチレン;
(C2)12〜20モル%のビニルエステル、アクリレート、メタクリレート及びアルファオレフィン、好ましくは、酢酸ビニル及び1つ以上のアクリレートから選択される1つ以上の化合物
を含む、前記エチレン系コポリマー;
(D)任意の1つ以上の更なる燃料添加剤及び
(E)1つ以上の希釈剤
を含む濃縮物が提供される。
上記の組成物又は濃縮物を中間留分(加熱油又はディーゼル燃料)、バイオディーゼル及びそれらのブレンドに、有効量で添加する工程及び
得られた組成物を混合する工程
を含む、燃料油組成物の低温流動性を改善するための方法である。
(a)成分(a)、(b)及び(c)の全量を基準として、0.001〜1質量%、好ましくは、0.005〜0.5質量%の上記の組成物又は濃縮物;
(b)成分(a)、(b)及び(c)の全量を基準として、0〜100質量%、好ましくは、0〜98質量%の鉱物由来のディーゼル燃料;及び
(c)成分(a)、(b)及び(c)の全量を基準として、0〜100質量%、好ましくは、2〜100質量%のバイオディーゼル燃料
を含む、前記燃料油組成物が提供される。
(a)成分(a)、(b)及び(c)の全量を基準として、0.001〜1質量%、好ましくは、0.005〜0.5質量%の上記の組成物又は濃縮物;
(b)成分(a)、(b)及び(c)の全量を基準として、0〜100質量%、好ましくは、0〜98質量%の鉱物由来のディーゼル燃料;及び
(c)成分(a)、(b)及び(c)の全量を基準として、0〜100質量%、好ましくは、2〜100質量%のバイオディーゼル燃料
を含む、燃料油組成物を、低温流動性の改善に用いる使用が提供される。
(A)少なくとも1つのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー組成物であって、
(A1)一般式(I)
RはH又はCH3であり且つ
R1は1〜22個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝鎖状の、飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基であり、
その際、分子全体の前記アルキル基R1の平均炭素数は11〜16であり、使用される一般式(I)の化合物の全量を基準として少なくとも60質量%の、一般式(I)の化合物において、残基R1は12〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を意味する)
の1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和化合物を含む少なくとも1つのポリマー
(A2)少なくとも1つの希釈剤
を含む、前記少なくとも1つのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー組成物;
(B)少なくとも1つのグラフトコポリマー組成物であって、
(B1)グラフトベースとしてエチレンをベースとするコポリマーであって、前記グラフトベースが60〜85質量%のエチレンと15〜40質量%の酢酸ビニルを含む、前記コポリマー;
(B2)一般式(I)
RはH又はCH3であり且つ
R1は1〜22個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝鎖状の、飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基であり、
その際、分子全体の前記アルキル基R1の平均炭素数は11〜16であり、使用される一般式(I)の化合物の全量を基準として少なくとも60質量%の、一般式(I)の化合物において、残基R1は12〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を意味し、そのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマーは(B1)の下で記載されたグラフトベース上にグラフトする)
の1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和化合物を含むポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー;及び
(B3)少なくとも1つの希釈剤
を含む、前記少なくとも1つのグラフトコポリマー組成物;並びに
(C)少なくとも1つのエチレン系コポリマー組成物であって、
(C1)80〜88モル%のエチレン;
(C2)12〜20モル%の酢酸ビニル、任意に他のビニルエステル及びアルキルアクリレートから選択される1つ以上の化合物、及び
(C3)少なくとも1つの希釈剤
を含み、
その際、組成物(C)のエチレン系コポリマーが2000〜10000g/モルの数平均分子量Mnを有する、前記少なくとも1つのエチレン系コポリマー組成物
を含む組成物を、
(i)0〜100質量%の鉱物由来のディーゼル燃料及び
(ii)0〜100質量%のバイオディーゼル燃料
を含む中間留分の流動点を低下させるために用いる使用に関する。
(i)0〜100質量%の鉱物由来のディーゼル燃料及び
(ii)0〜100質量%のバイオディーゼル燃料
を含む中間留分の低温濾過器目詰まり点を低下させるために用いる使用に関する。
成分(A):ポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー
実施例1:ポリマーA−1
14.9gの重質ナフサ溶媒(例えば、Shellsol(登録商標)又はSolvesso(登録商標)A150)を、乾燥窒素下で500mlの4口反応器に装入し、140℃で撹拌した。75.7gのドデシルペンタデシルメタクリレート(DPMA)、0.8gのメチルメタクリレート(MMA)、0.02gのn−ドデシルメルカプタン及び8.4gの2,2−ビス(tert−ブチルペルオキシ)ブタンを含有するモノマー混合物を調製した。モノマー混合物を、溶媒を含有する反応器に140℃で5時間供給した。反応物を140℃で更に120分間保持した。混合物を100℃まで冷却した。その後、0.15gのtert−ブチルペルオキシ−2−エチル−ヘキサノエートを添加した。反応混合物を100℃で更に90分間撹拌した。
Mn=3740g/モル
Mw=5760g/モル
PDI(Mw/Mn)=1.54.
実施例1と同じ合成法を実施するが、モノマーとして、ステアリルメタクリレート(SMA)とラウリルメタクリレート(LMA)を1:1の質量比で使用した。両方のモノマーは、それぞれ、天然のステアリルアルコール及びラウリルアルコールから誘導され、その際、以下のような炭素数分布を有する:
SMA=C16〜C18−アルキルベースのメタクリレートエステル、100%の直線性
平均炭素数=16.8〜17.7
Mn=4940g/モル
(a)30.0gのナフテン軽油(例えば、Shell Risella(登録商標)907)を、乾燥窒素下で1Lの4口反応器に装入し、100℃で撹拌した。0.233gのtert−アミルペル−2−エチル−ヘキサノエートを反応器に添加した。27.58gのC10〜C16−アルキルメタクリレート、42.28gのC16〜C18−アルキルメタクリレート(SMA)、0.14gのDPMA、0.14gのtert−アミルペル−2−エチル−ヘキサノエート及び1.26gのtert−ブチルペルオキシ−2−エチルヘキサノエートを含有するモノマー混合物を調製した。モノマー混合物を、溶媒を含有する反応器に100℃で3.5時間供給した。反応器を100℃で更に120分間保持した。その後、0.08gのtert−ブチルペルオキシ−2−エチル−ヘキサノエートを添加した。反応混合物を100℃で更に60分間撹拌した。
平均炭素数=13.4
平均炭素数=16.8〜17.7
0.778gの100Nの油を乾燥窒素下で1リットルの4口反応器に装入し、95℃で撹拌した。61.92gのDPMA、0.385gのC12〜C15−アルキルメタクリレート、0.7gのSMA、6.3gの2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、0.7gのメチルメタクリレート、1.19gのn−ドデシルメルカプタン及び0.84gのtert−ブチルペルオキシ−2−エチルヘキサノエートを含有するモノマー混合物を調製した。モノマー混合物を、溶媒を含有する反応器に95℃で3.5時間供給した。反応を95℃で更に120分間保持した。その後、0.14gのtert−ブチルペルオキシ−2−エチル−ヘキサノエートを添加した。その後、混合物を29.222gの100Nの油を添加することによって希釈した。反応混合物を95℃で更に60分間撹拌した。
Mw=20630g/モル
Mn=11780g/モル
PDI=1.75
平均炭素数=13.2〜13.8
平均炭素数=13.4
平均炭素数=16.8〜17.7
実施例5:ポリマーB−1
米国特許第4,906,682号(Roehm GmbH)によるEVA−グラフト−ポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートの調製
約33質量%の酢酸ビニルを含み且つMn=36400g/モルの数平均分子量の20gのEVA(エチレン酢酸ビニル)コポリマー(Evatane 33−25の商品名でArkema Inc.より市販)を、混合物を100℃で一晩撹拌することによって、150gの希釈油に溶解した。温度を90℃に調整した。その後、0.5%のtert−ブチルペルオキシ−2−エチル−ヘキサノエートを含有する80gのドデシルペンタデシルメタクリレート(DPMA)をEVAコポリマー溶液に3.5時間かけて添加した。反応を、混合物を90℃で更に2時間撹拌することによって維持した。次に、0.2%のtert−ブチルペルオキシ−2−エチル−ヘキサノエートを添加し、混合物を更に45分間保持した。
Mn=51170g/モル
Mw=109340g/モル
PDI(Mw/Mn)=2.14
プロセスは、ポリマーB−1のものと同一であり、単に、DPMAがC12〜C14−アルキルメタクリレートで置き換えられている;100%直鎖性
平均炭素数=12.5の場合の同族体分布
Mw=117750g/モル
PDI(Mw/Mn)=2.6
実施例7:ポリマーC−1
以下の組成及び分子量を有するBASF SE社製の市販のエチレン−酢酸ビニル−アクリレートコポリマー溶液、Keroflux(重質ナフサ溶媒中のエチレン系コポリマー、溶媒含有率:40質量%/ポリマー含有率:60質量%):
実施例13:ポリマーM−1
85グラムのポリマーA−1及び15グラムのポリマーB−1又はB−2を、60〜80℃で最低1時間撹拌することによってブレンドした。無色の安定な混合物が得られた。
50mlの反応フラスコにおいて、15gのジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル中の15gのtert−ブチルヒドロキノン(TBHQ)を、60℃で不活性窒素下にて最低1時間溶解させた。この溶液を、溶液Iと呼ぶ。
25gのポリマーC−1を、5gの重質ナフサ溶媒(例えば、Shellsol(登録商標)又はSolvesso(登録商標)A150)を用いて90℃で少なくとも60分間希釈する。その後、70gのポリマーM−1をポリマーワックス希釈剤に添加し、これを90℃で少なくとも更に1時間混合した。
15gのポリマーC−5を、15gの重質ナフサ溶媒(例えば、Shellsol(登録商標)又はSolvesso(登録商標)A150)を用いて90℃で少なくとも60分間希釈する。その後、70gのポリマーM−1をポリマーワックス希釈剤に添加し、これを90℃で少なくとも更に1時間混合した。
15gのポリマーC−6を、15gの重質ナフサ溶媒(例えば、Shellsol(登録商標)又はSolvesso(登録商標)A150)を用いて90℃で少なくとも60分間希釈する。その後、70gのポリマーM−1をポリマーワックス希釈剤に添加し、これを90℃で少なくとも更に1時間混合した。
低温流動性を評価するための一般的な方法は、ASTM D97によって測定される流動点(PP)試験、DIN EN 116又はASTM D6371によって測定される低温濾過器目詰まり点(CFPP)試験による濾過限界である。
1.1 −5℃のCFPPブランク値及び0.7℃のCPを有するRMEとSMEのバイオディーゼルブレンドにおける適用
この試験法は、間接噴射ディーゼルエンジンのインジェクターノズルに付着物を形成するディーゼル燃料の傾向を評価するように設計されている。この方法による試験実施の結果を、気流損失率に関して様々な噴射器針弁リフト点で示す。気流の測定を、ISO 4010に準拠した気流リグを用いて実施する。
この試験に使用されるエンジンは、特にノズルコーキング試験のためにPSAによって供給されたPeugeot XUD9ALユニットである。
エンジンパート番号:70100
行程容積:1.9リットル
噴射ポンプ:ロトディーゼルDCP R84 43 B910A
噴射器本体:ルーカスLCR 67307
噴射ノズル:ルーカスRDNO SDC6850(unflatted)
焼成順:1,3,4,2(フライホイール端で第1)
噴射器ノズルを洗浄し、0.05mm、0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm及び0.4mmリフトで気流について検査する。気流が0.1mmリフトで250mL/分〜320ml/分の範囲外である場合に、ノズルを破棄する。ノズルは、噴射器本体に組み立てられ、開口部の圧力は115±5バールに設定される。
噴射器のスレーブセットをエンジンに取り付ける。前回の試験燃料を、システムから排出させる。エンジンは、燃料システムを通してフラッシュするために、25分間運転する。この間に、全ての流出した燃料を破棄して、戻さなかった。次にエンジンを、速度と負荷を試験するために設定し、全ての指定されたパラメータを検査し、試験仕様に調整した。次いでスレーブ噴射器を試験装置と交換した。
Claims (18)
- (A)少なくとも1つのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー組成物であって、
(A1)一般式(I)
RはH又はCH3であり且つ
R1は1〜22個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝鎖状の、飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基であり、
その際、分子全体の前記アルキル基R1の平均炭素数は11〜16であり、使用される一般式(I)の化合物の全量を基準として少なくとも60質量%の、一般式(I)の化合物において、残基R1は12〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を意味する)
の1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和化合物に由来する構造単位を含む少なくとも1つのポリマー、及び
(A2)少なくとも1つの希釈剤
を含む、前記少なくとも1つのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー組成物;
(B)少なくとも1つのグラフトコポリマー組成物であって、
(B1)グラフトベースとしてエチレンをベースとするコポリマーであって、前記グラフトベースが60〜85質量%のエチレンに由来する構造単位と15〜40質量%の、ビニルエステル、アクリレート、メタクリレート及びアルファオレフィンから選択される化合物に由来する構造単位を含む、前記コポリマー;
(B2)一般式(I)
RはH又はCH3であり且つ
R1は1〜22個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝鎖状の、飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基であり、
その際、分子全体の前記アルキル基R1の平均炭素数は11〜16であり、使用される一般式(I)の化合物の全量を基準として少なくとも60質量%の、一般式(I)の化合物において、残基R1は12〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を意味し、そのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマーは(B1)の下で記載されたグラフトベース上にグラフトする)
の1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和化合物に由来する構造単位を含むポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー;及び
(B3)少なくとも1つの希釈剤
を含む、前記少なくとも1つのグラフトコポリマー組成物;並びに
(C)少なくとも1つのエチレン系コポリマー組成物であって、
(C1)80〜88モル%のエチレンに由来する構造単位;
(C2)12〜20モル%の、ビニルエステル、アクリレート、メタクリレート及びアルファオレフィンから選択される1種以上の化合物に由来する構造単位、及び
(C3)少なくとも1つの希釈剤
を含み、
その際、組成物(C)のエチレン系コポリマーが2000〜10000g/モルの数平均分子量Mnを有する、前記少なくとも1つのエチレン系コポリマー組成物
を含む、組成物。 - 成分(B1)の数平均分子量Mnが10000〜80000g/モルである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 成分(B1)の数平均分子量Mnが20000〜60000g/モルである、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 成分(B1)が60〜85質量%のエチレンに由来する構造単位及び15〜40質量%の酢酸ビニルに由来する構造単位を含むコポリマーである、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物(C)のエチレン系コポリマーが、12〜20モル%のビニルエステル及び任意にアクリレート及び/又はメタクリレートに由来する構造単位と80〜88モル%のエチレンに由来する構造単位を含む、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物(C)のエチレン系コポリマーが、12〜20モル%の酢酸ビニル及び1つ以上のアクリレートに由来する構造単位と80〜88モル%のエチレンに由来する構造単位を含む、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 組成物(C)のエチレン系コポリマーの数平均分子量Mnが2000〜8000g/モルである、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物(C)のエチレン系コポリマーの数平均分子量Mnが2000〜6000g/モルである、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物(C)のエチレン系コポリマーの数平均分子量Mnが2000〜5000g/モルである、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 組成物(C)のエチレン系コポリマーの多分散性Mw/Mnが1.5〜5である、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物を、中間留分、バイオディーゼル及びこれらのブレンドの低温流動性を改善するために用いる使用。
- 請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物を、中間留分、バイオディーゼル及びこれらのブレンドの流動点を低下させるために用いる使用。
- 請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物を、中間留分、バイオディーゼル及びこれらのブレンドの低温濾過器目詰まり点を低下させるために用いる使用。
- 請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物を、中間留分、バイオディーゼル及びそれらのブレンドを用いて運転される内燃機関におけるディーゼルインジェクターノズルのファウリング傾向を抑制するために用いる使用。
- 燃料油組成物であって、
(a) 成分(a)及び(b)の全量を基準として、0.001〜1質量%の請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の組成物;並びに、
(b) 鉱物由来のディーゼル燃料、及び/又は、バイオディーゼル燃料
を含む、前記燃料油組成物。 - 濃縮物であって、
(A)一般式(I)
RはH又はCH3であり且つ
R1は1〜22個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝鎖状の、飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基であり、
その際、分子全体の前記アルキル基R1の平均炭素数は11〜16であり、使用される一般式(I)の化合物の全量を基準として少なくとも60質量%の、一般式(I)の化合物において、残基R1は12〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を意味する)
の1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和化合物に由来する構造単位を含む少なくとも1つのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー;
(B)少なくとも1つのグラフトコポリマーであって、
(B1)グラフトベースとしてエチレンをベースとするコポリマーであって、前記グラフトベースが60〜85質量%のエチレンに由来する構造単位と15〜40質量%の、ビニルエステル、アクリレート、メタクリレート及びアルファオレフィンから選択される化合物に由来する構造単位を含む、前記コポリマー、及び
(B2)一般式(I)
RはH又はCH3であり且つ
R1は1〜22個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝鎖状の、飽和又は不飽和のアルキル基であり、
その際、分子全体の前記アルキル基R1の平均炭素数は11〜16であり、使用される一般式(I)の化合物の全量を基準として少なくとも60質量%の、一般式(I)の化合物において、残基R1は12〜18個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を意味し、そのポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマーは(B1)の下で記載されたグラフトベース上にグラフトする)
の1つ以上のエチレン性不飽和化合物に由来する構造単位を含むポリアルキル(メタ)アクリレートポリマー
を含む、前記少なくとも1つのグラフトコポリマー;
(C)2000〜10000g/モルの数平均分子量Mnを有する少なくとも1つのエチレン系コポリマーであって、
(C1)80〜88モル%のエチレンに由来する構造単位;
(C2)12〜20モル%のビニルエステル、アクリレート、メタクリレート及びアルファオレフィンから選択される1つ以上の化合物に由来する構造単位
を含む、前記少なくとも1つのエチレン系コポリマー;
(D)任意の1つ以上の更なる燃料添加剤及び
(E)1つ以上の希釈剤
を含む濃縮物。 - 組成物(C)のエチレン系コポリマーが、12〜20モル%の酢酸ビニル及びアクリレートに由来する構造単位と80〜88モル%のエチレンに由来する構造単位を含む、請求項16に記載の濃縮物。
- 成分(D)の1つ以上の更なる燃料添加剤が、ワックス分散剤、極性物質のための分散剤、抗乳化剤、消泡剤、潤滑性添加剤、酸化防止剤、セタン価向上剤、界面活性剤、染料、腐食防止剤、金属不活性化剤、金属不動態化剤及び/又は着臭剤からなる群から選択される、請求項16又は17に記載の濃縮物。
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US61/823,624 | 2013-05-15 | ||
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CA2899444C (en) | 2019-09-24 |
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US20150344801A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
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BR112015018196A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
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US10604715B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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RU2015137590A (ru) | 2017-03-10 |
WO2014118370A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
BR112015018196B1 (pt) | 2020-10-13 |
EP2951274B1 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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KR102038904B1 (ko) | 2019-10-31 |
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