JP6221727B2 - Cylinder head structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cylinder head structure of a multi-cylinder engine in which a plurality of exhaust ports are gathered inside a cylinder head, and more particularly to a heat dissipation structure of an exhaust side wall.

  In recent years, a multi-cylinder engine has been developed in which an exhaust collecting portion for collecting exhaust from a plurality of combustion chambers is formed inside a cylinder head, and a single exhaust pipe is connected to an exhaust side wall of the cylinder head. In this way, when the exhaust collecting part is formed in the cylinder head, the entire engine can be downsized compared to the conventional structure in which the exhaust manifold is connected to the side wall of the cylinder head. Is suppressed, so that there is an advantage that the catalyst can be activated early.

  In such a cylinder head, in order to suppress the temperature rise in the exhaust collecting portion where hot exhaust gas collects in addition to the temperature rise in the combustion chamber, both the combustion chamber and the exhaust collecting portion are cooled. A water jacket is formed. For example, in the cylinder head structure described in Patent Document 1, in addition to a water jacket for cooling a combustion chamber formed along a cylinder row, a water jacket for covering the upper surface and the lower surface of the exhaust collecting portion is provided. Yes. Further, the upper and lower water jackets communicate with each other at a portion that does not interfere with the exhaust port. Thereby, it is supposed that the exhaust side of the cylinder head which tends to become high temperature can be efficiently cooled.

Japanese Patent No. 3569636

  However, in the above-described cylinder head structure of Patent Document 1, the exhaust collecting portion directly faces the side wall on the exhaust side of the cylinder head without passing through the water jacket, so that the side wall on the exhaust side is not easily cooled. In particular, the region sandwiched between the upper and lower water jackets is not easily cooled with water because it is away from the water jackets, and is likely to become hot. In addition, it is also conceivable that the side wall on the exhaust side is water-cooled by forming a water jacket outside the exhaust collecting portion. However, in this case, the cylinder head becomes larger and the structure thereof becomes complicated, so that it is difficult to reduce the cost.

  One of the objects of the present case has been invented in view of the above-described problems, and relates to a cylinder head structure of a multi-cylinder engine, and is to improve heat dissipation of a side wall on the exhaust side of the cylinder head. The present invention is not limited to this purpose, and is a function and effect derived from each configuration shown in the embodiments for carrying out the invention described later, and other effects of the present invention are to obtain a function and effect that cannot be obtained by conventional techniques. Can be positioned.

(1) The cylinder head structure disclosed herein includes an exhaust collecting portion where a plurality of exhaust ports connected to a plurality of cylinders gather, and a position formed on the cylinder head and sandwiching the exhaust collecting portion vertically. And a water jacket for circulating cooling water in the direction in which the plurality of cylinders are arranged, and a cylinder head outlet provided in the exhaust collecting portion. Moreover, the is formed around the cylinder head outlet, a flange portion having a fastening surface with the exhaust pipe, on both sides of the front Symbol column arrangement direction of the cylinder head outlet a region interposed between the upper and lower water jacket In the site | part located, the thickness part of the said flange part is provided with the thinning part formed thinner than other parts. Further comprising the the bulge formed on the exhaust side wall of the cylinder head, a rib which extends toward the column arrangement direction from the cutouts.

  (2) It is preferable that the flange portion has a plurality of boss portions to which fasteners for fixing the downstream end of the exhaust collecting portion and the exhaust pipe are attached. In this case, it is preferable that the said thinning part is formed as a curved surface which connects between these boss | hub parts so that the thickness of the said flange part may become so thin that it leaves | separates from the said boss | hub part.

(3) It is preferable that the said thinning part is formed thinnest in the center between these several boss | hub parts.
(4) It is preferable that the exhaust side wall includes a fin portion bulging continuously with the rib.

(5) before SL rib, said extending along the column arrangement direction from a center of said cylinder head outlet of the cutouts, are preferably arranged to be sandwiched between the water jacket. A position along the row direction from the center of the cylinder head outlet is a position farthest from the water jacket provided above and below the exhaust collecting portion, and the rib is preferably provided at this position.
(6) Moreover, it is preferable that the said thinning part is protrudingly provided in the curved shape toward the outer side from the said cylinder head exit on the outer peripheral surface of the right and left of the said flange part.

  According to the disclosed cylinder head structure, by thinning a part of the flange portion, it is possible to provide a thinning portion on the fastening surface between the cylinder head and the exhaust pipe, in which heat does not accumulate, and to increase the temperature of the flange portion. Can be suppressed. In addition to this, by extending the rib from the thinned portion, the heat radiation of the flange portion can be promoted, and the heat radiation property of the exhaust side wall of the cylinder head can be enhanced. Thereby, the cooling performance of an engine or a cylinder head can be improved. Further, since the heat radiation property of the exhaust side wall can be improved without forming a water jacket outside the exhaust collecting portion, the cylinder head can be made compact and the product cost can be suppressed. Furthermore, by providing the ribs, it is possible to improve the hot water flow when manufacturing the cylinder head, and thus it is possible to suppress the manufacturing cost.

It is an expansion perspective view of the exhaust side wall of the cylinder head structure concerning one Embodiment. It is a cross-sectional view of an intake port and a collective exhaust port portion of a cylinder head structure according to an embodiment. It is a BB arrow sectional view of Drawing 2. It is an A direction arrow directional view of FIG. It is a front view (figure corresponding to Drawing 4) of the exhaust side wall of the cylinder head structure concerning the 1st modification. It is a front view (figure corresponding to Drawing 4) of an exhaust side side wall of a cylinder head structure concerning the 2nd modification.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is merely an example, and there is no intention to exclude various modifications and technical applications that are not explicitly described in the following embodiment. Each configuration of the following embodiments can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the spirit thereof, and can be selected as necessary or can be appropriately combined.

[1. Construction]
[1-1. Overall structure]
A cylinder head structure according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, a cylinder head structure applied to an in-line four-cylinder engine will be described. In the following description, the side where a cylinder block (not shown) is coupled to the cylinder head 1 is defined as a lower side, and the opposite side, that is, the side where a head cover (not illustrated) is coupled to the cylinder head 1 is defined as an upper side. .

  That is, the cylinder head 1 is coupled to the upper surface of the cylinder block, and the head cover is coupled to the upper surface of the cylinder head 1. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper surface of the cylinder head 1 is recessed, and the valve operating chamber 7 is formed. The head cover is coupled upward so as to cover the valve operating chamber 7. The valve operating chamber 7 is provided with a camshaft or the like having an intake cam and an exhaust cam (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 2, four cylinders 2 (indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2) formed in the cylinder block are arranged in series, and pistons (not shown) are slidably mounted in these cylinders 2. . Hereinafter, a direction (row direction) in which the four cylinders 2 are arranged side by side is referred to as a cylinder row direction L. That is, the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head 1 coincides with the cylinder row direction L. Here, when the exhaust side is the upper side and the intake side is the lower side in a top view as shown in FIG. 2, the left side of the cylinder head 1 is called the front side, and the right side is called the rear side.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, four pent roof type combustion chambers 3 are formed on the lower surface of the cylinder head 1 at positions facing the top surface of the piston along the cylinder row direction L. Two intake valve holes 11 are formed on one (intake side) slope of the triangular roof shape of the combustion chamber 3, and two exhaust valve holes 21 are formed on the other (exhaust side) slope. The cylinder head 1 includes an intake port 12 that is curved from the two intake valve holes 11 toward the intake side wall 10, and an exhaust port 23 a that is curved from each exhaust valve hole 21 toward the exhaust side wall 20. Is provided.

  One intake port 12 is provided for each cylinder 2 and is formed in a Y shape when viewed from the top. The intake ports 12 are independently opened to the intake-side side wall 10 without gathering each other. That is, four intake ports 12 are formed in the cylinder head 1, and four openings (cylinder head inlets) are provided in the intake side wall 10.

  On the other hand, one exhaust port 23 a is provided for each exhaust valve hole 21, and the eight exhaust ports 23 a are assembled into one port inside the cylinder head 1. This gathering portion is called an exhaust gathering portion 23b. At the center in the direction in which the plurality of exhaust ports 23a are arranged (that is, in the cylinder row direction L of the exhaust side wall 20), one opening (hereinafter referred to as a cylinder head outlet 24) through which the exhaust collected at the exhaust collecting portion 23b flows out. ) Is provided. The eight exhaust ports 23a and the exhaust collecting portion 23b are hollow portions formed inside the cylinder head 1, and the collective exhaust port 23 is formed by these.

  In the cylinder head 1, a water jacket 30 for circulating cooling water is formed in order to suppress overheating of the combustion chamber 3 and the collective exhaust port 23 due to exhaust heat. The water jacket 30 is provided around the intake port 12 and the exhaust port 23a and above and below the exhaust collecting portion 23b, and circulates cooling water in the cylinder row direction L from the front side to the rear side of the cylinder head 1. .

  Here, the water jacket 30 is in the cylinder row direction at a position where the main water jacket 31 extending in the cylinder row direction L and the exhaust collecting portion 23b are vertically sandwiched so as to pass through the upper vicinity of the four combustion chambers 3. An upper water jacket 32 and a lower water jacket 33 extending to L are provided. The upper water jacket 32 and the lower water jacket 33 communicate with the main water jacket 31. The main water jacket 31 in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 is a portion that communicates the upper water jacket 32 and the lower water jacket 33. That is, the upper water jacket 32 is provided above the cross section shown in FIG. 2, and the lower water jacket 33 is provided below the cross section shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the upper water jacket 32 and the lower water jacket 33 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side in the vicinity of the downstream end (cylinder head outlet 24) of the collective exhaust port 23 at a protruding portion 25 described later of the exhaust side wall 20. Each is provided. As a result, the exhaust collecting portion 23b where hot exhaust gas collects and the upper and lower sides of the cylinder head outlet 24 are water-cooled.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cylinder head 1 has a boss portion 4 b formed at the center of each cylinder 2. An ignition plug (not shown) is inserted into the boss portion 4 b so as to face the combustion chamber 3. An insertion hole 4h is formed. Also, the cylinder head 1 has a plurality of fastening bolt holes 5 through which a plurality of fastening bolts (not shown) for coupling the cylinder head 1 to the cylinder block are inserted in the adjacent cylinders 2 on the intake side and the exhaust side. It is formed in the space and outside of the cylinder 2 at both ends. A breathing hole 6 is formed on the exhaust side of the cylinder head 1.

  Further, an oil hole 8 that penetrates the cylinder head 1 in the vertical direction (a direction orthogonal to the cylinder row direction L) is formed outside the cylinder port 1 in the cylinder row direction L of the exhaust port 23a located on the most rear side of the cylinder head 1. The The oil accumulated in the oil jacket provided at the bottom of the valve operating chamber 7 falls from the oil hole 8 or a front-side oil hole (not shown) to the oil pan.

[1-2. Exhaust side wall structure]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the exhaust-side side wall 20 has an arch-like projecting portion whose center is formed in a curved shape toward the outside at a portion facing the exhaust collection portion 23 b of the collective exhaust port 23. 25. In the overhanging portion 25, the upper surface portion 25a and the lower surface portion 25b are each formed in a flat arch shape, and the side surface portion 25c is formed in a curved surface shape. A flange portion 26 formed around the cylinder head outlet 24 is provided at the center in the cylinder row direction L of the side surface portion 25 c of the overhang portion 25. The flange portion 26 protrudes outward from the side surface portion 25c of the overhang portion 25 and is connected to an exhaust pipe (not shown).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the flange portion 26 has a planar fastening surface 26 a that surrounds the top, bottom, left and right of the cylinder head outlet 24, and a plurality of boss portions 26 b are provided at the four corners of the fastening surface 26 a. In the boss portion 26b, four fastening holes 26h for inserting a fastener for fixing the downstream end of the collective exhaust port 23 and the exhaust pipe are formed in a direction perpendicular to the fastening surface 26a. In addition, between the downstream end of the collective exhaust port 23 and the exhaust pipe, for example, a gasket (not shown) matching the shape of the fastening surface 26a is sandwiched.

  The upper two boss portions 26b are formed to bulge upward from the upper surface portion 25a of the overhang portion 25, and the lower two boss portions 26b are formed such that the lower surface of the boss portion 26b is the lower surface portion of the overhang portion 25. It is formed so as to substantially match 25b. The two upper fastening holes 26h are provided above the upper water jacket 32 inside the cylinder head 1, and the two lower fastening holes 26h are the same as the lower water jacket 33 inside the cylinder head 1. Provided at height.

  The flange portion 26 has a thinning portion 26c in which the thickness of the flange portion 26 is formed thinner than that of the other portion at portions located on both sides of the cylinder head outlet 24 in the cylinder row direction L. The thickness of the flange portion 26 here is the shortest length from the outer peripheral edge of the cylinder head outlet 24 to the outer edge of the fastening surface 26a in the cylinder row direction and the vertical direction (that is, as shown in FIG. It means the width and height when the fastening surface 26a is viewed from the front.

  The thinning portions 26 c are formed in a region sandwiched between the upper water jacket 32 and the lower water jacket 33 and are provided on both the left and right sides of the cylinder head outlet 24. The thinned portion 26c is a portion where the outer peripheral surface has been thinned so that the thickness of the flange portion 26 is thinner than other portions (for example, the upper side or the lower side of the cylinder head outlet 24).

  The thinned portion 26c is a curve that connects between the upper and lower boss portions 26b such that the thickness of the flange portion 26 decreases as the distance from the upper and lower boss portions 26b increases (that is, as the distance between the upper and lower boss portions 26b increases). Formed as a surface. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, when the fastening surface 26a of the flange portion 26 is viewed from the front, the thinning portion 26c is formed such that the left and right outer peripheral surfaces of the flange portion 26 are concavely curved toward the cylinder head outlet 24 side. It is installed. The thinned portion 26c is formed with the smallest thickness at the center between the upper and lower boss portions 26b. A portion indicated by a dimension line A in FIG. 4 is a portion where the thickness of the thinned portion 26c is the thinnest, and this portion is hereinafter referred to as a thinnest portion A.

  The region sandwiched between the water jackets 32 and 33 in the exhaust-side side wall 20 of the cylinder head 1 is cooled by air cooling because the water jackets 32 and 33 are less likely to be water-cooled and become heat spots. Hereinafter, this region is referred to as an air cooling region. The cylinder head 1 is provided with the thinned portion 26c in the flange portion 26 in the air cooling region, so that the exhaust heat is prevented from staying in the flange portion 26. That is, by providing the thinning portion 26c, the air cooling region is prevented from becoming a heat spot.

  Further, the center between the upper and lower boss portions 26b is a portion where the fastening force by the fastener is the weakest, is a portion where thermal deformation is likely to occur, and exhaust leakage may occur. Therefore, by setting this portion as the thinnest portion A of the thinned portion 26c, heat accumulation is suppressed and thermal deformation is suppressed. Thereby, deformation of the fastening surface 26a is also suppressed, and exhaust leakage is also prevented.

  On the side surface portion 25c of the projecting portion 25 of the exhaust-side side wall 20, ribs 27 are formed so as to bulge from the two wall removal portions 26c of the flange portion 26 in the cylinder row direction L. The two ribs 27 are both provided in the air-cooling region and extend along the cylinder row direction L from the center P of the cylinder head outlet 24. One end of the rib 27 on the cylinder head outlet 24 side is connected to a position slightly lower than the thinnest portion A of the thinned portion 26 c of the flange portion 26. The length of the rib 27 in the cylinder row direction L and the length in the vertical direction are appropriately set in consideration of the hot water flow (melt fluidity) when the cylinder head 1 is manufactured.

  Since the rib 27 bulges on the exhaust side wall 20, the area in contact with air is increased, and the heat dissipation is improved. Furthermore, since the rib 27 is formed to be connected to the thinned portion 26c where heat dissipation is promoted, the heat dissipation of the exhaust side wall 20 is further enhanced. Since the upper and lower water jackets 32 and 33 are provided with the exhaust collecting portion 23b sandwiched between them, the ribs 27 provided along the cylinder row direction L from the center of the cylinder head outlet 24 are connected to the upper water jacket 32 and the lower water jacket 32. Located farthest from the water jacket 33. This position is a portion where it is difficult to obtain a cooling effect from the upper and lower water jackets 32 and 33, but by forming the rib 27 here, the heat dissipation by air cooling is enhanced.

[2. effect]
(1) Generally, exhaust heat is likely to accumulate on the fastening surface 26a of the cylinder head 1 and the exhaust pipe having the built-in exhaust port 23 having the exhaust collecting portion 23b, and the cooling performance of the engine and the cylinder head 1 is likely to deteriorate. There is a problem.
In contrast, in the cylinder head structure according to the present embodiment, the flange portion 26 is heated by providing a thinned portion 26c in which a part of the flange portion 26 (portion located in the cylinder row direction L) is formed thin. It is possible to suppress the accumulation. Thereby, a deformation | transformation of the fastening surface 26a of the cylinder head 1 and an exhaust pipe can be suppressed, and fastening force can be maintained.

  In addition to this, by extending the rib 27 from the thinned portion 26c, the heat of the flange portion 26 can be radiated to the rib 27, and the heat radiation property of the exhaust side wall 20 of the cylinder head 1 can be enhanced. . Thereby, the cooling performance of an engine or the cylinder head 1 can be improved. Further, since the heat radiation property of the exhaust side wall 20 can be enhanced without forming a water jacket outside the exhaust collecting portion 23b, the cylinder head 1 can be made compact, and the product cost can be suppressed. Furthermore, the provision of the ribs 27 can improve the flow of hot water when the cylinder head 1 is manufactured, so that the manufacturing cost can also be suppressed.

  (2) In the above cylinder head structure, the thinned portion 26c is formed as a curved surface that connects the plurality of boss portions 26b so that the thickness of the flange portion 26 decreases as the distance from the boss portion 26b increases. The heat dissipation can be improved by increasing the thickness of the flange portion 26 in the boss portion 26b while ensuring a sufficient fastening area and reducing the thickness of the flange portion 26 in the thinned portion 26c.

  (3) In the cylinder head structure described above, the thinned portion 26c is formed thinnest at the center between the plurality of boss portions 26b. Thereby, it can suppress that heat accumulates in the center between the boss | hub parts 26b from which the fastening force by a fastener becomes the weakest, and can suppress a thermal deformation. Therefore, deformation of the fastening surface 26a can also be suppressed, and exhaust leakage from the joint surface between the fastening surface 26a and the exhaust pipe can be prevented.

  (4) In the cylinder head structure described above, the rib 27 is formed along the cylinder row direction L from the center of the cylinder head outlet 24, that is, at a position farthest from the upper and lower water jackets 32 and 33. Thereby, the heat dissipation of the part where the water-cooling effect by the water jackets 32 and 33 is most difficult to obtain (hard to cool) can be enhanced, and the heat distribution of the entire cylinder head 1 can be homogenized.

[3. Others]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of fin portions 28 bulging continuously with the ribs 27 may be provided on the exhaust side wall 20. FIG. 5 illustrates an example in which three fin portions 28 extending vertically in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the ribs 27 (that is, the cylinder row direction L) are provided on the left and right sides of the flange portion 26. . The fin portion 28 is formed in the air cooling region.

  With such a configuration, the heat radiation surface can be increased, and the heat radiation performance of the exhaust side wall 20 can be further improved. Furthermore, the hot water flow at the time of manufacture can be further improved. In addition, the rigidity of the exhaust side wall 20 can be increased. Note that the number, size, shape, and the like of the fin portions 28 are not limited to those illustrated, and can be set as appropriate in consideration of heat dissipation and hot water flow. For example, the fin portion 28 may be provided obliquely with respect to the rib 27 or may have a thickness equivalent to that of the rib 27.

  Moreover, the shape of the flange part 26 is not restricted to what was mentioned above. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a thinning portion 26 c may be provided in which the left and right outer peripheral surfaces of the flange portion 26 are projected in a curved shape from the cylinder head outlet 24 toward the outside. That is, the thinned portion 26c only needs to be formed thinner than the other portions, and is not limited to one in which the left and right outer peripheral surfaces of the flange portion 26 are formed in a concave shape. Further, the thinned portion 26c may not have the thinnest portion A, and may have a substantially constant thickness in the vicinity of the center between the upper and lower boss portions 26b. By making the flange part 26 into a shape as shown in FIG. 6, a sufficient area for sandwiching the gasket can be secured, and exhaust leakage can be prevented.

  Moreover, although the flange part 26 illustrated what was arrange | positioned in the center of the cylinder row direction L in the said embodiment, the position of the flange part 26 is not restricted to this, Even if it shifted to either the right or left Good. Moreover, the boss | hub part 26b of the flange part 26 does not need to be provided in the four corners of the fastening surface 26a. Further, the positional relationship between the boss portion 26b and the water jackets 32 and 33 inside the cylinder head 1 is not limited to the above.

  The cylinder head structure can also be applied to multi-cylinder engines other than the in-line four-cylinder engine (for example, in-line three-cylinder engine and V-type six-cylinder engine). Further, the engine may be provided with one intake valve hole 11 and one exhaust valve hole 21 in one cylinder 2, and the shape of the combustion chamber 3 and the shape of the water jacket 30 are not limited to those described above. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder head 2 Cylinder 3 Combustion chamber 10 Intake side wall 11 Intake valve hole 12 Intake port 20 Exhaust side wall 21 Exhaust valve hole 23 Collective exhaust port 23a Exhaust port 23b Exhaust gather part 24 Cylinder head outlet 25 Overhang part 25a Upper surface part 25b Lower surface portion 25c Side surface portion 26 Flange portion 26a Fastening surface 26b Boss portion 26c Wall removal portion 26h Bolt hole 27 Rib 28 Fin portion 30 Water jacket 31 Main water jacket 32 Upper water jacket 33 Lower water jacket 33

Claims (6)

An exhaust collecting portion in which a plurality of exhaust ports connected to a plurality of cylinders gather;
A water jacket that is formed in the cylinder head and that circulates cooling water in the direction in which the plurality of cylinders are arranged at each of the positions where the exhaust assembly portion is sandwiched vertically, and
A cylinder head outlet provided in the exhaust collecting portion;
A flange portion formed around the cylinder head outlet and having a fastening surface with the exhaust pipe;
At sites located on both sides of the front Symbol column arrangement direction of the cylinder head outlet a region interposed between the upper and lower water jacket, and the cutouts formed by the thickness of the flange portion is formed thinner than the other portion ,
A cylinder head structure, comprising: a rib bulging on an exhaust side wall of the cylinder head and extending from the thinning portion toward the row direction. The flange portion has a plurality of boss portions to which fasteners for fixing the downstream end of the exhaust collecting portion and the exhaust pipe are attached;
The said thinning part is formed as a curved surface which connects between these boss | hub parts so that the thickness of the said flange part may become so thin that it leaves | separates from the said boss | hub part. Cylinder head structure. The cylinder head structure according to claim 2, wherein the thinning portion is formed thinnest at a center between the plurality of boss portions. The cylinder head structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a fin portion bulging continuously from the rib on the exhaust side wall. Before SL ribs, wherein the cutout portion along the center of the cylinder head outlet to the column arrangement direction is extended, characterized in that located sandwiched between the water jacket, any of claims 1 to 4 The cylinder head structure according to claim 1.   The said thinning part is protrudingly provided in the curved shape toward the outer side from the said cylinder head exit on the outer peripheral surface of the left and right of the said flange part
The cylinder head structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein

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