JP6216305B2 - 薬物過量摂取の治療のためのモルヒナン誘導体 - Google Patents
薬物過量摂取の治療のためのモルヒナン誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6216305B2 JP6216305B2 JP2014216538A JP2014216538A JP6216305B2 JP 6216305 B2 JP6216305 B2 JP 6216305B2 JP 2014216538 A JP2014216538 A JP 2014216538A JP 2014216538 A JP2014216538 A JP 2014216538A JP 6216305 B2 JP6216305 B2 JP 6216305B2
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Description
本願は、2009年12月4日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/266,881号の利益を主張する。上記出願の全教示は、参照により本明細書に援用される。
本発明は、薬物毒性および薬物過量摂取、特にオピオイドの過量摂取の治療に有用なモルヒナン化合物に関する。
オピオイドは、天然物質および合成物質の両方を含む薬物の部類である。天然のオピオイド(アヘン剤という)としては、アヘンおよびモルヒネが挙げられる。最も濫用されるオピオイドであるヘロインは、アヘンから合成される。一般的に咳抑制剤としてまたは下痢止め剤として疼痛について処方される他の合成オピオイドとしては、コデイン、オキシコドン(OXYCONTIN(登録商標))、メペリジン(DEMEROL(登録商標))、フェンタニール(SUBLIMAZE(登録商標))、ヒドロモルホン(DILAUDID(登録商標))、メタドンおよびプロポキシフェン(DARVON(登録商標))が挙げられる。通常ヘロインは、静脈内または皮下のいずれかで注射されるが、タバコで吸うか、または経鼻的に使用されることもある。他のオピオイドは、注射されるかまたは経口摂取のいずれかされる。
本発明は、特定のカルボキサミド置換モルヒナンが、薬物過量摂取および薬物過量摂取の症状、特にオピオイド過量摂取の治療に有用であるという予期されない発見に関する。カルボキサミド置換モルヒナンは、ナロキソンと比べて長期間、例えば24〜48時間の薬物過量摂取の治療に有効である。本発明の別の局面は、薬物過量摂取、特にオピオイド過量摂取の治療のための、ナロキソンと組み合わせたまたは併用したカルボキサミド置換モルヒナンの使用である。本発明のさらに別の局面は、オピオイド経験非依存性患者におけるオピオイド過量摂取の治療である。
(式中、
R1は、-(CH2)n-c-C3H5、-(CH2)n-c-C4H7、-(CH2)n-c-C5H9、-(CH2)n-CH=CH2または-(CH2)n-CH=C(CH3)2であり、ここでnは独立して、0、1、2または3であり;
R2は、-CONH2または-CSNH2であり;
R3およびR4は独立して、H、-OHであるかまたはR3およびR4は一緒になって、-O-基もしくは-S-基を形成し;
R5は、HまたはC1-C8アルキルであり;
R6およびR7は独立して、H、-OH、OCH3であるかまたはR6およびR7は一緒になって、=O基もしくは=CH2基を形成する)
の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩、エステルもしくはプロドラッグの投与による薬物過量摂取の治療に関する。
本発明は、薬物毒性または薬物過量摂取の治療のための、式Iのカルボキサミド置換モルヒナンの使用に関する。本発明は、式Iの化合物が薬物毒性または薬物過量摂取に苦しむ患者の治療に持続的な効果を発揮するという予期しない発見に関する。式Iの化合物は、オピオイド毒性またはオピオイド過量摂取の治療のために、単回用量または1回の1日用量として使用され得る。
(式中、
R1は、-(CH2)n-c-C3H5、-(CH2)n-c-C4H7、-(CH2)n-c-C5H9、-(CH2)n-CH=CH2または-(CH2)n-CH=C(CH3)2であり、ここでnは独立して、0、1、2または3であり;
R2は、-CONH2または-CSNH2であり;
R3およびR4は独立して、H、-OHであるかまたはR3およびR4は一緒になって、-O-基もしくは-S-基を形成し;
R5は、HまたはC1-C8アルキルであり;
R6およびR7は独立して、H、-OH、OCH3であるかまたはR6およびR7は一緒になって、=O基もしくは=CH2基を形成する)
の化合物、またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩、エステルもしくはプロドラッグの経口または静脈内または筋内の投与による、薬物過量摂取の治療に関する。
本発明を説明するために使用する種々の用語の定義を以下に列挙する。これらの定義は、具体例において他に限定されていない限り、個々に、または大きな群の一部としてのいずれかで本明細書および特許請求の範囲を通じて使用される際に用語に適用される。
本発明の医薬組成物は、1種類以上の薬学的に許容され得る担体と一緒に製剤化された治療有効量の本発明の化合物を含む。本明細書で使用する場合、用語「薬学的に許容され得る担体」は、任意の型の無毒性の、不活性な固体、半固体または液体の、充填剤、希釈剤、カプセル封入物質または製剤化助剤を意味する。薬学的に許容され得る担体としての機能を果たし得る物質のいくつかの例は、ラクトース、グルコースおよびスクロースなどの糖類;トウモロコシデンプンおよびジャガイモデンプンなどのデンプン;セルロースならびにカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、エチルセルロースおよび酢酸セルロースなどのその誘導体;粉末トラガカント;麦芽;ゼラチン;タルク;ココアバターおよび坐剤用ワックスなどの賦形剤;ピーナッツ油、綿実油;ベニバナ油;ゴマ油;オリーブ油;トウモロコシ油およびダイズ油などの油;プロピレングリコールなどのグリコール;オレイン酸エチルおよびラウリン酸エチルなどのエステル;寒天;水酸化マグネシウムおよび水酸化アルミニウムなどの緩衝剤;アルギン酸;発熱物質無含有水;等張性生理食塩水;リンゲル液;エチルアルコール、およびリン酸バッファー溶液、ならびにラウリル硫酸ナトリウムおよびステアリン酸マグネシウムなどの他の無毒性の適合性の滑沢剤、ならびに着色剤、放出剤(releasing agent)、コーティング剤、甘味料、矯味矯臭剤および芳香剤であり、保存料および酸化防止剤もまた、製剤者の判断に応じて、組成物中に存在させてもよい。
本発明の化合物および方法は、本発明の化合物が調製され得る方法を示し、単なる例示を意図し、本発明の範囲を限定しない以下の合成スキームと関連させて、よりよく理解されよう。開示された態様に対する種々の変更および改変は当業者に自明であり、限定されないが、本発明の化学構造、置換基、誘導体、製剤および/または方法に関するものを含むかかる変更および改変は、本発明の精神および添付の特許請求の範囲の範囲から逸脱せずに行なわれ得る。
本発明の化合物および方法は、単なる例示を意図し、本発明の範囲を限定しない以下の実施例と関連させて、よりよく理解されよう。開示された態様に対する種々の変更および改変は当業者に自明であり、限定されないが、本発明の化学構造、置換基、誘導体、製剤および/または方法に関するものを含むかかる変更および改変は、本発明の精神および添付の特許請求の範囲の範囲から逸脱せずに行なわれ得る。
不活性雰囲気下の被覆(jacketed)反応器に、化合物1(80g)を添加した。該反応器にメタノール(250mL)、次いでエタノール(250mL)を添加した。反応器の内容物を約65℃まで温めた。リンゴ酸のエタノール溶液(100mLのエタノール中34.5gのリンゴ酸)を60〜65℃で反応器に添加した。高温で攪拌後、反応器内容物をゆっくりと室温まで冷却した。ろ過により固体を分離して、数倍容量のメタノール:エタノール(40:60)溶液で湿ったケークを洗浄した。一定重量に達するまで、固体を真空オーブン中で乾燥させた。
NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): 14.37, 0.9H, s; 12.39, 1.3H, br; 8.41, 1.2H, s; 7.93, 1.2H, s; 7.66, 1.1H, d; 6.65, 1.2H, d; 6.29-4.83, 1.6H, m, 4.04, 1.2H, m; 3.87, 1.2H, d; 3.48, 1.2H, d; 3.10, 2.1H, m; 2.90-2.73, 2.9H, m; 2.72-2.48, 4.5H, m; 2.37, 1.1H, dd; 2.13, 2H, m; 1.96, 1.1H, m; 1.80, 1.9H, m; 1.59, 1H, d; 0.97, 1H, m; 0.57, 2H, m; 0.27, 2H, m.
[1]式I:
(式中、
R1は、-(CH2)n-c-C3H5、-(CH2)n-c-C4H7、-(CH2)n-c-C5H9、-(CH2)n-CH=CH2または-(CH2)n-CH=C(CH3)2であり、ここでnは独立して、0、1、2または3であり;
R2は、-CONH2または-CSNH2であり;
R3およびR4は独立して、H、-OHであるかまたはR3およびR4は一緒になって、-O-基もしくは-S-基を形成し;
R5は、HまたはC1-C8アルキルであり;
R6およびR7は独立して、H、-OH、OCH3であるかまたはR6およびR7は一緒になって、=O基もしくは=CH2基を形成する)
の化合物または薬学的に許容され得る塩、エステル代謝産物もしくはプロドラッグを投与する工程を含む、薬物毒性または薬物過量摂取の治療を必要とする被験体における薬物毒性または薬物過量摂取の治療方法。
[2]前記式Iの化合物が
である、[1]記載の方法。
[3]前記化合物が、式:
を有するマレイン酸塩である、[1]記載の方法。
[4]前記薬物毒性または薬物過量摂取が、非依存性患者へのオピオイド投与により生じる、[1]または[2]記載の方法。
[5]前記被験体が、オピオイド経験、非依存性オピオイドユーザーである、[1]〜[4]いずれか記載の方法。
[6]前記式Iの化合物が、約3〜約20mg/日の1日用量で投与される、[1]または[2]記載の方法。
[7]前記1日用量が、約10mg/日である、[6]記載の方法。
[8]式Iの化合物の投与により、薬物毒性または薬物過量摂取の症状が少なくとも約15〜約30分間にわたり低減される、[1]記載の方法。
[9]薬物過量摂取の症状が、少なくとも1時間低減される、[8]記載の方法。
[10]薬物過量摂取の症状が、少なくとも2時間低減される、[8]記載の方法。
[11]薬物過量摂取の症状が、少なくとも3時間低減される、[8]記載の方法。
[12]薬物過量摂取の症状が、少なくとも4時間低減される、[8]記載の方法。
[13]薬物過量摂取の症状が、少なくとも8時間低減される、[8]記載の方法。
[14]前記投与が、約3mg〜約20mgの式Iの化合物を含む、[8]〜[13]いずれか記載の方法。
[15]前記過量摂取の症状が、呼吸数の低下、呼吸深度(respiratory depth)の低下、無呼吸、コモトーシス(comotosis)、低酸素症、せん妄 低血圧、徐脈、体温の低下、尿停留および瞳孔縮瞳から選択される、[8]〜[13]いずれか記載の方法。
[16]前記化合物が、式:
の塩である、[15]記載の方法。
[17]約3mg〜約20mgの前記化合物の投与を含む、[16]記載の方法。
[18]第1のオピオイド受容体アンタゴニスト、次いで式I:
(式中、
R1は、-(CH2)n-c-C3H5、-(CH2)n-c-C4H7、-(CH2)n-c-C5H9、-(CH2)n-CH=CH2または-(CH2)n-CH=C(CH3)2であり、nは独立して、0、1、2または3であり;
R2は、-CONH2または-CSNH2であり;
R3およびR4は独立して、H、-OHであるかまたはR3およびR4は一緒になって、-O-基もしくは-S-基を形成し;
R5は、HまたはC1-C8アルキルであり;
R6およびR7は独立して、H、-OH、OCH3であるかまたはR6およびR7は一緒になって、=O基もしくは=CH2基を形成する)
の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩、エステルもしくはプロドラッグを投与する工程を含む、オピオイド毒性またはオピオイド過量摂取の治療を必要とする被験体におけるオピオイド毒性またはオピオイド過量摂取の治療方法。
[19]前記第1のオピオイド受容体アンタゴニストがナロキソンである、[18]記載の方法。
[20]前記化合物が、式:
の塩である、[18]または[19]記載の方法。
[21]前記被験体が、オピオイド経験、非依存性オピオイドユーザーである、[19]記載の方法。
[22]前記式Iの化合物の投与の先に、前記ナロキソン投与を行う、[19]記載の方法。
[23]式Iの化合物の投与の前に、前記ナロキソン投与により、過量摂取または毒性の症状が低減される、[22]記載の方法。
[24]ナロキソンが式Iの化合物と同時に投与される、[19]記載の方法。
[25]1時間にわたる期間の急性オピオイド毒性または急性オピオイド過量摂取の治療を必要とする被験体への式I:
(式中、
R1は、-(CH2)n-c-C3H5、-(CH2)n-c-C4H7、-(CH2)n-c-C5H9、-(CH2)n-CH=CH2または-(CH2)n-CH=C(CH3)2であり、nは独立して、0、1、2または3であり;
R2は、-CONH2または-CSNH2であり;
R3およびR4は独立して、H、-OHであるかまたはR3およびR4は一緒になって、-O-基もしくは-S-基を形成し;
R5は、HまたはC1-C8アルキルであり;
R6およびR7は独立して、H、-OH、OCH3であるかまたはR6およびR7は一緒になって、=O基もしくは=CH2基を形成する)
の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩、エステルもしくはプロドラッグの単回投与を含む、1時間にわたる期間の急性オピオイド毒性または急性オピオイド過量摂取の治療方法。
[26]前記被験体が、非依存性オピオイド経験患者である、[25]記載の方法。
[27]オピオイド毒性またはオピオイド過量摂取の症状が、1時間より長い期間低減される、[25]記載の方法。
[28]オピオイド毒性またはオピオイド過量摂取の症状が、4時間より長い期間低減される、[25]記載の方法。
[29]オピオイド毒性またはオピオイド過量摂取の症状が、8時間より長い期間低減される、[25]記載の方法。
[30]オピオイド毒性またはオピオイド過量摂取の症状が、24時間より長い期間低減される、[25]記載の方法。
[31]前記化合物が、式
の塩である、[25]〜[30]いずれか記載の方法。
[32]式I:
(式中、
R1は、-(CH2)n-c-C3H5、-(CH2)n-c-C4H7、-(CH2)n-c-C5H9、-(CH2)n-CH=CH2または-(CH2)n-CH=C(CH3)2であり、式中nは独立して、0、1、2または3であり;
R2は、-CONH2または-CSNH2であり;
R3およびR4は独立して、H、-OHであるかまたはR3およびR4は一緒になって、-O-基もしくは-S-基を形成し;
R5は、HまたはC1-C8アルキルであり;
R6およびR7は独立して、H、-OH、OCH3であるかまたはR6およびR7は一緒になって、=O基もしくは=CH2基を形成する)
の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩、エステルもしくはプロドラッグの投与を含む、オピオイド毒性またはオピオイド過量摂取のモニタリングされない治療を必要とする患者におけるオピオイド毒性またはオピオイド過量摂取のモニタリングされない治療方法。
[33]前記モニタリングされない治療が、1時間を超えた時間にわたり有効である、[32]記載の方法。
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CA2782529C (en) | 2015-05-26 |
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RS58894B1 (sr) | 2019-08-30 |
JP2015038139A (ja) | 2015-02-26 |
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US20160051535A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
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