JP6208918B2 - Aquaculture equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an aquaculture device for fish, crustaceans, shellfish and other marine products.

  There are a wide variety of seafood aquaculture equipment, but a septic tank (filter tank) is provided separately from the breeding tank for raising seafood, and the breeding water in the breeding tank is routed through a circulation path with a pump. Many of them are circulated to purify the breeding water in the breeding aquarium (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In addition, an air lift device (gas-liquid mixed water flow generator) is installed in the aquarium where fish and shellfish are bred, so that solids deposited on the bottom of the aquarium are blown up with the breeding water and air, and then filtered or centrifuged. The solid content is removed by a machine or the like, and the breeding water is returned to the aquarium (for example, see Patent Documents 2 and 3), and the filter medium is a fluid carrier dredge material, that is, a biofilter (for example, And Patent Document 4).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-092953 JP 2006-217822 A JP 2013-240296 A JP 2012-239414 A

In what is described in Patent Document 1, since the breeding water in the breeding tank is circulated to the septic tank by the power of a pump or the like, a large amount of electric power is required, and described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 In what is being done, the breeding water containing the solid content pumped up by the air lift is passed through the filtration device to remove the solid content, so that alone removes soluble harmful substances such as ammonia dissolved in the breeding water. I can't do it.
By the way, in what is described in the cited document 3, the seawater that has passed through the suspension filter is supplied to the second ginger, so that soluble harmful substances such as ammonia are adsorbed as nutrients for seaweeds. I have to.

Patent Document 4 describes a water treatment device that purifies breeding water by flowing a fluid carrier shell material constituting a biofilter by aeration in a tower tank. Since it is not sufficient, an auxiliary filtration tank containing a biological filter medium formed by laminating a glass foam filter medium having a large number of small holes on the surface is provided in addition to the aquaculture pond. I am trying to return it to the aquaculture pond.
Incidentally, in what is described in this Patent Document 4, floating food such as fish residual food and feces drifting near the bottom 5 of the aquaculture pond 1 gradually gather in the lower slope as the water moves (Patent Document 4). Paragraph 0021) However, since the second air blower 32 is installed outside the tower tank 10 (paragraph 0020), the suspended matter gathered near the tower tank 10 is There is a problem that it is raised by the air ejected from the second air ejector 32 and is repeatedly circulated in the culture pond 1 without being taken out from the water intake 8.

As described above, various breeding water purification devices have been conventionally provided, but none of them can satisfy all of the following four elements.
(1) Circulation of breeding water without using special power other than air source.
(2) Purify breeding water efficiently.
(3) Supply oxygen efficiently to breeding water.
(4) Efficiently warm the breeding water.

  In view of the above-described problems of the conventional technology, the present invention can efficiently circulate breeding water without using any power other than the air source, purify breeding water, supply oxygen, It is an object of the present invention to provide an aquaculture device that can efficiently heat breeding water and satisfy all of the above four elements.

According to the present invention, the above problem is solved as follows.
(1) A septic tank and a growth tank whose bottom surface is inclined downward toward the bottom of the septic tank;
Partitioning the septic tank and the growth tank, and in the upper and lower parts, a partition wall provided with an opening that allows the circulation of breeding water in both tanks, a net provided in the upper and lower openings of the partition wall, The floating dredging material that is disposed in the septic tank, coarser than the nets of the net, and by supplying air to the lower part of the septic tank, the breeding water and the floating dredging material in the septic tank are raised and stirred, An aeration apparatus for circulating the breeding water from the septic tank to the growth tank through the opening at the top of the partition wall and from the growth tank to the septic tank through the opening at the bottom of the partition wall, and a lower end of the bottom of the septic tank An air lift pipe disposed in the septic tank so as to reach the vicinity, and an air supply means for supplying air into the air lift pipe from a lower end portion or an intermediate portion in the air lift pipe An air lift device for raising the sludge contained in the breeding water together with the breeding water in the septic tank by raising the air supplied into the air lift pipe, and breeding water containing the sludge sucked up from the air lift pipe in the air lift device And a filtering means for removing sludge and returning only the breeding water to the septic tank or the breeding tank.

According to such a configuration, the floating dredged material is raised and stirred in the septic tank by the air supplied into the septic tank by the aeration apparatus, and the breeding water in the septic tank is efficiently purified. After the raised clean water is discharged from the upper opening of the partition wall to the upper part of the breeding tank and descends along the opposite wall of the breeding tank, the raised breeding water follows the inclined bottom surface of the growing tank. Then, it flows down obliquely downward, enters the septic tank through the opening at the bottom of the partition wall, and is continuously and efficiently circulated through the septic tank and the growing tank. The circulation of the breeding water is caused only by the air supplied by the aeration apparatus, and it is not necessary to use special power other than the air source.
In addition, sludge such as seafood droppings and residual food deposited on the bottom surface of the breeding tank is caused to flow down diagonally downward to the bottom of the septic tank along the slanted bottom surface of the septic tank by circulating the breeding water. At the bottom, it is sucked up with the breeding water by the air lift device, and then removed from the breeding water when passing through the filtering means, thereby promoting the purification of the breeding water. By passing through the filtering means, the breeding water from which the sludge has been removed and cleaned is returned to the septic tank.
Furthermore, oxygen is supplied to the breeding water by the air supplied to the breeding water by the aeration device and the air lift device, and the breeding water is gradually heated by the heat of the air.
When it is desired to increase the temperature of the breeding water more positively, the air supplied to the aeration apparatus and the air lift apparatus may be heated by a heater (outside the constituent elements of the invention).

(2) In the above item (1), the filtering means includes an inclined filter in which the accumulated sludge falls along the inclination.

  According to such a configuration, the sludge can be continuously removed from the breeding water using only the natural drop force of the breeding water and the sludge without using special power.

(3) In the above item (1) or (2), the filtering means is disposed below the horizontal pipe connected to the upper end of the air lift pipe in the air lift device and above the water level in the septic tank, and sucked up from the air lift pipe. The breeding water containing sludge is supplied from the horizontal pipe to the filtration means by natural fall, and the breeding water from which the sludge has been removed by the filtration means is fed into the septic tank by natural fall.

  According to such a configuration, the breeding water from which the sludge has been removed can be returned to the septic tank using only the natural drop force of the breeding water without using special power.

(4) In any one of the above items (1) to (3), the filtering means is provided with a sterilizer for sterilizing the breeding water from which the sludge has been removed.

  According to such a configuration, not only the sludge is removed from the breeding water, but also the breeding water from which the sludge has been removed can be sterilized, and diseases of the marine products to be bred can be prevented.

(5) In any one of the above items (1) to (4), a saddle cradle is provided above the lower end of the air lift pipe in the septic tank, through which the air lift pipe penetrates and inclined downward toward the outside. A net having a mesh that prevents the floating dredger from passing between the outer end of the dredger rack and the inner surface of the septic tank is installed.

  According to such a configuration, when the floating dredge floating in the septic tank sinks, it flows up and down along the inclined surface of the dredger frame, and then is raised by the breeding water flow rising through the outer net. As a result, the floating dredged material does not accumulate on the dredged material rack.

(6) In any one of the above items (1) to (5), one or more partition plates that divide the tank into a plurality of small chambers are provided in the septic tank and / or the growth tank.

  According to such a structure, a marine product can be categorized and grown according to the kind and growth stage difference.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently circulate breeding water without using any power other than the air source, and to efficiently purify breeding water, supply oxygen, and warm breeding water. Therefore, it is possible to provide an aquaculture device that can satisfy all of the above four elements.

It is a top view of one embodiment of the aquaculture device of the present invention. It is a vertical front view in the II-II line of FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional side view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical side view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of an aquaculture apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
This aquaculture device has a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is open in the left-right direction with an open top surface, a septic tank 1 having a groove 2 for sludge accumulation that is continuous in the left-right direction at the center of the bottom surface 1a, and front and rear of the septic tank 1. The bottom surface 3 a is provided with a pair of front and rear growth tanks 3 and 3 that are inclined downward toward the bottom surface 1 a of the septic tank 1.

A partition wall 4 facing in the left-right direction is provided between the septic tank 1 and each growth tank 3, and one or more partition plates 5 facing in the front-rear direction are provided in the septic tank 1. Inside, one or a plurality of partition plates 6 facing in the front-rear direction are provided.
The number and arrangement of the partition plates 5 and the partition plates 6 are often made to correspond to each other, but need not necessarily correspond to each other.

  The partition plates 5 and 6 are used to divide the septic tank 1 and the growth tank 3 into a plurality of small chambers, and are formed of a liquid-tight material in order to divide and grow according to the kind of fishery product and the growth stage. However, depending on the purpose, it may be formed of a water-permeable material such as a net.

Openings 8 and 9 that allow the breeding water 7 to flow between the septic tank 1 and the respective breeding tanks 3 are provided at the upper and lower portions of the respective sections of the partition walls 4 separated by the respective partition plates 6. Yes.
The lower end of the lower opening 9 reaches a portion where the bottom surface 1a of the septic tank 1 and the bottom surface 3a of the breeding tank 3 are in the same plane and continues to the fish. It is preferable that the sludge 10 flows smoothly through the opening 9 to the bottom surface 1 a of the septic tank 1.
Each opening 8 and 9 is provided with a net 11.

  In the central part in the front-rear direction in the portion above the lower opening 9 in the septic tank 1, an upward convex arc-shaped or mountain-shaped material extending in the left-right direction and inclined downward from the center part to both front and rear sides A gantry 12 is disposed, and a net 13 is stretched between the front and rear ends of the saddle material gantry 12 and the inner surface of the septic tank 1, that is, the inner surface of the partition wall 4.

Below the front and rear nets 13, 13 for each small compartment divided by the partition plate 5 in the septic tank 1, two aerating pipes 15, 15 facing the left-right direction that form the main part of the aeration device 14 are provided. ing.
Each air diffuser 15 is connected to an air source 17 via an air supply pipe 16.

A floating dredging material 18 that is coarser than the eyes of the nets 11 and 13 floats in the breeding water 7 in the area above the dredging material stand 12 for each small compartment divided by the partition plate 5 in the septic tank 1. Contained.
The floating brazing material 18 is, for example, product numbers LSB2.5 to LSB35-2 of IMT Co., Ltd. (8, Sanei-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo) or the biofilter described in Patent Document 4 above. As described above, a fluid carrier brazing material made of a small and lightweight synthetic resin material provided with a large number of protrusions on the surface so that microorganisms can easily adhere, or other known floating brazing material can be used.

An air lift device 19 is provided at the center of each chamber in the septic tank 1 divided by the partition plate 5.
As shown in FIG. 4, each air lift device 19 includes a protective cylinder 20 erected on the bottom surface 1 a of the septic tank 1 so as to penetrate the central part of the saddle gantry 12, and an inner surface of the protective cylinder 20. A plurality of armpits 21 facing the centripetal direction are held so as to be positioned at the center of the protective cylinder 20, and the lower end is fitted into the concave groove 2 in the bottom surface 1a of the septic tank 1, or reaches near the bottom surface 1a. The air lift pipe 22 and the intermediate part (or the lower end part of the air lift pipe 22) above the lower end of the air lift pipe 22 are provided in an annular shape, and the air introduced into the air reservoir 23 is supplied to the air lift pipe An air supply member 25 that is ejected into the air lift pipe 22 from an air ejection port 24 provided in the air supply port 22, and an air supply pipe 26 that connects the air source 17 and the air supply member 25 are provided.
An air supply means 27 that supplies air into the air lift pipe 22 is formed by the air outlet 24, the air supply member 25, the air supply pipe 26 and the air source 17.

At the lower end of each air lift pipe 22, a chevron-shaped notch 22a for facilitating suction of the sludge 10 is provided.
The upper end of each air lift pipe 22 is connected to a horizontal pipe 28 supported horizontally above the septic tank 1.

  By supplying air from the air outlet 24 in each air lift pipe 22, the breeding water 7 is raised together with bubbles in the air lift pipe 22, and accordingly, the bottom surface 1 a of the septic tank 1, particularly its concave groove 2. The sludge 10 accumulated therein is also sucked up and supplied to the horizontal pipe 28.

  A plurality of discharge holes 29 are provided at appropriate intervals in the left-right direction on the lower surface of the central portion in the left-right direction of the horizontal pipe 28. From here, the breeding water 7 and the sludge 10 pumped up from each air lift pipe 22 are It is supplied to the filtering means 30 disposed below by natural dropping.

  The filtering means 30 includes a filtration tank 31 disposed below the horizontal pipe 28 and above the water level in the septic tank 1, and a partition wall that partitions the filtration tank 31 into a rear cleaning chamber 32 and a front sludge chamber 33. 34 and the cleaning chamber 32, the sludge 10 that is installed from the upper part of the rear wall of the filtration tank 31 to the upper end of the partition wall 34 so as to incline downward toward the sludge chamber 33. And a screen net 35 forming an inclined filter that drops into the sludge chamber 33 along the upper and lower ends of the sludge chamber 33. A sludge discharge pipe 36 for discharging the sludge 10 collected in the filter tank 31 and the bottom of the clean chamber 32, the sludge 10 is removed by the screen net 35 and accumulated in the clean chamber 32. The clean breeding water 7 enters the inside through the intake 37a provided on the upper surface of the one end, so that it is sterilized by the UV tube 37b provided therein, and discharged from the outlet tube 37c to the outside of the filtration tank 31. A sterilizer 37 and a distribution pipe 38 that is connected to the outlet pipe 37c and that discharges the clean breeding water 7 discharged from the outlet pipe 37c to the small chambers in the septic tank 1 by natural fall are provided. .

  The filtration means 30 can continuously remove the sludge 10 from the breeding water 7 supplied from the horizontal pipe 28 without using any special power, and is sterilized by the ultraviolet sterilizer 37, It can be returned to the septic tank 1 only by the natural falling force of the breeding water.

  Each air supply pipe 16 for supplying air to the air diffuser pipe 15 in each aeration apparatus 14 disposed in each small chamber divided by the partition plate 5 in the septic tank 1; and an upper end portion of each air lift pipe 22 in each air lift apparatus 19; On / off valves 16a, 22b, 26a, and 38a are provided at the air supply pipes 26 and the discharge ports of the distribution pipes 38, respectively.

  This aquaculture device can be suitably used for aquaculture of fish such as salmon, trout and perch, for example, but it can also be used for aquaculture of crustaceans, shellfish and other marine products. it can.

Next, the operation and handling of this marine product culture apparatus will be described.
In the description of the first action, the on-off valves 16a, 22b, 26a, and 38a are all assumed to be open.
In the lower part of the septic tank 1, when air is supplied from the air diffusers 15 and 15 in the aeration device 14, the bubbles rise through the net 13, and the floating culm is raised by the upward flow of the breeding water 7 in the septic tank 1 at that time. 18 is raised and agitated, and the breeding water 7 in the septic tank 1 is efficiently purified, and the breeding water 7 raised and purified in the septic tank 1 at this time is the opening 8 in the upper part of the partition wall 4. Then, after flowing out to the upper part in the growing tank 3 and descending along the opposing wall of the growing tank 3, it flows down obliquely downward along the inclined bottom surface 3 a of the growing tank, and then the lower part of the partition wall 4. It enters into the septic tank 1 through the opening 9, and the septic tank 1 and the breeding tank 3 are continuously and efficiently circulated.
The circulation of the breeding water 7 is caused only by the air supplied by the aeration device 14, and it is not necessary to use special power other than the air source 17.

Since the floating brazing material 18 is coarser than the meshes of the nets 11 and 13, it does not flow out from the septic tank 1 to the growth tank 3 or enter a region below the net 13 in the septic tank 1.
Further, the floating dredged material 18 that has settled on the dredged material rack 12 is caused to flow toward the net 13 along the downward slope of the dredged material rack 12, so that it does not accumulate on the dredged material frame 12.

Sludge 10 deposited on the bottom surface 3a in each growth tank 3 flows down toward the septic tank 1 along the inclination of the bottom surface 3a, passes through the opening 9 and passes through the bottom surface 1a of the septic tank 1, particularly its concave groove 2. To deposit.
The sludge 10 deposited on the bottom of the septic tank 1 is sucked up together with the breeding water 7 by each air lift device 19 provided for each small chamber in the septic tank 1 divided by the partition plate 5.

  That is, by supplying air from the air outlet 24 in each air lift pipe 22, the breeding water 7 is raised together with the bubbles in the air lift pipe 22, and accordingly, the bottom surface 1a of the septic tank 1, particularly its concave portion. The sludge 10 accumulated in the groove 2 is also sucked up and supplied to the horizontal pipe 28.

  The breeding water 7 and the sludge 10 supplied to the horizontal pipe 28 are supplied to the filtering means 30 from a plurality of discharge holes 29 provided in the lower surface of the central portion of the horizontal pipe 28 by natural fall.

  In the filtering means 30, the breeding water 7 and the sludge 10 naturally fall on the screen net 35, and only the breeding water 7 passes through the screen net 35 and is stored in the clean room 32. When the sludge 10 is gradually swept toward the sludge chamber 33 along the slope of the sludge, and the sludge 10 accumulates to some extent in the sludge chamber 33, the sludge 10 naturally falls into the sludge discharge pipe 36 from the upper end of the sludge discharge pipe 36, and the filtration tank 31 is discharged outside.

  When the level of the breeding water 7 stored in the clean room 32 rises to some extent, the breeding water 7 naturally falls into the ultraviolet sterilization apparatus 37 from the intake 37a of the ultraviolet sterilization apparatus 37, and is irradiated with the UV tube 37b there. Then, it is distributed by natural fall from the outlet pipe 37c through the distribution pipe 38 to each small chamber in the septic tank 1.

  From the suction of the sludge 10 and the surrounding breeding water 7 by the air lift device 19, the removal of the sludge 10 and the sterilization process in the subsequent filtration means 30 can also be performed without using any power other than the air source 17 (more accurately). In this case, the power can be continuously used by using the natural fall of the breeding water 7 and the sludge 10 only by using electric power for lighting the UV tube 37b.

Furthermore, oxygen is supplied to the breeding water 7 by the air supplied to the breeding water 7 by the aeration device 14 and the air lift device 19, and the breeding water 7 is gradually heated by the heat of the air. . Therefore, it can be suitably implemented in a cold region.
In order to increase the temperature of the breeding water 7 more positively, the air supplied to the aeration device 14 and the air lift device 19 may be heated by a heater.

  In the above description, the on-off valves 16a, 22b, 26a, and 38a are all open. However, by controlling the opening and closing of the on-off valves 16a, 22b, 26a, and 38a, each of the small chambers separated by the partition plate 5 in the septic tank 1 is purified individually. Processing can also be performed.

  For example, the open / close valve 16a provided in each air supply pipe 16 that supplies air to the air diffusing pipe 15 in each aeration apparatus 14 is opened / closed independently of each other, thereby purifying and circulating the breeding water 7 in each small chamber. Can be selectively paused or activated.

  Further, each of the small chambers can be opened and closed independently by opening and closing the upper and lower valves 22b, 26a, and 38a provided in the upper ends of the air lift pipes 22, the air supply pipes 26, and the distribution pipes 38 in the air lift devices 19, respectively. The operation of the air lift device 19 can be stopped, or the supply of the breeding water 7 purified by the filtering means 30 to the small chamber can be stopped.

  Furthermore, sludge removal and sterilization of each small chamber in the septic tank 1 can be performed batchwise one by one by controlling the opening / closing valves 22b, 26a, and 38a.

The present invention is not limited only to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented in various modified modes as follows, for example, without departing from the scope of the claims.
(1) It carries out by omitting one of the growth tanks 3 and 3 disposed on both sides of the septic tank 1.
(2) The filtering means 30 is provided above each small chamber in the septic tank 1 divided by the partition plate 5, and the upper end of the air lift pipe 22 in the air lift device 19 provided in each small chamber is inverted L-shaped or inverted U The sludge 10 and the breeding water 7 are fed into the filtration tank 31 in each filtering means 30 from the tip thereof, and flowed down from the outlet pipe 37c of the ultraviolet sterilizer 37 in the filtering means 30. The purified breeding water 7 to be purified is directly supplied to the small chamber so that the small chambers are purified independently of each other.
(3) The breeding water 7 filtered and purified by the filtering means 30 is returned to the growing tank 3 instead of the septic tank 1.
(4) The partition plates 5 and 6 are all omitted.
(5) The air from the air source 17 supplied to the aeration device 14 and / or the air lift device 19 is heated by a heater (not shown). That is, a heater is provided in the middle of the air supply pipe 16 and / or the air supply pipe 26.
(6) A known sterilization apparatus other than the ultraviolet sterilization apparatus 37 is employed as the sterilization apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Septic tank 1a bottom surface 2 Groove 3 Growing tank 3a bottom surface 4 Partition wall 5, 6 Partition plate 7 Breeding water 8, 9 Opening 10 Sludge 11 Net 12 Wood material mount 13 Net 14 Aeration device 15 Aeration pipe 16 Air supply pipe 16a Open / close valve 17 Air source 18 Floating rod 19 Air lift device 20 Protective cylinder 21 Arm rod 22 Air lift pipe 22a Notch 22b Open / close valve 23 Air reservoir 24 Air outlet 25 Air supply member 26 Air supply pipe 26a Open / close valve 27 Air supply means 28 Horizontal pipe 29 Discharge hole 30 Filtration means 31 Filtration tank 32 Clean room 33 Sludge room 34 Partition wall 35 Screen net (inclined filter)
36 Sludge discharge pipe 37 UV sterilizer 37a inlet 37b UV pipe 37c outlet pipe 38 distribution pipe 38a on-off valve

Claims (6)

A septic tank,
A growth tank whose bottom surface is inclined downward toward the bottom of the septic tank;
A partition wall that partitions the septic tank and the breeding tank and is provided with an opening on the upper and lower portions that enables the circulation of the breeding water in both tanks;
A net provided in the upper and lower openings of the partition wall;
Floating dredging material that is coarser than the nets arranged in the septic tank,
By supplying air to the lower part in the septic tank, the breeding water and floating floating material in the septic tank are raised and stirred, and the breeding water is passed from the septic tank through the opening in the upper part of the partition wall. And an aeration apparatus that circulates from the growth tank to the septic tank through the opening at the bottom of the partition wall,
An air lift pipe disposed in the septic tank so that a lower end thereof reaches near the bottom of the septic tank, and an air supply means for supplying air into the air lift pipe from a lower end or an intermediate part of the air lift pipe, An air lift device that raises the sludge contained in the breeding water along with the breeding water in the septic tank by raising the air supplied into the air lift pipe;
An aquaculture apparatus, comprising: filtration means for removing sludge from breeding water including sludge sucked up from an air lift pipe in the air lift apparatus and returning only the breeding water to the septic tank or the breeding tank.   The aquaculture apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filtration means includes an inclined filter in which the accumulated sludge falls along the inclination.   The filtering means is disposed below the horizontal pipe connected to the upper end of the air lift pipe in the air lift device and above the water level in the septic tank, and the breeding water containing sludge sucked up from the air lift pipe is filtered from the horizontal pipe to the filtering means. The aquaculture apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the breeding water supplied by natural fall and the sludge removed by the filtering means is fed into the septic tank by natural fall.   The aquaculture apparatus for marine products according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the filtering means is provided with a sterilizing apparatus for sterilizing breeding water from which sludge has been removed.   Above the lower end of the air lift pipe in the septic tank, there is disposed a saddle cradle through which the air lift pipe penetrates and is inclined downward toward the outer side, and between the outer end of the dredger cradle and the inner surface of the septic tank. The aquaculture apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a net having a mesh that prevents the floating dredged material from passing through is installed.   The aquaculture apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein one or more partition plates are provided in the septic tank and / or the breeding tank to divide the tank into a plurality of small chambers.

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