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JP6287509B2 - Secondary battery SOC estimation apparatus and estimation method - Google Patents

Secondary battery SOC estimation apparatus and estimation method

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JP6287509B2
JP6287509B2 JP2014079276A JP2014079276A JP6287509B2 JP 6287509 B2 JP6287509 B2 JP 6287509B2 JP 2014079276 A JP2014079276 A JP 2014079276A JP 2014079276 A JP2014079276 A JP 2014079276A JP 6287509 B2 JP6287509 B2 JP 6287509B2
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secondary battery
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soc
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順一 波多野
順一 波多野
征志 城殿
征志 城殿
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Toyota Industries Corp
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Description

この発明は、二次電池のSOC推定装置および推定方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a secondary battery SOC estimation apparatus and estimation method.

特許文献1には、電流センサによって測定される二次電池の充放電電流の積算値に基いて、二次電池の充電量(SOC)を推定する事項が記載されている。   Patent Document 1 describes a matter of estimating a charge amount (SOC) of a secondary battery based on an integrated value of a charge / discharge current of the secondary battery measured by a current sensor.

特開2013−182779号公報JP 2013-182779 A

通常の電流センサにはオフセット値が存在し、電流センサによって測定される値は、実際の電流値にオフセット値が加算されたものになる。そのため、電流センサによって測定される電流値を積算することによってSOCを推定する場合には、電流センサによって測定された電流値からオフセット値を減算する操作(オフセット補正)が必要になる。   A normal current sensor has an offset value, and a value measured by the current sensor is obtained by adding an offset value to an actual current value. Therefore, when the SOC is estimated by integrating the current values measured by the current sensor, an operation (offset correction) for subtracting the offset value from the current value measured by the current sensor is required.

しかしながら、電流センサのオフセット値が取得できず、オフセット補正が行えない場合には、オフセット値による誤差が積算されてしまうため、SOCの推定精度が低下してしまう。   However, when the offset value of the current sensor cannot be acquired and the offset correction cannot be performed, errors due to the offset value are integrated, and the SOC estimation accuracy is reduced.

この発明はこのような問題を解決するためになされたものであり、電流センサのオフセット値が取得できない場合でもSOCを高精度に推定することができる、二次電池のSOC推定装置および推定方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and provides an SOC estimation device and an estimation method for a secondary battery that can accurately estimate SOC even when an offset value of a current sensor cannot be obtained. The purpose is to provide.

上記の課題を解決するために、この発明に係る二次電池のSOC推定装置は、二次電池の充放電電流を測定する電流測定手段と、二次電池の閉回路電圧を測定する電圧測定手段と、電流測定手段のオフセット値を取得するオフセット取得手段と、オフセット測定手段によって電流測定手段のオフセット値が取得できる場合に、電流測定手段によって測定される充放電電流をオフセット値によって補正し、当該補正された電流の積算値に基いて二次電池のSOCを推定する第1推定手段と、オフセット測定手段によって電流測定手段のオフセット値が取得できない場合に、電流測定手段によって測定される充放電電流と電圧測定手段によって測定される閉回路電圧とに基いて、二次電池のSOCを推定する第2推定手段とを備える。   In order to solve the above-described problems, a secondary battery SOC estimation apparatus according to the present invention includes a current measurement unit that measures a charge / discharge current of a secondary battery, and a voltage measurement unit that measures a closed circuit voltage of the secondary battery. And, when the offset value of the current measuring unit can be acquired by the offset measuring unit, the charge / discharge current measured by the current measuring unit is corrected by the offset value, A first estimation unit that estimates the SOC of the secondary battery based on the corrected integrated current value, and a charge / discharge current measured by the current measurement unit when the offset measurement unit cannot obtain the offset value of the current measurement unit And a second estimating means for estimating the SOC of the secondary battery based on the closed circuit voltage measured by the voltage measuring means.

二次電池の充放電経路の途中に設けられるスイッチ手段をさらに備え、オフセット取得手段は、スイッチ手段を開状態に保ったまま電流測定手段が出力する値を所定回数サンプリングし、サンプリング値のばらつきが所定幅内に収まる場合に、電流測定手段のオフセット値を取得できると判断してもよい。   It further comprises switch means provided in the middle of the charging / discharging path of the secondary battery, and the offset acquisition means samples the value output by the current measuring means while keeping the switch means open a predetermined number of times. If it falls within the predetermined width, it may be determined that the offset value of the current measuring means can be acquired.

オフセット取得手段はさらに、スイッチ手段を開状態にした際に二次電池の充放電電流が遮断されることが確認される場合に、電流測定手段のオフセット値を取得できると判断してもよい。   The offset acquisition unit may further determine that the offset value of the current measurement unit can be acquired when it is confirmed that the charge / discharge current of the secondary battery is cut off when the switch unit is opened.

また、この発明に係る二次電池のSOC推定方法では、二次電池には、当該二次電池の充放電電流を測定する電流測定手段と当該二次電池の閉回路電圧を測定する電圧測定手段とが設けられ、電流測定手段のオフセット値が取得できる場合には、電流測定手段によって測定される充放電電流をオフセット値によって補正し、当該補正された電流の積算値に基いて二次電池のSOCを推定し、電流測定手段のオフセット値が取得できない場合には、電流測定手段によって測定される充放電電流と電圧測定手段によって測定される閉回路電圧とに基いて、二次電池のSOCを推定する。   In the secondary battery SOC estimation method according to the present invention, the secondary battery includes a current measuring means for measuring a charge / discharge current of the secondary battery and a voltage measuring means for measuring a closed circuit voltage of the secondary battery. When the offset value of the current measuring means can be obtained, the charge / discharge current measured by the current measuring means is corrected by the offset value, and the secondary battery is corrected based on the integrated value of the corrected current. If the SOC is estimated and the offset value of the current measuring unit cannot be obtained, the SOC of the secondary battery is calculated based on the charge / discharge current measured by the current measuring unit and the closed circuit voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit. presume.

この発明に係る二次電池のSOC推定装置および推定方法によれば、電流センサのオフセット値が取得できない場合でもSOCを高精度に推定することができる。   According to the SOC estimation device and the estimation method for a secondary battery according to the present invention, the SOC can be estimated with high accuracy even when the offset value of the current sensor cannot be obtained.

この発明の実施の形態に係る二次電池のSOC推定装置の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the SOC estimation apparatus of the secondary battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention. この発明の実施の形態に係る二次電池のSOC推定装置によって行われる、SOC推定処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the SOC estimation process performed by the SOC estimation apparatus of the secondary battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention. この発明の実施の形態に係る二次電池のSOC推定装置における、二次電池の放電電流の遮断時に電流センサが出力する値を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the value which a current sensor outputs at the time of interruption | blocking of the discharge current of a secondary battery in the SOC estimation apparatus of the secondary battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention. この発明の実施の形態に係る二次電池のSOC推定装置における、SOC推定マップを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the SOC estimation map in the SOC estimation apparatus of the secondary battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

以下、この発明の実施の形態について添付図面に基づいて説明する。
実施の形態.
この発明の実施の形態に係る二次電池のSOC推定装置100の構成を図1に示す。SOC推定装置100は、二次電池1から負荷2に流れる放電電流を測定する電流センサ3と、二次電池1の閉回路電圧(CCV)を測定する電圧センサ4と、二次電池1の放電経路の途中に設けられるスイッチ5と、二次電池1のSOCを推定するSOC推定ユニット6とから構成されている。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment.
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a secondary battery SOC estimation apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The SOC estimation apparatus 100 includes a current sensor 3 that measures a discharge current flowing from the secondary battery 1 to the load 2, a voltage sensor 4 that measures a closed circuit voltage (CCV) of the secondary battery 1, and a discharge of the secondary battery 1. It is composed of a switch 5 provided in the middle of the path and an SOC estimation unit 6 that estimates the SOC of the secondary battery 1.

SOC推定ユニット6は、マイクロコンピュータによって構成されており、オフセット取得部61と、第1推定部62と、第2推定部63とを備えている。   The SOC estimation unit 6 is configured by a microcomputer, and includes an offset acquisition unit 61, a first estimation unit 62, and a second estimation unit 63.

オフセット取得部61は、電流センサ3のオフセット値を取得する。   The offset acquisition unit 61 acquires the offset value of the current sensor 3.

第1推定部62は、電流センサ3によって測定される二次電池1の放電電流をオフセット取得部61で取得されるオフセット値によってオフセット補正し、補正された電流の積算値に基いて二次電池1のSOCを推定する。   The first estimation unit 62 offset-corrects the discharge current of the secondary battery 1 measured by the current sensor 3 with the offset value acquired by the offset acquisition unit 61, and recharges the secondary battery based on the corrected current integrated value. An SOC of 1 is estimated.

第2推定部63は、電流センサ3によって測定される二次電池1の放電電流と、電圧センサ4によって測定される二次電池1のCCVとに基いて、二次電池1のSOCを推定する。   The second estimation unit 63 estimates the SOC of the secondary battery 1 based on the discharge current of the secondary battery 1 measured by the current sensor 3 and the CCV of the secondary battery 1 measured by the voltage sensor 4. .

以下、この実施の形態に係るSOC推定装置100によって行われる二次電池1のSOC推定処理について、図2のフローチャートを参照して説明する。   Hereinafter, the SOC estimation process of the secondary battery 1 performed by the SOC estimation apparatus 100 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

はじめに、SOC推定ユニット6のオフセット取得部61は、スイッチ5を開状態にした際に二次電池1の放電電流が遮断されることを確認する(ステップS1)。詳細には、図3に示されるように、スイッチ5を開状態にした際に電流センサ3が出力する値がゼロ付近まで減少することを確認することによって、二次電池1の放電電流が遮断されることを確認する。   First, the offset acquisition unit 61 of the SOC estimation unit 6 confirms that the discharge current of the secondary battery 1 is interrupted when the switch 5 is opened (step S1). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the discharge current of the secondary battery 1 is cut off by confirming that the value output by the current sensor 3 decreases to near zero when the switch 5 is opened. Make sure that

ステップS1で二次電池1の放電電流が遮断されることが確認された場合、この際に電流センサ3が出力する値は、この電流センサ3のオフセット値である。オフセット取得部61は、スイッチ5を開状態に保ったまま電流センサ3が出力する値を0.3秒ごとに3回サンプリングし、これら3つのサンプリング値のばらつきが所定幅Δ内に収まるか否かを判定する(ステップS2)。   When it is confirmed in step S <b> 1 that the discharge current of the secondary battery 1 is cut off, the value output by the current sensor 3 at this time is an offset value of the current sensor 3. The offset acquisition unit 61 samples the value output from the current sensor 3 three times every 0.3 seconds while keeping the switch 5 in an open state, and whether or not the variation of these three sampling values falls within the predetermined width Δ. Is determined (step S2).

ステップS2でサンプリング値のばらつきが所定幅Δ内に収まる場合には、オフセット取得部61は、電流センサ3のオフセット値を取得可能であると判断し、3つのサンプリング値の算術平均を電流センサ3のオフセット値とする(ステップS3)。この際、SOC推定ユニット6の第1推定部62は、スイッチ5を閉状態にした後、電流センサ3によって測定される二次電池1の放電電流をステップS3で取得されたオフセット値によってオフセット補正し、この補正された電流の積算値に基いて二次電池1のSOCを以下の式に従って推定する(ステップS4)。   If the variation of the sampling values falls within the predetermined width Δ in step S2, the offset acquisition unit 61 determines that the offset value of the current sensor 3 can be acquired, and calculates the arithmetic average of the three sampling values as the current sensor 3. (Step S3). At this time, after the switch 5 is closed, the first estimation unit 62 of the SOC estimation unit 6 corrects the discharge current of the secondary battery 1 measured by the current sensor 3 by the offset value acquired in step S3. Then, based on the corrected integrated value of the current, the SOC of the secondary battery 1 is estimated according to the following equation (step S4).

SOC=初期SOC−(補正された電流の積算値/満充電容量×100)     SOC = initial SOC− (corrected current integrated value / full charge capacity × 100)

一方、スイッチ5が故障している等の原因によってステップS1で放電電流が遮断されることが確認できない場合や、ステップS2でサンプリング値のばらつきが所定幅Δ内に収まらない場合には、オフセット取得部61は、電流センサ3のオフセット値を取得不能であると判断する(ステップS5)。この場合には、SOC推定ユニット6の第2推定部63が、スイッチ5を閉状態にした後、電流センサ3によって測定される(オフセット補正されていない)放電電流と、電圧センサ4によって測定されるCCVとに基いて、二次電池1のSOCを推定する(ステップS6)。   On the other hand, if it is not possible to confirm that the discharge current is interrupted in step S1 due to a failure of the switch 5 or the like, or if the variation in the sampling value does not fall within the predetermined width Δ in step S2, the offset acquisition The unit 61 determines that the offset value of the current sensor 3 cannot be acquired (step S5). In this case, after the switch 5 is closed, the second estimation unit 63 of the SOC estimation unit 6 measures the discharge current measured by the current sensor 3 (not offset-corrected) and the voltage sensor 4. Based on the CCV, the SOC of the secondary battery 1 is estimated (step S6).

詳細には、SOC推定ユニット6の内部メモリには、図4に示されるような予め実験的に作成されたSOC推定マップが記憶されており、SOC推定ユニット6の第2推定部62は、このSOC推定マップを参照して二次電池1のSOCを推定する。例えば、電流センサ3によって測定される放電電流が40A、電圧センサ4によって測定されるCCVが4.1Vである場合には、二次電池1のSOCは60%と推定される。   Specifically, an SOC estimation map created in advance as shown in FIG. 4 is stored in the internal memory of the SOC estimation unit 6, and the second estimation unit 62 of the SOC estimation unit 6 stores the SOC estimation map. The SOC of the secondary battery 1 is estimated with reference to the SOC estimation map. For example, when the discharge current measured by the current sensor 3 is 40 A and the CCV measured by the voltage sensor 4 is 4.1 V, the SOC of the secondary battery 1 is estimated to be 60%.

なお、ステップS6でSOCを推定する際に参照される電流は、オフセット補正を行っていないため当然のことながらオフセット値による誤差を含んでいるが、図4のSOC推定マップに基いてSOCを推定する際にはこの誤差の影響は比較的小さい。これに対して、ステップS4で電流の積算値に基づいてSOCを推定する際にオフセット補正を行わないと、オフセットによる誤差が積算されてしまうため、SOCの推定精度が大きく低下してしまう。   Note that the current referred to when estimating the SOC in step S6 includes an error due to the offset value because of no offset correction, but the SOC is estimated based on the SOC estimation map of FIG. In doing so, the effect of this error is relatively small. On the other hand, if the offset correction is not performed when the SOC is estimated based on the integrated current value in step S4, errors due to the offset are integrated, so that the SOC estimation accuracy is greatly reduced.

すなわち、電流センサ3のオフセット値が取得できる場合には、オフセット補正した電流の積算値に基いてSOCを推定するのが最も高精度であるが、オフセット値が取得できない場合には、オフセット補正しない電流とCCVとから図4のSOC推定マップに基いてSOCを推定したほうが、オフセット補正しない電流の積算値に基いてSOCを推定するよりも高精度である。   That is, when the offset value of the current sensor 3 can be acquired, it is most accurate to estimate the SOC based on the integrated value of the offset-corrected current, but when the offset value cannot be acquired, the offset correction is not performed. The estimation of the SOC based on the SOC estimation map of FIG. 4 from the current and the CCV is more accurate than the estimation of the SOC based on the integrated value of the current without offset correction.

この実施の形態に係る二次電池のSOC推定装置100では、電流センサ3のオフセット値が取得できる場合には、電流センサ3によって測定される二次電池1の放電電流をオフセット補正し、この補正された電流の積算値に基いて二次電池1のSOCを推定し、電流センサ3のオフセット値が取得できない場合には、電流センサ3によって測定される二次電池1の(オフセット補正されていない)放電電流と電圧センサ4によって測定される二次電池1の閉回路電圧(CCV)とに基いて、二次電池1のSOCを推定する。これにより、電流センサ3のオフセット値が取得できない場合でも、二次電池1のSOCを高精度に推定することができる。   In the secondary battery SOC estimation apparatus 100 according to this embodiment, when the offset value of the current sensor 3 can be acquired, the discharge current of the secondary battery 1 measured by the current sensor 3 is offset-corrected, and this correction is performed. If the SOC of the secondary battery 1 is estimated based on the integrated current value and the offset value of the current sensor 3 cannot be obtained, the offset of the secondary battery 1 measured by the current sensor 3 is not corrected. ) Estimate the SOC of the secondary battery 1 based on the discharge current and the closed circuit voltage (CCV) of the secondary battery 1 measured by the voltage sensor 4. Thereby, even when the offset value of the current sensor 3 cannot be acquired, the SOC of the secondary battery 1 can be estimated with high accuracy.

その他の実施の形態.
上記の実施の形態では、二次電池1から負荷2に放電電流が流れる場合に二次電池1のSOCを推定する例を説明したが、負荷2の代わりに充電用の電源を接続し、電源から二次電池1に充電電流が流れる場合にも、本願発明を適用することができる。なお、上記の実施形態は充電または放電の場合にも適用できるが、充電電流または放電電流が一定である場合がより好ましい。一定電流で充電または放電する場合は、ステップS6において、電流とCCVとSOCに相関関係があるからである。
Other embodiments.
In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the SOC of the secondary battery 1 is estimated when a discharge current flows from the secondary battery 1 to the load 2 is described. The present invention can also be applied when a charging current flows from the secondary battery 1 to the secondary battery 1. In addition, although said embodiment is applicable also in the case of charge or discharge, the case where charge current or discharge current is constant is more preferable. This is because when charging or discharging is performed at a constant current, there is a correlation among the current, CCV, and SOC in step S6.

また、図4のSOC推定マップは、二次電池1の放電電流とCCVとに基いてSOCを推定するものであったが、例えばSOCの温度依存性を考慮し、放電電流とCCVと温度とに基いてSOCを推定するマップを作成してもよい。   The SOC estimation map of FIG. 4 estimates SOC based on the discharge current of the secondary battery 1 and CCV. For example, considering the temperature dependence of the SOC, the discharge current, CCV, temperature, A map for estimating the SOC may be created based on the above.

1 二次電池、3 電流センサ(電流測定手段)、4 電圧センサ(電圧測定手段)、5 スイッチ(スイッチ手段)、61 オフセット取得部(オフセット取得手段)、62 第1推定部(第1推定手段)、63 第2推定部(第2推定手段)。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Secondary battery, 3 Current sensor (current measurement means), 4 Voltage sensor (voltage measurement means), 5 Switch (switch means), 61 Offset acquisition part (offset acquisition means), 62 1st estimation part (1st estimation means) ), 63 Second estimation unit (second estimation means).

Claims (4)

二次電池のSOC推定装置であって、
前記二次電池の充放電電流を測定する電流測定手段と、
前記二次電池の閉回路電圧を測定する電圧測定手段と、
前記電流測定手段のオフセット値を取得するオフセット取得手段と、
前記オフセット測定手段によって前記電流測定手段のオフセット値が取得できる場合に、前記電流測定手段によって測定される前記充放電電流を前記オフセット値によって補正し、該補正された電流の積算値に基いて前記二次電池のSOCを推定する第1推定手段と、
前記オフセット測定手段によって前記電流測定手段のオフセット値が取得できない場合に、前記電流測定手段によって測定される前記充放電電流と前記電圧測定手段によって測定される前記閉回路電圧とに基いて、前記二次電池のSOCを推定する第2推定手段と
を備える、二次電池のSOC推定装置。
An SOC estimation device for a secondary battery,
Current measuring means for measuring a charge / discharge current of the secondary battery;
Voltage measuring means for measuring a closed circuit voltage of the secondary battery;
An offset acquisition means for acquiring an offset value of the current measurement means;
When the offset value of the current measuring unit can be acquired by the offset measuring unit, the charge / discharge current measured by the current measuring unit is corrected by the offset value, and the correction value is based on the integrated value of the corrected current. First estimating means for estimating the SOC of the secondary battery;
Based on the charge / discharge current measured by the current measuring means and the closed circuit voltage measured by the voltage measuring means when the offset measuring means cannot obtain the offset value of the current measuring means, An SOC estimation device for a secondary battery, comprising: second estimation means for estimating the SOC of the secondary battery.
前記二次電池の充放電経路の途中に設けられるスイッチ手段をさらに備え、
前記オフセット取得手段は、前記スイッチ手段を開状態に保ったまま前記電流測定手段が出力する値を所定回数サンプリングし、サンプリング値のばらつきが所定幅内に収まる場合に、前記電流測定手段のオフセット値を取得できると判断する、請求項1に記載の二次電池のSOC推定装置。
Further comprising switch means provided in the middle of the charge / discharge path of the secondary battery,
The offset acquisition means samples the value output from the current measurement means a predetermined number of times while keeping the switch means in an open state, and when the variation of the sampling value falls within a predetermined width, the offset value of the current measurement means The SOC estimation apparatus for a secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein it is determined that can be acquired.
前記オフセット取得手段はさらに、前記スイッチ手段を開状態にした際に前記二次電池の充放電電流が遮断されることが確認される場合に、前記電流測定手段のオフセット値を取得できると判断する、請求項2に記載の二次電池のSOC推定装置。   The offset acquisition means further determines that the offset value of the current measurement means can be acquired when it is confirmed that the charge / discharge current of the secondary battery is cut off when the switch means is opened. The SOC estimation apparatus for a secondary battery according to claim 2. 二次電池のSOC推定方法であって、
前記二次電池には、該二次電池の充放電電流を測定する電流測定手段と該二次電池の閉回路電圧を測定する電圧測定手段とが設けられ、
前記電流測定手段のオフセット値が取得できる場合には、前記電流測定手段によって測定される前記充放電電流を前記オフセット値によって補正し、該補正された電流の積算値に基いて前記二次電池のSOCを推定し、
前記電流測定手段のオフセット値が取得できない場合には、前記電流測定手段によって測定される前記充放電電流と前記電圧測定手段によって測定される前記閉回路電圧とに基いて、前記二次電池のSOCを推定する、二次電池のSOC推定方法。
A method for estimating the SOC of a secondary battery,
The secondary battery is provided with current measuring means for measuring the charge / discharge current of the secondary battery and voltage measuring means for measuring the closed circuit voltage of the secondary battery,
When the offset value of the current measuring unit can be obtained, the charge / discharge current measured by the current measuring unit is corrected by the offset value, and the secondary battery is corrected based on the integrated value of the corrected current. Estimating the SOC,
When the offset value of the current measuring unit cannot be obtained, the SOC of the secondary battery is determined based on the charge / discharge current measured by the current measuring unit and the closed circuit voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit. SOC estimation method for secondary battery.
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