JP6282675B2 - 原油二次回収に使用するための排気の処理 - Google Patents
原油二次回収に使用するための排気の処理 Download PDFInfo
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XQCFHQBGMWUEMY-ZPUQHVIOSA-N Nitrovin Chemical compound C=1C=C([N+]([O-])=O)OC=1\C=C\C(=NNC(=N)N)\C=C\C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 XQCFHQBGMWUEMY-ZPUQHVIOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
- F01K17/025—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic in combination with at least one gas turbine, e.g. a combustion gas turbine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/12—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled
- F01K23/14—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engines being mechanically coupled including at least one combustion engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
本出願は、その全体が引用により本明細書に組み込まれる「原油二次回収に使用するための排気の処理」という名称の2013年3月8日出願の米国特許出願第61/775,167号の優先権利益を主張するものである。
5wt.%〜30wt.%又はこれより高い範囲とすることができる19重量パーセント(wt.%)脂肪族化合物、
5wt.%〜30wt.%又はこれより高い範囲とすることができる19wt.%アスファルテン、
15wt.%〜50wt.%又はこれより高い範囲とすることができる30wt.%芳香族化合物、
15wt.%〜50wt.%又はこれより高い範囲とすることができる32wt.%樹脂、及び
7wt.%を超える範囲とすることができる若干量の硫黄。
これに加えて、瀝青は、0.4wt.%未満〜0.7wt.%を超える範囲とする少しの水及び窒素化合物を含有することができる。少ないながらも金属内容物を取り出して、生成物合成原油(SCO)の汚染物質を回避することができる。ニッケルは、75ppm(百万分率)未満〜200ppmよりも多くまで変化する可能性がある。バナジウムは、200ppm未満〜500ppmよりも多くまでの範囲とすることができる。瀝青において見出される炭化水素タイプのパーセンテージは、変化する可能性がある。
本明細書で説明する実施形態は、コンバインドサイクルプラント技術を広げて、コンバインドサイクルプラント内でガスタービンシステムのシャフトに追加のシャフト動力を発生させる以外の目的のために蒸気を生成する。例えば、様々な実施形態において、コンバインドサイクルプラントのHRSGは、CSS工程又はSAGD工程のような炭化水素熱回収工程に使用するために湿潤蒸気、すなわち、1に等しいか又は1未満の品質の蒸気を生成する。このような工程によって回収される炭化水素は、典型的には、重油、タール、又は瀝青を含む粘性の炭化水素である。HRSGはまた、炭化水素回収工程の異なる段階の湿潤蒸気及び電力需要に応じて追加のシャフト動力の発生のために乾燥蒸気を生成することができる。例えば、HRSGは、利用可能な排気熱の50%を変換して蒸気を乾燥させ、近くの重油向上、圧送、又は圧力設備に対して追加の電力生成を提供し、残りの排気熱を変換して熱回収工程のために湿潤蒸気を生成するように設計することができる。更に、HRSG設計は、例えば、乾燥及び湿潤蒸気システムの間の熱伝達平衡に影響を及ぼすために蒸気ドラム及び/又は蒸気コイルの圧力を制御することによって乾燥蒸気システムからの蒸気流量を制御するのに柔軟である場合がある。例えば、ドラム及び蒸気コイル内の乾燥蒸気圧力を上昇させることによって、あまり乾燥していない蒸気は、HRSGにおけるより高い沸点従ってより多くの排気熱により煮沸して取り除かれ、追加の湿潤蒸気を生成する。
図1は、蒸気生成熱電併給設備を備えた熱回収システムの使用を示す開発100の概略図である。図示されている熱回収システムは、露天掘り102及び抽出回収工程の両方、及び循環蒸気刺激(CSS)又は蒸気支援重力排水(SAGD)のような地下熱回収工程104を含む。地下熱回収工程104は、露天掘りにとっては深すぎるリザーバ106から炭化水素の回収を可能にする。本明細書で説明する技術は、この組み合わせに限定されず、又はいくつかの技術又は技術の組み合わせとしてのこれらの具体的な技術を本明細書で説明する実施形態において使用することができることは明らかであろう。例えば、SAGD104回収工程は、代わりに、循環蒸気刺激(CSS)回収工程又は他の熱回収工程とすることができる。
図6は、コンバインドサイクルプラント内の排気熱を使用する方法600の処理流れ図である。本方法は、ブロック602で始まり、そこでコンバインドサイクルプラント内でガスタービンシステムからの排気熱を使用して蒸気を生成する。ブロック604において、生成された蒸気の少なくとも第1の部分は、炭化水素熱回収工程に使用される。ブロック606において、生成された蒸気の少なくとも第2の部分を使用して、コンバインドサイクルプラント内で蒸気タービンを駆動する。
Claims (30)
- 炭化水素産出のための蒸気を発生させる方法であって、
圧縮された酸化剤と燃料とを、コンバインドサイクル発電所のガスタービンシステムの燃焼室内で実質的に化学量論的に燃焼させ、燃焼生成物を含む排気ストリームを生成する段階と、
前記排気ストリームからの熱を使用して蒸気を生成する段階と、
前記蒸気の少なくとも一部分を炭化水素リザーバの中に注入する段階と、
熱回収工程を使用して前記炭化水素リザーバから炭化水素及び再生された水を取得する段階と、
前記排気ストリーム内の前記燃焼生成物から水ストリームを凝縮させる段階と、
前記水ストリームと前記再生された水の少なくとも一部を前記蒸気の生成のための補給水として使用する段階と、を含む、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記排気ストリームの少なくとも一部を燃焼のための希釈剤として前記燃焼室まで再循環させる段階と、
前記燃焼室へ導入する前に前記希釈剤を冷却して第2の水ストリームを凝縮させる段階と、
前記水ストリームと前記第2の水ストリームを組み合わせて複合水ストリームを形成する段階と、
前記複合ストリーム及び前記再生された水の少なくとも一部を前記補給水として使用する段階と、を含む、
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記蒸気の少なくとも一部分を使用して蒸気タービンを駆動する段階を含む、
請求項1又は2に記載の方法。 - 前記蒸気タービンは、前記ガスタービンシステムのシャフト上に追加のシャフト動力を生成する、
請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記蒸気タービンは、ブローダウンを生成し、
前記方法が、前記ブローダウンを前記蒸気の生成のための追加の補給水として使用する段階を含む、
請求項3又は4に記載の方法。 - 前記熱回収工程は、循環蒸気刺激工程である、
請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記熱回収工程は、蒸気支援重力排水工程である、
請求項1又は6に記載の方法。 - 前記熱回収工程は、クラーク高温水抽出工程である、
請求項1、6、又は7に記載の方法。 - 前記蒸気の少なくとも一部分を設備加熱工程、処理加熱工程、又は蒸気揮散工程、又はそのいずれかの組合せに使用する段階を含む、
請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 追加された燃料及び酸化剤の量をオフセットするために前記希釈剤の一部分を抽出する段階を含む、
請求項2に記載の方法。 - 希釈剤の前記抽出した部分を二酸化炭素リッチストリームと二酸化炭素リーンストリームに分離する段階を含む、
請求項10に記載の方法。 - 前記二酸化炭素リッチストリームを原油二次回収のために炭化水素リザーバの中に注入する段階を含む、
請求項11に記載の方法。 - 前記二酸化炭素リッチストリームを炭素隔離のために地下地層の中に注入する段階を含む、
請求項11又は12に記載の方法。 - 前記二酸化炭素リーンストリームを圧力維持のために炭化水素リザーバの中に注入する段階を含む、
請求項11、12、又は13に記載の方法。 - 前記水ストリームを前記補給水の一部として使用する前に、該水ストリームを処置する段階を含む、
請求項1から14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記水ストリームのpHを約7と約9pH単位の間に調節する段階を含む、
請求項15に記載の方法。 - 前記水ストリームを蒸気揮散して溶解ガスを除去する段階を含む、
請求項15又は16に記載の方法。 - 脱酸素剤を用いて前記水ストリームを処置する段階を含む、
請求項15、16、又は17に記載の方法。 - 90wt%以上の水蒸気を含む高品質蒸気及び90wt%よりも少ない水蒸気を含む低品質蒸気を発生させる段階を含む、
請求項1から18のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記高品質蒸気を使用して蒸気タービンを駆動する段階を含む、
請求項19に記載の方法。 - 前記再生された水を処置する段階、
を含む、
請求項19又は20に記載の方法。 - 前記低品質蒸気を熱回収工程に使用する段階を含む、
請求項19、20、又は21に記載の方法。 - 炭化水素産出にコンバインドサイクルプラントからの排気を使用する方法であって、
燃料と酸化剤とを、コンバインドサイクル発電所のガスタービンシステム内で実質的に化学量論的に燃焼させ排気ストリームを生成する段階と、
前記排気ストリームからの排気熱を使用して蒸気を生成する段階と、
前記蒸気の少なくとも一部分を炭化水素リザーバの中に注入する段階と、
熱回収工程を使用して前記炭化水素リザーバから炭化水素及び再生された水を取得する段階と、
水ストリームを前記排気ストリームから凝縮させる段階と、
前記水ストリーム及び前記再生された水の少なくとも一部を前記蒸気生成のための補給ストリームとして使用する段階と、
前記蒸気の少なくとも第2の部分を用いて蒸気タービンを駆動する段階と、を含む、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記蒸気タービンを駆動する前記蒸気の部分は、前記コンバインドサイクルプラントから要求される出力電力のレベルに少なくとも部分的に基づいて調節される、
請求項23に記載の方法。 - 前記熱回収工程は、循環蒸気刺激である、
請求項24に記載の方法。 - 前記熱回収工程は、蒸気支援重力排水である、
請求項25に記載の方法。 - 前記蒸気タービンからブローダウンストリームを生成する段階と、
前記ブローダウンストリームを前記蒸気の前記生成のための補給給水として与える段階と、を含む、
請求項23から26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記蒸気をクラーク高温水抽出システム、設備加熱システム、処理加熱システム、又は蒸気揮散システム、又はそのいずれかの組み合わせに使用する段階を含む、
請求項23から26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 発電し、かつリザーバから炭化水素を熱的に回収するためのシステムであって、
圧縮された酸化剤と燃料の燃焼室内での実質的に化学量論的燃焼の副産物として高温排気ストリームを生成するように構成されたガスタービンシステムと、
前記高温排気ストリームを使用して蒸気ストリームを生成するように構成され、蒸気ストリームの少なくとも一部を熱回収システムへ送り、該高温排気ストリーム内の前記燃焼生成物から凝縮ストリームを生成する熱回収蒸気発生器(HRSG)と、
熱回収工程において前記蒸気ストリームの一部分を使用して炭化水素及び再生された水を生成するように構成された炭化水素産出システムと、
前記蒸気ストリームを発生させるために前記HRSGに与えられる補給水として前記凝縮ストリーム及び前記再生された水の少なくとも一部分を使用するように構成された給送システムと、を含む、
ことを特徴とするシステム。 - (a)前記蒸気ストリームの少なくとも第2の部分を使用して機械的動力を発生させるように構成された蒸気タービン、
(b)前記機械的動力によって駆動される発電機、
(c)循環蒸気刺激システム、
(d)蒸気支援重力排水システム、
(e)クラーク高温水抽出システム、
(f)前記凝縮ストリームのための水浄化システム、
(g)前記凝縮ストリーム内の溶解ガスを低減するように構成された蒸気揮散器、
(h)前記凝縮ストリームのpHを約7と約9pH単位の間にもたらすように構成されたpH調節システム、および
(i)濾過システムの、少なくとも1つを備えている、
請求項29に記載のシステム。
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2014
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CN105189942B (zh) | 2018-03-30 |
CA2900702A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
AU2014226412B2 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
WO2014137647A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
CN105189942A (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
US9784140B2 (en) | 2017-10-10 |
AU2014226412A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
EP2964909A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
CA2900702C (en) | 2017-08-22 |
JP2016517491A (ja) | 2016-06-16 |
US20140250912A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
AR095031A1 (es) | 2015-09-16 |
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