JP6280857B2 - boiler - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a boiler that generates steam by burning solid fuel and air.

  A conventional boiler has a furnace that is vertically formed with a hollow shape, and a plurality of combustion burners are arranged on the furnace wall along the circumferential direction and arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction. Yes. The combustion burner is supplied with an air-fuel mixture of pulverized coal (fuel) obtained by pulverizing coal and primary air, and also supplied with high-temperature secondary air, and blows the air-fuel mixture and secondary air into the furnace. This forms a flame and can be burned in this furnace. This furnace has a flue connected to the top, and this flue is provided with a superheater, reheater, economizer, etc. for recovering the heat of exhaust gas, and it was generated by combustion in the furnace. Heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas and water, and steam can be generated.

  In such boilers, in recent years, it has been considered to use high moisture fuels such as lignite, subbituminous coal, and biomass as fuel. However, since the high-moisture fuel contains a large amount of moisture, it is necessary to perform a drying process in advance and requires a large amount of energy, which causes a problem of low boiler efficiency. As what solves such a problem, there exists a thing described in the following patent document 1, for example. The pulverization system described in Patent Document 1 includes a first vertical pulverizer and a second vertical pulverizer, and a first line for supplying coal pulverized by the first vertical pulverizer to the combustion apparatus. And the second line for supplying the biomass pulverized by the second vertical pulverizer to the combustion apparatus, and then distributing and feeding it to the burner of the combustion apparatus.

JP 2011-144944 A

  In the pulverization system described above, the second vertical crusher introduces biomass into the machine from the raw material input port and sucks it into the machine from the upper intake through an exhaust fan. Dry while crushing. In this case, since the high moisture fuel such as biomass contains a large amount of moisture, the amount of gas introduced from the gas supply port increases. Since the biomass pulverized by the second vertical pulverizer is collected by the bag filter and the gas used for drying is exhausted to the outside, loss occurs here.

  This invention solves the subject mentioned above, and aims at providing the boiler which aims at the improvement of energy efficiency.

  In order to achieve the above object, the boiler of the present invention includes a furnace having a hollow shape and installed in the vertical direction, a pulverization dryer for pulverizing wet fuel and drying it with heated air, and the pulverization dryer A separation device for separating the pulverized fuel and heated air discharged from the combustion chamber, a combustion burner for blowing a fuel gas mixed with the pulverized fuel and the combustion air separated by the separation device into the furnace, and the separation An additional air nozzle that blows the heated air separated by the apparatus toward the furnace, and a heated gas supply device that supplies the pulverized dryer with heated air heat-exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace. It is characterized by.

  Therefore, the pulverization dryer crushes the wet fuel and dries it with heated air, the separation device separates the pulverized fuel and the heated air, and the combustion burner mixes the pulverized fuel with the combustion air into the furnace. The additional air nozzle blows the heated air into the furnace. At this time, the heated gas supply device supplies heated air exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace to the pulverization dryer, and the pulverization dryer can appropriately dry the pulverized pulverized fuel with the heated air. . Therefore, by drying the pulverized fuel using the heated air that is supplied to the furnace as additional air, the heated air to be exhausted is unnecessary, and the energy efficiency can be improved.

  In the boiler according to the present invention, there is provided a distribution device that distributes the heated air heat-exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace to the carrier air, the combustion air, and the additional air, and the heated gas supply device includes the carrier air And at least a part of the additional air is supplied to the pulverizing and drying apparatus, and combustion air is supplied to the combustion burner.

  Accordingly, the distribution device distributes the heated air to the conveying air, the combustion air, and the additional air, and the heated gas supply device supplies the conveying air and the additional air to the pulverizing and drying device. A sufficient air volume of the heated air for drying the fuel can be ensured, and the pulverized fuel can be appropriately dried.

  In the boiler according to the present invention, the separation device is a cyclone, wherein the separated pulverized fuel and carrier air are sent to the combustion burner, and the separated additional air is sent to the additional air nozzle. .

  Therefore, by setting the separator to be a cyclone, the passage diameter of the discharge part is set to a predetermined size, so that the pulverized fuel, the carrier air and the additional air can be properly separated.

  In the boiler according to the present invention, the separation device is a bag filter, wherein the separated pulverized fuel and carrier air are sent to the combustion burner, and the separated additional air is sent to the additional air nozzle. Yes.

  Therefore, by using a bag filter as the separation device, the pulverized fuel and the heated air can be properly separated, and then separated into the pulverized fuel, the carrier air and the additional air.

  The boiler according to the present invention is characterized in that a temperature adjusting device is provided for adjusting the temperature of the heated air supplied to the pulverization dryer by a heated gas supply device.

  Therefore, the temperature of the heated air can be adjusted to the optimum temperature by the temperature adjusting device in accordance with the moisture content of the wet fuel to be processed by the pulverization dryer, and the wet fuel can be appropriately dried.

  The boiler according to the present invention includes a pulverizer that pulverizes dry fuel, and a mixing device that mixes the pulverized fuel pulverized by the pulverizer and the pulverized fuel separated by the separator.

  Therefore, the fine fuel pulverized by the pulverizer and the pulverized fuel pulverized and dried by the pulverizer are mixed by the mixing device and supplied to the combustion burner, so that the wet fuel can be properly combusted.

  According to the boiler of the present invention, a pulverizing dryer for pulverizing wet fuel and drying with heated air, a heated gas supply device for supplying heated air exchanged with exhaust gas discharged from the furnace to the pulverizing dryer, and drying The additional air nozzle that blows the heated air separated from the pulverized fuel later into the furnace is provided, so that the heated air to be supplied to the furnace as additional air is dried to eliminate the need for exhausted heated air. , Energy efficiency can be improved.

Drawing 1 is a schematic structure figure showing the boiler of a 1st embodiment. Drawing 2 is a schematic structure figure showing the boiler of a 2nd embodiment. Drawing 3 is a schematic structure figure showing the boiler of a 3rd embodiment.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a boiler according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment, and when there are two or more embodiments, what comprises combining each embodiment is also included.

[First Embodiment]
Drawing 1 is a schematic structure figure showing the boiler of a 1st embodiment.

  The boiler of the first embodiment uses pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing coal in combination with pulverized fuel (solid fuel) and pulverized biomass obtained by pulverizing biomass in combination with pulverized fuel (solid fuel), and the pulverized fuel is burned by a combustion burner. The heat generated by this combustion is recovered.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the boiler 10 is a conventional boiler, and includes a furnace 11 and a combustion device 12. The furnace 11 has a rectangular hollow shape and is installed along the vertical direction. The furnace wall constituting the furnace 11 is constituted by a heat transfer tube.

  The combustion device 12 is provided in a lower part of a furnace wall (heat transfer tube) constituting the furnace 11. This combustion apparatus 12 has a plurality of combustion burners 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 mounted on the furnace wall. In this embodiment, the combustion burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 are arranged as four sets at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and five sets along the vertical direction. Five stages are arranged. However, the shape of the furnace, the number of combustion burners in one stage, and the number of stages are not limited to this embodiment.

  The 1st combustion burner 21 arrange | positioned at the uppermost stage uses the fine powder biomass which grind | pulverized the biomass as a wet fuel as a fuel. The second combustion burners 22, 23, 24, and 25 disposed below the first combustion burner 21 use pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing bituminous coal as dry fuel. Further, the furnace 11 is provided with an additional air nozzle 26 located above the mounting position of the combustion burners 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.

  Here, the wet fuel is a fuel containing a large amount of moisture, such as biomass, subbituminous coal, lignite. The dry fuel is a fuel that contains a large amount of moisture and includes, for example, anthracite and bituminous coal. Biomass is defined as organic resources derived from renewable organisms, excluding fossil resources. For example, thinned wood, waste wood, driftwood, grass, waste, sludge, tires, and recycled fuels (pellets and chips) using these as raw materials are not limited to those presented here.

  The crusher / dryer 31 crushes the biomass and dries the biomass with heated air. The crusher / dryer 31 can supply biomass from a bunker 32 that stores biomass, and can also supply heated air (transport air and additional air). Although not shown, the pulverization dryer 31 is supported in a housing so that the pulverization table can be driven to rotate with a rotation axis along the vertical direction, and a plurality of pulverization rollers are opposed to the upper side of the pulverization table. It is configured to be rotatably supported in conjunction with the rotation. Therefore, when biomass is introduced between a plurality of crushing rollers and a crushing table, the biomass is crushed to a predetermined size, classified by transporting air, and heated and dried by additional air.

  The crusher / dryer 31 is connected to a cyclone 33 as a separation device and a distribution device via a discharge line L1. The cyclone 33 separates the pulverized biomass discharged from the pulverization dryer 31 and the heated air. Specifically, the cyclone 33 separates the pulverized biomass and the heated air into the pulverized biomass, the air for conveyance, and the additional air.

  In the cyclone 33, the fine biomass supply line L2 is connected to the lower part, and the first additional air supply line L3 is connected to the upper part. The cyclone 33 separates the pulverized biomass and the heated air discharged from the pulverization dryer 31, discharges the pulverized biomass and the air for conveyance to the pulverized biomass supply line L2, and discharges the additional air to the first additional air supply line L3. . The fine biomass supply line L <b> 2 is connected to the first combustion burner 21, and the first additional air supply line L <b> 3 is connected to the additional air nozzle 26.

  The grinder 34 grinds bituminous coal. The crusher 34 can supply bituminous coal from a bunker 35 that stores bituminous coal, and can also supply heated air (conveying air). Although not shown, the pulverizer 34 is supported in a housing so that the pulverization table can be driven to rotate with a rotation axis along the vertical direction, and a plurality of pulverization rollers rotate above the pulverization table to rotate the pulverization table. It is configured to be rotatably supported in conjunction with. Therefore, when bituminous coal is introduced between a plurality of pulverizing rollers and a pulverizing table, the bituminous coal is pulverized to a predetermined size and classified by conveying air.

  The pulverizer 34 is connected to the second combustion burner 22 via a pulverized coal supply line L4. Similarly to the second combustion burner 22, the second combustion burners 23, 24, and 25 are also provided with a second pulverization dryer, bunker, and pulverized coal supply line (not shown).

  In the furnace 11, a wind box 36 is provided at the mounting position of each combustion burner 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, and heated air (combustion air) is supplied. Therefore, the 1st combustion burner 21 injects combustion air while injecting the 1st pulverized fuel which pulverized biomass and air for conveyance mixed. The second combustion burners 22, 23, 24, and 25 inject the combustion air as well as the second pulverized fuel mixed with the pulverized coal and the carrier air.

  The furnace 11 has a flue 41 connected to an upper portion thereof, and the flue 41 includes superheaters (superheaters) 42, 43, and 44 for recovering heat of exhaust gas, and reheaters (reheaters) 45 and 46. Further, economizers 47 and 48 are provided, and heat exchange is performed between exhaust gas generated by combustion in the furnace 11 and water.

  The flue 41 is connected to a gas duct 49 to which exhaust gas subjected to heat exchange is discharged downstream. The gas duct 49 is provided with a selective reduction catalyst 50, an electric dust collector 51, an induction blower 52, and a desulfurization device 53, and a chimney 54 is provided at the downstream end.

  Further, the boiler 10 is provided with a heated gas supply device 60 that supplies heated air that has been heat-exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace 11 to the crushing dryer 31. That is, in the gas duct 49, an air heater 61 is provided between the selective reduction catalyst 50 and the electric dust collector 51, and a heated air supply line L <b> 10 is provided in the air heater 61. The heated air supply line L10 passes through the air heater 61, and a blower 62 is attached to the base end. The heated air supply line L10 has a branched end and is connected to the pulverizer / dryer 31 via the transfer air supply line L11 and is connected to the pulverizer 34 via the transfer air supply line L12. And the flow control valves 63 and 64 are provided in the air supply lines L11 and L12 for conveyance.

  The heated air supply line L10 is connected to the wind box 36 via the combustion air supply line L13, and a flow rate adjustment valve 65 is provided in the combustion air supply line L13. The heated air supply line L10 is connected to the first additional air supply line L3 via the second additional air supply line L14, and is connected to the transfer air supply line L11 via the third additional air supply line L15. Yes. The additional air supply lines L14 and L15 are provided with flow rate adjusting valves 66 and 67, respectively.

  The blower 62 is provided with an air supply line L16 that does not pass through the air heater 61, separately from the heated air supply line L10. The air supply line L16 has a leading end branched and is connected to the transfer air supply line L11 via the transfer air temperature adjustment line L17, and is also connected to the transfer air supply line L12 via the transfer air temperature adjustment line L18. It is connected to. And the flow control valves 68 and 69 are provided in the air temperature control lines L17 and L18 for conveyance, and the temperature control apparatus of this invention is comprised.

  Here, operation | movement of the boiler 10 of this embodiment is demonstrated.

  When the pulverizing / drying device 31 is driven, the supplied biomass is pulverized to a predetermined particle size and dried with heated air. The pulverized and dried fine biomass is sent to the cyclone 33 along with the heated air through the discharge line L1. The cyclone 33 separates the pulverized biomass and the heated air into the pulverized biomass, the air for conveyance, and the additional air. In this case, the ratio of the carrier air and the additional air is set according to the properties of the biomass (such as the amount of moisture), and depends on the pipe diameters of the fine biomass supply line L2 and the first additional air supply line L3. Is set.

  The fine biomass and the carrier air separated by the cyclone 33 are supplied to the first combustion burner 21 by the fine biomass supply line L2, and the additional air is supplied to the additional air nozzle 26 by the first additional air supply line L3. The

  When the crusher 34 is driven, the supplied bituminous coal is pulverized to a predetermined particle size. The pulverized pulverized coal is supplied to the second combustion burner 22 through the pulverized coal supply line L4 together with the carrier air. The other second combustion burners 23, 24, and 25 are similarly supplied with pulverized coal pulverized by a pulverizer (not shown) and carrier air.

  Then, the first combustion burner 21 blows the first pulverized fuel mixture, which is a mixture of pulverized biomass and carrier air, into the furnace 11 and also blows combustion air (secondary air) into the furnace 11 from the outside. A flame swirl is formed in the combustion region A by igniting occasionally. The second combustion burners 22, 23, 24, and 25 blow the second pulverized fuel mixture, which is a mixture of pulverized coal and carrier air, into the furnace 11, and also generate combustion air (secondary air) from the outside thereof. By blowing into the furnace 11 and igniting at this time, a flame swirl is formed in the combustion region A.

  In the furnace 11, when the pulverized fuel mixture and the combustion air are combusted to generate a flame swirl, and a flame swirl is generated in the combustion region A, the combustion gas (exhaust gas) is swirled in the furnace 11 and is reduced. It reaches area B. The additional air nozzle 26 blows additional air above the reduction region B of the furnace 11. Then, the exhaust combustion and the additional air react to complete the oxidative combustion of the pulverized fuel, and the amount of NOx generated by the combustion of the pulverized fuel is reduced.

  At this time, in the furnace 11, the combustion burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 are set so that the supply amount of air is less than the theoretical air amount with respect to the supply amount of pulverized coal. The reduction region B above A is maintained in a reducing atmosphere. Therefore, NOx generated by the combustion of pulverized coal is reduced in this reduction region B.

  The water supplied from a water supply pump (not shown) is preheated by the economizers 47 and 48, and then supplied to a steam drum (not shown) and heated while being supplied to each water pipe (not shown) on the furnace wall. Then, it becomes saturated steam and is sent to a steam drum (not shown). Further, saturated steam of a steam drum (not shown) is introduced into the superheaters 42, 43, and 44 and is heated by the combustion gas. The superheated steam generated by the superheaters 42, 43, 44 is supplied to a power plant (not shown) such as a turbine. Further, the steam taken out in the middle of the expansion process in the turbine is introduced into the reheaters 45 and 46, overheated again, and returned to the turbine. In addition, although the furnace 11 was demonstrated as a drum type | mold (steam drum), it is not limited to this structure.

  Thereafter, the exhaust gas that has passed through the economizers 47 and 48 of the flue 41 is subjected to removal of harmful substances such as NOx by the selective reduction catalyst 50 in the gas duct 49, particulate matter is removed by the electric dust collector 51, and desulfurization. After the sulfur content is removed by the device 53, it is discharged from the chimney 54 into the atmosphere.

  By the way, when the boiler 10 is started, the high-temperature exhaust gas flows through the gas duct 49, so that the air heater 61 operates. That is, the blower 62 is driven, air from the outside is taken into the heated air supply line L10, and a part of the air is heated by exchanging heat with the exhaust gas by the air heater 61. A part of the heated air is supplied to the crusher / dryer 31 through the transfer air supply line L11, and a part of the heated air is supplied to the crusher 34 through the transfer air supply line L12. A part of the heated air is supplied to the wind box 36 through the combustion air supply line L13. Part of the heated air is supplied to the first additional air supply line L3 by the second additional air supply line L14, and is also supplied to the transfer air supply line L11 by the third additional air supply line L15.

  Further, the adjustment air of the air supply line L16 that does not pass through the air heater 61 is supplied to the transfer air supply line L11 by the transfer air temperature adjustment line L17, and is also supplied to the transfer air supply line L12 by the transfer air temperature adjustment line L18. Supplied. The amount of adjustment air in the transfer air temperature adjustment line L17 and the transfer air temperature adjustment line L18 is adjusted by flow rate adjustment valves 68 and 69. The temperature of the heated air supplied to the pulverizer / dryer 31 and the pulverizer 34 is set according to the type of fuel to be input (such as the amount of water) and the input amount. A temperature sensor is provided at the outlet (pulverized biomass supply line, pulverized coal supply line) of the pulverizer / dryer 31 and the pulverizer 34, and the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 68 and 69 is adjusted according to the temperature of the temperature sensor. Thus, the temperature of the heated air supplied to the pulverizer / dryer 31 and the pulverizer 34 is set to the optimum temperature.

  Moreover, the heating air and adjustment air sent to the crusher / dryer 31 and the crusher 34 are amounts obtained by adding the air amount corresponding to the carrier air and the additional air, and the heated air sent to the wind box 36 is used for combustion. The amount of air corresponding to the air. The ratio of the amount of air for conveyance, the amount of air for combustion, and the amount of additional air is set according to the boiler 10 and is, for example, 2: 5: 3. The opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69 is adjusted so that this ratio is obtained. Further, the amount of additional air sent to the crusher / dryer 31 is adjusted by the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 63 and 66.

  Therefore, the pulverizing / drying device 31 appropriately dries the finely pulverized biomass pulverized to a predetermined particle diameter with heated air having an amount and temperature (for example, 300 ° C.) commensurate with the transfer air and the additional air. Then, the cyclone 33 is separated into heated air in an amount corresponding to fine powder biomass and transport air and heated air in an amount corresponding to additional air, and the fine biomass and transport air are first combusted by the fine powder supply line L2. The additional air is supplied to the burner 21 and supplied to the additional air nozzle 26 through the first additional air supply line L3. On the other hand, in the pulverizer 34, the pulverized coal pulverized to a predetermined particle size and the air for conveyance are supplied to the second combustion burner 22 through the pulverized coal supply line L4.

  The first combustion burner 21 blows the first pulverized fuel mixture in which the pulverized biomass and the carrier air are mixed and the combustion air from the wind box 36 into the furnace 11, and the second combustion burners 22, 23, 24. 25, the second pulverized fuel mixture in which pulverized coal and carrier air are mixed and the combustion air from the wind box 36 are blown into the furnace 11. Further, the additional air nozzle 26 blows the additional air sent from the additional air supply lines L 3 and L 14 above the reduction region B of the furnace 11. At this time, the additional air sent from the first additional air supply line L <b> 3 contains fine pulverized biomass that could not be separated by the cyclone 33, so that the combustibility in the furnace 11 is improved.

  As described above, in the boiler according to the first embodiment, the furnace 11 that is hollow and installed in the vertical direction, and the pulverization dryer 31 that pulverizes biomass (wet fuel) and dries it with heated air, The cyclone 33 separating the fine biomass discharged from the pulverization dryer 31 and the heated air, and the first fine fuel mixture obtained by mixing the fine biomass separated by the cyclone 33 and the combustion air into the furnace 11. The first combustion burner 21 to be blown in, the additional air nozzle 26 to blow into the furnace 11 using the heated air separated by the cyclone 33 as additional air, and the heated air heat-exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace 11 are pulverized and dried. A heated gas supply device 60 for supplying to the machine 31 is provided.

  Therefore, the pulverization dryer 31 pulverizes the biomass and dries it with heated air, the cyclone 33 separates the pulverized biomass and the heated air, and the first combustion burner 21 mixes the pulverized biomass with the combustion air. While the fuel mixture is blown toward the furnace 11, the additional air nozzle 26 blows additional air toward the furnace 11. At this time, the heated gas supply device 60 supplies heated air exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace 11 to the pulverization dryer 31, and the pulverization dryer 31 appropriately dries the pulverized fine fuel with the heated air. can do. Therefore, by drying the pulverized biomass using the heated air to be introduced into the furnace 11 as additional air, the heated air to be exhausted is unnecessary and energy efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, the heated air dried from the pulverized biomass is injected into the furnace 11 by the additional air nozzle 26, whereby the exhaust gas and the additional air react to complete the oxidative combustion of the pulverized fuel, and the air ratio in the combustion region A is optimized. Thus, NOx can be reduced and the combustion burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25 can be made compact. And the heating air which dried fine powder biomass can improve a plant root rate, since sufficient oxygen amount is ensured. In addition, when the first combustion burner 21 for pulverized biomass combustion and the second combustion burners 22, 23, 24, 25 for pulverized coal combustion are provided, the first combustion burner is used when a problem occurs in high moisture biomass. 21 is stopped, the second combustion burners 22, 23, 24, and 25 can be operated only, and maintenance of the biomass supply system can be easily performed.

  In the boiler according to the first embodiment, a cyclone 33 is provided that distributes heated air exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace 11 to conveying air, combustion air, and additional air. At least a part of the working air and the additional air is supplied to the crushing and drying device 31, and the combustion air is supplied to the wind box 36. Therefore, the pulverization dryer 31 will dry the pulverized biomass with an amount of heated air commensurate with the transfer air and the additional air, and can sufficiently ensure the air volume of the heated air for drying the pulverized biomass. Fine powder biomass can be dried appropriately.

  In the boiler according to the first embodiment, the cyclone 33 distributes the heated air to the carrier air and the additional air, sends the fine biomass and the carrier air to the first combustion burner 21, and sends the additional air to the additional air nozzle 26. Yes. Therefore, by setting the passage diameter of the discharge part in the cyclone 33 to a predetermined dimension, the fine biomass, the transfer air and the additional air can be properly separated.

  In the boiler according to the first embodiment, conveying air temperature adjustment lines L17 and L18 are provided as temperature adjusting devices for adjusting the temperature of the heated air supplied to the pulverization dryer 31 by the heated gas supply device 60. Therefore, the temperature of the heated air can be adjusted to the optimum temperature according to the moisture content of the wet biomass processed by the pulverization dryer 31, and the wet biomass can be dried appropriately.

[Second Embodiment]
Drawing 2 is a schematic structure figure showing the boiler of a 2nd embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as embodiment mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the boiler 70 includes a furnace 11 and a combustion device 12. The combustion device 12 includes a plurality of combustion burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25, and the first combustion burner 21 arranged at the uppermost stage uses fine biomass obtained by pulverizing biomass as fuel, and the first combustion burner 21 The second combustion burners 22, 23, 24, 25 arranged in the lower stage are fueled with pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing bituminous coal. Further, the furnace 11 is provided with an additional air nozzle 26 above the combustion burners 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.

  The crusher / dryer 31 crushes the biomass and dries the biomass with heated air. The crusher / dryer 31 is connected to a bag filter 71 as a separator via a discharge line L1. The bag filter 71 separates the fine biomass discharged from the crusher / dryer 31 and the heated air. The bag filter 71 has a fine biomass addition line L21 connected to the lower part and a heated air conveyance line L22 connected to the upper part. The bag filter 71 separates the pulverized biomass discharged from the crusher / dryer 31 and the heated air, discharges the pulverized biomass to the pulverized biomass addition line L21, and discharges the heated air to the heated air conveyance line L22.

  The heated air transfer line L22 branches into a fine biomass supply line L23 and a first additional air supply line L24, and flow rate adjusting valves 72 and 73 as distribution devices are provided in the lines L23 and L24. Moreover, the ejector 74 is provided in the connection part of the fine biomass supply line L23 and the fine biomass addition line L21. The fine biomass supply line L <b> 23 is connected to the first combustion burner 21, and the first additional air supply line L <b> 24 is connected to the additional air nozzle 26.

  Other configurations, the pulverizer 34, the wind box 36, the flue 41, the heated gas supply device 60, and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, when the pulverizing / drying device 31 is driven, the supplied biomass is pulverized to a predetermined particle size and dried with heated air. The pulverized and dried fine biomass is sent to the bag filter 71 along with the heated air through the discharge line L1. The bag filter 71 is separated into fine biomass and heated air, the fine biomass is discharged to the fine biomass addition line L21, and the heated air is discharged to the heated air conveyance line L22.

  And the heating air of the heating air conveyance line L22 is isolate | separated into the fine biomass supply line L23 and the 1st additional air supply line L24. By adjusting the opening of the flow rate adjusting valves 72, 73, the amount of heated air commensurate with the amount of transport air is distributed to the fine biomass supply line L23, and the amount of heated air commensurate with the amount of additional air is first added. Distribute to the air supply line L24. The ejector 74 mixes the pulverized biomass and the transport air by sucking the pulverized biomass in the pulverized biomass addition line L21 by the transport air flowing through the pulverized biomass supply line L23. The fine biomass and the transport air are supplied to the first combustion burner 21 through the fine biomass supply line L23, and the additional air is supplied to the additional air nozzle 26 through the first additional air supply line L24.

  As described above, in the boiler according to the second embodiment, the furnace 11 that is hollow and installed in the vertical direction, and the pulverization dryer 31 that pulverizes biomass (wet fuel) and dries it with heated air, In the furnace 11, a bag filter 71 that separates the pulverized biomass discharged from the crusher / dryer 31 and the heated air, and a first pulverized fuel mixture obtained by mixing the pulverized biomass separated by the bag filter 71 and the combustion air are contained in the furnace 11. The first combustion burner 21 that blows toward the furnace, the additional air nozzle 26 that blows the heated air separated by the bag filter 71 into the furnace 11 as additional air, and the heated air that exchanges heat with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace 11 And a heated gas supply device 60 that supplies the pulverized dryer to the pulverizing and drying machine 31.

  Therefore, the pulverization dryer 31 pulverizes the biomass and dries it with heated air, the bag filter 71 separates the pulverized biomass and the heated air, and the first combustion burner 21 mixes the pulverized biomass with the combustion air. While the pulverized fuel mixture is blown into the furnace 11, the additional air nozzle 26 blows additional air into the furnace 11. At this time, the heated gas supply device 60 supplies heated air exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace 11 to the pulverization dryer 31, and the pulverization dryer 31 appropriately dries the pulverized fine fuel with the heated air. can do. Therefore, by drying the pulverized biomass using the heated air to be introduced into the furnace 11 as additional air, the heated air to be exhausted is unnecessary and energy efficiency can be improved.

  In the boiler of the second embodiment, the bag filter 71 separates the pulverized biomass from the heated air, and distributes the pulverized biomass and the transported air to the transport air and the additional air according to the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 72 and 73. 1 is sent to the combustion burner 21, and additional air is sent to the additional air nozzle 26. Therefore, finely divided biomass and heated air can be properly separated, and then separated into finely divided biomass, carrier air and additional air.

[Third Embodiment]
Drawing 3 is a schematic structure figure showing the boiler of a 3rd embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as embodiment mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the boiler 80 includes a furnace 11 and a combustion device 12. The combustion apparatus 12 has a plurality of combustion burners 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25. The first combustion burner 21 arranged at the uppermost stage includes fine biomass obtained by pulverizing biomass and fine pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing bituminous coal. The mixed fuel is used as fuel, and the second combustion burners 22, 23, 24, and 25 disposed below the first combustion burner 21 are fueled with pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing bituminous coal. Further, the furnace 11 is provided with an additional air nozzle 26 above the combustion burners 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.

  The crusher / dryer 31 crushes the biomass and dries the biomass with heated air. The crusher / dryer 31 is connected to a bag filter 71 as a separator via a discharge line L1. The bag filter 71 separates the fine biomass discharged from the crusher / dryer 31 and the heated air. The bag filter 71 has a fine biomass addition line L21 connected to the lower part and a first additional air supply line L25 connected to the upper part. The bag filter 71 separates the pulverized biomass discharged from the pulverization dryer 31 and the heated air, discharges the pulverized biomass to the pulverized biomass addition line L21, and discharges the heated air to the first additional air supply line L25.

  The grinder 34 grinds bituminous coal. The pulverizer 34 is connected to the first combustion burner 21 via a pulverized coal supply line L4. An ejector 74 serving as a mixing device is provided at a connecting portion between the pulverized coal supply line L4 and the pulverized biomass addition line L21.

  Other configurations, the wind box 36, the flue 41, the heated gas supply device 60, and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  Therefore, when the pulverizing / drying device 31 is driven, the supplied biomass is pulverized to a predetermined particle size and dried with heated air. The pulverized and dried fine biomass is sent to the bag filter 71 along with the heated air through the discharge line L1. The bag filter 71 is separated into fine biomass and heated air, the fine biomass is discharged to the fine biomass addition line L21, and the heated air is discharged to the first additional air supply line L25. And the ejector 74 mixes pulverized biomass, pulverized coal, and conveyance air by the pulverized biomass of the pulverized biomass addition line L21 being suck | inhaled by the conveyance air containing the pulverized coal flowing through the pulverized coal supply line L4. The pulverized biomass, the pulverized coal, and the air for conveyance are supplied to the first combustion burner 21 through the pulverized coal supply line L4, and the additional air is supplied to the additional air nozzle 26 through the first additional air supply line L25.

  As described above, in the boiler according to the third embodiment, the furnace 11 that is hollow and installed in the vertical direction, and the pulverization dryer 31 that pulverizes biomass (wet fuel) and dries it with heated air, , A pulverizer 34 for crushing bituminous coal (dry fuel), a bag filter 71 for separating fine biomass and heated air, and a third mixture of pulverized biomass, pulverized coal and combustion air separated by the bag filter 71 The first combustion burner 21 that blows the pulverized fuel mixture into the furnace 11, the additional air nozzle 26 that blows the heated air separated by the bag filter 71 into the furnace 11 as additional air, and the furnace 11 are discharged from the furnace 11. A heated gas supply device 60 for supplying heated air exchanged with the exhaust gas to the pulverization dryer 31 is provided.

  Therefore, the pulverization dryer 31 pulverizes the biomass and dries it with heated air, the bag filter 71 separates the pulverized biomass and the heated air, and the first combustion burner 21 mixes the pulverized biomass, the pulverized coal and the combustion air. While the third pulverized fuel mixture is blown into the furnace 11, the additional air nozzle 26 blows additional air into the furnace 11. At this time, the heated gas supply device 60 supplies heated air exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace 11 to the pulverization dryer 31, and the pulverization dryer 31 appropriately dries the pulverized fine fuel with the heated air. can do. Therefore, by drying the pulverized biomass using the heated air to be introduced into the furnace 11 as additional air, the heated air to be exhausted is unnecessary and energy efficiency can be improved.

  In the boiler according to the third embodiment, an ejector 74 is provided as a mixing device that mixes the pulverized coal pulverized by the pulverizer 34 and the pulverized biomass separated by the bag filter 71. Therefore, by mixing pulverized coal and pulverized biomass and supplying them to the first combustion burner 21, the pulverized biomass having a large amount of water can be combusted appropriately.

  In the above-described third embodiment, the mixing device is the ejector 74, but is not limited to this configuration. For example, a mixing tank may be provided as a mixing device. Moreover, you may make it adjust the addition amount of pulverized biomass by providing a valve | bulb in the pulverized biomass addition line L21 at this time.

  In the above-described embodiment, the heated air heated by the air heater 1 supplies a part of the heated air corresponding to the amount of additional air ejected from the additional air nozzle 26 to the crushing and drying device 31, and the rest. Although it supplied directly to the additional air nozzle 26, the amount of heated air supplied to the pulverizing / drying device 31 can be set according to the properties (moisture amount) of biomass (wet fuel) to be processed by the pulverizing / drying device 31 and the processing amount. Alternatively, the entire amount commensurate with the additional air may be supplied to the crushing and drying device 31.

  In the above-described embodiment, the finely pulverized fuel obtained by pulverizing biomass (wet fuel) is supplied to the uppermost combustion burner 21 of the furnace 11. Alternatively, it may be supplied to a plurality of combustion burners.

10, 70, 80 Coal-fired boiler 11 Furnace 12 Combustion device 21 First combustion burner 22, 23, 24, 25 Second combustion burner 26 Additional air nozzle 31 Crushing dryer 32 Bunker 33 Cyclone (separation device, distribution device)
34 crusher 35 bunker 36 wind box 41 flue 42, 43, 44 superheater 45, 46 reheater 47, 48 economizer 49 gas duct 60 heating gas supply device 61 air heater 62 blower 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 , 68, 69, 72, 73 Flow control valve 71 Bag filter (separator)
74 Ejector (mixing device)
L1 discharge line L2, L23 pulverized biomass supply line L3, L24, L25 1st additional air supply line L4 pulverized coal supply line L10 heating air supply line L11 transport air supply line L12 transport air supply line L13 combustion air supply line L14 Second additional air supply line L15 Third additional air supply line L16 Air supply line L17, L18 Conveyance air temperature adjustment line (temperature adjustment device)
L21 Fine biomass addition line L22 Heated air conveyance line

Claims (5)

A furnace that is hollow and installed along the vertical direction;
A pulverizing dryer for pulverizing wet fuel and drying with heated air;
A separation device for separating the pulverized fuel discharged from the pulverization dryer from the heated air;
A combustion burner for blowing a fuel gas, which is a mixture of finely divided fuel and combustion air separated by the separation device, into the furnace;
An additional air nozzle that blows the heated air separated by the separation device into the furnace;
A heated gas supply device for supplying heated air exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace to the pulverization dryer;
I have a,
A distribution device is provided that distributes heated air exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace to carrier air, combustion air, and additional air, and the heated gas supply device includes at least one of carrier air and additional air. Supply the pulverization dryer to the pulverization dryer and supply combustion air to the combustion burner.
A boiler characterized by that. The separating device is a cyclone, conveying air and the separated pulverized fuel is fed to the combustion burner, the additional air which is separated according to claim 1, characterized in that it is fed to the additional air nozzle boiler. The separation device is a bag filter, conveying air and separated pulverized fuel is fed to the combustion burner, according to claim 1, additional air separated is characterized to be sent to said additional air nozzle Boiler. A furnace that is hollow and installed along the vertical direction;
A pulverizing dryer for pulverizing wet fuel and drying with heated air;
A separation device for separating the pulverized fuel discharged from the pulverization dryer from the heated air;
A combustion burner for blowing a fuel gas, which is a mixture of finely divided fuel and combustion air separated by the separation device, into the furnace;
An additional air nozzle that blows the heated air separated by the separation device into the furnace;
A heated gas supply device for supplying heated air exchanged with the exhaust gas discharged from the furnace to the pulverization dryer;
I have a,
A pulverizer for pulverizing the dry fuel, and a mixing device for mixing the pulverized fuel pulverized by the pulverizer and the pulverized fuel separated by the separator,
A boiler characterized by that.   The boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a temperature adjusting device that adjusts the temperature of heated air supplied to the pulverization dryer by a heated gas supply device.

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