JP6277230B2 - Caliper brake device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a caliper brake device that brakes rotation of a wheel by applying a frictional force to a brake disk that rotates with the wheel.

  Conventionally, in a railway vehicle, a brake device that brakes rotation of a wheel by using fluid pressure such as hydraulic pressure or air pressure is used.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a caliper brake device in which a piston is moved by inflating a diaphragm by increasing air pressure, and a control wheel (brake shoe) is slidably contacted with a brake disc of a wheel.

JP 2011-202669 A

  In the caliper brake device as described above, the restrictor is supported by the guide plate, and the guide plate is attached to the piston. The guide plate and the piston are fastened to each other by inserting a pin provided on the piston into a hole formed in the guide plate, bending the tip of the pin so that the pin does not come out of the hole. . However, in the fastening method in which the pin of the piston and the hole of the guide plate are engaged, the engaging portion of the pin and the hole is worn by vibration or the like, and the fastening force between the guide plate and the piston is likely to decrease.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a caliper brake device that can suppress a decrease in fastening force between a guide plate and a piston.

  The present invention relates to a caliper brake device that brakes a wheel by applying a frictional force to a disk that rotates together with the wheel. The caliper body and the caliper body are provided so as to be movable forward and backward, and the pressure in the pressure chamber of the caliper body A piston that advances and retreats according to the disc, a brake that can apply frictional force to the disc by slidingly contacting the disc, a guide plate that supports the brake and is attached to the piston, and the piston and the guide A fastening member for fastening the plate, the piston has a tapered contact portion, the fastening member includes a bolt having a screw shaft, a nut screwed to the screw shaft, and the nut A washer located between the piston and having a tapered nut-side seating surface that contacts the contact portion of the piston; and the nut A disc spring provided between the serial washer, characterized in that it is composed of.

  According to the caliper brake device of the present invention, when the guide plate and the piston are fastened, the tapered nut-side seating surface of the fastening member comes into contact with the tapered contact portion formed on the piston. By making the seating surface and the abutting portion in surface contact in this manner, even when the guide plate or the like vibrates, it is difficult for wear to occur at the abutting portion. Therefore, the fastening member is less likely to loosen, and a decrease in the fastening force between the guide plate and the piston is suppressed. In addition, although frictional heat due to vehicle vibration or sliding contact of the brake is repeatedly input to the bolt and nut, external force or the like can be absorbed by the spring action of the disc spring, and this can also suppress loosening of the fastening member. .

1 is a plan view of a caliper brake device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a front view of a caliper brake device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the caliper brake device in the III-III surface of FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a guide plate and a bolt constituting the caliper brake device.

  Hereinafter, a caliper brake device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, the overall configuration of the caliper brake device 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  The caliper brake device 100 is a brake device for a railway vehicle that uses air as a working fluid. The caliper brake device 100 brakes the rotation of the wheel 1 by bringing the control member 30 into sliding contact with the disk 1A of the wheel 1 and applying a frictional force to the disk 1A.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the caliper brake device 100 includes a caliper body 10, a support frame 20 that supports the caliper body 10 and is fixed to the vehicle body, and the caliper body 10 so as to face each other with the wheel 1 interposed therebetween. A pair of brake members 30, a guide plate 40 that supports one of the brake members 30, an anchor pin 51 that is provided in the caliper body 10 so as to be able to advance and retreat, and supports the guide plate 40, and the air pressure control member 30 by means of air pressure. And a pressing mechanism 60 that presses toward 1A.

  Discs 1 </ b> A with which the restrictor 30 is in sliding contact are formed on both outer and inner end faces of the wheel 1. The disc 1 </ b> A is a brake disc and rotates integrally with the wheel 1. In the caliper brake device 100, the disc 1A is integrally formed on the wheel 1. However, the disc 1A may be attached to the wheel 1 as a separate member.

  The caliper body 10 includes a first caliper arm 11 and a second caliper arm 12 that extend so as to straddle the wheels 1, a caliper yoke 13 that connects the first caliper arm 11 and the second caliper arm 12, and a caliper yoke 13. Bracket 14 extending from the wheel 1 to the side opposite to the wheel 1 side. The caliper body 10 is attached to the support frame 20 via the bracket 14.

  The bracket 14 of the caliper body 10 is formed in a bifurcated shape so as to face each other across the support frame 20. The bracket 14 and the support frame 20 are connected via a pair of upper and lower slide pins 21.

  The slide pin 21 passes through the support frame 20 and the bracket 14 of the caliper body 10, and both end portions of the slide pin 21 are fixed to the bracket 14. The slide pin 21 is provided so as to be slidable with respect to the support frame 20. The caliper body 10 is floatingly supported by the support frame 20 so that the slide pin 21 can be moved in the axial direction via the slide pin 21.

  The slide pin 21 positioned between the support frame 20 and the bracket 14 is covered with a rubber dust boot 22. Thereby, the entry of dust or the like into the sliding portions of the slide pin 21 and the support frame 20 is prevented.

  The restrictor 30 is provided at the tip of each of the first caliper arm 11 and the second caliper arm 12 of the caliper body 10 so as to face the disc 1 </ b> A of the wheel 1. The brake element 30 has a lining 31 that is in sliding contact with the disk 1 </ b> A of the wheel 1.

  The brake member 30 on the first caliper arm 11 side is pressed by the pressing mechanism 60 so as to be in sliding contact with the disk 1 </ b> A of the wheel 1. The control member 30 is configured such that the back surface opposite to the surface on which the lining 31 is provided is attached to the guide plate 40. The guide plate 40 is formed with an engagement groove 41 that can be engaged with an engagement plate 32 (see FIG. 1) provided on the back surface of the restrictor 30 along the longitudinal direction. The guide plate 40 is supported on the caliper body 10 by anchor pins 51 described later.

  In the caliper brake device 100, when the control member 30 on the first caliper arm 11 side pressed by the pressing mechanism 60 is slidably contacted with one disk 1 </ b> A of the wheel 1, the caliper main body 10 moves the slide pin 21 against the support frame 20. Moving in the axial direction, the control member 30 on the second caliper arm 12 side is in sliding contact with the other disk 1 </ b> A of the wheel 1. Then, the rotation of the wheel 1 is braked by the frictional force generated when the lining 31 of the control device 30 is in sliding contact with the disk 1A.

  Next, the internal structure of the first caliper arm 11 that constitutes a part of the caliper body 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The first caliper arm 11 of the caliper body 10 includes a pair of upper and lower support mechanisms 50 that support the guide plate 40, and a pressing mechanism 60 that is positioned between the support mechanisms 50.

  The support mechanism 50 is provided with a pin receiving portion 53 that is fixed to the first caliper arm 11 by an anchor bolt 52 and a guide plate 40 that is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat with respect to the pin receiving portion 53. An anchor pin 51 that supports the caliper arm 11 and a return spring 54 that biases the anchor pin 51 in a direction to enter the pin receiving portion 53 are provided.

  The anchor pin 51 is a bottomed cylindrical member, and is provided in the pin receiving portion 53 so as to freely advance and retract.

  The anchor pin 51 located at the upper part of the first caliper arm 11 has a flange portion 51 </ b> A protruding in the radial direction on the outer peripheral surface located outside the pin receiving portion 53. In the upper end portion of the guide plate 40, a fitting groove 43 is formed around the insertion hole 42 through which the anchor pin 51 is inserted, and is fitted to the flange portion 51 </ b> A of the anchor pin 51. The anchor pin 51 on the upper end side supports the guide plate 40 in a state where the flange portion 51 </ b> A is fitted in the fitting groove 43 of the guide plate 40.

  The anchor pin 51 located at the lower portion of the first caliper arm 11 has an annular groove portion 51 </ b> B recessed in the outer peripheral surface located outside the pin receiving portion 53. A U-shaped notch 44 that allows the anchor pin 51 to pass therethrough is formed at the lower end portion of the guide plate 40, and the inner edge of the upper half of the notch 44 is fitted into the annular groove 51 </ b> B of the anchor pin 51. The anchor pin 51 on the lower end side supports the guide plate 40 by engaging the notch 44 of the guide plate 40 with the annular groove 51B.

  A return spring 54 is accommodated in each of these two anchor pins 51. The return spring 54 is a coil spring, and is an urging member that returns the anchor pin 51 to the initial position by the urging force when the braking state is changed to the non-braking state.

  The anchor pin 51 is configured such that a portion exposed to the outside during braking is covered with a rubber dust boot 55. Thereby, the entry of dust or the like into the pin receiving portion 53 is prevented.

  The pressing mechanism 60 is a cylinder 61 provided in the first caliper arm 11 between the upper and lower support mechanisms 50, a piston 70 provided so as to be movable forward and backward with respect to the cylinder 61, and a state in contact with the back surface of the piston 70. A diaphragm 63 provided so as to define a pressure chamber 62 in one caliper arm 11.

  An inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 61 is formed in a substantially elliptical shape, and a piston 70 is accommodated in the cylinder 61. A caliper cover 64 that closes the cylinder opening end on the back side of the piston 70 is fixed to the cylinder 61 via a bolt 65.

  The diaphragm 63 is a rubber elastic film. The diaphragm 63 is disposed on the back side of the piston 70 with its outer edge 63A sandwiched between the end surface of the cylinder 61 and the end surface of the caliper cover 64. A pressure chamber 62 is defined by the diaphragm 63 and the caliper cover 64. The diaphragm 63 is elastically deformed according to the air pressure in the pressure chamber 62 and moves the piston 70 forward and backward. The pressure chamber 62 is connected to an external air pressure supply source through a through hole 66 (see FIG. 2).

  The diaphragm 63 includes an outer edge portion 63A, a contact portion 63B that contacts the back surface of the piston 70, and a folded portion 63C formed continuously between the outer edge portion 63A and the contact portion 63B.

  The outer edge portion 63 </ b> A of the diaphragm 63 is sandwiched between the cylinder 61 and the caliper cover 64. Since the outer edge portion 63A functions as a seal member, the airtightness of the pressure chamber 62 is ensured.

  The folded portion 63 </ b> C of the diaphragm 63 is located in the gap between the cylinder 61 and the piston 70. The folded portion 63 </ b> C is configured to be deformable into a folded state and an expanded state according to the air pressure in the pressure chamber 62.

  The contact portion 63 </ b> B of the diaphragm 63 is in contact with the back surface of the piston 70 and presses the piston 70 according to the air pressure in the pressure chamber 62. When the air pressure in the pressure chamber 62 is increased and the diaphragm 63 expands, the piston 70 pressed by the contact portion 63B of the diaphragm 63 moves in the retracted direction, that is, leftward in FIG.

  The piston 70 is a substantially elliptical disk member. The piston 70 is held in the cylinder 61 by the contact portion 63B and the folded portion 63C of the diaphragm 63. A dust seal 67 that is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the piston 70 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 61, and the dust seal 67 prevents dust and the like from entering the cylinder 61.

  The guide plate 40 is attached to the front surface of the piston 70 with the heat insulating plate 90 interposed therebetween. The guide plate 40 and the piston 70 are screwed into a bolt 81 disposed on the front surface side of the guide plate 40 via a washer 83 and a disc spring 84 and a nut 82 disposed on the back surface side of the piston 70. Fastened together. As described above, the guide plate 40 is fixed to the piston 70 by the pair of upper and lower bolts 81 and nuts 82.

  The bolt 81 is a countersunk bolt with a hexagonal hole. The bolt 81 includes a head 81A on which a conical tapered seating surface 81B (bolt side seating surface) is formed, and a screw shaft 81C extending from the head 81A.

  The nut 82 is configured to be screwed onto the screw shaft 81C.

  The washer 83 is a washer through which the screw shaft 81C is inserted, and has a conical tapered seat surface 83A (nut side seat surface). The inner diameter of the washer 83 is set larger than the outer diameter of the screw shaft 81C so as not to contact the screw shaft 81C of the bolt 81.

  The disc spring 84 is a disc-shaped spring member through which the screw shaft 81 </ b> C is inserted, and is disposed between the washer 83 and the nut 82. The inner diameter of the disc spring 84 is set larger than the outer diameter of the screw shaft 81 </ b> C so as not to contact the screw shaft 81 </ b> C of the bolt 81.

  As described above, the bolt 81, the nut 82, the washer 83, and the disc spring 84 constitute the fastening member 80 that fastens the guide plate 40 and the piston 70.

  On the front surface of the guide plate 40, two first receiving recesses 45 that can receive the heads 81A of the bolts 81 are formed apart from each other in the vertical direction. Further, a second housing recess 71 capable of housing the nut 82, the washer 83, and the disc spring 84 is formed on the back surface of the piston 70 at a position corresponding to the first housing recess 45.

  The first receiving recess 45 is formed with a tapered bolt contact portion 45A on which the seating surface 81B of the bolt 81 is seated and a first insertion hole 45B through which the screw shaft 81C of the bolt 81 is inserted. As shown in FIG. 4, the taper angle formed by the seat surface 81B of the bolt 81, that is, the angle formed by two lines extending along the taper surface at a position shifted by 180 ° in the circumferential direction of the bolt 81 is 120 °. Is set. Further, the taper angle formed by the contact surface of the bolt contact portion 45 </ b> A is also set to 120 ° corresponding to the seat surface 81 </ b> B of the bolt 81.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a second insertion hole 71 </ b> B through which a tapered washer contact portion 71 </ b> A on which the seat surface 83 </ b> A of the washer 83 is seated and a screw shaft 81 </ b> C of the bolt 81 is inserted in the bottom surface of the second accommodation recess 71. And are formed. The taper angle formed by the seat surface 83A of the washer 83 is set to 120 °, and the taper angle formed by the contact surface of the washer contact portion 71A is also set to 120 ° corresponding to the seat surface 83A of the washer 83. ing.

  In a state where the seating surface 81B of the head 81A of the bolt 81 is disposed so as to contact the bolt contact portion 45A, the screw shaft 81C of the bolt 81 is connected to the first insertion hole 45B of the first housing recess 45 and the heat insulating plate 90. Through the second insertion hole 71 </ b> B and the second insertion hole 71 </ b> B of the second accommodation recess 71. The nut 82 is screwed onto the threaded shaft 81 </ b> C of the bolt 81 protruding in this way via the washer 83 and the disc spring 84. At this time, the seat surface 83A of the washer 83 is in contact with the washer contact portion 71A.

  In the caliper brake device 100, the bolt 81 disposed in the first housing recess 45 and the nut 82 disposed in the second housing recess 71 are screwed together, so that the guide plate 40 is fixed to the front side of the piston 70. Is done. In a state where the guide plate 40 and the piston 70 are fastened, the head portion 81A of the bolt 81 does not protrude forward from the bolt contact portion 45A. That is, the depth of the bolt contact portion 45A is set to be larger than the thickness of the head portion 81A of the bolt 81 in the depth direction (left and right direction in FIG. 3).

  A cap member 72 is fitted into the open end of the second housing recess 71 configured as an air chamber, and the second housing recess 71 is closed by the cap member 72.

  In the caliper brake device 100 configured as described above, the guide plate 40 and the piston 70 are fastened by the bolt 81 and the nut 82 that constitute the fastening member 80. When the guide plate 40 and the piston 70 are fastened, the tapered seat surface 81B of the bolt 81 is in contact with the tapered bolt contact portion 45A of the first receiving recess 45, and the tapered seat surface 83A of the washer 83 is It contacts the tapered washer contact portion 71 </ b> A of the second housing recess 71. Thus, even when the guide plate 40 or the like vibrates by bringing the seat surface 81B of the bolt 81 into contact with the bolt contact portion 45A and the seat surface 83A of the washer 83 into contact with the washer contact portion 71A. Wear is less likely to occur at the contact portion of the member. Therefore, the screwing of the bolt 81 and the nut 82 is difficult to loosen, and a decrease in the fastening force between the guide plate 40 and the piston 70 is suppressed.

  Further, when the nut 82 is screwed onto the bolt 81 to fix the guide plate 40 and the piston 70, the seat surface 81B of the bolt 81 moves along the bolt contact portion 45A, and the seat surface 83A of the washer 83 is brought into contact with the washer. Since it moves along the contact portion 71A, the guide plate 40 and the piston 70 can be automatically aligned. Thereby, the positioning of the guide plate 40 and the piston 70 becomes easy.

  The bolt contact portion 45A is formed so as to be recessed in the guide plate 40, and the depth of the bolt contact portion 45A is set to be larger than the thickness of the head portion 81A of the bolt 81. Thereby, the head 81 </ b> A of the bolt 81 does not protrude from the bolt abutting portion 45 </ b> A, and interference between the restrictor 30 and the bolt 81 can be avoided when attaching the restrictor 30 to the guide plate 40.

  In the caliper brake device 100, a disc spring 84 is disposed between the washer 83 and the nut 82. The bolt 81 and the nut 82 are repeatedly input with frictional heat caused by the vibration of the vehicle or the sliding contact between the disc 1A of the wheel 1 and the control wheel 30, but the spring force of the disc spring 84 can absorb external force and the like. The looseness of the nut 82 can be prevented. Accordingly, it is possible to further suppress a decrease in the fastening force between the guide plate 40 and the piston 70.

  Further, since the inner diameters of the washer 83 and the disc spring 84 are set larger than the outer diameter of the screw shaft 81C so as not to contact the screw shaft 81C of the bolt 81, the frictional heat during braking is reduced from the bolt 81 to the washer 83 and It becomes difficult to transmit to the disc spring 84, and thermal expansion of the washer 83 and the disc spring 84 due to frictional heat during braking can be suppressed. As a result, the bolt 81 and the nut 82 are less likely to be loosened due to the expansion and contraction of the washer 83 and the disc spring 84, and the reduction in the fastening force between the guide plate 40 and the piston 70 can be further suppressed. .

  In the caliper brake device 100, since the heat insulating plate 90 is interposed between the guide plate 40 and the piston 70, the frictional heat due to the sliding contact between the disc 1A of the wheel 1 and the control wheel 30 is hardly transmitted to the piston 70. Thereby, it can suppress that frictional heat is transmitted to the diaphragm 63 arrange | positioned at the back surface of the piston 70, and can prevent the thermal degradation of the diaphragm 63. FIG.

  In the caliper brake device 100, since the second housing recess 71 is configured as an air chamber, the heat transmitted to the nut 82 housed in the second housing recess 71 is difficult to be transmitted to the diaphragm 63, and the frictional heat to the diaphragm 63 is achieved. Can be suppressed.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is obvious that various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

  In the caliper brake device 100 according to the above-described embodiment, the seat surface 81B of the bolt 81 of the fastening member 80 contacts the bolt contact portion 45A, and the seat surface 83A of the fastening member 80 washer 83 contacts the washer contact portion 71A. However, only the seat surface 81B of the bolt 81 and the bolt contact portion 45A of the guide plate 40 may be tapered, and conversely, only the seat surface 83A of the washer 83 and the washer contact portion 71A of the piston 70. May be tapered. As described above, even if the tapered seat surfaces 81B and 83A included in the fastening member 80 are configured to abut against at least one of the tapered abutting portions 45A and 71A of the guide plate 40 and the piston 70, Wear is less likely to occur at the contact portion, and a decrease in the fastening force between the guide plate 40 and the piston 70 can be suppressed.

  In the caliper brake device 100, the taper angle of the seat surface 81B of the bolt 81, the seat surface 83A of the washer 83, the bolt contact portion 45A, and the washer contact portion 71A is set to 120 °, but is limited to this angle. It is not something. Therefore, these taper angles are set to arbitrary angles as needed.

  In the caliper brake device 100, the taper-shaped seating surface 81B is formed on the bolt 81 and the taper-shaped seating surface 83A is formed on the washer 83. However, the configuration is not limited thereto. For example, instead of forming the seat surface 81B on the head 81A of the bolt 81, a washer having a tapered seat surface is provided between the head 81A of the bolt 81 and the bolt contact portion 45A of the guide plate 40. Also good. Further, instead of providing the washer 83 having the tapered seat surface 83A between the nut 82 and the washer contact portion 71A of the piston 70, a tapered seat surface may be formed on the nut 82. Furthermore, you may employ | adopt both above-mentioned structures simultaneously. In this case, a washer having a tapered seat surface is provided between the head 81 </ b> A of the bolt 81 and the bolt abutting portion 45 </ b> A of the guide plate 40, and a tapered seat surface is formed on the nut 82.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Caliper brake device 1 Wheel 1A Disc 10 Caliper main body 30 Limiter 40 Guide plate 45 1st accommodation recessed part 45A Bolt contact part 45B 1st insertion hole 60 Pressing mechanism 61 Cylinder 62 Pressure chamber 63 Diaphragm 70 Piston 71 2nd accommodation recessed part 71A Washer contact portion 71B second insertion hole 72 cap member 80 fastening member 81 bolt 81A head portion 81B seat surface 81C screw shaft 82 nut 83 washer 83A seat surface 84 disc spring 90 heat insulating plate

Claims (6)

A caliper brake device that brakes a wheel by applying a frictional force to a disk that rotates with the wheel,
Caliper body,
A piston which is provided in the caliper body so as to be freely advanced and retracted, and which advances and retreats according to the pressure in the pressure chamber of the caliper body;
A brake member capable of imparting a frictional force to the disk by sliding contact with the disk;
A guide plate attached to the piston for supporting the restrictor;
A fastening member for fastening the piston and the guide plate;
The piston has a tapered contact portion,
The fastening member is
A bolt having a screw shaft;
A nut screwed onto the screw shaft;
A washer located between the nut and the piston and having a tapered nut side seating surface that contacts the contact portion of the piston;
A disc spring provided between the nut and the washer,
A caliper brake device characterized by that. The guide plate has a tapered contact portion,
The fastening member is provided between the bolt and the guide plate, and includes a taper-shaped bolt side seating surface that contacts the contact portion of the guide plate.
The caliper brake device according to claim 1. The bolt has a head formed with the bolt side seating surface and the screw shaft extending from the head.
The guide plate includes a first accommodating portion having a first insertion hole through which the abutting portion on which the bolt side seating surface is seated and the screw shaft are inserted.
The guide plate and the piston are fastened by screwing the nut into the screw shaft protruding to the piston side through the first insertion hole.
The caliper brake device according to claim 2. The piston includes a second housing portion having a second insertion hole through which the abutting portion on which the nut-side seating surface of the washer is seated and the screw shaft are inserted.
The guide plate and the piston are fastened by screwing the nut through the washer and the disc spring to the screw shaft that protrudes toward the second housing portion through the second insertion hole. The caliper brake device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the caliper brake device is characterized in that: The second storage portion is a storage recess that forms an air chamber that can store the washer, the disc spring, and the nut, and further includes a cap member that closes an open end of the storage recess.
The caliper brake device according to claim 4. The contact portion of the guide plate is formed to be recessed in the guide plate, and the depth of the contact portion is configured to be larger than the thickness of the head portion of the bolt.
The caliper brake device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by the above.

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