JP6199803B2 - Antenna device - Google Patents
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- JP6199803B2 JP6199803B2 JP2014106103A JP2014106103A JP6199803B2 JP 6199803 B2 JP6199803 B2 JP 6199803B2 JP 2014106103 A JP2014106103 A JP 2014106103A JP 2014106103 A JP2014106103 A JP 2014106103A JP 6199803 B2 JP6199803 B2 JP 6199803B2
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 83
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007175 bidirectional communication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、１次アンテナを２次アンテナに電磁結合させ、２次アンテナを通じて通信端末との通信を実行させるアンテナ装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an antenna device that electromagnetically couples a primary antenna to a secondary antenna and performs communication with a communication terminal through the secondary antenna.
従来、１次アンテナ及び通信端末の間で通信される電波を中継可能な２次アンテナを車両ドアの窓ガラスに取り付け、その２次アンテナを通じて１次アンテナを通信端末と通信させるアンテナ装置が周知である（特許文献１等参照）。この技術を用いれば、窓ガラスという広いスペースに２次アンテナを配置することが可能となるので、アンテナ面積を広くとるのに有利となる。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an antenna device is known in which a secondary antenna capable of relaying radio waves communicated between a primary antenna and a communication terminal is attached to a window glass of a vehicle door, and the primary antenna communicates with a communication terminal through the secondary antenna. Yes (see Patent Document 1). If this technique is used, the secondary antenna can be arranged in a wide space such as a window glass, which is advantageous for increasing the antenna area.
この種の１次アンテナでは、コイルのループにおいて、それぞれの場所に応じて磁束の強さが異なる現状がある。具体的には、コイルのループ中央は磁束が強く、ループの端は磁束が弱い。このため、窓ガラスの開閉位置、すなわち１次アンテナ及び２次アンテナの対面位置によっては、１次アンテナの磁束の弱い箇所に２次アンテナが対面することもある。この場合、２次アンテナの出力が弱くなり、通信の確立性という点で問題があった。 In this type of primary antenna, there is a current situation in which the strength of magnetic flux varies depending on each location in a coil loop. Specifically, the magnetic flux is strong at the center of the loop of the coil, and the magnetic flux is weak at the end of the loop. For this reason, depending on the opening / closing position of the window glass, that is, the facing position of the primary antenna and the secondary antenna, the secondary antenna may face a portion where the magnetic flux of the primary antenna is weak. In this case, the output of the secondary antenna becomes weak, and there is a problem in terms of the establishment of communication.
本発明の目的は、可動部材の動きに連動して２次アンテナの位置が切り替わっても、好適な通信成立性を維持することができるアンテナ装置を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device that can maintain favorable communication establishment even when the position of a secondary antenna is switched in conjunction with the movement of a movable member.
前記問題点を解決するアンテナ装置は、閉開される可動部材に、１次アンテナ及び通信端末の間で通信される電波を中継可能な２次アンテナが取り付けられ、当該２次アンテナを通じて前記１次アンテナ及び通信端末を通信させる構成において、前記１次アンテナは、前記２次アンテナと電磁結合する部分となるコイル状の電磁結合部を備え、当該電磁結合部は、コイルのループ断面積が互いに異なる偏心した複数の偏心巻線部を備えた。 In the antenna device that solves the above problem, a secondary antenna that can relay radio waves communicated between a primary antenna and a communication terminal is attached to a movable member that is closed and opened, and the primary antenna passes through the secondary antenna. In the configuration in which the antenna and the communication terminal communicate with each other, the primary antenna includes a coil-shaped electromagnetic coupling portion that is a portion that is electromagnetically coupled to the secondary antenna, and the electromagnetic coupling portion has a different loop cross-sectional area of the coil. A plurality of eccentric winding portions that are eccentric are provided.
本構成によれば、コイルのループ断面積及びループ中心が各々異なる複数の偏心巻線部を１次アンテナに一体に設け、可動部材が開閉されて２次アンテナの位置が変化したときには、複数の偏心巻線部のいずれかのループ中心に２次アンテナが位置合わせされる。このため、可動部材が変位して２次アンテナの位置が変化しても、２次アンテナが偏心巻線部のループ中心に対面されて、高い電磁結合力により１次アンテナ及び２次アンテナが結合される。よって、可動部材と連動する２次アンテナにおいて、１次アンテナとの間の好適な通信成立性を維持することが可能となる。 According to this configuration, when a plurality of eccentric winding portions having different loop cross-sectional areas and loop centers of the coil are integrally provided in the primary antenna, and the position of the secondary antenna changes when the movable member is opened and closed, The secondary antenna is aligned with any loop center of the eccentric winding portion. For this reason, even if the movable member is displaced and the position of the secondary antenna changes, the secondary antenna faces the loop center of the eccentric winding portion, and the primary antenna and the secondary antenna are coupled by a high electromagnetic coupling force. Is done. Therefore, it is possible to maintain favorable communication establishment with the primary antenna in the secondary antenna that is interlocked with the movable member.
前記アンテナ装置において、複数の前記偏心巻線部は、前記可動部材が閉位置をとるとき、コイルのループ断面積の最も小さいものが、前記２次アンテナの電磁結合部に位置するように形成されていることが好ましい。この構成によれば、可動部材が閉状態という使用頻度が最も高いときに、２次アンテナを、ループ断面積が最も小さい偏心巻線部に位置合わせする。このため、可動部材が閉状態という使用頻度が最も高いとき、常に好適な通信成立性を満足させておくことが可能となる。 In the antenna device, the plurality of eccentric winding portions are formed such that when the movable member is in the closed position, the coil having the smallest loop cross-sectional area is located in the electromagnetic coupling portion of the secondary antenna. It is preferable. According to this configuration, when the movable member is in the closed state and is used most frequently, the secondary antenna is aligned with the eccentric winding portion having the smallest loop cross-sectional area. For this reason, when the frequency of use that the movable member is in the closed state is the highest, it is possible to always satisfy favorable communication establishment.
前記アンテナ装置において、複数の前記偏心巻線部は、前記可動部材が閉位置をとるとき、前記２次アンテナとの電磁結合の度合いが最も大きくなるように配列されていることが好ましい。この構成によれば、可動部材が閉状態という使用頻度が最も高いときに、１次アンテナ及び２次アンテナの電磁結合を最も大きくしておける。このため、可動部材が閉状態という使用頻度が最も高いとき、常に好適な通信成立性を満足させておくことが可能となる。 In the antenna device, it is preferable that the plurality of eccentric winding portions are arranged so that the degree of electromagnetic coupling with the secondary antenna is maximized when the movable member is in the closed position. According to this configuration, the electromagnetic coupling between the primary antenna and the secondary antenna can be maximized when the frequency of use in which the movable member is in the closed state is the highest. For this reason, when the frequency of use that the movable member is in the closed state is the highest, it is possible to always satisfy favorable communication establishment.
前記アンテナ装置において、複数の前記偏心巻線部は、各ループ中心を繋ぐ線が前記可動部材の移動方向に沿うように、位置が整列されていることが好ましい。この構成によれば、可動部材が可動して２次アンテナが他の偏心巻線部に対面するようになっても、常にループ中心に位置合わせされるので、２次アンテナの通信成立性を維持するのに一層有利となる。 In the antenna device, it is preferable that positions of the plurality of eccentric winding portions are aligned such that a line connecting the centers of the loops is along a moving direction of the movable member. According to this configuration, even if the movable member moves and the secondary antenna comes to face the other eccentric winding part, it is always aligned with the center of the loop, so the communication feasibility of the secondary antenna is maintained. This is even more advantageous.
前記アンテナ装置において、複数の前記偏心巻線部は、コイルの少なくとも一部分が重ね合わされて形成されていることが好ましい。この構成によれば、それぞれの偏心巻線部において巻数を多くとることが可能となるので、２次アンテナの通信成立性を確保するのに一層有利となる。 In the antenna device, it is preferable that the plurality of eccentric winding portions are formed by overlapping at least a part of coils. According to this configuration, since it is possible to increase the number of turns in each eccentric winding portion, it is further advantageous to ensure communication feasibility of the secondary antenna.
本発明によれば、可動部材の動きに連動して２次アンテナの位置が切り替わっても、好適な通信成立性を維持することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if the position of a secondary antenna switches in response to a motion of a movable member, suitable communication establishment property can be maintained.
以下、アンテナ装置の一実施形態を図１〜図５に従って説明する。
図１に示すように、車両１は、通信端末２との無線によるＩＤ照合の照合結果に基づき車載機器を制御するセキュリティシステム３を備える。本例のセキュリティシステム３は、例えば車両ドア４の施解錠を制御するものである。セキュリティシステム３の通信には、例えば近距離無線通信を使用するとよい。近距離無線には、例えば近接場型（ＮＦＣ（Near Field Communication））、ＲＦＩＤ（Radio Frequency IDentification）、ブルートゥース（Bluetooth：登録商標）などがある。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of an antenna device will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle 1 includes a security system 3 that controls an in-vehicle device based on a result of wireless ID verification with the communication terminal 2. The security system 3 of this example controls locking / unlocking of the vehicle door 4, for example. For the communication of the security system 3, for example, short-range wireless communication may be used. The near field radio includes, for example, a near field type (NFC (Near Field Communication)), RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification), and Bluetooth (registered trademark).
通信端末２は、例えば車両１の専用キーとして設けられた電子キー、認証カードの一種であるＩＣカード、高機能携帯電話等の携帯端末であることが好ましい。通信端末２のメモリ（図示略）には、通信端末２の固有ＩＤとして通信端末キーＩＤが書き込み保存されている。 The communication terminal 2 is preferably a portable terminal such as an electronic key provided as a dedicated key of the vehicle 1, an IC card which is a kind of authentication card, a high-function mobile phone, or the like. In a memory (not shown) of the communication terminal 2, a communication terminal key ID is written and stored as a unique ID of the communication terminal 2.
車両１は、通信端末２とＩＤ照合を実行する端末認証ＥＣＵ（Electronic Control Unit）５と、車載電装品の電源を管理するボディＥＣＵ６とを備える。これらＥＣＵは、車内の通信線７を通じて接続されている。端末認証ＥＣＵ５のメモリには、端末認証ＥＣＵ５（車両１）に登録された通信端末２のＩＤである通信端末キーＩＤが書き込み保存されている。ボディＥＣＵ６は、車両ドア４に配設されたドア錠８の作動を制御する。 The vehicle 1 includes a terminal authentication ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 5 that performs ID verification with the communication terminal 2 and a body ECU 6 that manages the power supply of the on-vehicle electrical components. These ECUs are connected through a communication line 7 in the vehicle. In the memory of the terminal authentication ECU 5, a communication terminal key ID that is an ID of the communication terminal 2 registered in the terminal authentication ECU 5 (vehicle 1) is written and stored. The body ECU 6 controls the operation of the door lock 8 disposed on the vehicle door 4.
車両１は、車両１においてセキュリティシステム３の電波の送受信を実行するアンテナ装置９を備える。アンテナ装置９は、端末認証ＥＣＵ５に接続された１次アンテナ１１と、通信端末２及び１次アンテナ１１の間で送受される電波を中継する２次アンテナ１２とを備える。１次アンテナ１１は、車両ドア４のガラス部分ではないドア本体１３に取り付けられる。２次アンテナ１２は、車両ドア４の窓ガラス１４に取り付けられる。 The vehicle 1 includes an antenna device 9 that performs transmission and reception of radio waves of the security system 3 in the vehicle 1. The antenna device 9 includes a primary antenna 11 connected to the terminal authentication ECU 5 and a secondary antenna 12 that relays radio waves transmitted and received between the communication terminal 2 and the primary antenna 11. The primary antenna 11 is attached to a door body 13 that is not a glass portion of the vehicle door 4. The secondary antenna 12 is attached to the window glass 14 of the vehicle door 4.
図２に示すように、２次アンテナ１２は、１次アンテナ１１と電磁結合する部分となる電磁結合部１５と、通信される電波のポートとなる入出力部１６と、これらを繋げる細幅の連結部１７とを備える。電磁結合部１５、入出力部１６及び連結部１７は、１本のアンテナ線を、必要とする形状に沿わせて複数周巻くことにより形成されている。電磁結合部１５は、例えば略四角形状に形成されるとともに、閉状態の窓ガラス１４においてドア本体１３（ドア壁）の内部に隠れるドア壁内隠れ部１８に配置される。入出力部１６は、例えば円環状に形成されるとともに、窓ガラス１４の可視部１９に配置される。 As shown in FIG. 2, the secondary antenna 12 includes an electromagnetic coupling portion 15 that is a portion that is electromagnetically coupled to the primary antenna 11, an input / output portion 16 that is a port of radio waves to be communicated, and a narrow width that connects them. And a connecting portion 17. The electromagnetic coupling unit 15, the input / output unit 16, and the connection unit 17 are formed by winding a single antenna wire a plurality of times along a required shape. The electromagnetic coupling portion 15 is formed in, for example, a substantially rectangular shape, and is disposed in a door wall hidden portion 18 that is hidden inside the door body 13 (door wall) in the closed window glass 14. The input / output unit 16 is formed in an annular shape, for example, and is disposed in the visible portion 19 of the window glass 14.
図３に示すように、１次アンテナ１１は、２次アンテナ１２（電磁結合部１５）と電磁結合する部分となるコイル状の電磁結合部２１を備える。電磁結合部２１は、コイルのループ断面積Ｓが互いに異なる偏心した複数の偏心巻線部２２を備える。これら偏心巻線部２２は、ループの周長さ、又はループ径が互いに異なるともいえる。複数の偏心巻線部２２は、１本のアンテナ線を、必要とする形状に沿わせて複数周巻くことにより形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the primary antenna 11 includes a coiled electromagnetic coupling portion 21 that is a portion electromagnetically coupled to the secondary antenna 12 (electromagnetic coupling portion 15). The electromagnetic coupling portion 21 includes a plurality of eccentric winding portions 22 that are eccentric with different loop cross-sectional areas S of the coils. It can be said that these eccentric winding portions 22 have different loop circumferential lengths or loop diameters. The plurality of eccentric winding portions 22 are formed by winding a single antenna wire a plurality of times along a required shape.
本例の偏心巻線部２２は、窓ガラス１４の開閉方向（図３の矢印Ａ方向）に沿うように、３つ並び配置されている。本例の場合、窓ガラス１４の開方向（図３の矢印Ａ１方向）に沿って、図中の最も上のものを第１偏心巻線部２２ａとし、真ん中のものを第２偏心巻線部２２ｂとし、最も下のものを第３偏心巻線部２２ｃとする。 Three eccentric winding portions 22 of this example are arranged side by side along the opening / closing direction (direction of arrow A in FIG. 3) of the window glass 14. In the case of this example, along the opening direction of window glass 14 (the direction of arrow A1 in FIG. 3), the uppermost one in the drawing is the first eccentric winding portion 22a, and the middle one is the second eccentric winding portion. 22b, and the lowest one is the third eccentric winding portion 22c.
図４に、１次アンテナ１１の展開図を図示する。第１偏心巻線部２２ａ〜第３偏心巻線部２２ｃは、各ループ中心Ｐ１〜Ｐ３を繋げた線Ｌｋが窓ガラス１４の開閉方向に沿うように、位置が整列されている。第１偏心巻線部２２ａ〜第３偏心巻線部２２ｃは、窓ガラス１４の開方向に沿い、コイルのループ断面積Ｓが順に大きくなるように形成されている。すなわち、ループ断面積Ｓは、Ｓ１＜Ｓ２＜Ｓ３の関係を満足するように形成されている。こうすると、第１偏心巻線部２２ａ〜第３偏心巻線部２２ｃの巻数が同じであっても、なお、第１偏心巻線部２２ａ〜第３偏心巻線部２２ｃの巻数は、同じとしてもよいが、２２ａから２２ｃに従って巻数を減らしてもよい。 FIG. 4 shows a development view of the primary antenna 11. The positions of the first eccentric winding portion 22a to the third eccentric winding portion 22c are aligned such that a line Lk connecting the loop centers P1 to P3 is along the opening / closing direction of the window glass 14. The first eccentric winding portion 22a to the third eccentric winding portion 22c are formed so that the loop cross-sectional area S of the coil increases in order along the opening direction of the window glass 14. That is, the loop cross-sectional area S is formed so as to satisfy the relationship of S1 <S2 <S3. In this way, even if the number of turns of the first eccentric winding part 22a to the third eccentric winding part 22c is the same, the number of turns of the first eccentric winding part 22a to the third eccentric winding part 22c is assumed to be the same. However, the number of turns may be reduced according to 22a to 22c.
第１偏心巻線部２２ａ〜第３偏心巻線部２２ｃの巻数を同じとして面積をＳ１＜Ｓ２＜Ｓ３と設定したとき、または第１偏心巻線部２２ａ〜第３偏心巻線部２２ｃの巻数を順に減らしていったとき、いずれもインダクタンス値はＬ１＜Ｌ２＜Ｌ３となる。インダクタンスＬ１は、第１偏心巻線部２２ａのインダクタンス値であり、インダクタンスＬ２は、第２偏心巻線部２２ｂのインダクタンス値であり、インダクタンスＬ３は、第３偏心巻線部２２ｃのインダクタンス値である。 When the number of turns of the first eccentric winding part 22a to the third eccentric winding part 22c is the same and the area is set as S1 <S2 <S3, or the number of turns of the first eccentric winding part 22a to the third eccentric winding part 22c In this case, the inductance value becomes L1 <L2 <L3. The inductance L1 is the inductance value of the first eccentric winding portion 22a, the inductance L2 is the inductance value of the second eccentric winding portion 22b, and the inductance L3 is the inductance value of the third eccentric winding portion 22c. .
また、第１偏心巻線部２２ａ〜第３偏心巻線部２２ｃは、窓ガラス１４の開方向に沿ってループ中心Ｐが徐々に変位するようになっている。具体的には、第１偏心巻線部２２ａにおいて電磁結合部１５が位置合わせされるループ中心Ｐ１は、第１偏心巻線部２２ａの中心に設定されている。第２偏心巻線部２２ｂにおいて電磁結合部１５が位置合わせされるループ中心Ｐ２は、第１偏心巻線部２２ａの下側の辺２２ａ−２が磁束通路に干渉しないように、第２偏心巻線部２２ｂにおいて下方寄りの位置に配置されている。第３偏心巻線部２２ｃにおいて電磁結合部１５が位置合わせされるループ中心Ｐ３は、第２偏心巻線部２２ｂの下側の辺２２ｂ−２が磁束通路に干渉しないように、第３偏心巻線部２２ｃにおいて下方寄りの位置に配置されている。 Further, the loop center P of the first eccentric winding part 22 a to the third eccentric winding part 22 c is gradually displaced along the opening direction of the window glass 14. Specifically, the loop center P1 where the electromagnetic coupling portion 15 is aligned in the first eccentric winding portion 22a is set at the center of the first eccentric winding portion 22a. The loop center P2 where the electromagnetic coupling portion 15 is aligned in the second eccentric winding portion 22b is arranged such that the lower side 22a-2 of the first eccentric winding portion 22a does not interfere with the magnetic flux path. It arrange | positions in the position near the downward direction in the line part 22b. The loop center P3 where the electromagnetic coupling portion 15 is aligned in the third eccentric winding portion 22c is arranged such that the lower side 22b-2 of the second eccentric winding portion 22b does not interfere with the magnetic flux path. It arrange | positions in the position near the downward direction in the line part 22c.
複数の偏心巻線部２２は、ループの少なくとも一部分が重なるように配置されている。具体的に述べると、第１偏心巻線部２２ａの一辺（上辺）２２ａ−１は、第２偏心巻線部２２ｂのループと、第３偏心巻線部２２ｃのループとに共用されている。なお、本例の各図において、第１偏心巻線部２２ａ〜第３偏心巻線部２２ｃのアンテナ線が重なる部分は、見やすくするために便宜上、各線をずらして描いている。 The plurality of eccentric winding portions 22 are arranged so that at least a part of the loop overlaps. Specifically, one side (upper side) 22a-1 of the first eccentric winding part 22a is shared by the loop of the second eccentric winding part 22b and the loop of the third eccentric winding part 22c. In each drawing of this example, the portions where the antenna wires of the first eccentric winding portion 22a to the third eccentric winding portion 22c overlap are drawn by shifting the lines for convenience.
次に、図５を用いて、アンテナ装置９の作用を説明する。
図５（ａ）に示すように、窓ガラス１４が全閉状態となっているとき、２次アンテナ１２の電磁結合部１５は、１次アンテナ１１の第１偏心巻線部２２ａとループ中心Ｐ１において対向する。これにより、１次アンテナ１１及び２次アンテナ１２が電磁結合し、通信端末２及び端末認証ＥＣＵ５の間で双方向通信が可能になる。また、アンテナ線の巻数が最も多く確保されているのが第１偏心巻線部２２ａであるので、３つの偏心巻線部２２のうち、第１偏心巻線部２２ａの電磁結合力が最も高い。よって、アンテナ装置９の使用頻度が最も多いと想定される窓ガラス１４が閉じているときに、アンテナ装置９の出力を最大にしておくことも可能となる。
Next, the operation of the antenna device 9 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5A, when the window glass 14 is in a fully closed state, the electromagnetic coupling portion 15 of the secondary antenna 12 is connected to the first eccentric winding portion 22a of the primary antenna 11 and the loop center P1. At the opposite. Thereby, the primary antenna 11 and the secondary antenna 12 are electromagnetically coupled, and bidirectional communication is possible between the communication terminal 2 and the terminal authentication ECU 5. In addition, since the first eccentric winding portion 22a has the largest number of turns of the antenna wire, among the three eccentric winding portions 22, the electromagnetic coupling force of the first eccentric winding portion 22a is the highest. . Therefore, it is possible to maximize the output of the antenna device 9 when the window glass 14 assumed to be used most frequently is closed.
図５（ｂ）に示すように、窓ガラス１４がごく少量の間隔Ｗ１（一例は１ｃｍ程度）だけ開けられたとする。このとき、窓ガラス１４の開き量に応じて２次アンテナ１２が下がり、固定されている１次アンテナ１１に対し、２次アンテナ１２の電磁結合部１５は、１次アンテナ１１の第２偏心巻線部２２ｂとループ中心Ｐ２付近で対向する。これにより、１次アンテナ１１及び２次アンテナ１２の電磁結合が維持されるが、電磁結合部１５は第２偏心巻線部２２ｂのループ中心Ｐ２に位置合わせされる。アンテナ線の巻数が第１偏心巻線部２２ａより少ない第２偏心巻線部２２ｂといえど、ある程度の電磁結合力は確保される。よって、アンテナ装置９の出力の低減も極力少なく抑えることが可能となる。 As shown in FIG. 5B, it is assumed that the window glass 14 is opened by a very small distance W1 (an example is about 1 cm). At this time, the secondary antenna 12 is lowered according to the opening amount of the window glass 14, and the electromagnetic coupling portion 15 of the secondary antenna 12 is connected to the second eccentric winding of the primary antenna 11 with respect to the fixed primary antenna 11. The line 22b faces the loop center P2. Thereby, although the electromagnetic coupling of the primary antenna 11 and the secondary antenna 12 is maintained, the electromagnetic coupling part 15 is aligned with the loop center P2 of the second eccentric winding part 22b. Even if the number of turns of the antenna wire is smaller than that of the first eccentric winding portion 22a, a certain degree of electromagnetic coupling force is ensured. Therefore, the output of the antenna device 9 can be reduced as much as possible.
図５（ｃ）に示すように、窓ガラス１４がＷ１よりも広い所定の間隔Ｗ２（一例は数ｃｍ）だけ開けられたとする。このとき、窓ガラス１４の開き量に応じて２次アンテナ１２が更に下がり、２次アンテナ１２の電磁結合部１５は、１次アンテナ１１の第３偏心巻線部２２ｃとループ中心Ｐ３付近で対向する。これにより、１次アンテナ１１及び２次アンテナ１２の電磁結合が維持される。また、このときに電磁結合部１５は第３偏心巻線部２２ｃのループ中心Ｐ３に位置合わせされるので、アンテナ線の巻数が第１偏心巻線部２２ａより少ない第３偏心巻線部２２ｃといえど、ある程度の電磁結合力は確保される。よって、アンテナ装置９の出力の低減も極力少なく抑えることが可能となる。 As shown in FIG. 5C, it is assumed that the window glass 14 is opened by a predetermined interval W2 (an example is several centimeters) wider than W1. At this time, the secondary antenna 12 further falls according to the opening amount of the window glass 14, and the electromagnetic coupling portion 15 of the secondary antenna 12 faces the third eccentric winding portion 22c of the primary antenna 11 near the loop center P3. To do. Thereby, the electromagnetic coupling of the primary antenna 11 and the secondary antenna 12 is maintained. At this time, since the electromagnetic coupling portion 15 is aligned with the loop center P3 of the third eccentric winding portion 22c, the third eccentric winding portion 22c has a smaller number of turns of the antenna wire than the first eccentric winding portion 22a. However, a certain degree of electromagnetic coupling force is ensured. Therefore, the output of the antenna device 9 can be reduced as much as possible.
本実施形態の構成によれば、以下に記載の効果を得ることができる。
（１）窓ガラス１４に取り付けられた２次アンテナ１２と電磁結合して通信端末２と通信する１次アンテナ１１において、窓ガラス１４の開方向に沿ってループ断面積Ｓが徐々に大きく、かつループ中心Ｐが徐々に変位していくように、複数の偏心巻線部２２を設けた。この構造をとることにより、窓ガラス１４が開閉されて２次アンテナ１２の位置が変化したとしても、２次アンテナ１２はこれら偏心巻線部２２のいずれかに位置合わせされる。このため、窓ガラス１４が変位して２次アンテナ１２の位置が変化しても、２次アンテナ１２がいずれかの偏心巻線部２２のループ中心Ｐ１〜Ｐ３に対面されて、高い電磁結合力により１次アンテナ１１及び２次アンテナ１２が結合される。よって、窓ガラス１４と連動する２次アンテナ１２において、１次アンテナ１１との間の好適な通信成立性を維持することができる。
According to the configuration of the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In the primary antenna 11 that electromagnetically couples with the secondary antenna 12 attached to the window glass 14 and communicates with the communication terminal 2, the loop cross-sectional area S gradually increases along the opening direction of the window glass 14, and A plurality of eccentric winding portions 22 are provided so that the loop center P is gradually displaced. By adopting this structure, even if the window glass 14 is opened and closed and the position of the secondary antenna 12 is changed, the secondary antenna 12 is aligned with one of these eccentric winding portions 22. For this reason, even if the window glass 14 is displaced and the position of the secondary antenna 12 changes, the secondary antenna 12 faces the loop centers P <b> 1 to P <b> 3 of one of the eccentric winding portions 22, and the high electromagnetic coupling force Thus, the primary antenna 11 and the secondary antenna 12 are coupled. Therefore, suitable communication establishment with the primary antenna 11 can be maintained in the secondary antenna 12 interlocked with the window glass 14.
（２）窓ガラス１４が閉位置（閉状態）のとき、複数の偏心巻線部２２ａ〜２２ｃのうち、最もループ面積の小さい２２ａが、２次アンテナ１２の電磁結合部１５に位置する形状に形成される。このため、窓ガラス１４が閉状態という使用頻度が最も高いとき、常に好適な通信成立性を満足させておくことができる。 (2) When the window glass 14 is in the closed position (closed state), among the plurality of eccentric winding portions 22a to 22c, 22a having the smallest loop area is positioned in the electromagnetic coupling portion 15 of the secondary antenna 12. It is formed. For this reason, when the frequency of use that the window glass 14 is in the closed state is the highest, it is possible to always satisfy favorable communication establishment.
（３）複数の偏心巻線部２２は、各ループ中心Ｐ１〜Ｐ３を繋ぐ線Ｌｋが窓ガラス１４の開閉方向に沿う状態となるように、位置が整列されている。言い換えると、複数の偏心巻線部２２は、本例のように四角状をとるとき、４辺中の３辺が重なるように、アンテナ線が巻き形成されている。よって、窓ガラス１４が開き操作されて２次アンテナ１２が第２偏心巻線部２２ｂや第３偏心巻線部２２ｃに対面するようになっても、それらループ中心Ｐ２，Ｐ３に位置させることが可能となるので、２次アンテナ１２の通信成立性を維持するのに一層有利となる。 (3) The positions of the plurality of eccentric winding portions 22 are aligned so that the line Lk connecting the loop centers P1 to P3 is along the opening / closing direction of the window glass 14. In other words, when the plurality of eccentric winding portions 22 have a square shape as in this example, the antenna wires are wound so that three of the four sides overlap. Therefore, even if the window glass 14 is opened and the secondary antenna 12 comes to face the second eccentric winding portion 22b or the third eccentric winding portion 22c, it can be positioned at the loop centers P2 and P3. As a result, it becomes more advantageous to maintain the communication feasibility of the secondary antenna 12.
（４）複数の偏心巻線部２２は、コイル（アンテナ線）の少なくとも一部分が重ね泡割れて形成されている。よって、それぞれの偏心巻線部２２において巻数を多くとることが可能となるので、２次アンテナ１２の通信成立性を確保するのに一層有利となる。 (4) The plurality of eccentric winding portions 22 are formed by overlapping and cracking at least a part of a coil (antenna wire). Therefore, since it is possible to increase the number of turns in each eccentric winding part 22, it is further advantageous to ensure the communication feasibility of the secondary antenna 12.
なお、実施形態はこれまでに述べた構成に限らず、以下の態様に変更してもよい。
・図６（ａ）に示すように、１次アンテナ１１は、各偏心巻線部２２（２２ａ〜２２ｃ）が楕円形状をとるものでもよい。
Note that the embodiment is not limited to the configuration described so far, and may be modified as follows.
-As shown to Fig.6 (a), as for the primary antenna 11, each eccentric winding part 22 (22a-22c) may take an elliptical shape.
・図６（ｂ）に示すように、１次アンテナ１１は、略四角形状とした各偏心巻線部２２（２２ａ〜２２ｄ）の角を合わせて重ね配置された形状をとってもよい。また、複数の偏心巻線部２２を相似形に形成してもよい。 -As shown in FIG.6 (b), the primary antenna 11 may take the shape where the angle | corner of each eccentric winding part 22 (22a-22d) made into the substantially square shape was overlapped and arranged. Moreover, you may form the some eccentric winding part 22 in a similar shape.
・図６（ｃ）に示すように、１次アンテナ１１は、各偏心巻線部２２（２２ａ〜２２ｄ）が台形状をとってもよい。
・２次アンテナ１２の形状は、四角状の電磁結合部１５と円形状の入出力部１６とを幅狭の連結部１７で繋げた形状に限定されず、種々の形状に変更可能である。
-As shown in FIG.6 (c), as for the primary antenna 11, each eccentric winding part 22 (22a-22d) may take a trapezoid shape.
The shape of the secondary antenna 12 is not limited to the shape in which the rectangular electromagnetic coupling portion 15 and the circular input / output portion 16 are connected by the narrow connecting portion 17, and can be changed to various shapes.
・入出力部１６は、例えば四角形状に変更してもよい。
・入出力部１６の窓ガラス１４における取り付け位置は、ガラス上寄りの位置、ガラス下寄りの位置、ガラス左寄りの位置、ガラス右寄りの位置など、様々な位置が採用可能である。
The input / output unit 16 may be changed to a square shape, for example.
Various positions such as a position on the upper side of the glass, a position on the lower side of the glass, a position on the left side of the glass, and a position on the right side of the glass can be adopted as the attachment position of the input / output unit 16 on the window glass 14.
・車両ドア４は、運転席ドアに限らず、助手席ドアや後部左右ドアなどに変更してもよい。
・可動部材は、窓ガラス１４に限らず、開閉される部材であればよい。
The vehicle door 4 is not limited to the driver's seat door, and may be changed to a passenger seat door, rear left and right doors, or the like.
The movable member is not limited to the window glass 14 and may be any member that can be opened and closed.
・通信端末２は、無線通信が可能な端末であればよい。
・アンテナ装置９の通信の周波数は、ＬＦ、ＨＦ、ＵＨＦなど、種々の周波数を使用できる。
The communication terminal 2 may be any terminal that can perform wireless communication.
The communication frequency of the antenna device 9 can use various frequencies such as LF, HF, and UHF.
・セキュリティシステム３は、近距離無線システムに限らず、例えば狭域無線を使用したキー操作フリーシステムなど、種々のシステムを適用可能である。
・アンテナ装置９は、車両１のセキュリティシステム３に適用されることに限らず、種々のシステムに採用してもよい。
The security system 3 is not limited to the short-range wireless system, and various systems such as a key operation free system using a narrow area wireless can be applied.
The antenna device 9 is not limited to being applied to the security system 3 of the vehicle 1 and may be employed in various systems.
次に、上記実施形態及び別例から把握できる技術的思想について、それらの効果とともに以下に追記する。
（イ）開閉される可動部材に取り付けられた２次アンテナを通じて通信端末と通信する１次アンテナにおいて、前記２次アンテナと電磁結合する部分となるコイル状の電磁結合部を備え、当該電磁結合部は、コイルのループ断面積（ループの周長さやループ径）が互いに異なる偏心した複数の偏心巻線部を備えた。この構成によれば、前述のアンテナ装置と同様の作用効果を得ることが可能となる。
Next, technical ideas that can be grasped from the above-described embodiment and other examples will be described below together with their effects.
(A) In a primary antenna that communicates with a communication terminal through a secondary antenna attached to a movable member that is opened and closed, the primary antenna includes a coiled electromagnetic coupling portion that serves as an electromagnetic coupling portion with the secondary antenna, and the electromagnetic coupling portion Provided with a plurality of eccentric winding portions having different coil cross-sectional areas (loop circumferential length and loop diameter). According to this configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the antenna device described above.
２…通信端末、９…アンテナ装置、１１…１次アンテナ、１２…２次アンテナ、１４…可動部材の一例である窓ガラス、１５…２次アンテナの電磁結合部、２１…１次アンテナの電磁結合部、２２（２２ａ〜２２ｄ）…偏心巻線部、Ｓ（Ｓ１，Ｓ２，Ｓ３）…ループ断面積、Ｐ（Ｐ１〜Ｐ３）…ループ中心、Ｌｋ…ループ中心を繋ぐ線。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Communication terminal, 9 ... Antenna apparatus, 11 ... Primary antenna, 12 ... Secondary antenna, 14 ... Window glass which is an example of a movable member, 15 ... Electromagnetic coupling part of a secondary antenna, 21 ... Electromagnetic of a primary antenna Coupling part, 22 (22a-22d) ... eccentric winding part, S (S1, S2, S3) ... loop cross-sectional area, P (P1 to P3) ... loop center, Lk ... line connecting the loop centers.
Claims (4)
前記１次アンテナは、前記２次アンテナと電磁結合する部分となるコイル状の電磁結合部を備え、
当該電磁結合部は、コイルのループ断面積が互いに異なる偏心した複数の偏心巻線部を備え、
複数の前記偏心巻線部は、前記可動部材が閉位置をとるとき、コイルのループ断面積の最も小さいものが、前記２次アンテナの電磁結合部に位置するように形成されている
ことを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 In an antenna apparatus, wherein a secondary antenna capable of relaying a radio wave communicated between a primary antenna and a communication terminal is attached to a movable member that is closed and opened, and the primary antenna and the communication terminal communicate with each other through the secondary antenna ,
The primary antenna includes a coiled electromagnetic coupling portion that is a portion electromagnetically coupled to the secondary antenna,
The electromagnetic coupling part includes a plurality of eccentric winding parts having different eccentric loop cross-sectional areas of the coil ,
The plurality of eccentric winding portions are formed such that when the movable member is in the closed position, the coil having the smallest loop cross-sectional area is located at the electromagnetic coupling portion of the secondary antenna <br / > An antenna device characterized by that.
前記１次アンテナは、前記２次アンテナと電磁結合する部分となるコイル状の電磁結合部を備え、
当該電磁結合部は、コイルのループ断面積が互いに異なる偏心した複数の偏心巻線部を備え、
複数の前記偏心巻線部は、前記可動部材が閉位置をとるとき、前記２次アンテナとの電磁結合の度合いが最も大きくなるように配列されている
ことを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 In an antenna apparatus, wherein a secondary antenna capable of relaying a radio wave communicated between a primary antenna and a communication terminal is attached to a movable member that is closed and opened, and the primary antenna and the communication terminal communicate with each other through the secondary antenna ,
The primary antenna includes a coiled electromagnetic coupling portion that is a portion electromagnetically coupled to the secondary antenna,
The electromagnetic coupling part includes a plurality of eccentric winding parts having different eccentric loop cross-sectional areas of the coil ,
The plurality of eccentric winding portions are arranged such that the degree of electromagnetic coupling with the secondary antenna is maximized when the movable member is in the closed position. .
前記１次アンテナは、前記２次アンテナと電磁結合する部分となるコイル状の電磁結合部を備え、
当該電磁結合部は、コイルのループ断面積が互いに異なる偏心した複数の偏心巻線部を備え、
複数の前記偏心巻線部は、各ループ中心を繋ぐ線が前記可動部材の移動方向に沿うように、位置が整列されている
ことを特徴とするアンテナ装置。 In an antenna apparatus, wherein a secondary antenna capable of relaying a radio wave communicated between a primary antenna and a communication terminal is attached to a movable member that is closed and opened, and the primary antenna and the communication terminal communicate with each other through the secondary antenna ,
The primary antenna includes a coiled electromagnetic coupling portion that is a portion electromagnetically coupled to the secondary antenna,
The electromagnetic coupling part includes a plurality of eccentric winding parts having different eccentric loop cross-sectional areas of the coil ,
The antenna device , wherein the plurality of eccentric winding portions are aligned such that a line connecting the centers of the loops is along a moving direction of the movable member .
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