JP6199558B2 - イヌにおける腎障害を診断し、そして治療するための組成物および方法 - Google Patents
イヌにおける腎障害を診断し、そして治療するための組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
[0002]本発明は:イヌにおける、腎臓機能の異常な喪失、腎不全、糸球体ろ過速度減少または糸球体腎炎によって特徴付けられる腎障害を診断し、該障害に対する治療計画を考案し、そして監視し、そして該障害の状態を監視するための組成物および方法に関する、ここで腎障害は、こうしたイヌから採取される生物学的試験試料から単離され、そして測定される少なくとも1つの適切なバイオマーカーを利用することによって検出可能である。本発明の組成物および方法の実施に適したバイオマーカーは、こうしたイヌのこうした生物学的試験試料から採取されるRNA転写物またはその翻訳産物を含む。本発明の方法を実施するための生物学的試験試料は、こうしたイヌの腎臓の組織試料またはこうしたイヌから採取される生物学的液体の標本を含む。
[0024]本発明は、部分的に、イヌにおける特定の遺伝子発現プロファイルが、時間を掛けて腎臓機能減少を導きうる、腎臓における異常な生物学的プロセスへの、正常からのこうした動物における変化と相関するという発見に基づく。特定の遺伝子発現プロファイルと、腎臓機能減少を経験するリスクの相関は、腎臓疾患の当該技術分野に認識される臨床徴候および症状に基づく慣用的な臨床診断を提供せずに、イヌにおいて、予測され、検出され、そして診断可能である。したがって、イヌにおける改変された遺伝子発現プロファイルは、そうでなければ、腎臓機能の当該技術分野に知られる測定によって、後の時点で診断可能であるような、腎臓機能減少を予測する。当該技術分野に知られるこうした腎臓機能測定には、典型的には、例えば以下の測定の1つが含まれうる:糸球体ろ過速度、クレアチニン・クリアランス速度、尿タンパク質レベル、血清クレアチニン・レベル、尿クレアチニン・レベル、血液尿素窒素(BUN)レベル、放射性同位体代謝標識、超音波検査、磁気共鳴画像化および/またはコンピュータ断層撮影を含む軟組織画像化。血清クレアチニンおよびBUNレベルなどの非侵襲性アッセイは、典型的には、腎臓組織病理と劣った相関を示し、そして一般的に、腎臓における将来の変化を予測しない。
[0088]他の適切な増幅法には、リガーゼ連鎖反応(LCR)(例えば、WuおよびWallace, Genomics 4, 560(1989)、Landegrenら, Science 241, 1077(1988)、ならびにBarringerら Gene 89:117(1990))、転写増幅(Kwohら, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 1173(1989)およびWO88/10315)、自己維持配列複製(Guatelliら, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 87, 1874(1990)およびWO90/06995)、ターゲット・ポリヌクレオチド配列の選択的増幅(米国特許第6,410,276号)、コンセンサス配列プライミング・ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(CP−PCR)(米国特許第4,437,975号)、恣意的プライミング・ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(AP−PCR)(米国特許第5,413,909号、第5,861,245号)および核酸に基づく配列増幅(NABSA)が含まれる。
[00105]用語「腎疾患」または「腎障害」あるいは類似の「腎臓疾患」または「腎臓障害」は、腎機能の急性または慢性の異常な喪失、例えば腎不全、糸球体ろ過速度減少および糸球体腎炎を含むと意図される。糸球体腎炎は、糸球体基底膜肥厚を伴う膜性糸球体腎炎の形を取りうる。あるいは、糸球体腎炎は、増殖性またはメサンギウム増殖性糸球体腎炎の形を取ることも可能であり、これは、メサンギウム基質における細胞の増殖によって特徴付けられる。さらに、糸球体腎炎は、膜増殖性糸球体腎炎の形を取ることも可能であり、これは、前述の変化の組み合わせを伴う。糸球体硬化症は、糸球体腎炎の重症型である。腎疾患または腎障害にはまた、すべて当該技術分野に一般的な技術を持つ獣医によって示差的に診断されるような、腎炎、腎症、過剰ろ過、軽度微量アルブミン尿、臨床的アルブミン尿、進行性臨床的腎症、慢性腎機能不全、腎乳頭に対する傷害、尿細管壊死および糖尿病性腎症も含まれる。該用語は、遺伝子起源の多発性嚢胞腎疾患を含むとは意図されない。
[00143]以下の実施例において、慢性腎疾患の徴候または症状を示さない動物に対して、慢性腎疾患の臨床的徴候を示すイヌを試験した。以下の表1および2に示す基準に基づいて、そして国際獣医腎臓病研究グループ(IRIS)のガイドラインにしたがって、慢性腎疾患の病理学的診断を行った。
[00147]以下の実施例において、GeneSpringバージョン7.0(GS)ソフトウェア(Agilent Corporation)を用いて生データを分析し、そしてR−Bioconductor(RB)フリーウェアを用いて検証した。両方のソフトウェア・パッケージを用いて、Affymetrix装置によって生成されるCELファイルからプローブ強度を計算する。R−BioconductorおよびGeneSpringソフトウェアを別個に用いて、プローブあたりの存在/非存在/境界コールおよびP値を計算する。
[00150]材料および方法。以下の一般法を用いて、本明細書の実施例にさらに記載するように、遺伝子チップを利用した遺伝子発現プロファイリングのため、イヌおよびネコの組織試料からRNAを単離してもよい。一般の当業者には、これらの方法または当該技術分野内で認められるようなその修飾を適用して、一般の当業者に利用可能な多様な分析法、特にマイクロアレイ技術を用いて、さらなる遺伝子発現分析のため、組織または体液試料からRNAを単離してもよいことが明らかであろう。
[00155]組織ホモジナイズ:液体窒素を保持可能な容器を、3〜4杯の液体窒素で満たす。前述の容器内に凍結組織片を直ちに入れ(組織はエンドウ豆サイズでなければならない)、そして組織を適切にラベル付けした50mLポリプロピレン試験管(すでに4mL TRIzol(登録商標)を含有しているもの)内に入れる。Ultra−Turrax T25強力ホモジナイザーを用いて、直ちにホモジナイズを開始する。最高設定(6)で10〜15秒間ホモジナイズする。試料を氷上でさらに10〜15秒間冷却し、そして次いで反復する。組織が完全にホモジナイズされるまで続け、そして溶液は濁っている。完全にホモジナイズされたら、50mL試験管に蓋をし、そして氷に戻す。ホモジナイズした組織を室温で5分間インキュベーションした後、単離法を進める。
[00158]RNeasyミニキットを用いた、OptiCellチャンバー中で培養した細胞からのRNA単離。哺乳動物細胞株から培養した細胞を用いて、優れた品質のRNAを単離し、これを次いで、さらなる下流ゲノム分析に用いる。細胞の培養に関連するすべての実験を、厳密な無菌条件下で行うものとする。
[00173]慢性腎疾患の多様な病期を有するイヌを用いて、先の実施例1〜5にしたがって、研究を行って、正常腎機能を有するイヌ、ならびに表1に提示するような病期1〜4に対応する最小限の、軽度の、中程度の、そして顕著な糸球体腎炎を有するイヌの間の、根底にある遺伝子発現相違を決定した。本明細書の実施例に記載するような方法を用いて、表2に提示される血漿クレアチニン・レベルによって、そして臨床観察によって決定されるような、正常な腎臓機能を有する42匹のイヌ、最小限の糸球体腎炎を有する14匹のイヌ、軽度の糸球体腎炎を有する24匹のイヌ、中程度の糸球体腎炎を有する8匹のイヌ、および顕著な糸球体腎炎を有する13匹のイヌから、組織および体液試料を調製した。
Claims (16)
- イヌが糸球体腎炎を有するかどうかについて決定するための方法であって:(a)イヌ由来の生物学的試料におけるバイオマーカーの発現レベルを測定し、ここで、該バイオマーカーは、分泌型frizzle関連タンパク質−2(SFRP2)である;そして(b)イヌを、糸球体腎炎を有すると同定する工程を含む、ここで、正常動物由来の試料における発現の対照値に対して、試料中の該バイオマーカーの発現の有意な相違が糸球体腎炎の存在を示すものであり、この有意な相違は、少なくとも2倍の増加、または、少なくとも50%の減少である方法。
- 請求項1の方法であって、試験試料が固形腎組織または体液である方法。
- 請求項1の方法であって、工程(b)の示差発現が1またはそれより多いハイブリダイゼーション・プローブのアレイを用いて決定される方法。
- 請求項1の方法であって、工程(b)の示差発現が少なくとも1つのRNA転写物またはその翻訳産物に特異的に結合する1またはそれより多い抗体のパネルを用いて決定される方法。
- 請求項1の方法であって、工程(b)の示差発現が少なくとも1つのRNA転写物またはその翻訳産物を検出するイムノアッセイによって決定される方法。
- 請求項5の方法であって、該イムノアッセイが、競合的結合アッセイ、非競合的結合アッセイ、ラジオイムノアッセイ、酵素連結免疫吸着アッセイ(ELISA)、サンドイッチ・アッセイ、沈降素反応、ゲル拡散免疫拡散アッセイ、凝集アッセイ、蛍光イムノアッセイ、化学発光イムノアッセイ、イムノPCRイムノアッセイ、プロテインAまたはプロテインGイムノアッセイ、ノーザンブロット分析、ウェスタンブロット分析、Luminex(TM)xMAP(TM)検出およびイムノ電気泳動アッセイからなる群より選択される方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項記載の方法であって、イヌが正常腎臓機能を有し、正常腎臓機能が:糸球体ろ過速度、尿タンパク質レベル、血液クレアチニン・レベル、尿クレアチニン・レベル、クレアチニン・クリアランスおよび血液尿素窒素の1またはそれより多くによって決定される方法。
- 請求項1の方法であって、さらに:アルブミン、血清シスタチンC、血液クレアチニン、尿クレアチニン、クレアチニン・クリアランス、尿タンパク質、血液尿素窒素および糸球体ろ過速度のレベルを決定する工程からなる群より選択される1またはそれより多い慣用的診断測定の使用を含む方法。
- 請求項8の方法であって、糸球体腎炎によって特徴付けられる腎障害の診断に、前記慣用的診断測定が使用される方法。
- 請求項1の方法であって、該バイオマーカーを検出可能な少なくとも1またはそれより多い剤;ならびに該バイオマーカーの発現を測定し、そしてこうしたイヌにおける腎疾患を診断するための、こうした少なくとも1またはそれより多い剤を用いるための使用説明書を含むキットを用いる工程を含む方法。
- 請求項10の方法であって、少なくとも1またはそれより多い剤が抗体である方法。
- 請求項10の方法であって、少なくとも1またはそれより多い剤が、検出可能標識に付着している方法。
- 請求項1の方法であって、イヌ・タンパク質を認識する抗体を用いることを含み、該イヌ・タンパク質が分泌型frizzle関連タンパク質−2(SFRP2)である方法。
- 請求項13の方法であって、該抗体がキット内に含有される方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法におけるイヌ遺伝子にハイブリダイズできる核酸プローブの使用であって、該イヌ遺伝子が分泌型frizzle関連タンパク質−2(SFRP2)である核酸プローブの使用。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか一項記載の方法において使用するためのキットの製造における、請求項15記載のプローブの使用。
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WO2011079280A2 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
EP2517020B1 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
JP2013515489A (ja) | 2013-05-09 |
US20120283129A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
JP6174777B2 (ja) | 2017-08-02 |
US9476868B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 |
WO2011079280A3 (en) | 2011-11-17 |
EP2517020A2 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
AU2010336392B2 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
BR112012015693A2 (pt) | 2018-05-29 |
ZA201407857B (en) | 2015-04-29 |
CN102713632A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
JP2017079763A (ja) | 2017-05-18 |
CA2785406A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
RU2546016C2 (ru) | 2015-04-10 |
RU2012131367A (ru) | 2014-01-27 |
ZA201204531B (en) | 2015-08-26 |
CN102713632B (zh) | 2015-10-07 |
BR112012015693A8 (pt) | 2018-06-26 |
AU2010336392A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
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