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JP6198330B2 - Ventilation structure of building - Google Patents

Ventilation structure of building Download PDF

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JP6198330B2
JP6198330B2 JP2014063463A JP2014063463A JP6198330B2 JP 6198330 B2 JP6198330 B2 JP 6198330B2 JP 2014063463 A JP2014063463 A JP 2014063463A JP 2014063463 A JP2014063463 A JP 2014063463A JP 6198330 B2 JP6198330 B2 JP 6198330B2
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ventilation
wall
top end
vertical surface
hardware
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JP2015183491A (en
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栩野 貴史
貴史 栩野
中野 一誠
一誠 中野
健一 福島
健一 福島
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Kurashiki Spinning Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、建築物の換気構造に関し、より詳しくは、ベランダの手すり壁、陸屋根外周部のパラペット等の腰壁の換気構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a ventilation structure of a building, and more particularly to a ventilation structure of a waist wall such as a handrail wall of a veranda and a parapet on the outer periphery of a flat roof.

住宅等の壁には、躯体の劣化防止等の要請から、換気構造を備えたものが求められている。ベランダ等の腰壁についても、従来より、外壁面に腰壁の内外を連通する通気金物を設けることなどにより換気が行われてきた。しかし、そのような方法では換気量が少なく、また見た目も悪いという問題があった。   Walls such as houses are required to have a ventilation structure in order to prevent deterioration of the housing. Conventionally, ventilation has also been performed on a waist wall such as a veranda by providing a ventilation metal fitting on the outer wall surface to communicate the inside and outside of the waist wall. However, such a method has a problem that the ventilation amount is small and the appearance is also bad.

これに対して、腰壁上端の笠木下に水平方向に長い換気部を設けることが行われている。例えば、特許文献1には、陸屋根周縁のパラペットの笠木下空間とパラペット内部を連通させることによって、パラペット内部および連通する小屋裏空間を換気する構造が記載されている。また、特許文献2には、ベランダの外壁等に使用されるパラペット部の外壁の上端に沿って通気孔を有する部材を配置することにより、パラペット部内を換気する構造が記載されている。   On the other hand, a ventilation unit that is long in the horizontal direction is provided below the top of the waist wall. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a structure that ventilates the inside of a parapet and the communicating cabin space by communicating the space under the parapet of the parapet around the land roof with the inside of the parapet. Patent Document 2 describes a structure in which the inside of the parapet portion is ventilated by arranging a member having a vent hole along the upper end of the outer wall of the parapet portion used for the outer wall of the veranda.

特開2005−139713号公報JP 2005-139713 A 特開2012−102486号公報JP 2012-102486 A

しかしながら、特許文献1および特許文献2に記載された構造では、通気孔を有する部材と組み合わせるために特別に設計された笠木を用いる必要があった。そのため、既存の豊富なデザインの笠木を使用することができないという問題があった。また、外壁からの笠木の張り出しが大きく、外観上も改善の余地があった。   However, in the structures described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, it is necessary to use a specially designed headboard for combining with a member having a vent hole. For this reason, there is a problem that it is not possible to use the existing abundant designs of the caps. In addition, the overhang of the headboard from the outer wall was large, and there was room for improvement in appearance.

本発明は、上記を考慮してなされたものであり、ベランダや陸屋根外周部の腰壁の笠木下換気構造について、腰壁の躯体構造や笠木の形状をほとんど変更することなく実現可能な新規な構造を提供することを目的とする。また、その新規な換気構造は施工が容易なものであることを合わせて目的とする。   The present invention has been made in consideration of the above, and is a novel structure that can be realized with almost no change in the structure of the body of the waist wall or the shape of the headboard, with respect to the ventilation structure under the head wall of the outer wall of the veranda or the flat roof. The purpose is to provide a structure. The new ventilation structure is also intended to be easy to construct.

本発明の建築物の換気構造は、第1および第2の外壁材と、前記第1および第2外壁材の間であって前記第1および第2外壁材の上端近くに配置された通し部材と、前記通し部材上に直接または間接に固定されて前記第1外壁材の上方から前記第2外壁材の上方までを連続して覆う天端材と、前記天端材の前記第1外壁材に近い側端部と前記第1外壁材上端の間に配置された換気金物とを備えている。そして、前記換気金物は、前記天端材の上面に固定された第1水平面と、前記第1水平面の側端から下方に折曲して、前記天端材の側端に当接または近接して前記天端材の下面より下方に延伸し、前記第1外壁材の外表面と実質的に段差なく構成され、通気孔を有する第1垂直面と、前記第1垂直面の下端から折曲して、前記通し部材側に延伸し、下方に位置する前記第1外壁材の上端と接続され、該接続部より前記通し部材寄りの部分に通気孔を有する第2水平面とを有する。これにより前記換気金物が、前記第1および第2外壁材と天端材によって囲まれた空間の内外を連通する通気路を形成している。   The ventilation structure for a building according to the present invention includes a first and second outer wall material, and a through member disposed between the first and second outer wall materials and near the upper ends of the first and second outer wall materials. A top end member that is directly or indirectly fixed on the through member and continuously covers from above the first outer wall member to above the second outer wall member, and the first outer wall member of the top end member. And a ventilation hardware disposed between the side end near the top and the upper end of the first outer wall material. The ventilation hardware is bent downward from the first horizontal plane fixed to the top surface of the top end member and the side end of the first horizontal plane, and is in contact with or close to the side end of the top end member. Extending downward from the lower surface of the top end member, and configured substantially without a step from the outer surface of the first outer wall member, and bent from the lower end of the first vertical surface. And it has the 2nd horizontal surface which extends to the said penetration member side, is connected with the upper end of the said 1st outer wall material located below, and has a vent hole in the part near the said penetration member from this connection part. As a result, the ventilation hardware forms a ventilation path that communicates the inside and outside of the space surrounded by the first and second outer wall members and the top end member.

この構成によって、従来からの腰壁の躯体構造や笠木の形状をほとんど変更することなく、施工容易に、天端材に沿って水平方向に延びた換気部を設けることができる。また、換気金物の第1垂直面が外壁と段差なく構成されているので、外観上も目立ちにくい。   With this configuration, it is possible to provide a ventilation portion extending in the horizontal direction along the top end material without changing the conventional structure of the waist wall and the shape of the headboard with almost no change. Further, since the first vertical surface of the ventilated hardware is configured without a step from the outer wall, it is difficult to stand out in terms of appearance.

好ましくは、前記天端材は比重が0.7〜1.5のセメント系材料の押出成形体である。   Preferably, the top end material is an extruded body of cementitious material having a specific gravity of 0.7 to 1.5.

ここでセメント系材料とは、水硬性の無機物を含む組成物を硬化させた材料である。セメント系押出成形体であれば、長手方向(押出方向)に断面形状がほぼ同一な成形体が容易に得られ、耐水性に優れる。また、比重0.7〜1.5、特に0.7〜1.3程度の押出成形体であれば、軽量性による施工性の向上の効果も生じる。なお、セメント系押出成形体は、ビス、ネジ、釘等の固着具により固定可能である。   Here, the cement-based material is a material obtained by curing a composition containing a hydraulic inorganic substance. If it is a cement-type extrusion molded object, the molded object whose cross-sectional shape is substantially the same in a longitudinal direction (extrusion direction) will be obtained easily, and it is excellent in water resistance. Moreover, if it is an extrusion molded object of specific gravity 0.7-1.5, especially about 0.7-1.3, the effect of the improvement of workability by lightness will also arise. Note that the cement-based extruded product can be fixed by a fixing tool such as a screw, a screw, or a nail.

好ましくは、前記天端材は、前記換気金物の前記第1垂直面と当接または近接する端面が、その上部のみで前記第1垂直面に当接または近接し、その下部は前記第1垂直面との間に通気のための空間を有する。これにより、施工時の換気金物をより容易に位置決め可能としながら、より多くの通気量を確保することができる。   Preferably, the top end material is in contact with or close to the first vertical surface only at the upper end thereof, and the lower end of the top end material is in contact with or close to the first vertical surface. There is a space for ventilation between the surfaces. As a result, it is possible to secure a larger amount of ventilation while making it possible to more easily position the ventilation hardware during construction.

好ましくは、前記換気金物は、前記第2水平面の第1垂直面とは逆の側端部から下方に延びる、前記通し部材に直接または間接に固定された第2垂直面をさらに有する。   Preferably, the ventilation hardware further includes a second vertical surface that is fixed directly or indirectly to the threading member and extends downward from a side end opposite to the first vertical surface of the second horizontal plane.

また、好ましくは、前記換気金物は、前記第2水平面の第1垂直面とは逆の側端部から上方に延びる、その上端が前記天端材の下面に当接または近接し、通気孔を有する第3垂直面をさらに有する。   Preferably, the ventilating hardware extends upward from a side end opposite to the first vertical surface of the second horizontal surface, and an upper end thereof abuts on or is close to a lower surface of the top end member, and has a vent hole. And a third vertical surface.

また、好ましくは、前記換気金物の第1垂直面に設けられた通気孔が、前記換気金物の長さ方向に並列する縦長のブリッジ穴である。   Preferably, the vent hole provided in the first vertical surface of the ventilation hardware is a vertically long bridge hole parallel to the length direction of the ventilation hardware.

好ましくは、前記換気構造は、前記第1外壁材の前記通し部材側に間隔を保持して設けられた第1内部壁材と、前記第2外壁材の前記通し部材側に間隔を保持して設けられた第2内部壁材とをさらに備え、前記天端材は、前記通し部材上に長手方向に間隔をあけて配置された通気胴縁を介して前記通し部材に固定されている。   Preferably, the ventilation structure holds the first inner wall member provided with a gap on the through member side of the first outer wall member, and holds the gap on the through member side of the second outer wall member. And a second inner wall member provided, and the top end member is fixed to the through member via a ventilator edge disposed on the through member at intervals in the longitudinal direction.

本発明によれば、従来からの躯体腰壁の構造や笠木の形状をほとんど変更することなく、施工の容易な、笠木下換気構造を実現することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a ventilation structure under a cap, which is easy to construct, with almost no change in the structure of the conventional body waist wall and the shape of the cap.

本発明の一実施形態の換気構造の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the ventilation structure of one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態の換気金物のA側面図、B正面図、C底面図、およびD裏面図である。It is the A side view, B front view, C bottom view, and D back view of the ventilation hardware of one embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の一実施形態の換気金物の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the ventilation metal fitting of one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態の換気構造の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the ventilation structure of one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態の換気構造の施工手順を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction procedure of the ventilation structure of one Embodiment of this invention.

本発明の換気構造の実施形態を図に基づいて説明する。   Embodiment of the ventilation structure of this invention is described based on figures.

図1において、腰壁10は、その長手方向に間隔を置いて設けられた間柱(図示せず)の上面に水平に架け渡された通し部材20と、通し部材および間柱の側面に固定された第1および第2内部壁材21、22を有し、これらにより躯体構造が形成されている。第1内部壁材21には縦通気胴縁30を介して第1外壁材23が固定されて、両者の間に通気のための間隔51が形成されている。同様に、第2内部壁材22には縦通気胴縁30を介して第2外壁材24が固定されて、両者の間に通気のための間隔52が形成されている。   In FIG. 1, a waist wall 10 is fixed to a through member 20 horizontally spanned on an upper surface of a stud (not shown) provided at an interval in the longitudinal direction, and fixed to the side of the pass member and the stud. It has the 1st and 2nd internal wall materials 21 and 22, and the frame structure is formed by these. A first outer wall member 23 is fixed to the first inner wall member 21 via a vertical ventilation barrel edge 30, and a gap 51 for ventilation is formed between the two. Similarly, a second outer wall member 24 is fixed to the second inner wall member 22 via a vertical ventilation barrel edge 30, and a gap 52 for ventilation is formed between them.

通し部材20の上面には、天端材25が、ビス等の固定具を用いて、水平通気胴縁31を介して間接に固定されている。これにより天端材の下に通気空間53が設けられている。天端材25は、第1および第2外壁材23、24の両外表面間の距離とほぼ同じ幅を有し、第1外壁材23の上方から第2外壁材24の上方までを連続して覆っている。天端材25の第1外壁材23に近い側端部と第1外壁材23の上端の間には、換気金物26が配置されている。   A top end member 25 is indirectly fixed to the upper surface of the threading member 20 via a horizontal vent barrel edge 31 using a fixing tool such as a screw. Thereby, the ventilation space 53 is provided under the top end member. The top end member 25 has substantially the same width as the distance between both outer surfaces of the first and second outer wall members 23 and 24, and continues from above the first outer wall member 23 to above the second outer wall member 24. Covered. A ventilation hardware 26 is disposed between the side end of the top end member 25 near the first outer wall member 23 and the upper end of the first outer wall member 23.

換気金物26には、後述するように、いくつかの面に通気孔が設けられており、腰壁10の外部と、間隔51、52を連通している。また、通常は、第1および/または第2内部壁材の面内にも適宜図示しない開口が設けられて、間隔51、52と、内部壁材内の空間50が連通している。   As will be described later, the ventilating hardware 26 is provided with vent holes on several surfaces, and communicates the intervals 51 and 52 with the outside of the waist wall 10. Further, normally, an opening (not shown) is also provided as appropriate in the plane of the first and / or second internal wall material, and the spaces 51 and 52 and the space 50 in the internal wall material communicate with each other.

天端材25と第2外壁材24は、後者の上端で、通常のバックアップ材32および不定形シーリング材33を用いて水密に接続されている。また同様に、換気金物26と第1外壁材23は、後者の上端で、通常のバックアップ材32および不定形シーリング材33を用いて水密に接続されている。   The top end member 25 and the second outer wall member 24 are watertightly connected to each other at the upper end of the latter using a normal backup member 32 and an irregular sealing member 33. Similarly, the ventilation hardware 26 and the first outer wall member 23 are watertightly connected to each other at the upper end of the latter using a normal backup member 32 and an irregular sealing member 33.

天端材25の上面には、図示しない笠木受け部材が固定され、その上に笠木28が固定されている。笠木28は、第2外壁材24の上部から、腰壁の上方、換気金物26の側方を経て、第1外壁材23の上部までを連続して覆っている。笠木28としては、換気金物26の外面(後述する第1垂直面)と第1外壁材23の外表面が実質的に段差なく構成されているため、換気構造を有しない従来の腰壁用の笠木を用いることができる。そのため、腰壁外壁面からの笠木の張り出しが小さく、そのこと自体美観を損ねないのに加えて、下方から見上げたときにも換気金物が外部から視認しずらい点でも外観上有利である。   A headboard receiving member (not shown) is fixed on the top surface of the top end member 25, and the headboard 28 is fixed thereon. The headboard 28 continuously covers from the upper part of the second outer wall member 24 to the upper part of the first outer wall member 23 through the side of the ventilation hardware 26 above the waist wall. As the headboard 28, the outer surface (first vertical surface described later) of the ventilating hardware 26 and the outer surface of the first outer wall member 23 are configured substantially without a step, so that it is used for a conventional waist wall that does not have a ventilation structure. Kasagi can be used. Therefore, the overhang of the headboard from the outer wall surface of the waist wall is small, and this is not detrimental to the appearance itself. In addition, when looking up from below, it is advantageous in terms of appearance that the ventilation hardware is difficult to visually recognize from the outside.

次に、天端材25および換気金物26の詳細を説明する。   Next, the detail of the top end material 25 and the ventilation metal fitting 26 is demonstrated.

天端材25は、断面が略矩形で、上面に長手方向に延びる溝を有し、換気金物26側の端面が段付き状に形成されている。   The top end member 25 has a substantially rectangular cross section, and has a groove extending in the longitudinal direction on the upper surface, and the end surface on the side of the ventilation hardware 26 is formed in a stepped shape.

天端材25は、セメント系押出成形体からなる。セメント系材料とは、水硬性の無機物を含むセメント系組成物を硬化させた材料である。水硬性の無機物としては、各種ポルトランドセメント、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメント、シリカセメントなどを用いることができる。また、セメント系材料は、軽量化のために軽量化骨材等を含んでいてもよいし、補強等のためにパルプ、水溶性セルロース、鉱物繊維等を含んでいてもよいし、着色のために顔料を含んでいてもよい。各種のセメント系材料のなかでも、耐火性に優れ、比重が軽いことから、珪酸カルシウムを主成分とする珪酸カルシウム系材料を用いることが好ましい。また、強度に優れることから、パルプで補強された珪酸カルシウム系材料を用いることがさらに好ましい。   The top end material 25 is made of a cement-based extruded product. The cement-based material is a material obtained by curing a cement-based composition containing a hydraulic inorganic substance. As the hydraulic inorganic substance, various Portland cements, blast furnace cements, fly ash cements, silica cements and the like can be used. In addition, the cementitious material may contain lightweight aggregates for weight reduction, may contain pulp, water-soluble cellulose, mineral fibers, etc. for reinforcement, etc. May contain a pigment. Among various cement-based materials, it is preferable to use a calcium silicate-based material containing calcium silicate as a main component because of excellent fire resistance and low specific gravity. Moreover, since it is excellent in intensity | strength, it is more preferable to use the calcium-silicate type material reinforced with pulp.

また、押出成形によって、長手方向(押出方向)に断面形状がほぼ同一な成形体を容易に製造することができる。また、比重0.7〜1.5、特に0.7〜1.3程度の押出成形体であれば、軽量性による施工性の向上の効果も生じる。また、セメント系材料は透水性がない点で有利であり、押出成形体では、周囲全体に吸水の原因となり得る切断面や切削面が現れない点でさらに有利である。なお、天端材の下にさらに防水シートを敷くことにより、天端材の連結部からの透水を防止することができる。   In addition, a molded body having substantially the same cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction (extrusion direction) can be easily manufactured by extrusion molding. Moreover, if it is an extrusion molded object of specific gravity 0.7-1.5, especially about 0.7-1.3, the effect of the improvement of workability by lightness will also arise. Further, the cementitious material is advantageous in that it does not have water permeability, and in the extruded body, it is further advantageous in that a cut surface or a cut surface that may cause water absorption does not appear in the entire periphery. In addition, the water permeability from the connection part of a top end material can be prevented by laying a waterproof sheet further under the top end material.

換気金物26は、1枚の金属板からプレス加工および折り曲げ加工によって成形されている。図2A〜Dはそれぞれ、換気金物26の左側面図、正面図、底面図、裏面図である。図3は図2BのX−X断面を示している。   The ventilated hardware 26 is formed from a single metal plate by pressing and bending. 2A to 2D are a left side view, a front view, a bottom view, and a back view of the ventilation hardware 26, respectively. FIG. 3 shows an XX cross section of FIG. 2B.

換気金物26は、図3および図2Aにおいて左上から時計回りに、係止部40、第1水平面41、第1垂直面42、第2水平面44、第2垂直面46および第3垂直面47を有する。   3 and 2A, the ventilating hardware 26 includes a locking portion 40, a first horizontal plane 41, a first vertical plane 42, a second horizontal plane 44, a second vertical plane 46, and a third vertical plane 47 clockwise from the upper left. Have.

換気金物26は、第1水平面41を天端材25の側部上面に接して、係止部40が天端材上面の溝に係合することにより固定されている。ただし、係止部は省略してもよく、その場合はビス等の固定具によって、第1水平面を天端材上面に固定することができる。また、係止部を備えていて、さらにビス等によって固定することが好ましい。   The ventilation metal fitting 26 is fixed by bringing the first horizontal plane 41 into contact with the upper surface of the side portion of the top end member 25 and engaging the locking portion 40 with the groove on the upper surface of the top end member. However, the locking portion may be omitted, and in that case, the first horizontal plane can be fixed to the top surface of the top end member by a fixing tool such as a screw. Moreover, it is preferable to provide the latching | locking part and to fix with screws etc.

換気金物26の第1垂直面42は、第1水平面41の係止部40とは逆の側端から天端材25の側端に沿って下方に折曲し、天端材の側端に当接または近接して前記天端材の下面より下方に延伸して形成されている。第1垂直面42には、換気金物26の外部と内部を連通する通気孔として、換気金物の長手方向に並列する縦長のブリッジ穴43が設けられている(図2B)。このブリッジ穴は、長手方向に並列する縦長のスリットを入れ、スリットで隔てられた細片を一つ置きに換気金物の内部側に押し込むことによって形成されている。通気孔の形状はこれに限定されるものではないが、ブリッジ穴とすることにより、通気量を確保しながら、雨水の侵入を抑えることができるので好ましい。   The first vertical surface 42 of the ventilated hardware 26 is bent downward along the side end of the top end member 25 from the side end opposite to the locking portion 40 of the first horizontal plane 41, and on the side end of the top end member. It is formed to extend downward from the lower surface of the top end member in contact with or close to it. The first vertical surface 42 is provided with a vertically long bridge hole 43 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the ventilation hardware as a ventilation hole communicating with the inside and outside of the ventilation hardware 26 (FIG. 2B). The bridge hole is formed by inserting vertically long slits arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction and pushing every other piece separated by the slit into the inside of the ventilation hardware. The shape of the ventilation hole is not limited to this, but it is preferable to use a bridge hole because it can suppress the intrusion of rainwater while ensuring the ventilation rate.

施工時には、この第1垂直面42を天端材25の側面に押し当てて、必要に応じて調整を行うことによって、換気金物の位置決めが可能となる。天端材の寸法は、第1垂直面42が第1外壁材23の外表面と実質的に段差なく構成されるように設計されている。また、天端材の側端面は、段付き状に形成され、その上部のみで第1垂直面に当接または近接するので、通気孔を塞ぐ面積が少なくなり、より多くの通気量が確保できる。さらに、通気孔43が換気金物の内側に張り出したブリッジ穴であれば、それに当接または近接する天端材25側端面の上部でも通気路を確保することができる。   At the time of construction, the ventilation hardware can be positioned by pressing the first vertical surface 42 against the side surface of the top end member 25 and adjusting as necessary. The dimensions of the top end material are designed such that the first vertical surface 42 is configured substantially without any step from the outer surface of the first outer wall member 23. Further, the side end surface of the top end material is formed in a stepped shape, and since it is in contact with or close to the first vertical surface only at the upper part, the area for closing the vent hole is reduced, and a larger amount of ventilation can be secured. . Furthermore, if the vent hole 43 is a bridge hole projecting inside the ventilated hardware, a vent path can be secured even at the upper portion of the end face on the top end member 25 side that is in contact with or close to the vent hole 43.

換気金物26の第2水平面44は、第1垂直面42の下端から折曲し、通し部材20側に延伸して形成されている。第2水平面44の下面は、第1外壁材23の上端と通常のバックアップ材32および不定形シーリング材33を用いて水密に接続されている。第2水平面44の第1垂直面と反対側の部分には、通気孔として、換気金物の長手方向に並列する縦長の開口45が設けられている(図2C)。   The second horizontal surface 44 of the ventilation hardware 26 is formed by bending from the lower end of the first vertical surface 42 and extending toward the threading member 20 side. The lower surface of the second horizontal plane 44 is watertightly connected to the upper end of the first outer wall member 23 using a normal backup member 32 and an irregular sealing member 33. In the portion of the second horizontal surface 44 opposite to the first vertical surface, a vertically long opening 45 is provided as a vent hole in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the ventilation hardware (FIG. 2C).

換気金物26の第2垂直面46は、第2水平面44の第1垂直面42とは逆の端から下方に延びている。第2垂直面46は、第1内部壁材21を介して通し部材20にビス等で固定されている。これにより、換気金物をより確実に固定することができる。   The second vertical surface 46 of the ventilation hardware 26 extends downward from the end opposite to the first vertical surface 42 of the second horizontal surface 44. The second vertical surface 46 is fixed to the through member 20 with a screw or the like through the first inner wall material 21. Thereby, a ventilation metal fitting can be fixed more reliably.

換気金物26の第3垂直面47は、第2水平面44の第1垂直面42とは逆の端から上方に延びている。第3垂直面47は、その上端が天端材25の下面に当接または近接している。これにより、施工時に換気金物を天端材の側方からはめ込むことにより、より容易に位置決めすることができる。換気金物がこのような第3垂直面と係止部40を有する場合には、換気金物を天端材の側方からはめ込むだけで、固定することができる。また、第3垂直面には、通気孔として、上部に矩形の開口48が設けられている(図2D)。これは、換気金物内部と天端材下の空間53の連通を確保するためである。   The third vertical surface 47 of the ventilation hardware 26 extends upward from the end opposite to the first vertical surface 42 of the second horizontal surface 44. The upper end of the third vertical surface 47 is in contact with or close to the lower surface of the top end member 25. Thereby, it can position more easily by fitting a ventilation metal fitting from the side of a top end material at the time of construction. When the ventilation hardware has such a third vertical surface and the locking portion 40, it can be fixed simply by fitting the ventilation hardware from the side of the top end material. Moreover, the rectangular opening 48 is provided in the upper part as a ventilation hole in the 3rd vertical surface (FIG. 2D). This is to ensure communication between the inside of the ventilated hardware and the space 53 under the top end member.

本実施形態の第2垂直面と第3垂直面は、1枚の金属板から、開口48となる開口を打ち抜き、第2水平面の端部で上方に折曲し、第3垂直面の上端で180度折り返すことにより、連続した領域として形成されている。   In the present embodiment, the second vertical surface and the third vertical surface are punched out from one metal plate to form the opening 48, bent upward at the end of the second horizontal plane, and at the upper end of the third vertical surface. By folding back 180 degrees, it is formed as a continuous region.

なお、図2Aの49は、換気部材を連続して設ける場合に、隣接する換気金物の配置を容易にするために設けられた端部当接片である。   In addition, 49 of FIG. 2A is an edge part contact piece provided in order to make arrangement | positioning of adjacent ventilation hardware easy, when providing a ventilation member continuously.

次に、本実施形態の換気構造の施工手順を図4および図5に基づいて説明する。施工手順は次のとおりである。   Next, the construction procedure of the ventilation structure of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The construction procedure is as follows.

図4Aは、通し部材20、2枚の内部壁材21、22によって腰壁の躯体が形成され、通気胴縁30を介して2枚の外壁材23、24が固定された状態を示している。
図4Bにおいて、通し部材20の上面に、長手方向に間隔をあけて置いた水平通気胴縁31を介して、天端材25をビス34等で固定する。
図4Cにおいて、天端材25と第2外壁材24の上端を不定形シーリング材33を用いてシールする。
図4Dにおいて、換気金物26を天端材25に側方から嵌める。このとき、換気金物をその第1垂直面が天端材の端面に当たるまで押込み、必要に応じて少し引いて戻す等して調整し、換気金物の第2垂直面46を、ビス35等を用いて、第1内部壁材を介して通し部材20に固定する。
FIG. 4A shows a state in which a waist wall casing is formed by the through member 20 and the two inner wall members 21 and 22, and the two outer wall members 23 and 24 are fixed via the ventilator rim 30. .
In FIG. 4B, the top end member 25 is fixed to the upper surface of the threading member 20 with screws 34 or the like via the horizontal ventilation trunk edge 31 spaced in the longitudinal direction.
In FIG. 4C, the top ends of the top end member 25 and the second outer wall member 24 are sealed using an indeterminate sealing member 33.
In FIG. 4D, the ventilation metal fitting 26 is fitted to the top end member 25 from the side. At this time, the ventilation hardware is adjusted by pushing it in until the first vertical surface hits the end face of the top end material, and pulling it back a little if necessary, and the second vertical surface 46 of the ventilation hardware is adjusted using a screw 35 or the like. Then, it is fixed to the threading member 20 through the first inner wall material.

図5Eにおいて、換気金物26の第2水平面44と第1外壁材23の上端を、不定形シーリング材33を用いてシールする。
図5Fにおいて、笠木受け部材27を、ビス34等を用いて、天端材25の上面に固定する。
図6Gにおいて、笠木28を笠木受け部材27に係止する。
In FIG. 5E, the second horizontal surface 44 of the ventilation hardware 26 and the upper end of the first outer wall member 23 are sealed with an irregular sealing material 33.
In FIG. 5F, the headboard receiving member 27 is fixed to the upper surface of the top end member 25 using a screw 34 or the like.
In FIG. 6G, the headboard 28 is locked to the headboard receiving member 27.

このように、本実施形態の腰壁の躯体構造は、従来の換気構造を有しないものとほとんど変わらず、第1外壁材23の高さが換気金物26の分だけ少し低くなっているのみである。また、笠木には、既存の換気構造を有しない腰壁用に設計されたものを用いることができる。さらに、上述のとおり、施工も極めて簡単である。   As described above, the structure of the waist wall of the present embodiment is almost the same as that without the conventional ventilation structure, and the height of the first outer wall member 23 is only slightly lower by the amount of the ventilation hardware 26. is there. Moreover, what was designed for the waist wall which does not have the existing ventilation structure can be used for a coping. Furthermore, as described above, the construction is extremely simple.

本発明は上記の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その技術的思想の範囲内で種々の変形が可能である。   The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.

例えば、換気部は腰壁の建屋側に設けても、建屋の反対側に設けてもよく、あるいは両側に設けてもよい。また、内部壁材を設けず、外壁材を通し部材や間柱の側面に直接固定してもよい。また、片側の内部壁材と外壁材が貼り合わされて、間に通気空間を有しないものであってもよい。また、係止部40、第2垂直面、第3垂直面は省略されていてもよい。   For example, the ventilation part may be provided on the building side of the waist wall, on the opposite side of the building, or on both sides. Further, the inner wall material may not be provided, and the outer wall material may be directly fixed to the side surface of the member or the stud. Alternatively, the inner wall member and the outer wall member on one side may be bonded to each other so as not to have a ventilation space therebetween. Further, the locking portion 40, the second vertical surface, and the third vertical surface may be omitted.

10 換気構造
20 通し部材
21 第1内部壁材
22 第2内部壁材
23 第1外壁材
24 第2外壁材
25 天端材
26 換気金物
27 笠木受け部材
28 笠木
30 縦通気胴縁
31 水平通気胴縁
32 バックアップ材
33 不定形シーリング材
40 係止部
41 第1水平面
42 第1垂直面
43 ブリッジ穴(通気孔)
44 第2水平面
45 開口(通気孔)
46 第2垂直面
47 第3垂直面
48 開口(通気孔)
49 端部当接片
50〜53 通気空間
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Ventilation structure 20 Threading member 21 1st internal wall material 22 2nd internal wall material 23 1st outer wall material 24 2nd outer wall material 25 Top end material 26 Ventilation metal fittings 27 Kasagi receiving member 28 Kasagi 30 Vertical ventilation trunk edge 31 Horizontal ventilation trunk Edge 32 Backup material 33 Amorphous sealing material 40 Locking portion 41 First horizontal surface 42 First vertical surface 43 Bridge hole (vent hole)
44 Second horizontal plane 45 Opening (vent hole)
46 Second vertical surface 47 Third vertical surface 48 Opening (vent hole)
49 End contact piece 50-53 Ventilation space

Claims (7)

第1および第2の外壁材と、
前記第1および第2外壁材の間であって、前記第1および第2外壁材の上端近くに配置された通し部材と、
前記通し部材上に直接または間接に固定され、前記第1外壁材の上方から前記第2外壁材の上方までを連続して覆う天端材と、
前記天端材の前記第1外壁材に近い側端部と前記第1外壁材上端の間に配置された換気金物とを備え、
前記換気金物は、
前記天端材の上面に固定された第1水平面と、
前記第1水平面の側端から下方に折曲して、前記天端材の側端に当接または近接して前記天端材の下面より下方に延伸し、前記第1外壁材の外表面と実質的に段差なく構成され、通気孔を有する第1垂直面と、
前記第1垂直面の下端から折曲して、前記通し部材側に延伸し、下方に位置する前記第1外壁材の上端と接続され、該接続部より前記通し部材寄りの部分に通気孔を有する第2水平面とを有し、
これにより前記換気金物が、前記第1および第2外壁材と天端材によって囲まれた空間の内外を連通する通気路を形成している、
建築物の換気構造。
First and second outer wall materials;
A threading member disposed between the first and second outer wall members and near the upper ends of the first and second outer wall members;
A top end material fixed directly or indirectly on the threading member and continuously covering from above the first outer wall material to above the second outer wall material;
A ventilation hardware disposed between a side end portion of the top end material close to the first outer wall material and an upper end of the first outer wall material;
The ventilation hardware is
A first horizontal surface fixed to the upper surface of the top end material;
Bending downward from the side edge of the first horizontal plane, extending downward from the lower surface of the top end member in contact with or close to the side end of the top end member, and the outer surface of the first outer wall member; A first vertical surface configured substantially without steps and having a vent;
Bending from the lower end of the first vertical surface, extending to the through member side, connected to the upper end of the first outer wall member located below, and providing a vent hole closer to the through member than the connecting portion A second horizontal plane having
Thereby, the ventilation hardware forms an air passage that communicates the inside and outside of the space surrounded by the first and second outer wall materials and the top end material,
The ventilation structure of the building.
前記天端材は比重が0.7〜1.5のセメント系材料の押出成形体である、
請求項1に記載の建築物の換気構造。
The top end material is an extruded product of cementitious material having a specific gravity of 0.7 to 1.5,
The building ventilation structure according to claim 1.
前記天端材は、前記換気金物の前記第1垂直面と当接または近接する端面が、その上部のみで前記第1垂直面に当接または近接し、その下部は前記第1垂直面との間に通気可能な空間を有する、
請求項1または2に記載の建築物の換気構造。
The top end material is in contact with or close to the first vertical surface only at its upper end, and the lower end of the top end material is in contact with or close to the first vertical surface. With a space for ventilation between them,
The building ventilation structure according to claim 1 or 2.
前記換気金物は、前記第2水平面の第1垂直面とは逆の側端部から下方に延びる、前記通し部材に直接または間接に固定された第2垂直面をさらに有する、
請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の建築物の換気構造。
The ventilation hardware further includes a second vertical surface that is fixed directly or indirectly to the threading member and extends downward from a side end opposite to the first vertical surface of the second horizontal plane.
The ventilation structure of the building as described in any one of Claims 1-3.
前記換気金物は、前記第2水平面の第1垂直面とは逆の側端部から上方に延びる、その上端が前記天端材の下面に当接または近接し、通気孔を有する第3垂直面をさらに有する、
請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の建築物の換気構造。
The ventilation hardware extends upward from a side end opposite to the first vertical surface of the second horizontal plane, and an upper end of the metal fitting is in contact with or close to the lower surface of the top end member and has a vent hole. Further having
The ventilation structure of the building as described in any one of Claims 1-4.
前記換気金物の第1垂直面に設けられた通気孔が、前記換気金物の長手方向に並列する縦長のブリッジ穴である、
請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の建築物の換気構造。
The vent hole provided in the first vertical surface of the ventilation hardware is a vertically long bridge hole parallel to the longitudinal direction of the ventilation hardware.
The ventilation structure of the building as described in any one of Claims 1-5.
前記換気構造は、
前記第1外壁材の前記通し部材側に間隔を保持して設けられた第1内部壁材と、
前記第2外壁材の前記通し部材側に間隔を保持して設けられた第2内部壁材とをさらに備え、
前記天端材は、前記通し部材上に長さ方向に間隔をあけて配置された通気胴縁を介して前記通し部材に固定されている、
請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の建築物の換気構造。
The ventilation structure is
A first inner wall member provided at an interval on the threading member side of the first outer wall member;
A second inner wall member provided at a distance on the through member side of the second outer wall member;
The top end material is fixed to the threading member via a ventilator edge disposed on the threading member at intervals in the length direction.
The ventilation structure of the building as described in any one of Claims 1-6.
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