JP6191702B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6191702B2 JP6191702B2 JP2015553323A JP2015553323A JP6191702B2 JP 6191702 B2 JP6191702 B2 JP 6191702B2 JP 2015553323 A JP2015553323 A JP 2015553323A JP 2015553323 A JP2015553323 A JP 2015553323A JP 6191702 B2 JP6191702 B2 JP 6191702B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- exhaust
- nox
- purification catalyst
- gas recirculation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Images
Classifications
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
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- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0215—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only
- F02D13/0219—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only by shifting the phase, i.e. the opening periods of the valves are constant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
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- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0261—Controlling the valve overlap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
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- F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
- F02D41/0055—Special engine operating conditions, e.g. for regeneration of exhaust gas treatment apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/006—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] using internal EGR
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
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- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
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- F02D41/405—Multiple injections with post injections
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- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
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- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
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- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
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- F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/0416—Methods of control or diagnosing using the state of a sensor, e.g. of an exhaust gas sensor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
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- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
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- F02D41/1462—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine with determination means using an estimation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
図1を参照すると、1は機関本体、2は各気筒の燃焼室、3は各燃焼室2内に夫々燃料を噴射するための電子制御式燃料噴射弁、4は吸気マニホルド、5は排気マニホルドを夫々示す。吸気マニホルド4は吸気ダクト6を介して排気ターボチャージャ7のコンプレッサ7aの出口に連結され、コンプレッサ7aの入口は吸入空気量検出器8を介してエアクリーナ9に連結される。吸気ダクト6内にはアクチュエータにより駆動されるスロットル弁10が配置され、吸気ダクト6周りには吸気ダクト6内を流れる吸入空気を冷却するための冷却装置11が配置される。図1に示される実施例では機関冷却水が冷却装置11内に導かれ、機関冷却水によって吸入空気が冷却される。
図17を参照すると、時間ta1においてリッチ制御を開始すべき信号が発せられると、吸入空気量Gaがベース吸入空気量GaBからリッチ制御のために減少された吸入空気量GaRまで少なくされる。また、EGR率REGRがベースEGR率REGRBからリッチ制御のために低下されたEGR率REGRRまで低くされる。その上で、図14に示されるように、追加の燃料WRが噴射される。その結果、燃焼室2から排出される排気ガスの空燃比(A/F)inがリーン空燃比であるベース空燃比からリッチ空燃比に切り換えられる。したがって、本発明による実施例のリッチ制御では、EGR率REGRをベースEGR率REGRBよりも低くした状態のもとで膨張行程又は排気行程に筒内に追加の燃料を噴射することにより機関燃焼室2から排出される排気ガスの空燃比(A/F)inが一時的に理論空燃比よりもリッチに保持されるということになる。
図18を参照するとまず初めにステップ100において、第1のNOx浄化方法によるNOx浄化作用と第2のNOx浄化方法によるNOx浄化作用のいずれを行うかが決定される。次いでステップ101では第1のNOx浄化方法によるNOx浄化作用を行うべきか否かが判別される。第1のNOx浄化方法によるNOx浄化作用を行うべきときにはステップ102に進んで第1のNOx浄化方法によるNOx浄化作用が行われる。即ち、炭化水素供給弁15からは図11に示される噴射量Wの炭化水素が機関の運転状態に応じて予め定められている噴射周期ΔTでもって噴射される。
図19を参照するとまず初めにステップ120では吸蔵NOx量ΣNOXが算出される。すなわち、図13に示すマップから単位時間当りの排出NOx量NOXAが算出され、排出NOx量NOXAを積算することによって吸蔵NOx量ΣNOXが算出される。次いでステップ121では吸蔵NOx量ΣNOXが許容値MAXを越えたか否かが判別される。ΣNOX≦MAXのときには次いでステップ122に進み、吸入空気量Gaがベース吸入空気量GaBになるようにスロットル開度が制御され、EGR率REGRがベースEGR率REGRBになるようにEGR制御弁17の開度が制御される。また、追加の燃料噴射が停止される。更に、オーバラップ期間OLがベースオーバラップ期間OLBになるように可変バルブタイミング機構43が制御される。
4 吸気マニホルド
5 排気マニホルド
13 排気浄化触媒
15 炭化水素供給弁
16 EGR通路
17 EGR制御弁
43 可変バルブタイミング機構
Claims (2)
- スロットル弁下流の機関吸気通路と機関排気通路とを排気ガス再循環通路により連結すると共に、排気ガス再循環通路内を流通する再循環排気ガス量を制御する排気ガス再循環制御弁を設け、排気ガス再循環率をベース排気ガス再循環率よりも低くした状態のもとで膨張行程又は排気行程に筒内に追加の燃料を噴射することにより機関燃焼室から排出される排気ガスの空燃比を一時的に理論空燃比よりもリッチに保持するリッチ制御を行う、内燃機関の排気浄化装置において、吸気弁の開弁期間と排気弁の開弁期間とが重なるオーバラップ期間を変更可能な可変バルブタイミング機構を備え、リッチ制御を終了するときには、排気ガス再循環率をベース排気ガス再循環率よりも低くしたまま追加の燃料の噴射を停止すると共にオーバラップ期間をベースオーバラップ期間よりも増大して保持し、次いで予め定められた遅延期間が経過したときに排気ガス再循環率及びオーバラップ期間をそれぞれベース排気ガス再循環率及びベースオーバラップ期間まで復帰させ、機関排気通路内に排気浄化触媒を配置すると共に排気浄化触媒上流の機関排気通路内に炭化水素供給弁を配置し、該排気浄化触媒の排気ガス流通表面上には貴金属触媒が担持されていると共に該貴金属触媒周りには塩基性の排気ガス流通表面部分が形成されており、該排気浄化触媒は、排気浄化触媒に流入する炭化水素の濃度を予め定められた範囲内の振幅および予め定められた範囲内の周期でもって振動させると排気ガス中に含まれるNOxを還元する性質を有すると共に、該炭化水素濃度の振動周期を該予め定められた範囲よりも長くすると排気ガス中に含まれるNOxの吸蔵量が増大する性質を有しており、炭化水素供給弁から該予め定められた範囲内の周期でもって炭化水素を噴射することにより排気ガス中に含まれるNOxを浄化する第1のNOx浄化方法と、排気浄化触媒に流入する排気ガスの空燃比を該予め定められた範囲よりも長い周期でもってリッチにすることにより排気浄化触媒から吸蔵NOxを放出させてNOxを浄化する第2のNOx浄化方法とが選択的に用いられ、排気浄化触媒の温度が限界温度よりも高いときに第1のNOx浄化方法が用いられ、排気浄化触媒の温度が限界温度よりも低いときに第2のNOx浄化方法が用いられる、内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
- 第2のNOx浄化方法において排気浄化触媒に流入する排気ガスの空燃比をリッチにするためにリッチ制御が行われる、請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
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