JP6027251B2 - アリールエチニル誘導体 - Google Patents
アリールエチニル誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6027251B2 JP6027251B2 JP2015533547A JP2015533547A JP6027251B2 JP 6027251 B2 JP6027251 B2 JP 6027251B2 JP 2015533547 A JP2015533547 A JP 2015533547A JP 2015533547 A JP2015533547 A JP 2015533547A JP 6027251 B2 JP6027251 B2 JP 6027251B2
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Description
[式中、R1は、フェニル、3−フルオロフェニル、4−フルオロフェニル又は2,5−ジ−フルオロフェニルである]で示される絶対配置の鏡像異性的に純粋な形態である、式Iで示されるエチニル誘導体又は薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩に関する。
先行技術の構造類似化合物はWO2011128279(=参考文献1、Hoffmann-La Roche)に開示されており、本願と構造が最も類似した化合物(実施例20、72、76、79、81及び103)を比較のために示す。
細胞内Ca2+動員アッセイ
ヒトmGlu5a受容体をコードするcDNAを安定にトランスフェクションしたモノクローナルHEK−293細胞株を生成した。mGlu5ポジティブアロステリックモジュレーター(PAM)を用いた試験については、低受容体発現レベル及び低構成的受容体活性を有する細胞株を選択することで、アゴニスト活性対PAM活性の差別化を可能にした。細胞は、標準プロトコール(Freshney, 2000)に従い、1mMグルタミン、10%(vol/vol)加熱不活性化子ウシ血清、ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン、50μg/mLハイグロマイシン及び15μg/mLブラストサイジンを補充した、高グルコースのダルベッコ変法イーグル培地で培養した(細胞培養試薬及び抗生物質は全てInvitrogen(Basel, Switzerland)から)。
グルタチオン複合体を検出するためのアッセイ条件は、C. M. Dieckhaus et al.によりChem. Res. Toxicol., 18, 630-638 (2005)に記載された手順に従う。反応性代謝物への共有結合付加体の質量が明確に検出された試料は、FLAG(陽性)と示す。付加体が検出されなかった化合物はFLAGなし(陰性)と表す。
本発明の化合物は全て参考化合物と比較して類似の有効性を有する。さらに、本発明の化合物は、参考化合物の著しく高い値(80%超)と比較して、全て60%をはるかに下回る効果を示し、これはmGluR5ポジティブアロステリックモジュレーターの忍容性の問題に関する基準である。60%超の効果値が高い化合物は、所望の治療効果が認められる投与量に近い投与量(低い治療濃度域)で経口投与した後、重篤なCNS関連副作用(発作)を示す。60%未満の効果の化合物は、治療量より30〜1000倍高くてもよい投与量で十分に忍容され、同時に所望の治療効果を維持することができる。したがって、一般的に言えば、本発明の化合物は、効果値が60%未満であるために薬物安全性の点から明らかに有利であり、先行技術の構造類似化合物と比較して重篤なCNS副作用の不都合がないことにつながる。驚くべきことに、本発明のいくつかの化合物もまた、参考化合物と比較して非常に優れた溶解性を示す。溶解性が優れているほど、薬物吸収が向上し、遊離画分値(free fraction value)が高く、それにより標的に対する薬物の有効性(availability)が高まることが当業者に周知である。これは、中枢神経系区画を標的とする薬物に特に有効である。
[式中、
R1は、フェニル、3−フルオロフェニル、4−フルオロフェニル又は2,5−ジ−フルオロフェニルである]
で示される絶対配置の鏡像異性的に純粋な形態における、式Iで示される化合物又は薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩である。
(4aS,7aR)−1−(5−フェニルエチニル−ピリジン−2−イル)−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン、
(4aS,7aR)−1−[5−(3−フルオロフェニルエチニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン、
(4aS,7aR)−1−(5−((4−フルオロフェニル)エチニル)−ピリジン−2−イル)ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2(1H)−オン、
(4aS,7aR)−1−[5−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニルエチニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン。
a)式3
で示される化合物(ここで、式3で示される化合物は、ラセミ混合物であるか鏡像異性的に純粋な形態である)を、式4
[式中、Yは、ハロゲン、好ましくはフッ素、臭素又はヨウ素である]で示される好適なアリールアセチレン・ハロ−ピリジン化合物と反応させ、
鏡像異性的に純粋な形態、もしくは当業者に公知の方法を用いて鏡像異性体が分離可能なラセミ混合物として式I
[式中、置換基は上記の通りである]で示される化合物を形成し、所望により、得られた化合物を薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩に変換するか、又は
b)鏡像異性的に純粋な形態もしくはラセミ混合物としての式II
[式中、Xは、ハロゲン、好ましくはヨウ素又は臭素である]で示される化合物を
式5
[式中、Qは、水素又はトリアルキルシリル基である]で示されるアセチレン化合物と反応させ、
鏡像異性的に純粋な形態、又は当業者に公知の方法を用いて分離可能なラセミ混合物として式I
[式中、置換基は請求項1に記載される]で示される化合物を形成し、所望により、得られた化合物を薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩に変換することを含む。
上記の細胞内Ca2+動員アッセイをEC50値の測定に使用した。
以下の組成の錠剤を従来の方法で製造する:
mg/錠
有効成分 100
粉末ラクトース 95
ホワイトコーンスターチ 35
ポリビニルピロリドン 8
カルボキシメチルスターチNa 10
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 2
錠剤の重量 250
0.94g(24.7mmol、2当量)のLiAlH4の十分撹拌した0℃のTHF懸濁液(30ml)に、(1S,2R)−メチル 2−(tert−ブトキシカルボニルアミノ)−シクロペンタンカルボキシラート(CAS:592503−55−4)(3.0g、12.3mmol)の溶液を0℃で滴下した(ガス発生、軽度の発熱)。0℃で15分後、反応混合物を室温まで昇温させ、2時間撹拌した。混合物を0℃まで冷却し、水を滴下した。沈殿した無機塩をCeliteを通して濾過し、酢酸エチルで洗浄した。濾液を蒸発させ、ヘプタン中0%〜50%の酢酸エチルのグラジエントで溶離するシリカゲルのカラムクロマトグラフィーにより残渣を精製し、1.99g(75%)の標記化合物を結晶性白色固体として得、次の工程で直接使用した。
((1R,2S)−2−ヒドロキシメチル−シクロペンチル)−カルバミン酸tert−ブチルエステル(1.6g、7.43mmol)のTHF溶液(40ml)に、カリウムtert−ブトキシド(3.34g、29.7mmol、4.0当量)を室温で加えた。60℃で1時間撹拌した後、反応物を室温まで昇温し、酢酸エチル/水での後処理、乾燥及び真空下での濃縮後、粗製混合物をシリカに吸着させ、プレパックシリカカラム(50g、ヘプタン中50%〜100%の酢酸エチルのグラジエント)でクロマトグラフィーを行い、950mg(91%)の標記化合物を白色固体として得、次の工程で直接使用した。
アルゴン下で100mlの二口丸底フラスコ内で、2−フルオロ−5−ヨードピリジン(5.0g、22.4mmol、1.0当量)をTHF(30ml)に溶解させた。室温で5分後、ビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)クロリド(944mg、1.35mmol、0.06当量)、トリエチルアミン(6.81g、9.32ml、67.3mmol、3.0当量)、フェニルアセチレン(2.75g、2.95ml、26.9mmol、1.2当量)、及びヨウ化銅(I)(128mg、0.67mmol、0.03当量)を加えた。褐色の懸濁液を水で室温まで冷却し(発熱性)、一晩撹拌した。その後、200mlのジエチルエーテルを加え、混合物を濾過し、エーテルで洗浄し、真空下で濃縮し、5.7gの褐色固体を得た。この褐色固体をシリカに吸着させ、100gのプレパックシリカカラムでヘプタン中0〜10%の酢酸エチルのグラジエントで溶離するクロマトグラフィーを2回に分けて行い、淡褐色の固体として、3.99g(91%)の標記化合物(MS: m/e = 198.1 (M+H+))を得た。
10mlの丸底フラスコ内で、(4aS,7aR)−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d]−[1,3]オキサジン−2−オン(80mg、0.57mmol、1.0当量)及び2−フルオロ−5−(フェニルエチニル)ピリジン(112mg、0.57mmol、1.0当量)を2mlのDMFに溶解させた。水素化ナトリウム(60%の懸濁液)(29.5mg、0.74mmol、1.3当量)を加え、褐色の懸濁液を室温で一晩撹拌した。反応混合物を水でクエンチし、酢酸エチルで2回抽出した。合わせた有機相を乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮した。粗製物は、ヘプタン中0〜50%の酢酸エチルの勾配で溶離するプレパックシリカカラムのフラッシュクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、無色の非晶質固体として、42.5mgの標記化合物(MS: m/e = 319.1 (M+H+))を得た。
標記化合物を、実施例1の工程3の一般的な方法に従い、フェニルアセチレンの代わりに3−フルオロフェニルアセチレンを使用して調整し、結晶性の白色固体として、標記化合物(MS: m/e = 216.2 (M+H+))を得た。
標記化合物を、実施例1の工程4の一般的な方法に従い、(4aS,7aR)−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d]−[1,3]オキサジン−2−オン(66mg、0.47mmol)(実施例1、工程2)及び2−フルオロ−5−((3−フルオロフェニル)エチニル)ピリジン(100mg、0.47mmol)を用いて調製し、淡黄色の非晶質固体として、48mg(31%)の標記化合物(MS: m/e = 337.3 (M+H+))を得た。
標記化合物を、実施例1の工程3の一般的な方法に従い、フェニルアセチレンの代わりに4−フルオロフェニルアセチレンを使用して調整し、淡褐色の固体として、標記化合物(MS: m/e = 216.2 (M+H+))を得た。
標記化合物を、実施例1の工程4の一般的な方法に従い、(4aS,7aR)−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン(66mg、0.47mmol)(実施例1、工程2)及び2−フルオロ−5−((3−フルオロフェニル)エチニル)ピリジン(100mg、0.47mmol)を用いて調製し、無色の油として、22mg(14%)の標記化合物(MS: m/e = 337.4 (M+H+))を得た。
標記化合物を、実施例1の工程1及び2と同じ手順に従い、ラセミ体(1SR,2RS)−メチル2−(tert-ブトキシカルボニルアミノ)−シクロペンタンカルボキシラート(CAS:164916−42−1)から出発して調製し、無色の油として、標記化合物(MS: m/e = 142.3 (M+H+))を得た。
標記化合物を、実施例1の工程3の一般的な方法に従い、フェニルアセチレンの代わりに2,5−ジフルオロフェニルアセチレン(2,5-Difluororophenylacetylene)を使用して調整し、標黄色の固体として、記化合物(MS: m/e = 234.4 (M+H+))を得た。
標記化合物を、実施例1の工程4の一般的な方法に従い、(rac)−(4aSR,7aRS)−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン(30mg、0.21mmol)(実施例4、工程2)及び5−(2,5−ジフルオロ−フェニルエチニル)−2−フルオロ−ピリジン(50mg、0.21mmol)を用いて調製し、黄色の油として、33mg(43%)の標記化合物(MS: m/e = 355.6 (M+H+))を得た。
(rac)−(+/−)−(rac)−(4aSR,7aRS)−1−[5−(2,5−ジフルオロ−フェニルエチニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン(実施例1)(33mg)のラセミ混合物を、キラルHPLC(Reprosil Chiral NR−5cm×50cm、20μM;40%エタノール/ヘプタン、35ml/分、18バール)により分離した。淡黄色の油として、(+)−(4aR,7aS)−1−[5−(2,5−ジフルオロ−フェニルエチニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン(15mg)(MS: m/e = 355.6 (M+H+))を得、淡黄色の油として、(−)−(4aR,7aS)−1−[5−(2,5−ジフルオロ−フェニルエチニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン(14.9mg)(MS: m/e = 355.6 (M+H+))を得る。
Claims (10)
- (4aS,7aR)−1−(5−フェニルエチニル−ピリジン−2−イル)−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン、
(4aS,7aR)−1−[5−(3−フルオロフェニルエチニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン、
(4aS,7aR)−1−(5−((4−フルオロフェニル)エチニル)−ピリジン−2−イル)ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2(1H)−オン、又は
(4aS,7aR)−1−[5−(2,5−ジフルオロフェニルエチニル)−ピリジン−2−イル]−ヘキサヒドロ−シクロペンタ[d][1,3]オキサジン−2−オン
である、請求項1に記載のエチニル誘導体又は薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩。 - 請求項1に記載のエチニル誘導体又は薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩の調製のための方法であって、以下のバリアント:
a)式3
で示される化合物(式3で示される化合物は、ラセミ混合物であるか鏡像異性的に純粋な形態である)を、式4
[式中、Yは、フッ素、臭素又はヨウ素から選択されるハロゲンである]で示される好適なアリールアセチレン・ハロ−ピリジン化合物と反応させ、
鏡像異性的に純粋な形態、もしくは当業者に公知の方法を用いて鏡像異性体が分離されうるラセミ混合物として式I
[式中、置換基は上記の通りである]で示される化合物を生成し、所望により、得られた化合物を薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩に変換するか、又は
b)鏡像異性的に純粋な形態又はラセミ混合物としての式II
[式中、Xは、ハロゲン、好ましくはヨウ素又は臭素である]で示される化合物を式5
[式中、Qは、水素又はトリアルキルシリル基である]で示されるアセチレン化合物と反応させ、
鏡像異性的に純粋な形態、もしくは当業者に公知の方法を用いて分離されうるラセミ混合物として式I
[式中、置換基は請求項1に記載される]で示される化合物を生成し、所望により、得られた化合物を薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩に変換することを含む、方法。 - 治療上有効な物質としての使用のための、請求項1〜2のいずれか一項に記載のエチニル誘導体又は薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩。
- 請求項1〜2のいずれか一項に記載のエチニル誘導体又はその薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩の少なくとも一種を含む、医薬組成物。
- 薬品としての使用のための、適応可能な場合、鏡像異性体もしくはジアステレオマーの混合物としての、又は鏡像異性的に純粋な形態での、請求項1〜2のいずれか一項に記載のエチニル誘導体又はその薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩。
- mGluR5受容体のアロステリックモジュレーターに関係する疾患を治療又は予防するための薬品の製造のための、請求項1〜2のいずれか一項に記載のエチニル誘導体又はその薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩の使用。
- 統合失調症、認知疾患、脆弱X症候群又は自閉症の治療又は予防のための、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
- 統合失調症、認知疾患、脆弱X症候群又は自閉症の治療又は予防のための、請求項1〜2のいずれか一項に記載のエチニル誘導体又はその薬学的に許容しうる酸付加塩。
- mGluR 5 受容体のアロステリックモジュレーターに関係する疾患を治療又は予防するための、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
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