JP6099298B2 - SiC半導体デバイス及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
SiC半導体デバイス及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6099298B2 JP6099298B2 JP2011120124A JP2011120124A JP6099298B2 JP 6099298 B2 JP6099298 B2 JP 6099298B2 JP 2011120124 A JP2011120124 A JP 2011120124A JP 2011120124 A JP2011120124 A JP 2011120124A JP 6099298 B2 JP6099298 B2 JP 6099298B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 92
- 229910021334 nickel silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 88
- RUFLMLWJRZAWLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silicide Chemical compound [Ni]=[Si]=[Ni] RUFLMLWJRZAWLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 39
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001505 atmospheric-pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000682 scanning probe acoustic microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910005881 NiSi 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-AKLPVKDBSA-N gold-200 Chemical compound [200Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-AKLPVKDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001420 photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005211 surface analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01L29/4975—Metal-insulator-semiconductor electrodes, e.g. gates of MOSFET the conductor material next to the insulator being a composite material, e.g. organic material, TiN, MoSi2 being a silicide layer, e.g. TiSi2
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Description
Ni + 2SiC → NiSi2 + 2C
本発明の実施例について、図1〜9を参照して以下説明する。図9は、本実施例で製造するフィールドリミッティングリング(FLR)構造を持つショットキーバリアダイオード(SBD)を説明する図である。エピタキシャル層(低濃度n型ドリフト層13)を形成したSiC基板(高濃度n型基板12)に、イオン注入によりチャンネルストッパー用のn型領域と、終端構造用のp型領域(p型不純物イオン注入領域14)とフローティングリミッティングリング(FLR)構造16用のp型領域を形成する。その後、チャンネルストッパー用のn型領域を形成するために注入されたリンと、終端構造用のp型領域とFLR構造用のp型領域を形成するために注入されたアルミニウムとを、活性化するために、アルゴン雰囲気中において1620℃で180秒間の活性化を行った。その後、常圧CVD装置を用いて基板表面側に厚さ500nmのSiO2膜を形成した。一方、基板裏面側に、スパッタ装置を用いて、基板側から、厚さ60nmのニッケル層、厚さ20nmのチタン層の順で積層して製膜した。製膜した基板は、赤外線ランプを備えた高速アニール装置(RTA)を用いて、アルゴン雰囲気中1050℃で2分間の加熱処理を行った。この加熱処理によりSiC基板のシリコン原子はニッケルと反応してニッケルシリサイドを生成し、オーミックコンタクトを得ることができた。また、SiC基板の炭素原子はチタンと反応してチタンカーバイドを生成してニッケルシリサイドの表面に析出する。この時、未反応の炭素原子はニッケルシリサイド層中に残存するが、ニッケルシリサイド層の最表面におけるチタンカーバイドに含まれる炭素原子数は、表面に析出した全炭素原子数の12%以上であった。ここで、炭素原子数は、XPS分析により算出した。283eV付近に観察されるC1sピークにおいて、ケミカルシフトによって現れる複数のC1sピーク強度の合計値とTiC由来のピーク強度比より算出した。
実施例1においては、裏面電極の形成時にNi層の上にTi層を形成して加熱することによりチタンカーバイドを含むニッケルシリサイドを得たのに対して、比較例1は、Ni層の上にTi層を形成せずに加熱した例である。比較例2におけるSiC半導体デバイスの製造工程について説明する。エピタキシャル層を形成したSiC基板に、イオン注入によりチャンネルストッパー用のn型領域と、終端構造用のp型領域とフローティングリミッティングリング(FLR)構造用のp型領域を形成後、チャンネルストッパー用のn型領域を形成するために注入されたリンと終端構造用のp型領域とFLR構造用のp型領域を形成するために注入されたアルミニウムを活性化するために、アルゴン雰囲気中において1620℃で180秒間の活性化を行った。常圧CVD装置を用いて基板表面側に厚さ500nmのSiO2膜を形成した後、裏面側にスパッタ装置を用いて厚さ60nmのニッケル層を製膜した。その後、製膜した基板を、実施例1と同じ方法、即ち、赤外線ランプを備えた高速アニール装置(RTA)を用いて、アルゴン雰囲気中1050℃で2分間の加熱処理を行った。この加熱処理によりSiC基板のシリコン原子はニッケルと反応してニッケルシリサイドが生成した。シリサイド層形成後、実施例1と同じ工程で、表面電極製膜後に基板を反転させてアルゴン逆スパッタを圧力0.5Pa、RFパワー300Wで3分間行って、ニッケルシリサイド層の表面に形成された炭素層を除去した。その後、ニッケルシリサイド層の上に実施例1と同様に金属層を、基板側から見てTi層、Ni層、Au層の順に積層して裏面電極を形成した。得られた基板をダイシングした結果、ニッケルシリサイド層と裏面電極におけるチタン層の界面で剥離した。
比較例2では、実施例1と同じ方法で表面電極用のアルミニウムまで製膜した後、逆スパッタを行わずに、裏面電極を形成した。得られた基板をダイシングした結果、裏面電極はニッケルシリサイド層と裏面電極におけるチタン層の界面で剥離した。
ニッケルシリサイド層の最表面におけるチタンカーバイドに含まれる炭素原子数の、最表面に析出した全炭素原子数に対する割合が異なる場合について調べた。チタンカーバイドを含むニッケルシリサイド層を生成させるためのチタン層の厚さを変えた以外は、実施例1と同様に、次のようにSiCショットキーバリアダイオードを製造した。エピタキシャル層を形成したSiC基板に、イオン注入によりチャンネルストッパー用のn型領域と、終端構造用のp型領域とフローティングリミッティングリング(FLR)構造用のp型領域を形成した後、チャンネルストッパー用のn型領域を形成するために注入されたリンと終端構造用のp型領域とFLR構造用のp型領域を形成するために注入されたアルミニウムを活性化するために、アルゴン雰囲気中において1620℃で180秒間の活性化を行った。常圧CVD装置を用いて基板表面側に厚さ500nmのSiO2膜を形成した後、裏面側にスパッタ装置を用いて厚さAnmのチタン層と厚さ60nmのニッケル層を製膜し、RTA装置を用いて、アルゴン雰囲気中1050℃で2分間の加熱処理を行って、チタンカーバイドおよびニッケルシリサイドを生成した。
実施例1で図示して説明したショットキーバリアダイオードの代わりに、図11に示したジャンクションバリアショットキー(JBS)構造を持つショットキーバリアダイオード(SBD)についても、実施例1と同様に、基板側から、厚さ60nmのニッケル層、厚さ20nmのチタン層の順で積層して製膜し、加熱処理によりチタンカーバイドを包含するニッケルシリサイド層を作成し、その後の製造工程中に析出した炭素原子を逆スパッタにより除去した。裏面電極を形成後ダイシングした結果、裏面電極の剥離は全く生じなかった。
2 ガードリング
3 絶縁層
4 チタンカーバイドを包含したニッケルシリサイド層
5 炭素層
6 ショットキー電極
7 表面電極
8 裏面電極
11 オーミック電極
12 高濃度n型基板
13 低濃度n型ドリフト層
14 p型不純物イオン注入領域
15 ショットキー電極
16 FLR構造
17 JBS構造
Claims (6)
- SiC半導体に電極構造を形成する半導体デバイスの製造方法であって、
前記SiC半導体に、
ニッケル及びチタンを含む層を形成した後、
加熱によりチタンカーバイドを有するニッケルシリサイド層を生成し、
ニッケルシリサイド層表面に生成した炭素層を逆スパッタにより取り除いた後に、
前記チタンカーバイドを有するニッケルシリサイド層上に、チタン層、ニッケル層、金層の順で積層することにより金属層を形成し、前記ニッケルシリサイド層表面に生成した炭素層は、
最表面の全炭素原子数が、表面に析出した炭素層の炭素原子数と、最表面におけるチタンカーバイドに含まれる炭素原子数と、最表面におけるニッケルシリサイド層中に残存する未反応の炭素原子数であって、前記チタンカーバイドを有するニッケルシリサイド層の最表面におけるチタンカーバイドに含まれる炭素原子数が、最表面の全炭素原子数に対して12%以上30%以下であることを特徴とする半導体デバイスの製造方法。 - 前記チタンカーバイドを有するニッケルシリサイド層の最表面は2〜3nmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記ニッケルシリサイド層表面に生成した炭素層は、前記ニッケルシリサイド層表面に炭素原子が原子層1層以上9層以下あるいは局所的に析出したものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記逆スパッタは、アルゴン逆スパッタであり、アルゴンガスの圧力が0.1Pa以上で1Pa以下であり、RFパワーが100W以上で600W以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記ニッケルの膜厚は20〜100nm、チタンの膜厚は10〜50nmとすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
- 前記ニッケルとチタンの膜厚の比を1対1から10対1とすることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体デバイスの製造方法。
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