JP6073798B2 - 照明アセンブリ及びその形成方法 - Google Patents
照明アセンブリ及びその形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6073798B2 JP6073798B2 JP2013542203A JP2013542203A JP6073798B2 JP 6073798 B2 JP6073798 B2 JP 6073798B2 JP 2013542203 A JP2013542203 A JP 2013542203A JP 2013542203 A JP2013542203 A JP 2013542203A JP 6073798 B2 JP6073798 B2 JP 6073798B2
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- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
- G02B6/0025—Diffusing sheet or layer; Prismatic sheet or layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
- G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
- G02B6/0073—Light emitting diode [LED]
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Description
共有及び同時係属中の米国特許出願第61/419,832号、表題「ILLUMINATION ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF FORMING SAME」は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本開示は、一般にバックライトと呼ばれる、ディスプレイ又はその他の図形を裏側から照明するのに好適な照明アセンブリに関する。本開示は、中実光ガイドを含むエッジライト型照明アセンブリに特に好適であるが、必ずしもこれに限定されるものではない。
x(t)=axt3+bxt2+cxt+x0、y(t)=ayt3+byt2+cyt+y0(t∈[0 1]の場合)
(式中、
cx=3(x1−x0)
bx=3(x2−x1)−cx
ax=x3−x0−cx−bx
cy=3(y1−y0)
by=3(y2−y1)−cy
ay=y3−y0−cy−byである)の2個の端点を結ぶ。
参照用照明アセンブリは、標準的なモデリング技法を用いてモデル化した。このアセンブリは、入光面を有する光ガイドと、光が光ガイドに入るように位置付けられた光源と、を含んだ(例えば、図1A〜Bの照明アセンブリ100)。光ガイドは、1.51の屈折率を有した。このモデル化例及び他のモデル化例では、結合効率は、入光面から最遠の光ガイドの縁部に達した、光源が発した光線の割合として定めた。光ガイドの平面で結合した光線の角拡散の特性を評価するために、モデル内の、入光面から1.5mm離れた距離に検出器を配置した。検出器は、光ガイドの幅(10mm)を占めた。この検出器は、入光面と平行な平面において、光ガイド全体の光度プロファイルを測定した。均一性は、LMin/LMax×100%として定義し、式中、Lは輝度である。図6は、y軸に沿った入光面と平行な平面(図1Bを参照)における光ガイドの位置(mm)に対する、輝度(cd/m2)のグラフである。
光ガイドの入光面に位置付けられた構造化面層を使用して、比較実施例1の参照用照明アセンブリを再度モデル化した。この構造化面層は、プリズム方向が光ガイドの平面に直交するように配向された線形プリズムを含む複数の構造体を含んだ。プリズムは、90度の頂角を有した。プリズムは、光ガイドの反対側を向いており、LED光源に対向するプリズム先端部を備えていた。また、プリズムの表面は、ARコーティングを含んでいた。図7は、y軸に沿った入光面と平行な平面における光ガイドの、位置(mm)に対する輝度(cd/m2)のグラフである。
標準的なモデリング技法を用いて、屈折率1.49の標準的なPMMA光ガイドを含む参照用照明アセンブリの光度均一性シミュレーションを実行した。LEDは、光ガイドの入光面から1mmに位置付けた。LED放射面の寸法は1mm×2mmであり、LED間隔は10mmに等しく、光ガイドの厚さは4mmであった。図8は、入光面と平行な平面において測定した入光面と平行な方向(例えば、図1Bのy軸)における光ガイドの、位置に対する輝度(cd/m2)のグラフである。
標準的なモデリング技法を用いて、LED光源と光ガイドの入光面との間に位置付けられた構造化面層を備える、比較実施例2の照明アセンブリのシミュレーションを実行した。構造化面層の屈折率は、光ガイドの屈折率(n=1.49)に一致していた。構造化面層の平面側は、光ガイドに光学的に結合された。光ガイド内部の入光面と平行な平面において測定された光度プロファイルを図9に示す。
微細複製ツールを用いて、図20A〜Bを参照して記載したように、線状プリズム構造体を有する構造化面層を作製した。層の作製に用いたツールは、図11に示すダイヤモンドを含む精密ダイヤモンド旋盤を用いてツールの銅表面に切削した、改質ダイヤモンド旋削の金属製円筒形ツールパターンであった。ダイヤモンドは、ラフカットダイヤモンドを取得し、ダイヤモンドの形状が図20Aに示す構造プロファイル(図11の点線で示す)に一致するように集束イオンビームミリングを用いて成形することによって作製した。得られた精密切削機構を備える銅円筒にニッケルめっきを施し、米国特許第5,183,597号(Lu)に記載のプロセスを用いて取り外し処理を行った。
次の実施例は、Breault Research Organization,Inc.(Tucson,AR)から市販されている光線追跡プログラムであるASAPを用いて実行した。これらの実施例では、光ガイドの屈折率を1.51に設定し、図20A〜Bの線状非球面プリズム形状を用い、構造化面層の構造体の屈折率を1.62に設定し、LED放射面は2mm×3.5mmであり、光ガイドの厚さは3mmであり、均一性を測定するために光ガイドの入光面から5mmの位置に検出器を配置した、という仮定を用いた。
図18は、TIR円錐角外で光ガイドに入る光の割合に対する光ガイドの屈折率の関係を示す。これらすべての場合について、線状非球面プリズム構造化面層は1.62の屈折率を有した。グラフに示すように、光ガイドの屈折率が増加すると、TIR円錐角は減少し、TIR円錐角外で光ガイドに入る光の割合は増加する。これは、図19にもグラフ表示されており、ガイド内の40〜50%の光がガイドの平面内でTIR円錐角外である。直交縁部上に側面反射体が存在すると、相当量の光がシステムに戻される。
3次ベジエ関数を用いて構造化面層の構造体の様々な形状をモデル化し、4つの異なる屈折率(n=1.49、n=1.545、n=1.62、及びn=1.65)に対して最適化した。3次ベジエ曲線の式は、次のように求める。つまり、2個の端点(x0,y0)及び(x3,y3)並びに2個の制御点(x1,y1)及び(x2,y2)を所与とすると、2個の端点を結ぶベジエ曲線は、次のように求める:
x(t)=axt3+bxt2+cxt+x0、y(t)=ayt3+byt2+cyt+y0(t∈[0 1]の場合)
(式中、
cx=3(x1−x0)
bx=3(x2−x1)−cx
ax=x3−x0−cx−bx
cy=3(y1−y0)
by=3(y2−y1)−cy
ay=y3−y0−cy−by)。
[1]
照明アセンブリであって、
出光面及び実質的に前記出光面に直交する光ガイドの少なくとも1つの縁部に沿った入光面を含む光ガイドであって、前記入光面がy軸に沿って延在する、光ガイドと、
実質的に前記y軸に平行である軸に沿って配置された複数の光源であって、前記光源が、光が前記入光面を通過して前記光ガイドに入るように機能し、前記光源が、y軸に沿って少なくとも15mmの中心間距離を有し、更に前記複数の光源の少なくとも1つの光源の主要発光面と前記入光面との間の距離が1mm以下である、複数の光源と、
前記複数の光源と前記光ガイドの入光面との間に位置付けられ、基材及び前記複数の光源に対向する前記基材の第1の表面上の複数の構造体とを含む、構造化面層と、
前記光ガイドからの光が前記出光面を通過するように機能する複数の抽出機構であって、1つ以上の前記抽出機構が前記複数の光源の10mm以内に位置付けられる、複数の抽出機構と、を含み、
前記複数の光源及び前記構造化面層が、前記光ガイドの平面において前記入光面の法線に対して少なくとも45度の角度で、光の少なくとも一部が前記入光面を通過して前記光ガイドに入るように機能する、照明アセンブリ。
[2]
前記構造化面層の複数の構造体の屈折率n 1 が前記光ガイドの屈折率n 2 とは異なる、項目1に記載のアセンブリ。
[3]
│n 1 −n 2 │が少なくとも0.01である、項目2に記載のアセンブリ。
[4]
n 1 がn 2 よりも大きい、項目2に記載のアセンブリ。
[5]
前記構造化面層の複数の構造体が屈折構造体を含む、項目1に記載のアセンブリ。
[6]
前記構造化面層の複数の構造体が回折構造体を含む、項目1に記載のアセンブリ。
[7]
項目1に記載の照明アセンブリを含むバックライト。
[8]
項目1に記載の照明アセンブリを含む表示パネル。
[9]
項目1に記載の照明アセンブリを含む照明装置。
[10]
表示パネル及び項目1に記載の照明アセンブリを含む表示システム。
[11]
前記光ガイドの厚さ方向zに沿って前記入光面に平行であり、前記入光面から前記光ガイド内部に約10mmである平面上の配光が、80%を超える均一性((L min /L max )×100%)を有する、項目1に記載のアセンブリ。
[12]
前記複数の光源の少なくとも1つの光源の主要発光面からの距離が、前記複数の光源の隣接する光源の主要発光面から少なくとも15mmである、項目1に記載のアセンブリ。
[13]
前記複数の光源の少なくとも1つの光源の主要発光面からの距離が、前記複数の光源の隣接する光源の主要発光面から少なくとも18mmである、項目1に記載のアセンブリ。
[14]
前記光源がy軸に沿って少なくとも20mmの中心間距離を有する、項目1に記載のアセンブリ。
[15]
前記アセンブリの周囲に配置されたベゼルを更に含み、前記複数の光源の少なくとも1つの光源の主要放射面が、前記入光面の法線に沿って前記光ガイドの出光面に最も近い前記ベゼルの縁部の15mm以内に位置付けられている、項目1に記載のアセンブリ。
[16]
照明アセンブリであって、
出光面及び実質的に前記出光面に直交する光ガイドの少なくとも1つの縁部に沿った入光面を含む光ガイドと、
光が前記入光面を通過して前記光ガイドに入るように位置付けられた複数の光源と、
前記複数の光源と前記光ガイドの入光面との間に位置付けられて、基材及び前記複数の光源に対向する前記基材の第1の表面上の複数の構造体を含む、構造化面層と、を含み、
前記複数の構造体の少なくとも1つが2個の端点(x 0 ,y 0 )及び(x 3 ,y 3 )並びに2個の制御点(x 1 ,y 1 )及び(x 2 ,y 2 )を有する3次ベジエ曲線によって画定される形状を有し、前記曲線が
x(t)=a x t 3 +b x t 2 +c x t+x 0 、y(t)=a y t 3 +b y t 2 +c y t+y 0 (t∈[0 1]の場合)
(式中、
c x =3(x 1 −x 0 )
b x =3(x 2 −x 1 )−c x
a x =x 3 −x 0 −c x −b x
c y =3(y 1 −y 0 )
b y =3(y 2 −y 1 )−c y
a y =y 3 −y 0 −c y −b y
である)の2個の端点を結ぶ、照明アセンブリ。
[17]
y 0 が0.75より大きく1.25未満の範囲であり、x 1 が0.1より大きく0.6未満の範囲であり、x 2 が0.1より大きく0.6未満の範囲であり、y 2 が0.5より大きく1.0未満の範囲である、項目16に記載のアセンブリ。
[18]
前記構造化面層の複数の構造体の少なくとも1つが、10度未満の面法線に対して50%未満、70度超の面法線に対して15%未満、15度超かつ65度未満の面法線に対して40%超の、面法線確率分布を有する、項目16に記載のアセンブリ。
Claims (2)
- 照明アセンブリであって、
出光面及び実質的に前記出光面に直交する光ガイドの少なくとも1つの縁部に沿った入光面を含む光ガイドであって、前記入光面がy軸に沿って延在する、光ガイドと、
実質的に前記y軸に平行である軸に沿って配置された複数の光源であって、前記光源が、光が前記入光面を通過して前記光ガイドに入るように機能し、前記光源が、y軸に沿って少なくとも20mmの中心間距離を有し、更に前記複数の光源の少なくとも1つの光源の主要発光面と前記入光面との間の距離が0.5mm以下である、複数の光源と、
前記複数の光源と前記光ガイドの入光面との間に位置付けられ、基材及び前記複数の光源に対向する前記基材の第1の表面上の複数の構造体とを含む、構造化面層と、
前記光ガイドからの光が前記出光面を通過するように機能する複数の抽出機構であって、1つ以上の前記抽出機構が前記複数の光源の5mm以内に位置付けられる、複数の抽出機構と、を含み、
前記複数の光源及び前記構造化面層が、前記光ガイドの平面において前記入光面の法線に対して少なくとも45度の角度で、光の少なくとも一部が前記入光面を通過して前記光ガイドに入るように機能し、
前記複数の構造体の少なくとも1つが2個の端点(x 0 ,y 0 )及び(x 3 ,y 3 )並びに2個の制御点(x 1 ,y 1 )及び(x 2 ,y 2 )を有する3次ベジエ曲線によって画定される形状を有し、前記曲線が
x(t)=a x t 3 +b x t 2 +c x t+x 0 、y(t)=a y t 3 +b y t 2 +c y t+y 0 (t∈[0 1]の場合)
(式中、
c x =3(x 1 −x 0 )
b x =3(x 2 −x 1 )−c x
a x =x 3 −x 0 −c x −b x
c y =3(y 1 −y 0 )
b y =3(y 2 −y 1 )−c y
a y =y 3 −y 0 −c y −b y
である)の2個の端点を結ぶ、照明アセンブリ。 - 照明アセンブリであって、
出光面及び実質的に前記出光面に直交する光ガイドの少なくとも1つの縁部に沿った入光面を含む光ガイドと、
光が前記入光面を通過して前記光ガイドに入るように位置付けられた複数の光源であって、前記光源が、y軸に沿って少なくとも20mmの中心間距離を有し、更に前記複数の光源の少なくとも1つの光源の主要発光面と前記入光面との間の距離が0.5mm以下である、複数の光源と、
前記複数の光源と前記光ガイドの入光面との間に位置付けられて、基材及び前記複数の光源に対向する前記基材の第1の表面上の複数の構造体を含む、構造化面層と、を含み、
前記複数の光源及び前記構造化面層が、前記光ガイドの平面において前記入光面の法線に対して少なくとも45度の角度で、光の少なくとも一部が前記入光面を通過して前記光ガイドに入るように機能し、
前記複数の構造体の少なくとも1つが2個の端点(x0,y0)及び(x3,y3)並びに2個の制御点(x1,y1)及び(x2,y2)を有する3次ベジエ曲線によって画定される形状を有し、前記曲線が
x(t)=axt3+bxt2+cxt+x0、y(t)=ayt3+byt2+cyt+y0(t∈[0 1]の場合)
(式中、
cx=3(x1−x0)
bx=3(x2−x1)−cx
ax=x3−x0−cx−bx
cy=3(y1−y0)
by=3(y2−y1)−cy
ay=y3−y0−cy−by
である)の2個の端点を結ぶ、照明アセンブリ。
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- 2011-12-02 KR KR1020137017117A patent/KR20130137656A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-12-02 CN CN201510200960.7A patent/CN104808270B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-02 WO PCT/US2011/063047 patent/WO2012075384A2/en active Application Filing
- 2011-12-02 TW TW100144479A patent/TW201232125A/zh unknown
- 2011-12-02 EP EP11799220.6A patent/EP2646861A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-12-02 CN CN2011800584426A patent/CN103238092A/zh active Pending
- 2011-12-02 US US13/991,554 patent/US20130258709A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP2646861A2 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
CN104808270A (zh) | 2015-07-29 |
KR20130137656A (ko) | 2013-12-17 |
JP2013545248A (ja) | 2013-12-19 |
CN104808270B (zh) | 2017-08-15 |
US20130258709A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
WO2012075384A2 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
CN103238092A (zh) | 2013-08-07 |
WO2012075384A3 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
TW201232125A (en) | 2012-08-01 |
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