JP6040677B2 - 太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6040677B2 JP6040677B2 JP2012213741A JP2012213741A JP6040677B2 JP 6040677 B2 JP6040677 B2 JP 6040677B2 JP 2012213741 A JP2012213741 A JP 2012213741A JP 2012213741 A JP2012213741 A JP 2012213741A JP 6040677 B2 JP6040677 B2 JP 6040677B2
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- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-pyrrole Natural products C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
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- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(C#N)=C(C#N)C1=O HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GHGZVWOTJDLREY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2O1 GHGZVWOTJDLREY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XXTGYWNIODZMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)C=1C(=C(C=C(C=1)C(C)(C)C)C=1NC2=C(N=1)C=CC=C2)O XXTGYWNIODZMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSAGPYZZHZLXDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,5-ditert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-3H-benzimidazole-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound CC(C)(C)c1cc(-c2nc3cc(ccc3[nH]2)C#N)c(O)c(c1)C(C)(C)C WSAGPYZZHZLXDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPJUVNYXHUCRMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(N)=C1 RPJUVNYXHUCRMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- CDOWNLMZVKJRSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C1 CDOWNLMZVKJRSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
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- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 2
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- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004947 alkyl aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- KDGNCLDCOVTOCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C KDGNCLDCOVTOCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DNOYIVGELAYJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(5-tert-butyl-1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)C=1C=CC2=C(N=C(O2)C2=C(C=C(C=C2)C=2OC3=C(N2)C=C(C=C3)C(C)(C)C)O)C1 DNOYIVGELAYJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODBCKCWTWALFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhex-3-yne Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C#CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C ODBCKCWTWALFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005810 2,5-xylyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C(*)C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YKTNISGZEGZHIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-$l^{1}-oxidanyloxy-2-methylpropane Chemical group CC(C)(C)O[O] YKTNISGZEGZHIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylidenebutanoyloxy)ethyl 2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical compound CCC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(=C)CC QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(C)=O JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- KRDXTHSSNCTAGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1C1CCCCC1 KRDXTHSSNCTAGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004198 2-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(F)=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002941 2-furyl group Chemical group O1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000587 piperidin-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical group CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004742 propyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001042 pteridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=NC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003072 pyrazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002755 pyrazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002112 pyrrolidino group Chemical group [*]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001422 pyrrolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004621 quinuclidinyl group Chemical group N12C(CC(CC1)CC2)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003696 stearoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006318 tert-butyl amino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005425 toluyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C=C GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004933 β-carbolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Description
ここで、例えば結晶系シリコンの発電素子は、特性上、太陽光の紫外線領域は分光感度が低く、太陽光を有効に活用できていない。そこで、封止材に波長変換材を配合することで紫外線を発電に寄与できる波長に変換することで太陽電池モジュールの高効率化を行う検討がされている。特許文献1および2では、封止材に波長変換材として有機金属錯体を配合して、変換効率が向上するとした太陽電池が開示されている。
また、本発明において、熱可塑性樹脂(B)は、成形性、機械的強度などを考慮すると、メルトフローレート(以下、単にMFRという)が0.1〜60g/10minであることが好ましく、0.5〜45g/10minがより好ましい。なおメルトフローレートは、JIS K7210に準拠して測定した数値である。
太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物はマスターバッチとして製造することも好ましい。マスターバッチとすることで一般式(1)で示すアゾール系化合物(A)を太陽電池封止材中に分散しやすくなる。かかる場合、一般式(1)で示すアゾール系化合物(A)は、熱可塑性樹脂(A)100重量部に対して、1〜20重量部用いることが好ましく、1〜10重量部がより好ましい。
ここで、混合は、一般的な高速せん断型混合機や回転混合機であるヘンシェルミキサー、スーパーミキサー、タンブラーミキサー等を用いるのが好ましい。
また、溶融混練は、二本ロール、三本ロール、加圧ニーダー、バンバリーミキサー、単軸混練押出し機、二軸混練押出し機等を用いるのが好ましい。
(A−1)2−(2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾイミダゾール
(A−2)2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾイミダゾール
(A−3)2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3,5−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾイミダゾール
(A−4)1−フェニル−2−(2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾイミダゾール
(A−5)5,6−ジフルオロ−2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3,5−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾイミダゾール
(A−6)5−シアノ−2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3,5−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾイミダゾール
(A−7)2−(2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾオキサゾール
(A−8)2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3,5−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾオキサゾール
(A−9)2,5−ビス−(5−t−ブチル−2−ベンゾオキサゾリル)フェノール
(A−10)2,6−ビス−(5−t−ブチル−2−ベンゾオキサゾリル)−4−メチル
フェノール
(A−11)2−[(5−t−ブチル−2−ベンゾオキサゾリル)−6−フェニル]フェノール
以下に上記アゾール系化合物の合成例を説明する。
亜硫酸水素ナトリウム28.87gと2−ヒドロキシベンズアルデヒド33.88gをエタノール1000ml中、室温で4時間反応させ、得られたスラリーにo−フェニレンジアミン30.00gをDMF550mlに溶解した溶液を添加して2時間、加熱還流をした。得られた混合物を水にあけ、析出物をろ過し、エタノールから再結晶して化合物(1)を35.00g得た(収率60%)。化合物(1)の構造は元素分析にて確認した(分子式:C13H10N2O;理論値 C:74.27%、H:4.79%、N:13.33%;実測値 C:74.20%、H:4.79%、N:13.32%)。
亜硫酸水素ナトリウム4.81gと3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−2−ヒドロキシベンズアルデヒド10.83gをエタノール200ml中、室温で17時間反応させ、得られたスラリーにo−フェニレンジアミン5.00gをDMF150mlに溶解した溶液を添加して5時間、加熱還流をした。得られた混合物を水にあけて酢酸エチルで抽出し、得られた有機層の溶媒を溜去した後、カラムクロマトグラフィーで精製することにより化合物(2)を11.21g得た(収率75%)。化合物(2)の構造は元素分析にて確認した(分子式:C21H26N2O;理論値 C:78.22%、H:8.13%、N:8.69%;実測値 C:78.26%、H:8.09、N:8.76%)。
合成例(A−1)あるいは合成例(A−3)と同様の合成方法にて、ベンゾイミダゾール系化合物(A−2)、(A−4)〜(A−6)も得ることができた。
ベンゾオキサゾール系の(A−7)、(A−8)はBeilstein,27(2),91に記載の公知の合成方法を参考にして合成した。
モレキュラーシーブス(4A)にて乾燥したN−メチルピロジノン100mlに、2−ヒドロキシテレフタル酸8.50gを溶解して0℃ まで冷却し、塩化チオニル13.86gを10分かけて滴下した。この溶液を室温まで昇温し、2−アミノ−4−t−ブチルフェノール1 6.19gを数回に分けて添加して10分間撹拌した後、130℃で4時間撹拌した。この溶液を室温まで放冷して氷水350gにあけ、水酸化カリウム水溶液で中和した。得られたスラリーから析出物をろ別、乾燥して個体を得た。この個体をカラムクロマトクラフィーで精製し、酢酸エチルから再結晶することにより、化合物2,5−ビス−(5−t−ブチル−2−ベンゾオキサゾリル)フェノールを7.70g得た(収率37%)。
2−ヒドロキシ−5−メチルイソフタルアルデヒド5.30gと2−アミノ4−t−ブチルフェノール10.67gをトルエン500ml に溶解して2時間加熱還流した。この溶液を室温まで放冷し、得られた個体をろ別してトルエンで洗浄し、中間体として2,6−ビス(( 5−t−ブチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニルイミノ)メチル)−4−メチルフェノールを13.00g得た。この中間体11.75gとDD Q(2,3−ジクロロ−5,6−ジシアノ−p−ベンゾキノン)12.21gを乾燥したジクロロメタン400mlに溶解し、窒素雰囲気 下で7時間加熱還流した。この溶液から溶媒を除去して得られた個体をカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、酢酸エチルから再結晶することにより、化合物2,6−ビス−(5−t−ブチル−2−ベンゾオキサゾリル)−4−メチルフェノールを5.39g得た(収率46%)。
モレキュラーシーブス(4A)にて乾燥したN−メチルピロジノン100mlに、3−フェニルサリチル酸8.50gを溶解して0℃まで 冷却し、塩化チオニル4.96gを10分かけて滴下した。この溶液を室温まで昇温し、2−アミノフェノール4.55gを数回に分けて 添加して10分間撹拌した後、130℃で6.5時間撹拌した。この溶液を室温まで放冷して氷水350gにあけ、水酸化カリウム水溶液 で中和した後、トルエンで抽出した。得られた有機層を乾燥して溶媒を除去し、カラムクロマトグラフィーで精製した後、ヘキサンから再 結晶することにより、化合物2−(5−t−ブチル−2−ベンゾオキサゾリル)−6−フェニルフェノールを3.90g得た(収率34%)。
(B−1)東ソー社製(ウルトラセン751、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、酢酸ビニル含有量:28%、MFR:5.7)
(B−2)三井・デュポンポリケミカル社製(エバフレックスV523、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、酢酸ビニル含有量:33%、MFR:14)
熱可塑性樹脂90重量部とアゾール系化合物10重量部をタンブラーミキサー(カワタ社製)に投入し温度25℃、時間3分の条件で撹拌した後、二軸押出し機(日本プラコン社製)により太陽電池封止材用マスターバッチを得た。また、熱可塑性樹脂に架橋剤、架橋助剤、シランカップリング剤を配合した架橋剤マスターバッチと、熱可塑性樹脂に光安定剤を配合した安定化剤マスターバッチを得た。
得られた太陽電池封止材用マスターバッチと、架橋剤マスターバッチと、安定化剤マスターバッチと、さらに表1の配合量となるように熱可塑性樹脂とを用いて、これらを共にT−ダイ押出機で100℃にて押出し成形し、太陽電池封止材12A、12B、16、18、21、22(それぞれ厚さ0.5mm)を作製した。なお、太陽電池封止材中の架橋剤、架橋助剤、シランカップリング剤、光安定剤の種類と添加量は、熱可塑性樹脂とアゾール系化合物の合計100重量部に対して下記の通りに用いている。
架橋剤:t−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキシルモノカーボネート0.6重量部
架橋助剤:トリアリルイソシアヌレート0.6重量部
シランカップリング剤:γ−メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン0.3重量部
光安定剤:ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル)セバケート0.1重量部
それぞれ表1に示す配合となるように、アゾール系化合物(A)の配合量を変えた他は実施例1と同様にして太陽電池封止材用マスターバッチを作製し、実施例1と同様にして太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物を調整して太陽電池封止材12A、12B、16を作成した。
熱可塑性樹脂90重量部と、表2に示す有機金属錯体10重量部をタンブラーミキサー(カワタ社製)に投入し温度25℃、時間3分の条件で撹拌した後、二軸押出し機(日本プラコン社製)により太陽電池封止材用マスターバッチを得た。また、実施例1同様に架橋剤マスターバッチと、安定化剤マスターバッチを得た。得られた太陽電池封止材用マスターバッチと、架橋剤マスターバッチと、安定化剤マスターバッチと、さらに表3の配合とした以外は実施例1と同様にして、太陽電池封止材12A、12B、16を作成した。
図2に示すように、実施例1〜24及び比較例1〜10で得られた太陽電池封止材16を透明基板(ガラス 厚さ3mm)15および17で挟んで積層した。その後、真空ラミネーターによる真空下で、150℃、5分間加熱、15分間加熱圧着して、封止材を架橋させ、試験用サンプル1を作製した。この試験用サンプル1の蛍光強度を日立ハイテク製分光蛍光光度計により測定した。
図2に示すように、実施例1〜24及び比較例1〜10で得られた太陽電池封止材16を透明基板(ガラス 厚さ3mm)15、17とで挟んで積層した。その後、真空ラミネーターによる真空下で、150℃、5分間加熱、15分間加熱圧着して、封止材を架橋させ、耐久試験用サンプル1を作製した。この耐久試験用サンプル1を加速試験により、光劣化による樹脂黄変を促進させた後、KURABO製コンピューターカラーマッチングシステムにより耐久試験前と試験後の黄色度の差を測定した。黄色度の差が小さい程、樹脂黄変が小さい。
図2に示すように、実施例1〜24及び比較例1〜10で得られた太陽電池封止材16を、透明基板(ガラス 厚さ3mm)15、17とで挟んで積層した。その後、真空ラミネーターによる真空下で、150℃、5分間加熱、15分間加熱圧着して、封止材を架橋させ、耐久試験用サンプル2を作製した。この耐久試験用サンプル2を加速試験により光劣化を促進させた後、蛍光強度を蛍光光度計により測定し、初期の蛍光強度からの保持率を得た。
実施例1〜24及び比較例1〜10で得られた太陽電池封止材12A、12Bを用いて発電素子を挟み込み、図1に示すように透明基板(ガラス 厚さ3mm)11と耐加水分解性ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂フィルムをポリフッ化ビニル樹脂フィルムで挟んだ3層(厚さ0.5mm)の保護部材14とで挟んで積層体にした。次いで、真空ラミネーターによる真空下で、150℃で5分間加熱、15分間加熱圧着して、封止材を架橋させ、耐久試験用サンプル3を作製した。試験は、アイスーパーUVテスターにより、温度63℃、湿度50%RH、放射照度100mW/cm2の環境下、10日間静置の条件と、恒温恒湿試験により、温度85℃、湿度85%RHの環境下、1000時間の条件により行った。変換効率は、入光エネルギーと最適動作点での出力と、発電素子の面積から算出した。評価は、発電素子単体の変換効率を100として、サンプル試験前の変換効率(初期変換効率)と、試験後の変換効率(経時変換効率)を求めた。
12A 表面太陽電池封止材
12B 裏面太陽電池封止材
13 発電素子
14 保護部材
15 透明基板
16 太陽電池封止材
17 透明基板
Claims (11)
- 下記一般式(1)で示すアゾール系化合物(A)と、熱可塑性樹脂(B)とを含むことを特徴とする太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物。
一般式(1)
(式中、R1〜R8は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシル基、置換もしくは未置換のアルケニル基、置換もしくは未置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは未置換のアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは未置換のアリール基、置換もしくは未置換のアリールオキシ基、置換もしくは未置換の複素環基、置換もしくは未置換の複素環オキシ基、置換もしくは未置換のアシル基、置換もしくは未置換のアシルオキシ基、または、置換もしくは未置換のアミノ基を表す。ここで、R1〜R4、および、R5〜R8はそれぞれ、隣接した基が互いに結合して環を形成しても良い。
Xは、−S−、−O−、または、−NR9−を表し、R9は水素原子、置換もしくは未置換のアルケニル基、置換もしくは未置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは未置換のアリール基、置換もしくは未置換の複素環基、または、置換もしくは未置換のアシル基を表す) - 一般式(1)で示すアゾール系化合物(A)のXが、−NR9−であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物。
(ただし、R9は水素原子、置換もしくは未置換のアルケニル基、置換もしくは未置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは未置換のアリール基、置換もしくは未置換の複素環基、または、置換もしくは未置換のアシル基を表す)。 - 一般式(1)で示すアゾール系化合物(A)の融点が50〜260℃であることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物。
- 一般式(1)で示すアゾール系化合物(A)のR1〜R4の少なくとも1つが3級アルキル基であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3いずれか記載の太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物。
- 熱可塑性樹脂(B)が、エチレン系共重合体樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4いずれか1項に記載の太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物。
- 熱可塑性樹脂(B)が、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレンアクリル酸メチル共重合体、エチレンアクリル酸エチル共重合体、エチレンメタクリル酸メチル共重合体、エチレンメタクリル酸エチル共重合体、及びエチレン系アイオノマーからなる群より選択される1種以上の共重合体であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5いずれか1項に記載の太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物。
- 少なくとも、請求項1〜6いずれか記載の太陽電池封止材用樹脂組成物を用いて成形してなる太陽電池封止材。
- 熱可塑性樹脂(B)100重量部に対して、一般式(1)で示すアゾール系化合物(A)を1〜20量部含むことを特徴とする太陽電池封止材用マスターバッチ。
一般式(1)
(式中、R1〜R8は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシル基、置換もしくは未置換のアルケニル基、置換もしくは未置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは未置換のアルキルオキシ基、置換もしくは未置換のアリール基、置換もしくは未置換のアリールオキシ基、置換もしくは未置換の複素環基、置換もしくは未置換の複素環オキシ基、置換もしくは未置換のアシル基、置換もしくは未置換のアシルオキシ基、または、置換もしくは未置換のアミノ基を表す。ここで、R1〜R4、および、R5〜R8はそれぞれ、隣接した基が互いに結合して環を形成しても良い。
Xは、−S−、−O−、または、−NR9−を表し、R9は水素原子、置換もしくは未置換のアルケニル基、置換もしくは未置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは未置換のアリール基、置換もしくは未置換の複素環基、または、置換もしくは未置換のアシル基を表す) - エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体と、請求項8記載の太陽電池封止材用マスターバッチとを用いて形成してなる太陽電池封止材の製造方法。
- 請求項7記載の太陽電池封止材を備えた太陽電池モジュール。
- 請求項9記載の製造方法により製造された太陽電池封止材を備えた太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
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