JP5906739B2 - 癌の治療及び/又は予防用医薬組成物 - Google Patents
癌の治療及び/又は予防用医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5906739B2 JP5906739B2 JP2011510196A JP2011510196A JP5906739B2 JP 5906739 B2 JP5906739 B2 JP 5906739B2 JP 2011510196 A JP2011510196 A JP 2011510196A JP 2011510196 A JP2011510196 A JP 2011510196A JP 5906739 B2 JP5906739 B2 JP 5906739B2
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Description
本発明で用いられるCAPRIN−1に対する抗体を取得するための感作抗原として使用されるタンパク質又はその断片は、ヒト、イヌ、ウシ、ウマ、マウス、ラット、ニワトリなど、その由来となる動物種に制限されない。しかし細胞融合に使用する親細胞との適合性を考慮して選択することが好ましく、一般的には、哺乳動物由来のタンパク質が好ましく、特にヒト由来のタンパク質が好ましい。例えば、CAPRIN−1がヒトCAPRIN−1の場合、ヒトCAPRIN−1タンパク質やその部分ペプチド、ヒトCAPRIN−1を発現する細胞などを用いることができる。
抗体は通常少なくとも2本の重鎖及び2本の軽鎖を含むヘテロ多量体糖タンパク質である。IgMは別として、2本の同一の軽(L)鎖及び2本の同一の重(H)鎖で構成される約150kDaのヘテロ四量体糖タンパク質である。典型的には、それぞれの軽鎖は1つのジスルフィド共有結合により重鎖に連結されているが、種々の免疫グロブリンアイソタイプの重鎖間のジスルフィド結合の数は変動する。それぞれの重鎖及び軽鎖はまた鎖内ジスルフィド結合も有する。それぞれの重鎖は一方の端に可変ドメイン(VH領域)を有し、それにいくつかの定常領域が続く。それぞれ軽鎖は可変ドメイン(VL領域)を有し、その反対の端に1つの定常領域を有する。軽鎖の定常領域は重鎖の最初の定常領域と整列しており、かつ軽鎖可変ドメインは重鎖の可変ドメインと整列している。抗体の可変ドメインは特定の領域が相補性決定領域(CDR)と呼ばれる特定の可変性を示して抗体に結合特異性を付与する。可変領域の相対的に保存されている部分はフレームワーク領域(FR)と呼ばれている。完全な重鎖及び軽鎖の可変ドメインはそれぞれ3つのCDRにより連結された4つのFRを含む。3つのCDRは重鎖ではそのN末から順にCDRH1,CDRH2,CDRH3、同様に軽鎖ではCDRL1,CDRL2,CDRL3と呼ばれている。抗体の抗原への結合特異性には、CDRH3が最も重要である。また、各鎖のCDRはFR領域によって近接した状態で一緒に保持され、他方の鎖からのCDRと共に抗体の抗原結合部位の形成に寄与する。定常領域は抗体が抗原に結合することに直接寄与しないが、種々のエフェクター機能、例えば、抗体依存性細胞性細胞障害活性(ADCC)への関与、Fcγ受容体への結合を介した食作用、新生児Fc受容体(FcRn)を介した半減期/クリアランス速度、補体カスケードのC1q構成要素を介した補体依存性細胞障害(CDC)を示す。
本発明における抗CAPRIN−1抗体とは、CAPRIN−1タンパク質の全長又はその断片と免疫学的反応性を有する抗体を意味する。
抗体がCAPRIN−1に結合する能力は、実施例で述べられるようなたとえばELISA、ウエスタンブロット法、免疫蛍光及びフローサイトメトリー分析などを用いた結合アッセイを利用して特定することができる。
CAPRIN−1を認識する抗体は、当業者に周知の方法での免疫組織化学により、外科手術の間に患者から得た組織や、自然に又はトランスフェクション後にCAPRIN−1を発現する細胞系を接種した異種移植組織を担持する動物から得た組織から、パラホルムアルデヒド又はアセトン固定した凍結切片又はパラホルムアルデヒドで固定したパラフィン包埋した組織切片を使用して、CAPRIN−1との反応性に関して試験することができる。
本発明はまた、配列番号37で表されるアミノ酸配列、又は該アミノ酸配列と80%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列、を有する配列番号2〜30のうち偶数の配列番号で表されるCAPRIN−1の部分ポリペプチドと免疫学的反応性を有する上記の抗体又はそのフラグメントを有効成分として含むことを特徴とする、癌の治療及び/又は予防のための医薬組成物を提供する。
本発明は更に、上記抗体(a)、(b)又は(c)に関わる以下のポリペプチド及びDNAも提供する。
上で説明した本発明を以下に要約する。
(1)cDNAライブラリーの作製
健常な犬の精巣組織から酸グアニジウム−フェノール−クロロホルム法(Acid guanidium−Phenol−Chloroform法)により全RNAを抽出し、Oligotex−dT30 mRNA purification Kit(宝酒造社製)を用いてキット添付のプロトコールに従ってポリA RNAを精製した。
上記作製したイヌ精巣cDNAファージライブラリーを用いて、イムノスクリーニングを行った。具体的にはΦ90×15mmのNZYアガロースプレートに2210クローンとなるように宿主大腸菌(XL1−Blue MRF’)に感染させ、42℃、3〜4時間培養し、溶菌斑(プラーク)を作らせ、IPTG(イソプロピル−β−D−チオガラクトシド)を浸透させたニトロセルロースメンブレン(Hybond C Extra: GE Healthcare Bio−Scinece社製)でプレートを37℃で4時間覆うことによりタンパク質を誘導・発現させ、メンブレンにタンパク質を転写した。その後メンブレンを回収し0.5%脱脂粉乳を含むTBS(10mM Tris−HCl, 150mM NaCl pH7.5)に浸し4℃で一晩振盪することによって非特異反応を抑制した。このフィルターを500倍希釈した患犬血清と室温で2〜3時間反応させた。
上記方法により単離した5個の陽性クローンを塩基配列解析に供するため、ファージベクターからプラスミドベクターに転換する操作を行った。具体的には宿主大腸菌(XL1−Blue MRF’)を吸光度OD600が1.0となるよう調製した溶液200μlと、精製したファージ溶液250μlさらにExAssist helper phage(STRATAGENE社製)1μlを混合した後37℃で15分間反応後、LB培地を3ml添加し37℃で2.5〜3時間培養を行い、直ちに70℃の水浴にて20分間保温した後、4℃、1000×g、15分間遠心分離を行い上清をファージミド溶液として回収した。次いでファージミド宿主大腸菌(SOLR)を吸光度OD600が1.0となるよう調製した溶液200μlと、精製したファージ溶液10μlを混合した後37℃で15分間反応させ、50μlをアンピシリン(終濃度50μg/ml)含有LB寒天培地に播き37℃一晩培養した。トランスフォームしたSOLRのシングルコロニーを採取し、アンピシリン(終濃度50μg/ml)含有LB培地37℃にて培養後、QIAGEN plasmid Miniprep Kit(キアゲン社製)を使って目的のインサートを持つプラスミドDNAを精製した。
上記方法により得られた遺伝子に対しイヌ及びヒトの正常組織及び各種細胞株における発現をRT−PCR法により調べた。逆転写反応は以下の通り行なった。すなわち、各組織50〜100mg及び各細胞株5〜10×106個の細胞からTRIZOL試薬(invitrogen社製)を用いて添付のプロトコールに従い全RNAを抽出した。この全RNAを用いてSuperscript First−Strand Synthesis System for RT−PCR(invitrogen社製)により添付のプロトコールに従いcDNAを合成した。PCR反応は、取得した遺伝子特異的なプライマー(配列番号33及び34に記載)を用いて以下の通り行った。すなわち、逆転写反応により調製したサンプル0.25μl、上記プライマーを各2μM、0.2mM各dNTP、0.65UのExTaqポリメラーゼ(宝酒造社製)となるように各試薬と添付バッファーを加え全量を25μlとし、Thermal Cycler(BIO RAD社製)を用いて、94℃−30秒、60℃−30秒、72℃−30秒のサイクルを30回繰り返して行った。なお、上記遺伝子特異的プライマーは、配列番号5の塩基配列(イヌCAPRIN−1遺伝子)中の206番〜632番及び配列番号1の塩基配列(ヒトCAPRIN−1遺伝子)中の698番〜1124番塩基の領域を増幅するものであった。比較対照のため、GAPDH特異的なプライマー(配列番号35及び36に記載)も同時に用いた。その結果、図1に示すように、健常なイヌ組織では精巣に強い発現が見られ、一方イヌ乳癌及び腺癌組織で発現が見られた。さらに、取得した遺伝子のヒト相同因子の発現を併せて確認したところ、イヌCAPRIN−1遺伝子と同様、正常組織で発現が確認できたのは精巣のみだったが、癌細胞では乳癌、脳腫瘍、白血病、肺癌、食道癌細胞株など、多種類の癌細胞株で発現が検出され、特に多くの乳癌細胞株で発現が確認された。この結果から、CAPRIN−1は精巣以外の正常組織では発現が見られず、一方、多くの癌細胞で発現しており、特に乳癌細胞株に発現していることが確認された。
CAPRIN−1に結合する抗体を得るために、配列番号37で示されるCAPRIN−1由来ペプチドを合成した。このペプチド1mgを抗原として、等容量の不完全フロイントアジュバント(IFA)溶液と混合し、これを2週間毎に4回、ウサギの皮下に投与を行った。その後血液を採取し、ポリクローナル抗体を含む抗血清を得た。さらにこの抗血清をプロテインG担体(GEヘルスケアバイオサイエンス社製)を用いて精製し、CAPRIN−1由来ペプチドに対するポリクローナル抗体を得た。また、抗原を投与していないウサギの血清を上記と同様にしてプロテインG担体を用いて精製したものをコントロール抗体とした。
次にCAPRIN−1遺伝子の発現が多く確認された乳癌細胞株7種(MDA−MB−157,T47D,MRK−nu−1,MDA−MB−231V,BT20,SK−BR−3,MDA−MB−231T)について、その細胞表面上にCAPRIN−1タンパク質が発現しているかどうかを調べた。上記で遺伝子発現が認められた各ヒト乳癌細胞株それぞれ106細胞を1.5mlのミクロ遠心チューブにて遠心分離した。これに上記(5)で調製したCAPRIN−1由来ペプチドに対するポリクローナル抗体2μg(5μl)を添加し、さらに95μlの0.1%牛胎児血清を含むPBSで懸濁後、氷上で1時間静置した。PBSで洗浄した後、5μlのFITC標識ヤギ抗ラビットIgG抗体(サンタクルズ社製)及び95μlの0.1% 牛胎児血清(FBS)を含むPBSで懸濁し、氷上で1時間静置した。PBSで洗浄後、ベクトンディッキンソン株式会社のFACSキャリバーにて蛍光強度を測定した。一方、上記と同様の操作を、CAPRIN−1由来ペプチドに対するポリクローナル抗体の代わりに上記(5)で調製したコントロール抗体を用いて行い、コントロールとした。その結果、抗ヒトCAPRIN−1抗体を添加された細胞は、コントロールに比べて、いずれも蛍光強度が増強した。具体的には、MDA−MB−231Vが193%、SK−BR−3が169%の蛍光強度の増強を示した。このことから、上記ヒト癌細胞株の細胞膜表面上にCAPRIN−1タンパクが発現していることが確認された。なお、上記蛍光強度の増強率は、各細胞における平均蛍光強度(MFI値)の増加率にて表され、以下の計算式により算出した。
(7)−1 マウス及びイヌ正常組織におけるCAPRIN−1の発現
マウス(Balb/c、雌)及びイヌ(ビーグル犬、雌)をエーテル麻酔下及びケタミン/イソフルラン麻酔下で放血させ、開腹後、各臓器(胃、肝臓、眼球、胸腺、筋肉、骨髄、子宮、小腸、食道、心臓、腎臓、唾液腺、大腸、乳腺、脳、肺、皮膚、副腎、卵巣、膵臓、脾臓、膀胱)をそれぞれPBSの入った10cmディッシュに移した。PBS中で各臓器を切り開き、4% paraformaldehyde(PFA)を含む0.1M リン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)で一晩還流固定した。還流液を捨て、PBSで各臓器の組織表面をすすぎ、10%ショ糖を含むPBS溶液を50ml容の遠心チューブに入れ、その中に各組織を入れて4℃で2時間ローターを用いて振とうした。20%ショ糖を含むPBS溶液に入れ替え、4℃で組織が沈むまで静置後、30%ショ糖を含むPBS溶液に入れ替え、4℃で組織が沈むまで静置した。組織を取り出し、必要な部分を手術用メスで切りだした。次に、OCTコンパウンド(Tissue Tek社製)をかけて組織表面になじませた後、クライオモルドに組織を配置した。ドライアイスの上にクライオモルドをおいて急速凍結させた後、クライオスタット(LEICA社製)を用いて10〜20μmに薄切し、スライドガラスごとヘアードライアーで30分間風乾し、薄切組織がのったスライドガラス作製した。次にPBS−T(0.05% Tween20を含む生理食塩水)を満たした染色瓶に入れて5分ごとにPBS−Tを入れ替える操作を3回行った。切片周囲の余分な水分をキムワイプでふき取り、DAKOPEN(DAKO社製)で囲んだ後、ブロッキング液として、マウス組織はMOMマウスIgブロッキング試薬(VECTASTAIN社製)を、イヌ組織は10%FBSを含むPBS−T溶液をそれぞれのせ、モイストチャンバー上で室温で1時間静置した。次に、上記(5)で作製した癌細胞表面に反応する、CAPRIN−1由来ペプチド(配列番号37)に対するポリクローナル抗体をブロッキング液で10μg/mlに調製した溶液をのせ、モイストチャンバー内で4℃下で一晩静置した。PBS−Tで10分間3回洗浄を行った後、ブロッキング液で250倍に希釈したMOMビオチン標識抗IgG抗体(VECTASTAIN社製)をのせ、モイストチャンバー内で室温で1時間静置した。PBS−Tで10分間3回洗浄を行った後、アビジンービオチンABC試薬(VECTASTAIN社製)をのせ、モイストチャンバー内で室温で5分間静置した。PBS−Tで10分間3回洗浄を行った後、DAB発色液(DAB 10mg+30% H2O2 10μl/0.05M Tris−HCl(pH7.6)50ml)をのせ、モイストチャンバー内で室温で30分間静置した。蒸留水でリンスし、ヘマトキシリン試薬(DAKO社製)を載せて室温で1分間静置後、蒸留水でリンスした。70%、80%、90%、95%、100%の各エタノール溶液に順番に1分間ずつ入れた後、キシレン中で一晩静置した。スライドガラスを取り出し、Glycergel Mounting Medium(DAKO社製)で封入後、観察を行った。その結果、CAPRIN−1は、唾液腺、腎臓、結腸、胃の各組織において細胞内で僅かに発現が認められたが、細胞表面での発現は認められず、また、その他の臓器由来の組織では全く発現が認められなかった。なお、本結果は、実施例3で取得された配列番号43の重鎖可変領域と配列番号47の軽鎖可変領域を有するCAPRIN−1に対するモノクローナル抗体(モノクローナル抗体#1)又は配列番号43の重鎖可変領域と配列番号51の軽鎖可変領域を有するCAPRIN−1に対するモノクローナル抗体(モノクローナル抗体#2)又は配列番号63の重鎖可変領域と配列番号67の軽鎖可変領域を有するCAPRIN−1に対するモノクローナル抗体(モノクローナル抗体#3)を用いた場合も同様であった。
病理診断で悪性乳癌と診断されたイヌの凍結された乳癌組織108検体を用いて、上述と同様の方法で凍結切片スライド作製及び上記(5)で作製したCAPRIN−1由来ペプチド(配列番号37)に対するポリクローナル抗体を用いた免疫組織化学染色を行った。その結果、CAPRIN−1は108検体中100検体(92.5%)で発現が確認され、特に異型度の高い癌細胞表面に強く発現していた。なお、本結果は、実施例3で取得されたモノクローナル抗体#1、#2又は#3を用いた場合も同様であった。
パラフィン包埋されたヒト乳癌組織アレイ(BIOMAX社製)の乳癌組織188検体を用いて、免疫組織化学染色を行った。ヒト乳癌組織アレイを60℃で3時間処理後、キシレンを満たした染色瓶に入れて5分ごとにキシレンを入れ替える操作を3回行った。次にキシレンの代わりにエタノール及びPBS−Tで同様の操作を行った。0.05%Tween20を含む10mMクエン酸緩衝液(pH6.0)を満たした染色瓶にヒト乳癌組織アレイを入れ、125℃で5分間処理後、室温で40分以上静置した。切片周囲の余分な水分をキムワイプでふき取り、DAKOPENで囲み、Peroxidase Block(DAKO社製)を適量滴下した。室温で5分間静置後、PBS−Tを満たした染色瓶に入れて5分ごとにPBS−Tを入れ替える操作を3回行った。ブロッキング液として、10% FBSを含むPBS−T溶液をのせ、モイストチャンバー内で室温で1時間静置した。次に上記(5)で作製したCAPRIN−1由来ペプチド(配列番号37)に対するポリクローナル抗体を5% FBSを含むPBS−T溶液で10μg/mlに調製した溶液をのせ、モイストチャンバー内で4℃で一晩静置し、PBS−Tで10分間3回洗浄を行った後、Peroxidase Labelled Polymer Conjugated(DAKO社製)適量滴下し、モイストチャンバー内で室温で30分間静置した。PBS−Tで10分間3回洗浄を行った後、DAB発色液(DAKO社製)をのせ、室温で10分程度静置した後、発色液を捨て、PBS−Tで10分間3回洗浄を行った後、蒸留水でリンスし、70%、80%、90%、95%、100%の各エタノール溶液に順番に1分間ずつ入れた後、キシレン中で一晩静置した。スライドガラスを取り出し、Glycergel Mounting Medium(DAKO社製)で封入後、観察を行った。その結果、CAPRIN−1は全乳癌組織188検体の内、138検体(73%)で強い発現が認められた。なお、本結果は、実施例3で取得されたモノクローナル抗体#1、#2又は#3を用いた場合も同様であった。
パラフィン包埋されたヒト悪性脳腫瘍組織アレイ(BIOMAX社製)の悪性脳腫瘍組織247検体を用いて、上述(7)−3と同様の方法で上記(5)で作製したCAPRIN−1由来ペプチド(配列番号37)に対するポリクローナル抗体を用いた免疫組織化学染色を行った。その結果、CAPRIN−1は全悪性脳腫瘍組織247検体の内、227検体(92%)で強い発現が認められた。なお、本結果は、実施例3で取得されたモノクローナル抗体#1、#2又は#3を用いた場合も同様であった。
パラフィン包埋されたヒト乳癌転移リンパ節組織アレイ(BIOMAX社製)の乳癌転移リンパ節組織150検体を用いて、上述(7)−3と同様の方法で上記(5)で作製したCAPRIN−1由来ペプチド(配列番号37)に対するポリクローナル抗体を用いた免疫組織化学染色を行った。その結果、CAPRIN−1は全乳癌転移リンパ節組織150検体の内、136検体(90%)で強い発現が認められた。すなわち、乳癌から転移した癌組織においてもCAPRIN−1は強く発現することが判った。なお、本結果は、実施例3で取得されたモノクローナル抗体#1、#2又は#3を用いた場合も同様であった。
パラフィン包埋されたヒト各種癌組織アレイ(BIOMAX社製)の検体を用いて、上述と同様の方法で上記(5)で作製したCAPRIN−1由来ペプチド(配列番号37)に対するポリクローナル抗体を用いた免疫組織化学染色を行った。その結果、CAPRIN−1は食道癌、結腸癌、直腸癌、肺癌、腎癌、膀胱癌及び子宮頸癌で強い発現が認められた。なお、本結果は、実施例3で取得されたモノクローナル抗体#1、#2又は#3を用いた場合も同様であった。
(1)組換えタンパク質の作製
実施例1で取得した配列番号1の遺伝子を基に、以下の方法にてヒトCAPRIN−1の組換えタンパク質を作製した。PCRは、実施例1で作製したヒト由来の各種組織・細胞cDNAよりRT−PCR法による発現が確認できたcDNAを1μl、SacI及びXhoI制限酵素切断配列を含む2種類のプライマー(配列番号38及び39に記載)を各0.4μM, 0.2mM dNTP, 1.25UのPrimeSTAR HSポリメラーゼ(宝酒造社製)となるように各試薬と添付バッファーを加え全量を50μlとし、Thermal Cycler(BIO RAD社製)を用いて、98℃−10秒、68℃−2.5分のサイクルを30回繰り返すことにより行った。なお、上記2種類のプライマーは、配列番号2のアミノ酸配列全長をコードする領域を増幅するものであった。PCR後、増幅されたDNAを1%アガロースゲルにて電気泳動し、QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit(QIAGEN社製)を用いて約2.1kbpのDNA断片を精製した。
上記で得られた、配列番号1の遺伝子を発現するそれぞれの組換え大腸菌を30μg/ml カナマイシン含有LB培地にて600nmでの吸光度が0.7付近になるまで37℃で培養後、イソプロピル−β−D−1−チオガラクトピラノシド終濃度が1mMとなるよう添加し、37℃で4時間培養した。その後4800rpmで10分間遠心し集菌した。この菌体ペレットをリン酸緩衝化生理食塩水に懸濁し、さらに4800rpmで10分間遠心し菌体の洗浄を行った。
実施例2で調製した配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有する抗原タンパク質(ヒトCAPRIN−1)100μgを等量のMPL+TDMアジュバント(シグマ社製)と混合し、これをマウス1匹当たりの抗原溶液とした。抗原溶液を6週齢のBalb/ccマウス(日本SLC社製)の腹腔内に投与後、1週間毎に7回投与を行い免疫を完了した。最後の免疫から3日後に摘出したそれぞれの脾臓を滅菌した2枚のスライドガラスに挟んで擦り潰し、PBS(−)(日水社製)を用いて洗浄し1500rpmで10分間遠心して上清を除去する操作を3回繰り返して脾臓細胞を得た。得られた脾臓細胞とマウスミエローマ細胞SP2/0(ATCCから購入)とを10:1の比率にて混和し、そこに37℃に加温した10% FBSを含むRPMI1640培地200μlとPEG1500(ベーリンガー社製)800μlを混和して調製したPEG溶液を加えて5分間静置して細胞融合を行った。1700rpmで5分間遠心し、上清を除去後、Gibco社製のHAT溶液を2%当量加えた15% FBSを含むRPMI1640培地(HAT選択培地)150mlで細胞を懸濁し、96穴プレート(ヌンク社製)の1ウェル当たり100μlずつ、プレート15枚に播種した。7日間、37℃、5% CO2の条件で培養することで、脾臓細胞とミエローマ細胞が融合したハイブリドーマを得た。
(1)抗ヒトCAPRIN−1マウスモノクローナル抗体の可変領域遺伝子のクローニング
実施例3で選抜した3個のモノクローナル抗体をそれぞれ産生する各ハイブリドーマ株から、mRNAを抽出し、マウスFR1由来配列及びマウスFR4由来の配列に特異的なプライマーを使用したRT−PCR法により、全ての抗CAPRIN−1モノクローナル抗体の重鎖可変(VH)領域及び軽鎖可変(VL)領域の遺伝子を取得した。配列決定のために、それら遺伝子をpCR2.1ベクター(インビトロジェン社製)にクローニングした。
106個の各ハイブリドーマ株から、mRNA micro purification kit(GEヘルスケア社製)を用いてmRNAを調製し、SuperScriptII 1st strand synthesis kit(インビトロジェン社製)を用いて、得られたmRNAを逆転写してcDNAを合成した。これら操作は各キットの添付プロトコールに従って行った。
上記で得られた各PCR産物を用いてアガロースゲルにて電気泳動を行い、VH領域及びVL領域それぞれのDNAバンドを切り出した。DNA断片はQIAquick Gel purification kit(キアゲン社製)を用いてその添付プロトコールに従って行った。精製した各DNAはTAクローニングキット(インビトロジェン社製)を用いてpCR2.1ベクターにクローニングした。連結したベクターをDH5aコンピテントセル(TOYOBO社製)に定法に従い形質転換を行った。各形質転換体それぞれ10クローンを培地(100μg/mlアンピシリン)で37℃一晩培養後、各プラスミドDNAをQiaspin Miniprep kit(キアゲン社製)を用いて精製した。
上記で得られた各プラスミド中のVH領域及びVL領域の遺伝子配列解析は、M13フォワードプライマー(配列番号58)及びM13リバースプライマー(配列番号59)を用いて、蛍光シーケンサー(ABI社製DNAシーケンサー3130XL)により、ABI社製のビッグダイターミネーターVer3.1サイクルシーケンシングキットを用いて、その添付プロトコールに従い行った。その結果、各々の遺伝子配列が決定された(各々10クローンで一致)。
実施例3で取得した、癌細胞の細胞表面に反応するCAPRIN−1に対するモノクローナル抗体#1、#2及び#3が認識するCAPRIN−1エピトープ領域の同定を行った。
次にCAPRIN−1遺伝子の発現が確認された乳癌細胞株7種(MDA−MB−157,T47D,MRK−nu−1,MDA−MB−231V,BT20,SK−BR−3,DA−MB−231T)及びその他の乳癌細胞株3種(MDA−MB−231C,MCF−7,ZR75−1)、グリオーマ細胞株5種(T98G,SNB19,U251,U87MG,U373)、腎臓癌細胞株4種(Caki−1,Caki−2,A498,ACHN)、胃癌細胞株2種(MKN28,MKN45)、大腸癌細胞株5種(HT29,LoVo,Caco2,SW480,HCT116)、肺癌細胞株3種(A549、QG56、PC8)、白血病細胞株4種(AML5,Namalwa、BDCM、RPI1788)、子宮頸癌細胞株1種(SW756)、膀胱癌細胞株1種(T24)、食道癌細胞株1種(KYSE180)及びリンパ腫細胞株1種(Ramos)について、実施例3で得られた#1、#2と#3を含む培養上清を用いて、各細胞の細胞表面上でのCAPRIN−1タンパク質の発現を調べた。各細胞株それぞれ106細胞を1.5ml容のミクロ遠心チューブにて遠心分離した。抗体#1、#2と#3をそれぞれ含む各細胞培養上清(100μl)を添加し、氷上で1時間静置した。PBSで洗浄した後、0.1% FBSを含むPBSで500倍希釈したFITC標識ヤギ抗マウスIgG(H+L)抗体(SouthernBiotech社製)を添加し、氷上で1時間静置した。PBSで洗浄後、ベクトンディッキンソン株式会社のFACSキャリバーにて蛍光強度を測定した。陰性コントロールには二次抗体のみを反応したものを用いた。その結果、抗体#1、#2及び#3を添加した細胞は、陰性コントロールに比べて、いずれも蛍光強度が20%以上強かった。このことから、上記ヒト癌細胞株の細胞膜表面上にCAPRIN−1タンパク質が発現していることが確認された。なお、上記蛍光強度の増強率は、各細胞における平均蛍光強度(MFI値)の増加率にて表され、以下の計算式により算出した。
CAPRIN−1に対する抗体が、CAPRIN−1を発現する癌細胞を障害することができるかどうかを、先ずADCC活性を測定することによって検討した。実施例1で調製したヒトCAPRIN−1由来ペプチド(配列番号37)に対するポリクローナル抗体を用いて評価を行った。CAPRIN−1の発現が確認されているヒト乳癌細胞株、MDA−MB−157を106個50ml容の遠心チューブに集め、100μCiのクロミウム51を加え37℃で2時間インキュベートした。その後10%牛胎児血清を含むRPMI1640培地で3回洗浄し、96穴V底プレート1穴あたり103個ずつ添加した。これに、上記ヒトCAPRIN−1由来ペプチドに対するポリクローナル抗体を1μg添加し、さらにウサギの末梢血から分離したリンパ球を2×105個ずつ添加して、37℃、5% CO2の条件下で4時間培養した。培養後、障害を受けた癌細胞から放出される培養上清中のクロミウム(Cr)51の量を測定し、ヒトCAPRIN−1由来ペプチドに対するポリクローナル抗体による癌細胞に対するADCC活性を算出した。その結果、MDA−MB−157に対して、18.1%のADCC活性が確認された(図2参照)。一方、抗原が免疫されていないウサギの末梢血から調製したコントロール抗体(実施例1(5))を用いて同様の操作を行った場合、及び抗体を添加しなかった場合には、活性はほとんど認められなかった(図2参照)。従って、CAPRIN−1に対する抗体を用いたADCC活性により、CAPRIN−1を発現する癌細胞を障害することができることが明らかになった。
配列番号32: T7プライマー
配列番号33、34、38、39、54〜59: プライマー
配列番号35、36: GAPDHプライマー
Claims (16)
- 配列番号2〜30のうち偶数の配列番号で表されるCAPRIN−1の部分ポリペプチドであって配列番号37で表されるアミノ酸配列又は該アミノ酸配列と80%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドと免疫学的反応性を有する抗体又はそのフラグメントを有効成分として含むことを特徴とする、癌の治療及び/又は予防のための医薬組成物。
- 前記癌が乳癌、脳腫瘍、白血病、リンパ腫、肺癌、肥満細胞腫、腎癌、子宮頸癌、膀胱癌、食道癌、胃癌もしくは大腸癌である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体又はポリクローナル抗体である、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記抗体が、ヒト抗体、ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体、単鎖抗体又は二重特異性抗体である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 配列番号2〜30のうち偶数の配列番号で表されるCAPRIN−1の部分ポリペプチドであって配列番号37で表されるアミノ酸配列又は該アミノ酸配列と80%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドと免疫学的反応性を有する抗体。
- CAPRIN−1タンパク質を発現する癌細胞に対し細胞障害活性を有する、請求項5に記載の抗体。
- 配列番号40で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR1、配列番号41で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR2及び配列番号42で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域と配列番号44で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR1、配列番号45で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR2及び配列番号46で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含み、かつ、CAPRIN−1タンパク質と免疫学的反応性を有する抗体。
- 配列番号40で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR1、配列番号41で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR2及び配列番号42で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域と配列番号48で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR1、配列番号49で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR2及び配列番号50で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含み、かつ、CAPRIN−1タンパク質と免疫学的反応性を有する抗体。
- 配列番号60で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR1、配列番号61で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR2及び配列番号62で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域と配列番号64で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR1、配列番号65で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR2及び配列番号66で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含み、かつ、CAPRIN−1タンパク質と免疫学的反応性を有する抗体。
- 前記重鎖可変領域が、配列番号43のアミノ酸配列からなり、前記軽鎖可変領域が、配列番号47のアミノ酸配列からなる、請求項7に記載の抗体。
- 前記重鎖可変領域が、配列番号43のアミノ酸配列からなり、前記軽鎖可変領域が、配列番号51のアミノ酸配列からなる、請求項8に記載の抗体。
- 前記重鎖可変領域が、配列番号63のアミノ酸配列からなり、前記軽鎖可変領域が、配列番号67のアミノ酸配列からなる、請求項9に記載の抗体。
- ヒト化抗体、キメラ抗体、単鎖抗体又は二重特異性抗体である、請求項5〜12のいずれか1項に記載の抗体。
- 請求項5〜13のいずれか1項に記載の抗体を有効成分として含むことを特徴とする、癌の治療及び/又は予防のための医薬組成物。
- 前記癌が乳癌、脳腫瘍、白血病、リンパ腫、肺癌、肥満細胞腫、腎癌、子宮頸癌、膀胱癌、食道癌、胃癌もしくは大腸癌である、請求項14に記載の医薬組成物。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物あるいは請求項14又は15に記載の医薬組成物と、抗腫瘍剤を含む医薬組成物とを含んでなる、癌の治療及び/又は予防のための組み合わせ医薬品。
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102822335A (zh) | 2012-12-12 |
KR20130004277A (ko) | 2013-01-09 |
BR112012018949A2 (pt) | 2020-09-01 |
MX340015B (es) | 2016-06-22 |
CA2788718C (en) | 2019-05-21 |
PL2532743T3 (pl) | 2015-09-30 |
CN102822335B (zh) | 2015-09-30 |
EP2532743B1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
US8828398B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 |
AU2011211699A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
MX2012008998A (es) | 2012-08-31 |
KR101805520B1 (ko) | 2017-12-07 |
US9416191B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 |
ES2540858T3 (es) | 2015-07-14 |
EP2532743A4 (en) | 2013-09-11 |
RU2603742C2 (ru) | 2016-11-27 |
EP2532743A1 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
PT2532743E (pt) | 2015-08-04 |
RU2012137502A (ru) | 2014-03-10 |
CA2788718A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
US20140341919A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
AU2011211699B2 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
US20120301471A1 (en) | 2012-11-29 |
WO2011096534A1 (ja) | 2011-08-11 |
JPWO2011096534A1 (ja) | 2013-06-13 |
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