JP5987654B2 - Face clamp chuck and machine tool - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a face clamp chuck that is provided in a machine tool such as a lathe and clamps a workpiece in an axial direction, and a machine tool having the face clamp chuck.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the face clamp chuck 8 presses a plurality of chuck claws 20 arranged in the circumferential direction against the end surface of the workpiece W to clamp the workpiece W in the axial direction. Each chuck claw 20 is fixedly attached to a chuck claw mounting member 21 that can move forward and backward in the axial direction (Z-axis direction) of a main shaft (not shown) on which the face clamp chuck 8 is provided. The chuck claw mounting member 21 is rotated around a rotation center O2 parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft as it advances and retreats by a cam mechanism (not shown). With this structure, when the chuck claw mounting member 21 moves back and forth, the chuck claw 20 turns while moving back and forth between the position where the workpiece W indicated by the solid line in FIG. 9 is clamped and the position where it is not clamped indicated by the chain line. Since the angle at which the chuck claw attachment member 21 rotates is determined by the cam mechanism, the turning angle of the chuck claw 20 is constant.

  The face clamp chuck 8 having the above structure clamps the workpiece W by clamping the workpiece W from both sides in the axial direction between the contact surface 34 provided on the chuck body 8a and the pressing portion 20a of the chuck claw 20. Therefore, the range of the diameter of the work W that can be clamped is narrow, and each time the diameter of the work W changes, it is necessary to change the stage to the chuck claw 20 corresponding to the work diameter. Generally, by changing the attachment angle of the chuck claw 20 with respect to the chuck claw attachment member 21, the turning range of the chuck claw 20 is adjusted while the turning angle remains the same. The mounting angle refers to a relative position in the rotational direction.

  In order to eliminate such complications of setup change, Patent Document 1 discloses a face clamp chuck in which the turning range of the chuck claw 20 can be adjusted by changing the angle of the chuck claw 20 together with the chuck claw mounting member 21. Has been proposed. With this configuration, workpieces W having different diameters can be handled without replacing the chuck claws 20.

JP-A-5-212607

  However, the thing of patent document 1 changes the angle of the chuck | zipper claw attachment member 21 with the motive power transmitted from the outside of the face clamp chuck | zipper 8. FIG. Therefore, a power source for changing the angle must be installed outside the face clamp chuck 8, which increases the cost. In addition, in order to interlock each chuck claw attachment member 21, an interlocking mechanism such as a gear device must be provided inside the face clamp chuck 8, and the face clamp chuck 8 is complicated and large.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a face clamp chuck that does not require setup change even when the workpiece diameter changes, and that can be manufactured without complicating the structure and without increasing costs.
Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to change the attachment angle of the chuck claw with respect to the chuck claw attachment member with a simple mechanism.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that does not require the face clamp chuck to be replaced even if the workpiece diameter changes.

  A face clamp chuck according to the present invention is a chuck that is attached to a spindle of a machine tool and clamps a workpiece in the axial direction of the spindle by contacting the surface of the workpiece, and a chuck body provided at a tip of the spindle A chuck claw mounting member which is installed so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction of the main shaft with respect to the chuck body and to be rotatable around a rotation center parallel to the main shaft, and to rotate within a range of a predetermined angle as it advances and retreats. The chuck pawl mounting member is attached to the tip of the chuck pawl mounting member and extends in a direction away from the rotation center of the chuck pawl mounting member, and the tip pivots inward and outward with respect to the main shaft by the rotation of the chuck pawl mounting member. A chuck claw is provided. The chuck claw is attached so that the relative position in the rotation direction with respect to the chuck claw attachment member can be changed.

  According to this configuration, when the chuck claw mounting member is advanced or retracted, the chuck claw mounting member rotates within a certain angle around the rotation center parallel to the main shaft along with the advance and retreat, and the chuck attached to the chuck claw mounting member. The claw turns while moving back and forth between the position where the workpiece is clamped and the position where it is not clamped. By changing the relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw with respect to the chuck claw mounting member, the turning range of the chuck claw is adjusted with the same turning angle. This changes the diameter of the work that can be clamped. For this reason, it is possible to deal with workpieces having different diameters without changing the setup.

  The change of the relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw with respect to the chuck claw attachment member may be a manual operation or an operation by an operation of a movable part of a machine tool on which the face clamp chuck is installed. In other words, the power source for changing the relative position does not need to be provided separately, and can be manufactured at low cost. Further, since the relative position may be changed for each chuck claw, it is not necessary to provide an interlocking mechanism for interlocking each chuck claw mounting member, and the structure is not complicated.

Before SL chuck jaws, normally in fixed such that a relative position in the rotational direction is constant relative to the chuck pawl mounting member by a frictional force generated between the chuck pawl mounting member and the chuck claws, the rotation around the center the relative position between a defined magnitude or more rotational force is applied rotational direction relative to the chuck pawl mounting member Ru changed.
In the case of this configuration, by properly setting the magnitude of the frictional force around the rotation center between the chuck claw mounting member and the chuck claw, the chuck for the chuck claw mounting member can be used even though it is a simple mechanism that does not use special parts. The relative position in the rotation direction of the nail can be changed.

The machine tool of this invention is provided with the main axis | shaft which has the said face clamp chuck | zipper, and the tool support body which supports the tool which processes with respect to the workpiece | work supported by this main axis | shaft. In this machine tool, the chuck pawl relative to said chuck claws provided a rotational force receiving portion, before Symbol tool carrier, said main shaft or said rotating force receiving portion by the operation of a defined the engineering tool support A rotational force applying member for applying a rotational force around the rotation center of the mounting member is provided.

With this arrangement, a rotational force applying member provided on the engineering tool support, with respect to the rotational force receiving portion provided in the chuck jaws, by giving the rotational force of the rotation around the center of the chuck pawl mounting member The relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw with respect to the chuck claw mounting member can be changed. Therefore, it is not necessary to replace the face clamp chuck even if the workpiece diameter changes. Further, the power source for changing the relative position of the chuck claws can be eliminated by using the operation of the spindle or the tool support which is the movable part of the machine tool.

  A face clamp chuck according to the present invention is a chuck that is attached to a spindle of a machine tool and clamps a workpiece in the axial direction of the spindle by contacting the surface of the workpiece, and a chuck body provided at a tip of the spindle A chuck claw mounting member which is installed so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction of the main shaft with respect to the chuck body and to be rotatable around a rotation center parallel to the main shaft, and to rotate within a range of a predetermined angle as it advances and retreats. The chuck pawl mounting member is attached to the tip of the chuck pawl mounting member and extends in a direction away from the rotation center of the chuck pawl mounting member, and the tip pivots inward and outward with respect to the main shaft by the rotation of the chuck pawl mounting member. A chuck claw, and the chuck claw can be attached to the chuck claw mounting member so that the relative position in the rotation direction can be freely changed. And therefore, even if the workpiece diameter is changed to avoid having to setup changes, without complicating the structure, and it can be manufactured without causing cost increase.

The chuck pawl is normally fixed so that the relative position in the rotation direction with respect to the chuck pawl mounting member is constant by a frictional force generated between the chuck pawl and the chuck pawl mounting member, and is determined around the rotation center. since was magnitude or more rotational force relative position of the rotation direction relative to the chuck pawl mounting member and is applied is assumed to be changed, a simple mechanism, capable of changing the mounting angle of the chuck claws with respect to the chuck pawl mounting member is there.

Machine tools of this invention comprises a main shaft having a face clamping chuck, and a tool support for supporting a tool for machining against supported workpiece to the spindle, rotational force receiving portion is set in the chuck jaws is, before Symbol tool carrier, rotating said main shaft or to impart the rotational center about the rotational force of the chuck pawl mounting member relative to said rotating force receiving portion by the operation of a defined the engineering tool support Since the force applying member is provided, it is not necessary to replace the face clamp chuck even if the workpiece diameter changes.

1 is a front view of a machine tool having a face clamp chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the machine tool. (A) is a front view of the face clamp chuck, and (B) is a cutaway side view thereof. It is the IV section enlarged view of FIG.3 (B). It is VV sectional drawing of FIG. It is a front view which shows the connection part of the chuck nail attachment member and chuck nail of the same face clamp chuck. (A), (B) is a front view which shows the state which clamped the workpiece | work from which each diameter differs by the same face clamp chuck | zipper. It is explanatory drawing of operation which changes the angle of the chuck nail | claw of the same face clamp chuck | zipper. (A) is a front view of a conventional face clamp chuck, and (B) is a plan view thereof.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are a front view and a plan view of a machine tool having a face clamp chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention. The machine tool 1 is a single-axis turret lathe, and a tool support that supports a spindle 2 that supports and rotates a workpiece W, and a tool T that performs machining on the workpiece W supported by the spindle 2. 3.

  The main shaft 2 is an axis whose axis O1 extends along the front-rear direction (Z-axis direction), is rotatably supported by a main shaft base 6 installed on the bed 5, and is rotated by a main shaft motor 7. A face clamp chuck 8 that clamps the workpiece W in the axial direction of the main shaft 2 is provided at the tip of the main shaft 2. The face clamp chuck 8 will be described in detail later.

  The tool support 3 is composed of a turret having a polygonal front shape, and various tools T and a rotational force applying member 42 to be described later are attached to each planar portion of the outer periphery via the tool holder 10. FIG. 1 shows only some of the tools T attached to each planar portion, and FIG. 2 does not show all of the tools T. The rotational force applying member 42 is attached only to one place of each plane portion. The tool support 3 is mounted on a feed base 12 on a bed 5 via a turret shaft 11 so as to be capable of rotational indexing. The rotary indexing of the tool support 3 is performed by an indexing motor 13 mounted on the feed base 12.

  The turret shaft 11 is movable back and forth in the front-rear direction with respect to the feed base 12 and is driven forward and backward by a Z-axis motor 14. The feed base 12 is installed on the X-axis guide 16 on the bed 5 so as to advance and retreat in the left-right direction (X-axis direction), and is driven forward and backward by the X-axis motor 17 via the feed screw mechanism 18. Thereby, the tool support body 3 is movable to the front-back direction and the left-right direction. The tool T is applied to the workpiece W held by the face clamp chuck 8 of the rotating spindle 2 to process the workpiece W, and the tool support 3 is moved in the front-rear direction. The cutting amount of the work W by the tool T is adjusted by moving the tool support 3 in the left-right direction.

  FIGS. 3A and 3B are a front view and a cutaway side view of the face clamp chuck 8. The face clamp chuck 8 has a plurality of chuck claws 20 provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the front surface of the chuck body 8a. The chuck body 8a is attached to the tip surface of the main shaft 2 with a bolt (not shown) or the like. Each chuck claw 20 is attached to a front end portion of a chuck claw attachment member 21 that is movable back and forth in the front-rear direction (Z-axis direction) that is the direction of the axis O1 of the main shaft 2 by an attachment portion 22 described later. The chuck claw mounting member 21 has a circular shaft shape, and is supported by a guide portion 23 fixed to the chuck body 8a so as to be able to advance and retract in the front-rear direction and to be rotatable around the rotation center O2. Therefore, each chuck claw attachment member 21 can revolve around the axis O1 of the main shaft 2 and rotate around the rotation center O2.

  A clamp shaft 25 that is driven back and forth in the front-rear direction is provided at the center of the chuck body 8a. The clamp shaft 25 and the rear end portion of each chuck claw attachment member 21 are connected via a connecting member 27. The interlocking member 27 transmits the forward / backward movement of the clamp shaft 25 to the chuck pawl mounting member 21, but the chuck pawl mounting member 21 is rotatable with respect to the interlocking member 27. The clamp shaft 25 is connected to a leading end of a draw bar 26 provided inside the main shaft 2 so as to be able to advance and retract. The draw bar 26 is driven by a clamp drive source (not shown) such as an air cylinder located at the rear end of the main shaft 2. Can be advanced or retreated.

  In FIG. 4 which is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 3B and FIG. 5 which is a VV sectional view of the chuck claw mounting member 21, the chuck claw mounting member 21 is rotated within a range of a predetermined angle by the advancing and retreating operation. An advancing / retracting rotation imparting mechanism 28 is shown. The advancing / retracting rotation imparting mechanism 28 includes a guide groove 29 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the central portion in the axial direction of the chuck claw mounting member 21, and is provided in the guide portion 23 so as to be relatively movable with respect to the guide groove 29. It is comprised with the guide pin 30 to fit. The guide groove 29 includes a front portion 29a along the axial direction of the main shaft 2 (FIG. 3B) and a rear portion 29b that is inclined with respect to the axial direction. The guide pin 30 has, for example, a collar shape, and is inserted from the outer peripheral side into a pin hole 31 having a counterbore shape provided in the guide portion 23, so that the collar portion 30 a contacts the counterbore surface 31 a of the pin hole 31. And fixed by a set screw 32.

  When the clamp shaft 25 (FIG. 3B) is driven forward and backward, the chuck claw attachment members 21 advance and retract in synchronization with each other. The guide pin 30 relatively moves along the guide groove 29 as the chuck claw attachment member 21 advances and retreats. When the guide pin 30 moves relative to the front portion 29 a of the guide groove 29, the chuck claw mounting member 21 only moves forward and backward, but when the guide pin 30 moves relative to the rear portion 29 b of the guide groove 29. The chuck claw attaching member 21 rotates around the rotation center O2 with the advance / retreat operation. By the operation of the chuck claw mounting guide member 21, the chuck claw 20 moves between the spindle 2 while moving back and forth between the clamp position P1 for clamping the workpiece W indicated by the solid line in FIG. 3 and the release position P2 for clamping the workpiece W indicated by the chain line. To the inside and outside. The turning angle θ is, for example, about 40 °.

  The chuck claw 20 has a shape extending in a direction away from the rotation center O2 of the chuck claw attachment member 21, and a pressing portion made of a steel material or the like that is pressed against the workpiece W at the time of clamping on the surface facing the chuck main body 8a side. 20a is provided. A work abutting member 33 is provided at the front portion of the chuck body 8 a, and an abutting surface 34 facing the abutting portion 20 a of each chuck claw 20 is provided on the front surface of the work abutting member 33. The contact surface 34 has an arc shape corresponding to a turning locus around the rotation center O2 of the pressing portion 20a when viewed from the front.

  The attachment portion 22 of the chuck claw 20 to the chuck claw attachment member 21 has an attachment hole 37 of the chuck claw 20 fitted in an attachment shaft portion 36 provided at the tip of the chuck claw attachment member 21. A disc-shaped retaining member 38 is fixed to the front end surface of the mounting shaft 36 by a fixture 39 such as a bolt in contact with the chuck claw 20.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the mounting shaft portion 36 has a plurality of protruding ridges 36 a extending in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface, and the mounting hole 37 is formed on the inner peripheral surface with the ridges 36 a of the mounting shaft portion 36. A large number of meshed protrusions 37a are formed. In a normal state, the protrusions 36a of the attachment shaft portion 36 and the protrusions 37a of the attachment hole 37 are engaged with each other, so that the chuck pawl 20 rotates in the rotational direction with respect to the chuck pawl attachment member 21 by the frictional force generated between the protrusions 36a and 37a. Are fixed so that their relative positions are constant. When a rotational force larger than the size determined around the rotation center O <b> 2 is applied to the chuck claw 20, the protrusion 36 a of the attachment shaft portion 36 rides over the protrusion 37 a of the attachment hole 37, thereby the chuck claw attachment member 21. The magnitude of the frictional force is appropriately set so that the relative position of the chuck claw 20 with respect to the rotation direction is changed. The configuration of the mounting portion 22 is a simple mechanism that does not use special parts, but the relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw 20 with respect to the chuck claw mounting member 21 can be changed.

  As a means for changing the relative position of the chuck claw 20 in the rotation direction with respect to the chuck claw mounting member 21, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotation protruding from the base of the chuck claw 20 in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the rotation center O2. A force receiving portion 41 is provided. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotational force applying member 42 is attached to the tool support 3 via the tool holder 10. The rotational force imparting member 42 is a U-shaped front shape including a base portion 42a fixed to the tool holder 10 and a pair of operation portions 42b and 42c extending in the outer diameter direction of the tool support 3 from both ends of the base portion 42a. . It is desirable that the facing surfaces of the operation portions 42b and 42c have a shape in which the distance between the operation portions 42b and 42c increases toward the distal end as shown in the example of the drawing.

A method of clamping the workpiece W by the face clamp chuck 8 in the machine tool 1 will be described.
First, the workpiece W is pressed against the abutting surface 34 of the workpiece abutting member 33 in a state where each chuck claw 20 is in the release position P2 indicated by a chain line in FIG. At this time, the workpiece W is centered by a centering mechanism (not shown). In this state, by retracting the clamp shaft 25 to the left in FIG. 3B, each chuck claw 20 rotates while moving backward and moves to the clamp position P1 indicated by the solid line. As a result, the workpiece W is sandwiched between the pressing portion 20a of the chuck claw 20 and the contact surface 34 of the workpiece abutting member 33, and the workpiece W is clamped in the axial direction of the main spindle 2. When removing the workpiece W, the clamp shaft 25 is advanced to the right side in FIG. 3B and each chuck claw 20 is moved to the release position P2, so that the chuck claw 20 is pivoted outward and the workpiece W is taken out. Is possible.

  In FIG. 3, the relative position of the chuck claw 20 in the rotation direction with respect to the chuck claw mounting member 21 is set so that the chuck claw 20 faces the direction of the axis O1 of the main shaft 2 at the clamp position P1. In this case, the pressing portion 20 a at the tip of the chuck claw 20 is located on the innermost side with respect to the axis O <b> 1 of the main shaft 2. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 7A, the workpiece W having the smallest diameter within the range of the workpiece diameter that can be clamped by the face clamp chuck 8 can be clamped.

  When clamping a workpiece W having a diameter larger than the minimum diameter, the relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw 20 with respect to the chuck claw mounting member 21 is changed, and the orientation of the chuck claw 20 at the clamp position P1 is changed to the axis of the main shaft 2. An angle is given to the heart O1. For example, as shown in FIG. 7B, when the pressing portion 20a at the tip of the chuck claw 20 is positioned on the outermost side with respect to the axis O1 of the main shaft 2 within the range of the abutting surface 34 of the workpiece abutting member 33. The workpiece W having the maximum diameter within the range of the workpiece diameter that can be clamped by the face clamp chuck 8 can be clamped. By setting the direction of the chuck pawl 20 at the clamp position P1 to an arbitrary direction between the direction shown in FIG. 7A and the direction shown in FIG. The workpiece W can be clamped.

  The relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw 20 with respect to the chuck claw mounting member 21 is changed as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 8A, the main shaft 2 (FIG. 1, FIG. 1) is arranged so that the rotational force receiving portion 41 of the chuck pawl 20 to be changed and the rotational force applying member 42 of the tool support 3 face each other. 2) and the rotation index angle of the tool support 3 are adjusted. Then, the tool support 3 is brought close to the face clamp chuck 8, and the rotational force receiving portion 31 is positioned between the pair of operation portions 42 b and 42 c of the rotational force applying member 42.

  In this state, as shown in FIG. 8B, when the tool support 3 is rotated in a certain direction using the function of rotation indexing, a rotational force receiving portion is provided via the operation portion 42b (or 42c). A rotational force around the rotation center O2 of the chuck claw mounting member 21 is applied to 41. As a result, the ridge 37a (FIG. 6) of the attachment hole 37 gets over the ridge 36a (FIG. 6) of the attachment shaft portion 36, and the relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw 20 with respect to the chuck claw attachment member 21 is changed. . When changing the relative position of the chuck claw 20 in the rotation direction, the tool support 3 is rotated in the opposite direction.

  In this way, by changing the relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw 20 with respect to the chuck claw mounting member 21, the turning range of the chuck claw 20 is adjusted with the same turning angle. Thereby, the diameter of the workpiece | work W which can be clamped changes. For this reason, it can respond to the workpiece | work W of a different diameter, without performing a setup change. The change of the relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw 20 with respect to the chuck claw attachment member 21 is performed using the function of the rotation index of the tool support 3, so that a power source for changing the relative position need not be provided separately. Well, the face clamp chuck 8 can be manufactured at low cost. Further, since the relative position may be changed for each chuck claw 20, it is not necessary to provide an interlocking mechanism for interlocking each chuck claw attachment member 21, and the structure is not complicated.

  In the machine tool 1 according to this embodiment, since the spindle 2 is fixed and the tool support 3 is moved to perform machining, the relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw 20 is changed by the operation of the tool support 3. However, when the position of the tool support 3 is fixed and the main shaft 2 moves to perform machining, the relative position in the rotation direction of the chuck claw 20 may be changed by the operation of the main shaft 2. Moreover, depending on the case, you may change the relative position of the rotation direction of the chuck | zipper claw 20 by manual operation.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Machine tool 2 ... Main axis | shaft 3 ... Tool support body 8 ... Face clamp chuck 8a ... Chuck main body 20 ... Chuck claw 21 ... Chuck claw attachment member 41 ... Rotational force receiving part 42 ... Rotational force giving member O1 ... Spindle axis O2 ... Rotation center T ... Tool W ... Workpiece

Claims (2)

A face clamp chuck that is attached to a spindle of a machine tool and clamps a workpiece in the axial direction of the spindle in contact with the surface of the workpiece;
A chuck body provided at the tip of the main shaft;
A chuck claw mounting member which is installed so as to be able to advance and retract in the axial direction of the main shaft with respect to the chuck body and to be rotatable about a rotation center parallel to the main shaft, and which rotates within a range of a predetermined angle as it advances and retreats;
The chuck pawl mounting member is attached to the tip of the chuck pawl mounting member and extends in a direction away from the rotation center of the chuck pawl mounting member, and the tip pivots inward and outward with respect to the main shaft by the rotation of the chuck pawl mounting member. A chuck claw
The chuck jaws, the chuck pawl mounting member relative position in the rotational direction changing rotatably mounted et al is respect, the chuck claws, the chuck by the frictional force generated between the normal state and the chuck claws and the chuck pawl mounting member The relative position in the rotation direction with respect to the claw mounting member is fixed so that the rotational position relative to the chuck claw mounting member is changed. It is the thing,
Face clamp chuck. A machine tool comprising: a main shaft having the face clamp chuck according to claim 1 ; and a tool support for supporting a tool for processing a workpiece supported by the main shaft.
Rotational force receiving portion is set eclipse the chuck jaws, before Symbol tool carrier, said main shaft or of the chuck pawl mounting member relative to said rotating force receiving portion by the operation of a defined the engineering tool support A machine tool provided with a rotational force applying member for applying a rotational force around the rotational center.

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