JP5956773B2 - Relief valve - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a relief valve capable of controlling a relief flow rate at low oil temperature and high oil temperature of relief oil.

  In the conventional relief valve device, there is a two-stage relief valve that can control the hydraulic pressure in two stages by opening the two different relief ports by moving the valve in balance between the hydraulic pressure and the spring load. This type is disclosed in Patent Document 1. Hereinafter, Patent Document 1 will be outlined. In addition, in the following description, the code | symbol attached | subjected to the member uses what was described in patent document 1 as it is.

  In Patent Document 1, the opening diameters of the first communication hole 24 and the second communication hole 25 of the hydraulic control valve 1 for an internal combustion engine are substantially equal to the opening diameters of the first communication hole 11 and the second communication hole 12, respectively. It has become. The ring-shaped member 50 that is movable in the axial direction of the peripheral wall portion 23 is loosely fitted adjacent to the thermowax 40 so as to be integrated with the thermowax 40. The ring-shaped member 50 has a first communication hole 51 having an opening diameter substantially the same as that of the first communication hole 11. The thermowax 40 and the ring-shaped member 50 are determined so that the first communication hole 51 is substantially coincident with the first communication hole 11 and the first communication hole 24 at 80 ° C.

  As the temperature of the oil increases, the position of the first communication hole 51 shifts from the first communication hole 11 and the first communication hole 24. Accordingly, the opening area of the first communication hole 11 and the first communication hole 24 increases. It is squeezed by the ring-shaped member 50 and becomes smaller. Therefore, when the temperature of the oil is high, the oil passage resistance increases, and as a result, the hydraulic pressure increases.

JP-A-5-195743

  The problem which patent document 1 has is described. In the invention of Patent Document 1, the peripheral wall portion 23 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the valve 70. A ring-shaped member 50 and a stopper 60 are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the peripheral wall portion 23. Further, the main body 10 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the ring-shaped member 50 and the stopper 60. That is, three layers of walls are disposed on the outer peripheral side of the valve 70.

  Since the diameter of the valve 70 is determined by a comparison between the hydraulic pressure and the spring load of the spring 80, the diameter is determined to some extent, and the diameter cannot be reduced unnecessarily. Therefore, the configuration of Patent Document 1 is such that the outer diameter is increased by the amount of three layers of walls, which is against the demand for space saving. An object of the present invention (technical problem to be solved) is to reduce unnecessary work of an oil pump at a low oil temperature, to improve fuel consumption, to prevent an increase in pump size, and to achieve space saving. It is in.

  In view of the above, the inventor has intensively and intensively studied to solve the above-described problems. As a result, the invention of claim 1 is defined as a hollow chamber in which only the rear end in the axial direction is opened and an inflow opening is formed, and an inner periphery of the hollow chamber. And a valve body having a relief hole communicating with the outer circumference in the diametrical direction and a flow rate changing means for changing the flow rate of the hollow chamber, and the axial direction rear end portion where the valve body is disposed A relief inflow portion on the side and a first relief port at a position spaced apart from the position of the relief hole of the valve body in the initial stop state from the rear end side along the moving direction of the valve body, and A valve passage having a second relief port located on the rear end side of the relief hole, and a spring for pressing the valve body toward the relief inflow portion of the valve passage. Located in the hollow chamber, the flow rate is reduced at high oil temperature. The flow rate change means is controlled to increase the flow rate when the oil temperature is low, and the flow rate changing means includes a sensor casing portion for detecting temperature, a flow rate adjusting shaft that enters and exits from the sensor casing portion, and an axial middle of the hollow chamber. And a flow rate adjusting opening formed at a position rearward in the axial direction from the relief hole, and an indoor flow passage is formed between the hollow chamber and the sensor casing. The flow rate adjusting shaft of the temperature sensor is a relief valve that is in a non-free insertion state in the flow rate adjustment opening at low oil temperature and is in a loose insertion state in the flow rate adjustment opening at high oil temperature. Solved the problem.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the flow rate changing means as the temperature sensor is a relief valve in which a flow rate adjusting shaft is projected by wax filled in the sensor casing. The above-mentioned problem was solved.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the fixing means between the hollow chamber of the valve housing portion and the sensor housing portion of the flow rate changing means used as the temperature sensor is the sensor housing portion. A radial rib piece is formed on the outer periphery of the gas pipe, the rib piece is press-fitted and fixed to the hollow chamber, and a relief valve is formed as a gap between the hollow chamber and the sensor housing portion as the indoor flow passage. Solved the problem.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the valve body has a hollow chamber having an inflow opening that is open at the rear end in the axial direction, and a relief housing that communicates the inner and outer circumferences of the hollow chamber in the diametrical direction. And a flow rate changing means for changing the flow rate provided in the hollow chamber. Further, the valve passage in which the valve body is disposed has a relief inflow portion on the rear side in the axial direction, and the moving direction of the valve body from the position of the relief hole of the valve body in the initial stop state from the relief inflow portion. A first relief port is formed at a position spaced along the first and second relief ports, and a second relief port is positioned on the rear side of the relief hole. The valve body is disposed in the valve passage and is pressed against the relief inflow portion by a spring.

  The flow rate changing means serves to control to decrease the flow rate in the hollow chamber at high oil temperature and to increase the flow rate in the hollow chamber at low oil temperature. Therefore, the oil flowing into the valve passage from the relief inflow portion moves the valve body to the front side of the valve passage against the pressing force of the spring when the relief pressure exceeds a certain level, and the relief hole of the valve body and the valve passage Relief is started at a position where the first relief port matches. At this time, the flow rate changing means built in the valve body increases the oil passage area when the oil temperature is low, so that the oil from the relief hole easily flows and the flow rate increases.

  Therefore, even if the oil has a low temperature and a high viscosity, the flow rate can be secured by the flow rate changing means, the waste work of the oil pump can be reduced, and the fuel efficiency can be improved. In addition, the pump size can be reduced. Furthermore, the flow rate changing means is built in the valve body to prevent the relief valve from becoming large, and this can also achieve space saving. Further, in the valve passage, since the second relief port is located behind the position of the relief hole of the valve body in the initial stop state, when the relief pressure further increases, it is the same as the normal relief valve In addition, the relief can be made directly from the second relief port without the flow rate changing means. Therefore, even if the flow rate changing means does not perform its function, the relief function is ensured.

Further, in the first aspect of the present invention, the flow rate changing means is a flow rate formed at the axially intermediate position of the flow rate adjusting shaft that goes in and out of the sensor housing portion and the hollow chamber and in the axially rear side of the relief hole. By adopting a temperature sensor composed of the adjustment opening, the flow rate changing means can be easily mounted on the valve body with the simplest structure. In the invention of claim 2, since the flow rate changing means as the temperature sensor has a structure in which the flow rate adjusting shaft is moved in and out by wax filled in the sensor casing, the flow rate changing means is the most reliable. It can be made with some structure. In the invention of claim 3, the indoor flow passage can be secured with a very simple configuration.

(A) is a longitudinal side view of the present invention, and (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow Y1-Y1 in (A). (A) is a longitudinal side view of the valve body, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow X1-X1 in (A), (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow X2-X2 in (A), and (D) is a cross-sectional view of the valve body. The side view of a front-end | tip part, (E) is a perspective view which used the flow volume change means as the temperature sensor. It is the schematic which integrated this invention in the oil distribution circuit of the engine. (A) is a vertical side view of the valve body showing the state of the flow rate changing means at a low oil temperature, and (B) is a vertical side view of the valve body showing the state of the flow rate changing means at a high oil temperature. (A) is a longitudinal side view showing the positional relationship between the valve passage and the valve body in the middle rotation region in the present invention, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow Y2-Y2 at the time of low oil temperature in (A), and (C) is It is a Y2-Y2 arrow sectional view at the time of high oil temperature of (A). It is a vertical side view which shows the state in which relief is performed directly from the 2nd relief port in a high rotation area. It is the graph which compared the characteristic of this invention and the prior art.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention mainly includes a valve element A, a valve passage 4, a spring 5, and the like. The valve body A is disposed in the valve passage 4 and is movable in the axial direction thereof. Here, the axial direction indicating the direction is the direction in which the valve body A moves. In the valve passage 4, the direction along the moving direction of the valve body A is referred to as the axial direction of the valve passage 4. The directions of the other constituent members are also based on the axial direction described above.

  The valve body A is composed of the valve housing part 1 and the flow rate changing means 2. The valve housing part 1 is made of metal, and is specifically formed from an iron alloy. The valve housing part 1 has a front end part 12 formed on the front end side in the axial direction of a cylindrical outer peripheral side surface 11 and a rear end part 13 formed on the rear end side in the axial direction (see FIG. 2A). .

  The said front-end | tip part 12 is a site | part used as the front-end | tip when the valve body A moves under the pressure of relief oil. A step portion 11a is formed in a portion of the outer peripheral side surface 11 closer to the tip portion 12 side, and a portion of the outer peripheral side surface 11 closer to the tip portion 12 side is slightly reduced in diameter [FIG. (See (D)). The step portion 11a is a portion that is elastically pressed by a spring 5 described later.

  A hollow chamber 14 is formed inside the valve housing 1 [see FIGS. 2A and 2C]. The hollow chamber 14 is a portion into which relief oil flows, and is formed as a substantially cylindrical gap. In the hollow chamber 14, only the rear end portion 13 side of the valve housing portion 1 is opened, and this open portion is referred to as an inflow opening portion 14a (see FIG. 2A). The inflow opening 14 a is a part into which relief oil flows into the hollow chamber 14. Moreover, it becomes an insertion port for mounting | wearing with the flow volume change means 2 mentioned later. Moreover, the axial direction front-end | tip part 12 side of the hollow chamber 14 is a closed structure.

  A relief hole 15 penetrating from the inner peripheral side surface 14b of the hollow chamber 14 of the valve casing portion 1 to the outer peripheral side surface 11 of the valve casing portion 1 along the diameter direction (including substantially the diameter direction) is formed. See FIG. 2 (A), (C), (D), etc.]. A plurality of relief holes 15 are formed along the circumferential direction at the same position in the axial direction of the valve housing portion 1. In the embodiment of the present invention, the relief holes 15 are formed opposite to each other in the diametrical direction so as to be at both ends of the outer peripheral side surface 11 in the diametrical direction (see FIG. 2C).

  Further, a relief groove 11b having a groove width equal to or larger than the diameter of the relief hole 15 is formed along the circumferential direction so as to pass through the plurality of relief holes 15, 15,. The relief oil discharged from the relief holes 15, 15,... Flows into the relief groove 11b. And relief oil can be sent into this 1st relief port 41 by the relief groove 11b and the 1st relief port 41 mentioned below communicating. The hollow chamber 14 of the valve body A is provided with a flow rate adjusting opening 23 constituting the flow rate changing means 2 described later.

  The flow rate changing means 2 is attached to the hollow chamber 14 of the valve housing 1 and serves to adjust the flow rate of the relief oil flowing into the hollow chamber 14 and discharge it from the relief holes 15, 15. As an embodiment of the flow rate changing means 2, there is a temperature sensor [see FIG. 2 (E)]. The flow rate changing means 2 as a temperature sensor is composed of a sensor casing 21, a flow rate adjusting shaft 22, and a flow rate adjusting opening 23 (see FIG. 2A).

  An indoor flow passage 3 is formed between the sensor casing 21 and the hollow chamber 14 of the valve casing 1 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B). In the indoor flow passage 3, a gap is provided between the inner peripheral side surface 14 b of the hollow chamber 14 and the outer surface of the sensor housing portion 21, and this gap is used. And the relief oil which flows in from the inflow opening part 14a of the hollow chamber 14 passes the indoor flow path 3, flows in into the flow volume adjustment opening part 23, and is outside the valve housing part 1 from the relief holes 15, 15,. Discharged.

  The indoor flow passage 3 has various constituent means. Specifically, radial rib pieces 21a, 21a,... Are formed on the outer periphery of the sensor housing portion 21 [see FIG. ]. The tip of each of the rib pieces 21a, 21a,... Is in a state in which the sensor casing 21 is press-fitted into the hollow chamber 14 or fixed by a clip or the like, and the inner circumferential side surface 14b of the hollow chamber 14 and the rib pieces 21a, 21a,. A gap is formed between ... This gap is used as the indoor flow passage 3 (see FIGS. 2A and 2B). Although not particularly illustrated, a disk-shaped portion may be formed on the outer periphery of the sensor housing portion 21, a plurality of through holes may be formed in the disk-shaped portion, and the through holes may be used as the indoor flow passage 3. Good.

  The flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is configured to enter and exit from the sensor casing 21. The sensor casing 21 is provided with temperature detecting / exiting means 24 for detecting the temperature and allowing the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 to enter and exit. As a specific embodiment of the temperature detection means 24, a wax that expands and contracts depending on the temperature is used.

  The wax is filled and sealed in the sensor housing part 21, and the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is moved in and out of the sensor housing part 21 by expansion and contraction of the wax. Further, the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is slightly protruded from the sensor casing 21 even when it is most in the sensor casing 21 (see FIGS. 2A and 2E).

  When the wax (temperature detection input / output means 24) of the sensor casing 21 becomes high temperature, the volume expands and the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 protrudes from the sensor casing 21. Further, when the wax (temperature detection input / output means 24) becomes low temperature, the wax contracts and the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is pulled into the sensor casing 21. The temperature detecting / exiting means may be mechanical and electrical means other than wax. Further, when the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is pulled into the sensor casing 21 at a low temperature, a spring may be installed and pulled by the spring force.

  The flow rate adjustment opening 23 is provided in the axial direction of the valve casing 1 on the rear side of the relief hole 15 (see FIG. 2A). Specifically, the relief hole 15 is formed in the vicinity of the distal end side in the axial direction of the valve housing portion 1, and the flow rate adjusting opening 23 is formed at a substantially intermediate position in the axial direction. The flow rate adjusting opening 23 is a through hole formed at the center of the diameter of the partition wall 23 a formed as an annular wall member formed along the inner peripheral side surface of the hollow chamber 14. Therefore, the inner diameter of the flow rate adjusting opening 23 is smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow chamber 14. Further, the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is connected to the sensor casing 21 at a low temperature.

  The hollow chamber 14 is divided into two chambers by a partition wall portion 23 a of the flow rate adjusting opening 23, and a partition wall is provided between the inflow opening 14 a of the hollow chamber 14 and the relief hole 15. A flow rate adjusting opening 23 having a portion 23a is present [see FIG. 2 (A)]. The axial length of the flow rate adjusting opening 23 is determined by the thickness of the partition wall 23a. That is, the axial length of the flow rate adjusting opening 23 is formed by the partition wall 23a having an appropriate thickness.

  As described above, the temperature detection opening / closing means 24 enters and exits the flow rate adjusting opening 23 from the sensor housing portion 21, and the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 enters the loose insertion state or the non-loose insertion state. The shaft diameter D of the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is smaller than the inner diameter H of the flow rate adjusting opening 23. In the state where the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is loosely inserted into the flow rate adjusting opening 23, the effective opening area of the flow rate adjusting opening 23 is reduced, and only the gap between the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 and the flow rate adjusting opening 23 can flow. It becomes an opening. This gap is referred to as a communication gap J. As a result, the flow rate adjusting shaft 23 is opened in the state where the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is not loosely inserted into the flow rate adjusting opening 23 (see FIG. 4A) and in the state where the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is loosely inserted (see FIG. 4B). The area is changed to large or small, and therefore the flow rate of the relief oil is also changed to large or small.

  That is, when the flow rate adjustment shaft 22 is not inserted into the flow rate adjustment opening 23, the flow rate adjustment opening 23 is fully opened, the oil flow increases, and the amount of relief oil discharged from the relief hole 15 increases. See FIG. 4 (A)]. Further, when the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 is loosely inserted into the flow rate adjusting opening 23, the oil flows through the communication gap J that is extremely narrower than the flow rate adjusting opening 23 in the fully open state, so that the oil flow is reduced [FIG. )reference〕.

  Next, the valve passage 4 is formed as a tunnel-like hollow passage, and is a part where the valve body A is disposed so as to be movable in the axial direction, and is integrally formed with a body 9 such as a pump housing. (See FIGS. 1 and 3). The body 9 is made of aluminum alloy, iron alloy, resin, etc., and has a built-in pump P composed of an internal gear such as a rotor, an external gear, etc., and a suction port is formed on the upstream side of the discharge source, A discharge port is formed on the downstream side of the discharge source.

  The body 9 is incorporated in a circuit 7 supplied to the engine and other components 8 (see FIG. 3). The oil that has exited the discharge port is supplied to the engine and other components 8. The relief valve of the present invention is provided downstream of the discharge port. A relief inflow portion 43 communicating with the downstream of the discharge port is provided on the rear end portion 4a side in the axial direction of the valve passage 4 (see FIG. 1).

  A first relief port 41 and a second relief port 42 are formed in the axially intermediate portion of the valve passage 4. The first relief port 41 is formed at a position separated from the rear end portion 4a of the valve passage 4 along the moving direction of the valve body A rather than the position of the relief hole 15 of the valve body A in the initial stop state. Yes. Further, the second relief port 42 is located on the rear end part 4a side from the position of the relief hole 15 of the valve body A in the initial stop state from the rear end part 4a of the valve passage 4 (see FIG. 1).

  That is, the longer relief distance from the relief inflow portion 43 of the valve passage 4 is the first relief port 41 and is formed in a substantially small circular shape. The shorter relief distance from the relief inflow portion 43 is the second relief port 42, which is formed in a substantially large square shape. The initial stop state of the valve body A is a state where the relief operation is not performed and the rear end portion 13 of the valve body A is in contact with the rear end portion 4a side of the valve passage 4 and is stopped by the spring 5. is there.

  In the valve passage 4, the valve body A is pressed to the rear end 4 a side of the valve passage 4, that is, the relief inflow portion 43 side via the spring 5. Specifically, a compression coil spring is used as the spring 5, and the step portion 11 a near the distal end portion 12 side of the valve body A is mounted so as to be inserted into the spring 5. The sealing bolt 6 is attached to the axial end of the valve passage 4 while the sealing bolt 6 is attached to the other axial end of the spring 5.

  Next, the operation of the present invention will be described based on the graph of FIG. In the graph of FIG. 7, the line indicating the characteristics of the present invention is indicated by a thick solid line. The dotted line indicates the characteristics of the prior art at a high oil temperature, and the alternate long and short dash line indicates the characteristics of the prior art at a low oil temperature. First, the operation of the engine will be described for each of the low rotation, middle rotation, and high rotation regions. First, when the engine speed N is in a low speed range (less than about 1000 rpm) and the oil is at a low temperature, when the speed N gradually increases in the low speed range, the relief pressure rises and oil flows from the relief inflow portion 43. Flows in, presses the valve body A, exceeds the elastic force of the spring 5, and the valve body A starts moving from the initial stop state.

  Next, in a region where the engine speed N is medium rotation (about 1000 rpm to about 3500 rpm), the flow rate changing means 2 provided in the valve body A works. The valve body A is moved by the pressure of the relief oil, and the positions of the relief holes 15, 15,... And the first relief port 41 of the valve passage 4 coincide with each other and communicate with each other. Here, the flow rate changing means 2 operates.

  First, when the oil temperature is low in the middle rotation region, the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 of the flow rate changing means 2 serving as a temperature sensor is drawn into the sensor housing portion 21, and the flow rate adjusting opening portion 23 is in a fully open state and is relieved. The opening area through which oil passes is maximized. As a result, the relief amount increases when the oil temperature is low in the middle rotation region (see FIG. 4A).

  Further, when the oil temperature is high in the middle rotation region, the flow rate adjusting shaft 22 of the flow rate changing means 2 protrudes from the sensor housing portion 21 and is loosely inserted into the flow rate adjusting opening 23. As a result, the oil flows only through the communication gap J formed between the flow rate adjusting opening 23 and the flow rate adjusting shaft 22, and the amount of relief is reduced. Thus, the relief amount is increased at low oil temperature in the middle rotation region, the relief amount is reduced at high oil temperature in the middle rotation region, and even if the viscosity decreases due to the temperature rise of the relief oil, It is possible to prevent the relief amount from rapidly increasing and maintain a stable relief state.

  In the high rotation range (about 3500 rpm or more), the relief pressure from the relief inflow portion 43 further increases, and the valve body A is pressed until the rear end portion 13 of the valve body A exceeds the second relief port 42, and directly from the second relief port 42. Perform a relief operation. In the apparatus of the prior art, the oil pressure increases quickly at low oil temperature in the middle rotation region, but the present invention can achieve hydraulic characteristics close to those at high oil temperature even at low oil temperature. In other words, the hydraulic pressure does not increase so much when viewed at the same rotation speed, thereby reducing unnecessary work, thereby improving the fuel efficiency.

A ... valve body, 1 ... valve housing, 14 ... hollow chamber, 14a ... inflow opening, 15 ... relief hole,
2 ... Flow rate changing means, 21 ... Sensor casing, 21a ... Rib piece, 22 ... Flow rate adjusting shaft,
23 ... Flow rate adjusting opening, 4 ... Valve passage, 41 ... First relief port, 42 ... Second relief port,
43 ... Relief inflow part, 5 ... Spring.

Claims (3)

A valve housing portion having a hollow chamber whose inflow opening is opened only at the rear end in the axial direction, and a relief hole that communicates the inner periphery and outer periphery of the hollow chamber in the diametrical direction, and changes the flow rate of the hollow chamber. A valve body comprising a flow rate changing means, and a position of the relief hole of the valve body when the valve body is disposed and having a relief inflow portion on the axial rear end side and in an initial stop state from the rear end side A valve passage having a first relief port at a position farther away in the moving direction of the valve body and a second relief port located on the rear end side than the relief hole, and the valve It comprises a spring that presses the body toward the relief inflow portion of the valve passage, and the flow rate changing means is disposed in the hollow chamber so as to decrease the flow rate at high oil temperature and increase the flow rate at low oil temperature. controlled to the flow rate changing means, to detect the temperature A temperature-sensitive sensor comprising a sensor casing, a flow rate adjusting shaft that enters and exits from the sensor casing, and a flow rate adjusting opening that is formed at an axially intermediate position of the hollow chamber and axially rearward of the relief hole. And an indoor flow passage is formed between the hollow chamber and the sensor casing, and the flow rate adjusting shaft of the temperature sensor is in a non-free insertion state in the flow rate adjusting opening at a low oil temperature, relief valve, characterized by comprising a loosely inserted state to the flow rate adjusting opening when high oil temperature. 2. The relief valve according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate changing means serving as the temperature sensor has a flow rate adjusting shaft protruding by wax filled in the sensor casing. 3. The fixing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixing means between the hollow chamber of the valve casing and the sensor casing of the flow rate changing means serving as the temperature sensor is a radial rib on the outer periphery of the sensor casing. A relief valve characterized in that a piece is formed, the rib piece is press-fitted and fixed in the hollow chamber, and a gap between the hollow chamber and the sensor housing portion serves as the indoor flow passage.

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