JP5954217B2 - リチウムイオン電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5954217B2 JP5954217B2 JP2013030591A JP2013030591A JP5954217B2 JP 5954217 B2 JP5954217 B2 JP 5954217B2 JP 2013030591 A JP2013030591 A JP 2013030591A JP 2013030591 A JP2013030591 A JP 2013030591A JP 5954217 B2 JP5954217 B2 JP 5954217B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lithium ion
- battery
- positive electrode
- ion battery
- negative electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 64
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 64
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 20
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Description
図1は、本発明のリチウムイオン電池の一実施形態の内部構造を模式的に示している。リチウムイオン電池とは、非水電解質中における電極へのイオンの吸蔵・放出により、電気エネルギーを貯蔵・利用可能とする電気化学デバイスである。
(実施例1)
以下の手順に従い、リチウムイオン電池を作製した。
実施例1の添加剤と添加量のみを変更し、他の仕様を同一とした電池B6、B7、B8、B9、B10、B11、B12、B13、B14を作製した。添加剤は表1に示したA2〜A10を用い、それぞれの添加量は表2の実施例2の欄に記した。
実施例2の電池B8において、正極の表面に、添加剤A11をヘキサンに溶解させた溶液(濃度1重量%)を塗布し、60℃の真空下にて正極を乾燥した。その後、正極重量の増量分から添加剤A11の量を計算した。その添加量は、電解液重量に対して1重量%になるようにした。また、電解液には添加剤A4を添加して、リチウムイオン電池を作製した。添加剤A4の添加量は1重量%とした。その他の仕様は、実施例2の電池B8と同一とした。本実施例のリチウムイオン電池は、B15とした。
実施例2の電池B8において、正極の表面に、添加剤A12をヘキサンに溶解させた溶液(濃度1重量%)を塗布し、60℃の真空下にて正極を乾燥した。その後、正極重量の増量分から添加剤A12の量を計算した。その添加量は、電解液重量に対して1重量%になるようにした。また、電解液には添加剤A4を添加して、リチウムイオン電池を作製した。添加剤A4の添加量は1重量%とした。その他の仕様は、実施例2の電池B8と同一とした。本実施例のリチウムイオン電池は、B16とした。
実施例1で作製した正極及び負極と、添加剤を用いない電解液とを用いて、リチウムイオン電池B21を製作した。初期容量は定格容量に等しかったが、過充電終了時の到達温度が高くなった。
実施例1で用いた添加剤A1の量を10重量%に増加させ、他の仕様を変更しないで、リチウムイオン電池B22を作製した。電池を評価した結果、過充電終了時の電池表面温度は低くなり、添加剤による過充電抑止効果が得られた。一方で、初期容量は若干低下した。電解液の抵抗が増大したためと考えられる。
実施例3の電池B15のサイズを増大させ、50Ahの角型リチウムイオン電池2個を作製し、図2に示すような電池システムを構築した。図2の電池システムでは、リチウムイオン電池201a、201bを直列に接続している。
102 電池容器
103 蓋
104 正極外部端子
105 負極外部端子
106 注液口
107 正極
108 負極
109 セパレータ
110 正極リード線
111 負極リード線
112 絶縁性シール材料
201a リチウムイオン電池
201b リチウムイオン電池
202 電池容器
204 正極外部端子
205 負極外部端子
206 注液口
207 正極
208 負極
209 セパレータ
212 絶縁性シール材料
213 電力ケーブル
214 電力ケーブル
215 電力ケーブル
216 充放電制御器
217 電力ケーブル
218 電力ケーブル
219 外部機器
220 電力ケーブル
221 電力ケーブル
222 発電装置
Claims (6)
- 添加剤の少なくとも一つのリンに含酸素官能基が結合し、前記含酸素官能基が結合するリン以外のリンにハロゲンが結合している請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン電池。
- 含酸素官能基がアルコキシ基である請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン電池。
- アルコキシ基の水素の一部又は全部がハロゲンに置換されている請求項3に記載のリチウムイオン電池。
- 正極と、負極と、電解液とを有し、添加剤の添加量が、電解液に対して0.1重量%〜5重量%である請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン電池。
- 一以上の請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン電池と、外部機器とを接続してなる電池システム。
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