JP5952263B2 - ジンクフィンガーヌクレアーゼを使ったrosa遺伝子座のゲノム編集 - Google Patents
ジンクフィンガーヌクレアーゼを使ったrosa遺伝子座のゲノム編集 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2010年4月26日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/343,287号の利益を主張する。本仮出願の開示は、参照によってその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
該当なし。
本開示は、体細胞遺伝子および遺伝性遺伝子の挿入/破壊、ゲノム変化、ランダム変異を有する対立遺伝子の生成、および/またはトランスジーンのRosa遺伝子座への挿入、等のゲノムエンジニアリングの分野に関する。
Rosa遺伝子産物は、成長の全段階で広範に発現する。従って、この遺伝子座は、内在性または導入プロモーターにより内在性配列を発現させる目的、および、例えば、胚性幹細胞由来の遺伝子導入マウスを生成する目的で広く使用されている。例えば、Strathdee et al.(2006)PLoS ONE、Issue 1、e4;Nyabi et al.(2009)Nucl.Acids.Res.37:e55、を参照。
本明細書では、Rosa遺伝子座への標的挿入のための組成物および方法が開示される。本明細書記載の組成物および方法は、ゲノム編集に使用可能であり、限定されないが、次記を含む:1つまたは複数の遺伝子中の標的変化(挿入、欠失および/または置換変異)を生ずる動物細胞中の1つまたは複数の遺伝子の切断(これらの標的変化の生殖系列への組込みを含む);非内在性核酸配列、動物中の1つまたは複数の遺伝子の部分的または完全不活性化の標的導入;相同指向修復、遺伝子導入動物(例えば、げっ歯類)の生成および/または動物遺伝子の新規対立遺伝子型をコードするランダム変異の生成を誘導する方法。
本明細書では、(例えば、マウス、ラットまたはウサギ等の小哺乳動物で)例えば、遺伝子の切断;例えば、切断に続いて外因性配列の挿入(物理的挿入または相同指向修復を介した複製による挿入)および/または切断に続いて非相同末端結合(NHEJ)による遺伝子の変化;1つまたは複数の遺伝子の部分的または完全な不活性化;内在性遺伝子の改変発現を作るためのランダム変異を有する対立遺伝子の生成;等および生殖系列中に運び込まれたゲノムの変化、におけるゲノム編集のための組成物と方法が記載されている。また、標的動物(例えば、小哺乳動物)細胞中の例えば、1つまたは複数の遺伝子を編集する(変える)ために、これらの組成物(試薬)を製造し使用する方法が開示されている。従って、本明細書記載の方法および組成物は、標的遺伝子変化(例えば、ノックイン)および/または1つまたは複数の遺伝子のノックアウト(部分的または完全)のための、および/または任意の標的対立遺伝子配列のランダム変異のための非常に効率的な方法を提供し、従って、ヒト疾患の動物モデルの生成を可能とする。
方法の実施、ならびに本明細書で開示の組成物の調製と使用には、別段の指示がなければ、分子生物学、生化学、クロマチン構造および分析、計算化学、細胞培養、組換えDNAならびに当該技術分野内の関連分野における従来の技術を採用している。これらの技術は文献中で完全に説明されている。例えば、Sambrook et al.MOLECULAR CLONING:A LABORATORY MANUAL、Second edition、Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press、1989 and Third edition、2001;Ausubel et al.、CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY、John Wiley & Sons、New York、1987 and periodic updates;the series METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY、Academic Press、San Diego;Wolffe、CHROMATIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION、Third edition、Academic Press、San Diego、1998;METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY、Vol.304、“Chromatin”(P.M.Wassarman and A.P.Wolffe、eds.)、Academic Press、San Diego、1999;and METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY、Vol.119、“Chromatin Protocols”(P.B.Becker、ed.)Humana Press、Totowa、1999、を参照。
用語の「核酸」、「ポリヌクレオチド」、および「オリゴヌクレオチド」は、同義に使用され、直鎖または環状構造、および単鎖または二重鎖型のデオキシリボヌクレオチドまたはリボヌクレオチドポリマーを指す。本開示の目的のためには、これらの用語は、ポリマーの長さに関して制限するものと解釈されるべきではない。この用語は、天然ヌクレオチドの類似体、ならびに塩基、糖および/またはリン酸塩成分が改変されているヌクレオチド(例えば、ホスホロチオエートバックボーン)の既知の類似体を包含し得る。一般的に、特定のヌクレオチドの類似体は、同じ塩基対形成特異性を有し、すなわち、Aの類似体は、Tと塩基対を形成する。
本明細書では、1つまたは複数のRosa遺伝子のゲノム編集(例えば、切断、変化、不活性化および/またはランダム変異)に使用できるジンクフィンガーヌクレアーゼ(ZFN)が記載されている。ZFNは、ジンクフィンガータンパク質(ZFP)およびヌクレアーゼ(切断)ドメイン(例えば、切断ハーフドメイン)を含む。
ジンクフィンガー結合ドメインは、選択配列に結合するように操作できる。例えば、Beerli et al.(2002)Nature Biotechnol.20:135−141;Pabo et al.(2001)Ann.Rev.Biochem.70:313−340;Isalan et al.(2001)Nature Biotechnol.19:656−660;Segal et al.(2001)Curr.Opin.Biotechnol.12:632−637;Choo et al.(2000)Curr.Opin.Struct.Biol.10:411−416、を参照。操作されたジンクフィンガー結合ドメインは、天然ジンクフィンガータンパク質に比べて新規結合特異性を持つことができる。操作方法には、限定されないが、合理的な設計および種々のタイプの選択が含まれる。合理的な設計には、例えば、トリプレット(またはクアドルプレット)ヌクレオチド配列および個別ジンクフィンガーアミノ酸配列を含むデータベースの使用を含み、この場合、各トリプレットまたはクアドルプレットヌクレオチド配列が、特定のトリプレットまたはクアドルプレット配列と結合するジンクフィンガーの1つまたは複数のアミノ酸配列と会合している。例えば、共有米国特許第6,453,242号および同6,534,261号、を参照。これらは、参照によってその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
ZFNは、また、ヌクレアーゼ(切断ドメイン、切断ハーフドメイン)を含む。本明細書に開示の融合タンパク質の切断ドメイン部分は、任意のエンドヌクレアーゼまたはエキソヌクレアーゼから得ることができる。切断ドメインが得られる代表的エンドヌクレアーゼには、限定されないが、制限エンドヌクレアーゼおよびホーミングエンドヌクレアーゼが含まれる。例えば、2002−2003カタログ、New England Biolabs、Beverly、MA;およびBelfort et al.(1997)Nucleic Acids Res.25:3379−3388、を参照。DNAを切断するさらなる酵素が知られている(例えば、S1ヌクレアーゼ;マングビーンヌクレアーゼ;膵臓DNアーゼI;小球菌ヌクレアーゼ;酵母HOエンドヌクレアーゼ;また、Linn et al.(eds.)Nucleases、Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press、1993、を参照)。1つまたは複数のこれらの酵素(またはその機能性断片)が、切断ドメインおよび切断ハーフドメインのソースとして使用できる。
任意のRosa遺伝子中に標的部位を有するいずれかのヌクレアーゼは、本明細書で開示の方法に使用可能である。例えば、ホーミングエンドヌクレアーゼおよびメガヌクレアーゼは、非常に長い認識配列を有し、その内の一部は、統計的原則に基づくと、ヒト大のゲノム中に1回は存在する可能性がある。Rosa遺伝子中に標的部位を有するこのようなヌクレアーゼのいずれかは、ジンクフィンガーヌクレアーゼの代わりに、またはそれに追加して、標的切断の目的で使用可能である。
本明細書記載のZFNは、例えば、ZFN mRNAの注入等のいずれかの適切な手段により標的細胞に送達可能である。Hammerschmidt et al.(1999)Methods Cell Biol.59:87−115、を参照のこと。
開示された方法と組成物は、いずれのRosa遺伝子または複数遺伝子のゲノム編集にも使用可能である。ある特定の応用では、この方法と組成物は、ゲノムRosa配列の不活化に使用できる。他の応用では、この方法と組成物は、未編集遺伝子またはヒト化遺伝子の組込みに比較して、異なる発現を有する新規対立遺伝子型の遺伝子の生成を含む、ランダム変異の生成を可能とし、これが、次に、動物モデルの生成を可能とする。他の応用では、この方法と組成物は、遺伝子の決められた位置でのランダム変異を生成するため使用でき、これにより、新規対立遺伝子型のそれらの遺伝子を有する動物の同定または選択が可能となる。他の応用では、この方法と組成物は、外因性の(ドナー)配列の任意のゲノムの選択領域、例えば、マウスまたはラットRosa遺伝子中への標的組込みを可能とする。調節配列(例えば、プロモーター)を、標的の手法で対象部位に組み込むことができる。「組込み」は、(例えば、宿主細胞のゲノム中への)物理的挿入および、核酸複製プロセスを介したドナー配列の宿主細胞ゲノム中への複写による組込みの両方が意図される。ドナー配列は、また、核酸、例えば、shRNA、miRNA等を含んでもよい。これらの小分子核酸ドナーは、ゲノム内の対象遺伝子に与えるそれらの効果を調査するために使用できる。追加の対象ドナー配列は、疾患モデルに関連するタンパク質をコードするヒト遺伝子であってもよい。このような遺伝子の非制限的例には、ヒト因子VIIIおよびヒト因子IXが含まれる。従って、これらの遺伝子のRosa遺伝子座中への挿入が、研究者がこれらタンパク質をより詳細にインビボで調査することを可能とする。動物遺伝子のゲノム編集(例えば、不活性化、組込みおよび/または標的またはランダム変異)は、例えば、単一切断イベント、切断に続く非相同末端結合、切断に続く相同指向修復機序、切断に続くドナー配列の物理的組込み、2つの部位の切断に続く2つの切断部位間の配列削除のための結合、ミスセンスまたは非センスコドンのコード領域中への標的組換え、遺伝子または調節領域を破壊するための無関係の配列(すなわち、「詰め物(stuffer)」配列)の遺伝子またはその調節領域中への標的組換え、または転写物のミススプライシングを起こすためのスプライス受容体配列のイントロン中への標的組換え、により達成可能である。米国特許公開第20030232410号;同20050208489号;同20050026157号;同20050064474号;同20060188987号;同20060063231号;および国際公開第07/014275号、を参照のこと。これらの開示は、参照によってその全体が組み込まれる。
また、NotIおよびPmeI RFLP部位のラットゲノムのrRosa26領域への標的組込み用にプラスミドも構築した。プラスミドの設計および構築については、上記した。rRosa26相同性領域の増幅に使用したPCRプライマー対を表1に示す。
マウスRosa26の表示標的部位を標的にしたジンクフィンガー設計を表4と5に示す。ZFP認識ヘリックスにより接触される標的部位中のヌクレオチドを大文字、非接触ヌクレオチドを小文字で示す。
次のオリゴヌクレオチドを使って作ったPCR産物のクローニングによりRosaドナーを構築した:527bp左アームに対しては、PCR用に使用したオリゴヌクレオチドは、5’−ggc tcg agt gag tca tca gac ttc taa gat cag g−3’(配列番号31);413bp左アームドナーに対しては、逆方向プライマー5’−ctg aat tcg aat ggg cgg gag tct tct ggg ca−3’(配列番号33)と組み合わせた5’−ggc tcg agt ttt gat aag gct gca gaa g−3’(配列番号32)であった。
Claims (24)
- ヌクレアーゼおよび操作されたジンクフィンガーDNA結合ドメインを含む融合タンパク質であって、前記操作されたジンクフィンガーDNA結合ドメインが、ラットRosa遺伝子内の標的部位に結合し、そして前記操作されたジンクフィンガーDNA結合ドメインが、N末端からC末端にかけて、F1からF4、F1からF5、又はF1からF6の順番で示される4つ、5つ又は6つのジンクフィンガーDNA認識領域を含み、そしてさらに、前記操作されたジンクフィンガーDNA結合ドメインが:
(i)
F1:RSDHLSE(配列番号48);
F2:RSAALAR(配列番号49);
F3:RSDHLST(配列番号50);
F4:QNAHRIT(配列番号51);及び
F5:RSAVLSE(配列番号52);
(ii)
F1:QSGDLTR(配列番号17);
F2:TSGSLTR(配列番号18);
F3:RSANLTR(配列番号42);
F4:RSDHLTK(配列番号45);及び
F5:NSDHLSR(配列番号46);
(iii)
F1:QSGDLTR(配列番号17);
F2:RSDNLTR(配列番号58);
F3:RSDNLSE(配列番号21);
F4:QNAHRKT(配列番号22);
F5:RSDHLSE(配列番号48);及び
F6:TSSTRKT(配列番号59);
(iv)
F1:TSGNLTR(配列番号60);
F2:QSGNLAR(配列番号61);
F3:RSDALSV(配列番号62);
F4:DSSHRTR(配列番号63);及び
F5:RSDVLSE(配列番号64)
(v)
F1:RSDNLSE(配列番号21);
F2:QNAHRKT(配列番号22);
F3:RSDHLSE(配列番号48);
F4:TSSTRKT(配列番号59);及び
F5:TSGHLSR(配列番号40);
(vi)
F1:TSGNLTR(配列番号60);
F2:QSGNLAR(配列番号61);
F3:RSDALSV(配列番号62);及び
F4:DSSHRTR(配列番号63);
(vii)
F1:QRSNLVR(配列番号65);
F2:RSDHLTQ(配列番号66);
F3:QSGHLQR(配列番号67);及び
F4:DRSHLAR(配列番号68);
(viii)
F1:RSDVLSE(配列番号64);
F2:QRNHRTT(配列番号69);
F3:TKRSLIE(配列番号70);
F4:TSSNLSR(配列番号71);
F5:RSDDLSK(配列番号25);及び
F6:DNRDRIK(配列番号55);
(ix)
F1:RSDHLSA(配列番号72);
F2:QSGHLSR(配列番号24);
F3:RSDHLSR(配列番号47);
F4:QNDNRIK(配列番号73);及び
F5:QSGNLAR(配列番号61);
(x)
F1:NNRDLIN(配列番号74);
F2:TSSNLSR(配列番号71);
F3:RSDVLSE(配列番号64);
F4:QRNHRTT(配列番号69);
F5:TKRSLIE(配列番号70);及び
F6:TSSNLSR(配列番号71)
から成る群から選択されるジンクフィンガーDNA認識領域を含む、融合タンパク質。 - ヌクレアーゼが、切断ドメインまたは切断ハーフドメインを含む請求項1に記載の融合タンパク質。
- ヌクレアーゼが、タイプIIS制限エンドヌクレアーゼ切断ドメインまたは切断ハーフドメインを含む請求項1または2に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 切断ドメインまたは切断ハーフドメインが、天然または操作されている請求項3に記載の融合タンパク質。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の融合タンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の融合タンパク質または請求項5に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む細胞。
- 細胞が胚細胞である請求項6に記載の細胞。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の融合タンパク質または請求項5に記載のポリヌクレオチドおよび薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む組成物。
- 細胞中の1つまたは複数のRosa遺伝子を切断する方法であって、
1つまたは複数のRosa遺伝子が切断されるように、1つまたは複数の請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の融合タンパク質または1つまたは複数の請求項5に記載のポリヌクレオチドを細胞中に導入するステップを含む方法。 - 外因性のポリヌクレオチド配列を細胞のゲノム中に導入する方法であって、
請求項9に記載の1つまたは複数のRosa遺伝子を切断するステップ;および
細胞を外因性のポリヌクレオチド配列と接触させるステップを含み;
1つまたは複数の遺伝子の切断が、外因性のポリヌクレオチド配列のゲノム中への相同組換えによる組込みを刺激する方法。 - 外因性のポリヌクレオチド配列が、物理的にゲノム中に挿入される請求項10に記載の方法。
- 外因性のポリヌクレオチド配列が、核酸複製プロセスを介してゲノム中に組み込まれる請求項11に記載の方法。
- 外因性のポリヌクレオチド配列が、非相同依存性標的組込みを介してゲノム中に組み込まれる請求項11に記載の方法。
- 胚細胞のゲノム中のRosa遺伝子配列を改変する方法であって、
1つまたは複数の請求項9に記載のRosa遺伝子を切断するステップを含み、
(i)第1のZFNが第1の切断部位を切断し、第2のZFNが第2の切断部位を切断し;
(ii)Rosa遺伝子配列が、第1切断部位と第2切断部位の間に位置し;
(iii)第1と第2切断部位の切断により非相同末端結合または相同指向修復により遺伝子配列の改変が生ずる、
方法。 - 改変が欠失を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 改変が外因性の配列の挿入を含む請求項15に記載の方法。
- ヒト以外の遺伝子導入動物を生成する方法であって、
請求項14〜16のいずれか1項に記載の胚細胞中のRosa遺伝子配列を改変するステップ;および
動物中で胚を発生させるステップ、
を含む方法。 - 改変が、指定された位置での1つまたは複数のランダム変異を含む請求項17に記載の方法。
- 改変が、ヒト化遺伝子の挿入を含む請求項17に記載の方法。
- ヒト化遺伝子が、薬剤代謝に関係している請求項19に記載の方法。
- 動物が性的成熟動物であり、改変遺伝子配列が、性的成熟動物の少なくとも一部の配偶子中に存在する請求項17〜20のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 対象の少なくとも1つのRosa遺伝子座中に1つまたは複数の遺伝性変異対立遺伝子を作る方法であって、
請求項17〜21のいずれか1項に記載の遺伝子導入動物を生成するステップ、ここで胚を性的成熟に育てる;および
その性的成熟動物に子孫を作らせるステップ、ここで少なくとも一部の子孫がその変異対立遺伝子を含む、
方法。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の融合タンパク質または請求項5に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むキット。
- 1つまたは複数の外因性の配列、使用説明書、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される追加の成分をさらに含む請求項23に記載のキット。
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CA2796600A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
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CN102939377A (zh) | 2013-02-20 |
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US20110265198A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
WO2011139335A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
JP2016138104A (ja) | 2016-08-04 |
EP2563918A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
KR101880536B1 (ko) | 2018-07-23 |
EP2563918A4 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
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