JP5945810B2 - Energy management system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an energy management system that manages energy consumption of facilities including a plurality of energy consuming devices.

  Conventionally, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a method for suppressing power consumption of a facility including a plurality of power consuming devices. The method described in Patent Document 1 predicts the total power consumption by a plurality of power load groups arranged in a distributed manner based on the actual value, obtains the total control power based on the predicted value, and calculates the total control power. Is distributed to a plurality of power load groups, and the power consumption of each power load group is sequentially controlled according to the distributed power. In the method described in Patent Document 2, when the total power consumption of the load group exceeds the target power value, the operation state of each load is monitored according to the set priority order, and each load is determined according to the monitoring result. It controls the operating state.

JP-A-61-135337 JP-A-6-197450

  However, these power consumption suppression methods have a problem that comfort is impaired due to excessive power consumption suppression.

Therefore, the present invention is an energy management system for managing the amount of energy consumed in a facility including a plurality of energy consuming devices,
First setting means for setting a first total target value of the amount of energy to be reduced by the facility within a first period;
Based on the first total target value, the second total target value of the amount of energy reduced by the facility within a second period, which is a part of the first period, and the plurality of energy consuming devices Second setting means for setting individual target values, each of which is an energy amount to be reduced;
The total actual value that is the amount of energy actually reduced by the facility within the second period and the individual actual value that is the amount of energy actually reduced by each of the plurality of energy consuming devices within the second period are calculated. Calculation means;
In consideration of the total actual value that the facility has reduced in the second period, a new second total target value of the amount of energy to be reduced by the facility is set in a new second period following the second period. As well as resetting
Wherein the plurality of taking into account the individual actual values of the middle of the second period for the individual target value of the energy consuming device reduces, the second total desired value for each energy consuming device, in the second period to distribution as a new individual target value is the amount of energy comprises distributing means to reconfigure instead of the individual target value set by the second setting means,
The resetting of the new individual target value is performed by predicting a power reduction amount at the end of the second period based on a power reduction amount within a predetermined period from the beginning to the middle of the second period. It is executed when the reduced power amount is below the target value of reduced power amount .

In another aspect of the present invention, when there is an energy consuming device in which the individual actual value exceeds the individual target value within the second period, the distribution unit determines that the individual actual value is the individual target value. The individual target value for the second period of the energy consuming equipment that is lower is lowered.

According to the energy management system of the present invention, when the amount of energy that should be reduced for any one or a plurality of energy consuming devices falls below a target value, the energy consuming devices other than the energy consuming devices. The lower portion is distributed, and the target value of the entire system can be achieved while achieving both energy saving and comfort.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the basic concept of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a graph which shows the example of control of the energy management system concerning the present invention. It is a table | surface which shows the relationship between the control temperature of an air-conditioner, energy-saving amount, and a comfort level. It is a figure which shows the function structure of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the flow of control of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the control content of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the control content of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the control content of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the control content of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the control content of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the reset process of the reduced electric energy (target value) by the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the control content of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the control content of the energy management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows transition of reduction electric energy (actual value). It is a figure explaining the control content of the energy management system which concerns on this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

〔System configuration〕
FIG. 1 shows an energy management system (hereinafter referred to as “system”) 10 according to the present invention, which is an air conditioner (hereinafter referred to as “air conditioner”) 12 [12 (1) to 12 (n) as a plurality of energy consuming devices. )] Is applied to the air conditioning equipment 11, and a controller (control device) 13 that executes the control described below, and a display that visually displays part of the control contents or control results of the controller 13 ( Display device) 14. The air conditioner 12, the controller 13, and the display 14 are respectively provided with wireless communication devices 15 [15 (1) to 15 (n)], 16, and 17, between the controller 13 and the air conditioner 12, and between the controller 13 and the display 14. The information described below can be transmitted. Instead of wireless, it is also possible to connect to be communicable by wire. The plurality of air conditioners 12 may be installed in a single building, or may be distributed and arranged in a plurality of buildings.

[Basic concept of control]
With reference to FIG. 2, the basic concept of control executed by the system 10 will be described first. As shown in the figure, in the system 10, information of the air conditioner 12 managed by the system 10 (for example, power consumption corresponding to the operating condition) is stored in the controller 13, particularly in the storage unit 18 (see FIG. 1). Yes.

  The controller 13 sets a total target power amount Wm (target value) for the current month consumed by the plurality of air conditioners 12 in a first period, for example, one month, and a total energy saving target ESm (target value) for the current month. Step S1) in FIG. The target power amount Wm for the current month may be calculated automatically by the system 10 based on past performance values, or may be set by the user of the equipment 11.

  Next, the controller 13 sets the total target power amount Wd [= Wm / (number of days in a month)] consumed by the plurality of air conditioners 12 in a second period, for example, one day (second period)), and per day. The total energy saving target ESd (target value) [= ESm / (number of days in a month)] is calculated and set (step S4 in FIG. 6).

  Next, the controller 13 calculates the individual day target power amount Wdi (ΣWdi = Wd) consumed by each air conditioner 12 on the day and the individual day energy saving share ESi (target value) (ΣESi = ESd) borne by each air conditioner 12. Calculate and set (step S5 in FIG. 6). The energy saving share ESi of each air conditioner 12 is determined according to the capacity or power consumption of the air conditioner 12, and the energy saving share for the air conditioner with high power consumption is preferably larger than the energy saving share for the air conditioner with low consumption. Next, the controller 13 performs control so that each air conditioner 12 achieves energy saving of the energy saving sharing amount ESi set therein (step S6 in FIG. 6).

  Next, the controller 13 uses the individual day power consumption Wdi ′ (actual value) consumed by each of the plurality of air conditioners 12 on the day (second period) and the individual day energy saving achievement amount (actual value) ESi ′ achieved on the day. Record. Also, the individual day power consumption Wdi '(actual value) and the individual day energy saving achievement amount (actual value) ESi' are totaled, and the day total power consumption (actual value) Wd '[= ΣWdi'] and the day total energy saving achieved. An amount (actual value) ESd ′ [= ΣESi ′] is calculated (step S7 in FIG. 6).

  The actual value is calculated even during the second period. That is, during the progress of the second period, the controller 13 determines the individual day power consumption Wdi ′ (predicted value) and the individual day energy saving achievement amount based on the amount of power actually consumed from the start of the second period to the present time. (Predicted value) ESi ′ is calculated, and these predicted values are aggregated to calculate the total power consumption (predicted value) Wd ′ [= ΣWdi ′] on the day and the total energy saving achieved on the day (predicted value) ESd ′ [= ΣESi ′. ] Is calculated (step S7 in FIG. 6).

  Next, the controller 13 calculates the difference (= ESd−ESd ′) between the current day total energy saving target ESd (target value) and the current day total energy saving achievement amount (actual value or predicted value) ESd ′ (step S8 in FIG. 6). ) And the individual day target power amount Wdi of the current day is reset (step S11 → S8 in FIG. 6), and the air conditioner is controlled based on the reset individual day target power amount Wdi.

  When the controller 13 determines that the second period has ended (step S10 in FIG. 6), the controller 13 totals the total power consumption and the total energy saving achievement up to that point (step S8 in FIG. 6), and the total result The remaining reduced power amount (target value) for the first period is determined based on the above (step S3 in FIG. 6), and the remaining reduced power amount (target value) for each second period is determined based on the determination. Is determined (step S4 in FIG. 6), and the air conditioner is controlled until the end of the period based on the determined sharing amount (steps S9 and S10 in FIG. 6).

  The control content of the controller 13 can be displayed on the display 14, and for example, the total energy saving amount in the first period and the second period, the total energy saving target, and the individual day energy saving share amount up to the present time are displayed.

[Reset target value]
The resetting of the target value will be described with reference to FIG. This figure (graph) shows the relationship between the elapsed days (horizontal axis) in the first period (one month) and the power consumption (vertical axis) of the air conditioning equipment. In the figure, a straight line indicated by a symbol L connects the origin (elapsed days = 0, total used power = 0) and a target point (elapsed days = Md (31) days, total used power = current target total power Wm). This is the control target line. A curve indicated by a symbol L ′ is a performance line that indicates a cumulative value (ΣWd ′) of actual values up to Nd days [total power consumption (actual value) Wd ′ on that day]]. A straight line indicated by a symbol L ″ indicates a prediction line of an average predicted value Wy obtained by averaging the predicted maximum power amount Wmax and the predicted minimum power amount Wmin predicted based on the actual values up to Nd days.

In the example shown in the figure, the actual value Wn (ΣWd ′) up to Nd days exceeds the control target line. Therefore, when the air conditioning equipment is operated until the end of the month (Md day) based on the control content up to the Nd day, the final predicted power amount Wy is expected to exceed the total target power amount Wm of the current month. Further, in order to suppress the total power consumption (actual value) Wd ′ on the day at the end of the month to the total target power Wm or less on the current month, the power of Wy−Wm is further reduced during (Md−Nd) until the end of the month. There is a need. Therefore, the subsequent control target line L ^* set based on the results up to the Nd day is ΣWd ′ + [(Wm−ΣWd ′) / (Md−Nd). Then, as described above, the controller 13 calculates the predicted value Wy based on the actual value (ΣWd ′) up to the calculation time point (for example, Nd day), and the difference between the predicted value Wy and the current month total target power amount Wm. In order to reduce the amount of power corresponding to the current day by the end of the month, the current day total target power amount Wd and the current day total energy saving target (target value) ESd are reset and the air conditioner 12 based on the reset value. To control.

[Energy saving share setting]
The room temperature that a person feels comfortable (or uncomfortable) greatly depends on a number of factors, such as the use of the room, the actual usage situation, and the surrounding environment. Therefore, the relationship between the control temperature of the air conditioning and the comfort level felt by a person placed in the air-conditioned space is not fixed and depends on individual circumstances. In addition, the performance of the air conditioner is determined according to the size of the room, the purpose of use, etc., and the relationship between the set temperature and the power consumption (energy saving amount) is different for each air conditioner. Therefore, in the energy management system of the present invention, a unique trade-off table (a table indicating the relationship between the set temperature, the energy saving amount, and the comfort level) set based on the status of each air conditioner is prepared and stored in the controller 13. The controller 13 adjusts the control temperature (that is, the amount of energy saving) based on the trade-off table so that the comfort level in each room is not significantly reduced.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of a trade-off table set for two air conditioners (air conditioner 1 and air conditioner 2). In the illustrated example, in the air conditioner 2 as compared with the air conditioner 1, when the set temperature is changed by 1 ° C., the energy saving amount is greatly increased, but the comfort level is greatly decreased. Therefore, the controller 13 refers to the trade-off table set and stored for each air conditioner, and sets the control temperature of each air conditioner so as to obtain a target energy saving amount without significantly reducing the comfort level. change.

[Power consumption reduction control by controller]
The controller 13 includes various functional configurations (means) for power consumption reduction control described below. These functional configurations and specific control contents will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. Note that the functional configuration or means shown in FIG. 5 can be configured by individually independent components or devices, but can also be configured by a program installed in the controller 13.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the first period target power amount setting means 101 sets a target value [first period target power amount (target value)] used in the first period (step S1 in FIG. 6). . The first period target power amount (target value) can be automatically set by the controller 13 based on the capacity of the air conditioner, or can be appropriately input by a system user using an input means (for example, a remote controller of the air conditioner). May be. The “first period” is a period such as several days, one week, or one month, and is a group of “second periods” (for example, one day) described later. Therefore, when the first period is one month, the above-mentioned total target power amount Wm for the month corresponds to the first period target power amount (target value).

  Further, the first period reduced power amount calculation means 102 calculates a target value [first period reduced power amount (target value)] to be reduced during the first period (step S1 in FIG. 6). When the first period is one month, the total energy saving target (target value) ESm for the current month corresponds to the first period reduced power amount (target value).

  Next, the second period reduced power amount setting means 103 sets a target value [second period reduced power amount (target value)] to be reduced in the second period (step S4 in FIG. 6). When the first period is a period such as several days, a week, or a month, each day constituting the first period is the second period. Therefore, the above-mentioned day total energy saving target (target value) ESd corresponds to the second period reduction power amount (target value).

  Next, the device distribution amount determining unit 104 uses the second period reduced power amount (target value) set by the second period reduced power amount setting unit 103 as the plurality of air conditioners 12 (1) to 12 (12) to 12. (5) (Step S5 in FIG. 6). Here, the reduced power amount (equipment distribution amount) distributed to each air conditioner corresponds to the above-mentioned individual day energy saving share (target value) ESi. The amount of power reduction (equipment distribution amount) distributed to a plurality of air conditioners does not have to be the same, and is determined based on the comfort level and the use conditions of the air conditioner as described above. The reduced power amount (equipment distribution amount) of each air conditioner is stored in the storage unit of the controller 13. For example, in the case of a system having five air conditioners (first device to fifth device) 12 (1) to 12 (5), these five air conditioners (first device to fifth device) 12 (1) ˜12 (5) storage means (first device distribution amount storage means 105 (1) to fifth device distribution amount storage means 105 (5)) store the respective distribution amounts.

  Now, it is assumed that the first period is composed of five consecutive second periods. Further, it is assumed that the first period reduction power amount is set to 100. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the controller 13 sets 20 target power reduction amounts (target values) for each of the five second periods (the first second period to the fifth second period). Set.

  The controller 13 distributes 20 target power reduction amounts (target values) to the five air conditioners. The individual reduced power amount (target value) distributed to the air conditioners is determined according to the usage status of each air conditioner. Therefore, for the first second period immediately after the start of the power consumption reduction control, the controller 13 sets the first device 12 (1) to the fifth device 12 () without setting the target reduced power amount (target value). 5) is controlled, and the reduced power amount (target value) in the second second period is set based on the usage status (actual value) in the first second period. Therefore, in FIG. 7, the target value of each device is not described for the first second period, and only the actual value is described.

  In the example of FIG. 7, as a target value for the second second period based on the actual value for the first second period, the first device (air conditioner), the second device (air conditioner), and the third device (Air conditioner), fourth device (air conditioner), and fifth device (air conditioner) for the second period reduced power amount (target value) of “2”, “2”, “6”, “6”, “4”, respectively ) Is set. Usually, a device with a high power consumption per unit time (air conditioner) is set with a high power reduction amount (target value). Conversely, a device with a low power consumption per unit time (air conditioner) has a low power reduction amount. A quantity (target value) is set.

Then, the first device control means 106 (1) to the fifth device control means 106 (5) control each air conditioner so as to achieve the set individual power reduction amount (target value) (FIG. 6 step S6).
Further, the first device result totaling means 107 (1) to the fifth device result totaling means 107 (5) total the second period reduction electric energy (actual value) of the corresponding air conditioner during the second period. (Step S7 in FIG. 6).
Further, the first device divergence determining means 108 (1) to the fifth device divergence calculating means 108 (1) are used to calculate the reduced power amount (target value) and the reduced power amount (actual value) set in the corresponding air conditioner. A deviation amount (actual value-target value) is calculated (step S8 in FIG. 6). Further, the device distribution amount determining unit 104 tabulates the first to fifth divergence amounts (differences) calculated by the first device divergence determining unit 108 (1) to the fifth device divergence calculating unit 108 (5). (Σ (actual value−target value)). Then, the device distribution amount determination unit 104 calculates a deviation amount (predicted value) at the end of the second period from the aggregated deviation amounts, and if the deviation amount (predicted value)> threshold, the second currently in progress The power reduction amount (target value) for the period is reset (steps S11 and S5 in FIG. 6).

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the divergence amount (predicted value) is 0, the second period reduction power amount (target value) set for the currently ongoing second period is appropriate. Maintain the current reduced power consumption (target value). However, as shown in FIG. 9, when the divergence amount (target value) is negative and the value exceeds the threshold, the divergence amount (shortage 10) is compensated for by the remaining second period, whereby the first period target Aim to achieve electric energy (target value).

  Specifically, in the example of FIG. 9, at the end of the third second period (step S10 (YES) in FIG. 6), the target reduction power amount (target value) 20 in the third second period is reduced. The amount of power (actual value) was 10. Such a situation is considered to occur when the usage status of the room in which the devices 1 to 5 are installed in the third second period is different from the previous second period (for example, the visitor is Increased, more meetings, etc.). In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the device distribution amount determining means 104 determines the remaining reduced power amount in the first period (step S3 in FIG. 6), and the power reduction amount (target value) in the next second period. ) Is determined (reset) (step S4 in FIG. 6). In this resetting, the divergence amount 10 is equally distributed to the target reduction power amount (target value) in the fourth and fifth second periods, and the target reduction power amount (target value) in the fourth and fifth second periods. ) Is set to 25. Further, the device distribution amount determining means 104 distributes the increase 5 of the reduced power amount equally to the five air conditioners, and the first device (air conditioner) and the second device in the fourth and fifth second periods. (Air conditioner), third device (air conditioner), fourth device (air conditioner), and fifth device (air conditioner) second period reduction electric energy (target value) is “3”, “3”, “7”, respectively. ”,“ 7 ”,“ 5 ”.

The reset power consumption (target value) is reset even during the second period. Such resetting during the second period is, for example, based on the amount of power reduction (predicted actual value) within the period (second predetermined period) from the beginning to the middle of the second period. This is executed when the reduced power amount (predicted actual value) is predicted and the reduced power amount (predicted actual value) is lower than the reduced power amount (target value). For example, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, in the middle of the second period (current time), the reduced electric energy (predicted actual value) equivalent to the reduced electric energy (target value) “3” for the devices 1 and 2 "3" can be achieved, and for devices 4 and 5, the reduced power consumption (target value) "7,5" can be achieved (predicted actual value) "8, 6", but for equipment 3, it is reduced When it is determined that the electric energy (predicted actual value) “5” is less than the reduced electric energy (target value) “7”, there is a margin for the reduced electric energy “2 (= 7-5)” that cannot be achieved by the device 3. The devices 4 and 5 are allocated, the current reduced power amount (target value) “3” is maintained for the devices 1 and 2, and the achievable reduced power amount (predicted actual value) “5” is newly set for the device 3. Reduced electric energy (target value), and for devices 4 and 5, the amount of electric power that can be achieved (predicted actual value) As a new reduced power amount 6 "(target value).

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 13, when it is determined that each device has achieved the reset power consumption (target value) at the end of the fourth second period, the reset power reduction is reset. The amount (target value) is set to the reduced power amount (target value) in the fifth second period. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 14, the target reduction power amount can be achieved even in the fifth second period. Finally, the controller 13 determines whether or not the first period has ended, and if it has ended, ends the process (step S9 (YES) in FIG. 6).

  The power reduction amount (target value) for the second period is preferably determined by the device distribution amount determination unit 104 in consideration of past results. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, in the second period reduction power amount (actual value) in the immediately preceding first period, when the power consumption from Monday to Saturday is small and the power consumption on Sunday is significantly large, Based on this, the reduced power amount (target value) in the second period (24 hours) corresponding to Sunday is set to “40”, and the reduced power amount (target value) in the other second period is set to “15”. Thereby, the power reduction control reflecting the actual result is possible.

  In the above description, an example in which the present invention is applied to an air conditioning facility including a plurality of air conditioners has been described. However, the present invention is a device that uses various energy (electric power, gas, oil, heat) (air conditioning equipment, It can be used to control hot water supply equipment and electrical appliances).

10: System 11: Air conditioning equipment 12 (1) to 12 (n): Air conditioner (energy consuming equipment)
13: Controller 14: Display 15, 16, 17: Wireless communication device 101: First period target power amount setting means 102: First period reduction power amount calculation means 103: Second period reduction power amount setting means 104: Device distribution amount Determination means 108: Deviation amount determination means

Claims (2)

An energy management system for managing the amount of energy consumed in a facility including a plurality of energy consuming devices,
First setting means for setting a first total target value of the amount of energy to be reduced by the facility within a first period;
Based on the first total target value, the second total target value of the amount of energy reduced by the facility within a second period, which is a part of the first period, and the plurality of energy consuming devices Second setting means for setting individual target values, each of which is an energy amount to be reduced;
The total actual value that is the amount of energy actually reduced by the facility within the second period and the individual actual value that is the amount of energy actually reduced by each of the plurality of energy consuming devices within the second period are calculated. Calculation means;
In consideration of the total actual value that the facility has reduced in the second period, a new second total target value of the amount of energy to be reduced by the facility is set in a new second period following the second period. As well as resetting
Wherein the plurality of taking into account the individual actual values of the middle of the second period for the individual target value of the energy consuming device reduces, the second total desired value for each energy consuming device, in the second period to distribution as a new individual target value is the amount of energy comprises distributing means to reconfigure instead of the individual target value set by the second setting means,
The resetting of the new individual target value is performed by predicting a power reduction amount at the end of the second period based on a power reduction amount within a predetermined period from the beginning to the middle of the second period. The energy management system is executed when the reduced power consumption is below the target value of reduced power consumption . When there is an energy consuming device in which the individual actual value exceeds the individual target value within the second period, the distributing means is configured to store the energy consuming device whose individual actual value is lower than the individual target value . The energy management system according to claim 1, wherein the individual target value for two periods is lowered.