JP5815676B2 - H5n1系列に対する汎用ワクチン - Google Patents
H5n1系列に対する汎用ワクチン Download PDFInfo
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- JP5815676B2 JP5815676B2 JP2013507923A JP2013507923A JP5815676B2 JP 5815676 B2 JP5815676 B2 JP 5815676B2 JP 2013507923 A JP2013507923 A JP 2013507923A JP 2013507923 A JP2013507923 A JP 2013507923A JP 5815676 B2 JP5815676 B2 JP 5815676B2
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- hemagglutinin
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Description
[0001] 本出願は、2010年4月30日に出願された米国仮特許出願一連番号61/329,802に関連し、およびそれに対して優先権を主張し、それを本明細書に援用する。
[0002] 本出願は、電子フォーマットでの配列リストと共に出願されている。その配列リストは2577-201PCT_ST25.txtという名前であり、2011年1月13日に作成され、大きさは54kbである。その配列リストの電子フォーマットでの情報は本出願の一部であり、それをそのまま本明細書に援用する。
[0016] 第7観点において、本発明は、対象における免疫応答の調節における使用のための汎用H5N1ワクチンを提供する。
[0018] 第9観点において、本発明は、対象における免疫応答の調節のための医薬の製造のための汎用H5N1ワクチンの使用を提供する。
材料および方法
[0070] ウイルス:クレード2.1 A/インドネシア/CDC669/2006、A/インドネシア/TLL013/2006からのH5N1ヒトインフルエンザウイルスおよび1種類のトリの株A/インドネシア/TLL014/2006は、インドネシア共和国の保健省(MOH)から得た。トリH5N2亜型はシンガポールの農産物・家畜庁(Agri−Food and Veterinary Authority)から得た。異なる系統的クレード/サブクレードからのH5N1ウイルス(表1)は、逆遺伝学によりレスキューされた[WHO,2004]。簡潔には、クレード1、2.1、2.2、2.3、4、7および8からのH5N1ウイルスのヘマグルチニン(HA)およびノイラミニダーゼ(NA)遺伝子を、NCBIインフルエンザデータベースからの配列に基づいて合成した(GenScript,米国)。その合成HAおよびNA遺伝子をインフルエンザA逆遺伝学のための二重プロモータープラスミド(Prabakaran et al., 2009)の中にクローニングした。その二重プロモータープラスミドは、疾病管理予防センター(米国ジョージア州アトランタ)から得た。合併結合変異ウイルス(Reassortant viruses)を、HAおよびNAを含有するプラスミドを高増殖マスター株(master strain)A/プエルトリコ/8/34(H1N1)由来の残りの6個のインフルエンザ遺伝子と共に共培養された293TおよびMDCK細胞中にLipofectamine 2000(Invitrogen Corp.)を用いて形質移入することによりレスキューした。形質移入の72時間後に、その培地を発育卵またはMDCK細胞中に接種した。第2継代からの合併結合変異ウイルスのHAおよびNA遺伝子を配列決定し、導入したHAおよびNA遺伝子が存在することおよび変異が存在しないことを確認した。ストックウイルスを11日齢の発育卵の尿膜腔中で増殖させ、ウイルスを含有する尿膜腔液を回収し、分割量(aliquots)で−80℃において保管した。ウイルス含有量を標準的な血球凝集(HA)アッセイにより決定した。高病原性ウイルスを用いた全ての実験は、生物安全性レベル3(BSL−3)封じ込め施設においてCDC/NIHおよびWHOの推奨に従って実施された。
n−mAbを用いるH5HAの中和エピトープの同定および特性付け
[0080] インフルエンザヘマグルチニン(HA)に対する5種類の異なる中和mAb(6B8、4C2、2D9、4F8および3H11)の集団が以前に我々の研究室で生成された。全てのn−mAbはH5の立体構造的エピトープを認識し、インビトロでインフルエンザウイルスの感染を中和する能力を有していた。また、これらのn−mAbは血球凝集阻止活性を有することが確認されている(データは示していない)。そのn−mAbのエピトープの形成に関わっているアミノ酸を、ウイルス回避変異体を用いて分析した。多数の回避変異株から分離された完全なHA遺伝子の配列決定を行い、(a)n−mAb 6B8に対するものはアミノ酸位置189(LysがAsnに)または155(AsnがAspに)において単一の点変異を有しており、(b)n−mAb 4F8に対するものはアミノ酸位置155(AsnがAspに)において単一の点変異を有しており、そして(c)n−mAb 2D9に対するものはアミノ酸位置189(ArgがTrpに)または223(SerがArgに)において単一の点変異を有していた。n−mAb 4C2に関する同様の分析は、そのエピトープの形成にアミノ酸155(SerがIleに)または189(ArgがLysに)が関わっていることを明らかにし、一方でn−mAb 3H11に関する同様の分析はアミノ酸位置138“Leu”、139“Gly”および140“Ser”における単一の点変異を有していた。ここで示した全てのアミノ酸位置は、HAのシグナルペプチドを除いたものである。A/インドネシア/CDC669/2006(H5N1)、A/ベトナム/1203/2004(H5N1)およびA/安徽/1/2005(H5N1)に関する成熟HAタンパク質のアミノ酸配列に関して、それぞれSEQ ID NO:9〜11を参照。
エピトープ分布分析
[0081] トリおよびヒトH5N1ウイルスの完全長HA配列を、国立バイオテクノロジー情報センターにより維持されているインフルエンザウイルスデータベースから得た。ヒトおよびトリH5N1分離株のHA配列を、主な中和エピトープ配列(HA1領域のアミノ酸位置138、140、155、189、159、194および218)と比較した。その結果は、その主な抗原性エピトープ領域のほとんどはヒトおよびトリH5N1系列の間の重要な変異を含有していることを明らかにした(表2)。高度に異なる140のループ(140 aa)の分析は、全てのH5N1ヒト分離株中でこの位置にはアミノ酸“Lys”(22.5%)および“Ser”(28.5%)が主に存在し、位置140において“Thr”がごくわずかに存在する(6%)ことを示した(表2)。さらに、150のループの155 aaは2種類の変異型しか有していなかった(この位置においてヒトH5N1分離株の63.4%がアミノ酸“Ser”を有し、残りの34.4%がアミノ酸“Asn”を有する)。また、受容体結合部位に位置するインフルエンザヘマグルチニンの189位のアミノ酸は、全てのH5N1のヒトの株の64.26%においてアミノ酸“Arg”を含有し、一方で残りの34.65%はこの位置においてアミノ酸“Lys”を有する(表2)。
ワクチン株の選択
[0082] その中和エピトープ内のアミノ酸配列分析に基づいて、H5N1ウイルスの集団(317種類のヒトの株および2028種類のトリの株)をHAの主な中和エピトープ内のアミノ酸変異の頻度に関して分析した。我々は3種類の異なるH5N1株(A/インドネシア/CDC669/2006(H5N1)(クレード2.1)、A/ベトナム/1203/2004(H5N1)(クレード1.0)およびA/安徽/1/2005(H5N1)(クレード2.3))を、これらの株の組み合わせがそのH5HAの中和エピトープの全ての主なアミノ酸変異をカバーするであろうように選択した(表3)。例えば、A/ベトナム/1203/2004(H5N1)およびA/インドネシア/CDC669/2006(H5N1)株は155位において“Ser”を含有しており、一方でA/安徽/1/2005(H5N1)株は同じ位置に“Asn”を有する。さらに、A/ベトナム/1203/2004(H5N1)およびA/安徽/1/2005(H5N1)株は189位において“Lys”を含有しており、一方でA/インドネシア/CDC669/2006(H5N1)株は同じ位置にアミノ酸“Arg”を有する(表3)。
n−mAbによる選択されたワクチン株の差次的認識
[0083] 選択されたワクチン株(A/ベトナム/1203/2004(H5N1)(クレード1.0)、A/インドネシア/CDC669/2006(H5N1)(クレード2.1)およびA/安徽/1/2005(H5N1)(クレード2.3))内の変異を、異なるn−mAbによるウイルス中和および血球凝集阻止(HI)の結果に基づいて確認した。ワクチン株のn−mAbへの曝露は、結果として差次的なn−mAbとの反応性のパターンをもたらした。表4Aおよび4Bにおいて示すように、n−mAb 6B8はA/ベトナム/1203/2004(H5N1)およびA/安徽/1/2005(H5N1)株への優先的な結合を示し、一方で血球凝集阻止およびマイクロ中和アッセイにより示されるようにその同じn−mAbによるA/インドネシア/CDC669/2006(H5N1)の中和は存在しない。しかし、n−mAb 4C2はA/インドネシア/CDC669/2006(H5N1)株のみを中和する。認識のパターンにおける類似の違いは他のn−mAbに関しても観察された。これらの発見は、A/インドネシア/CDC669/2006(H5N1)およびA/ベトナム/1203/2004(H5N1)株の間の強い抗原性の相違の存在も示した(表4AおよびB)。加えて、ワクチン組成物中にA/安徽/1/2005(H5N1)を含めることは、ワクチン株の155位のアミノ酸の変異(Asn)をカバーし、それはヒトH5N1分離株の34%を構成する。
血清血球凝集阻止(HI)アッセイ
[0084] HA(A/ベトナム/1203/2004(H5N1))の機能的能力を阻害するような抗体応答の有効性を測定する血球凝集阻止力価も得た。そのHI力価の結果は、28および42日目において、抗原性補強されたTri−BacHAで免疫したマウスは抗原性補強されていないTri−BacHAと比較した場合に血清HI力価を有意に高めたことを示した(図1)。
血清のクレードをまたぐ中和抗体の力価
[0086] 42日目における100 TCID50の異なるクレードのH5N1株に対する血清中和抗体力価は、抗原性補強されたTri−BacHAによるワクチン接種は抗原性補強されていないTri−BacHAをワクチン接種したマウスと比較して異なるクレード(クレード1.0、クレード2.1、クレード2.2、クレード4.0、クレード7.0およびクレード8.0)からのウイルスを有意に中和したことを示した(図2Aおよび2B)。
ワクチン接種後の負荷試験
[0088] 最後の免疫処置の3週間後、全てのグループのマウスに5 MLD50のクレード1.0またはクレード2.1またはクレード7.0からのHPAI H5N1株で鼻腔内に負荷をかけた。抗原性補強したTri−BacHAまたはMono−BacHAまたはRG−H5N1で免疫したマウスのグループは、クレード1.0およびクレード2.1に対して100%の保護を得た(図3および図4)。さらに、抗原性補強したTri−BacHAはクレード7.0 H5N1感染に対して100%の保護を提供した。しかし、抗原性補強したRG−H5N1ワクチンおよびMono−BacHAワクチンで免疫したマウスは、クレード7.0 H5N1感染に対してそれぞれ66.6%および83.3%の保護しかもたらさなかった(図6)。
Claims (17)
- 予防的に有効な量の第1免疫原性薬剤または前記の第1免疫原性薬剤をコードする核酸、予防的に有効な量の第2免疫原性薬剤または前記の第2免疫原性薬剤をコードする核酸、予防的に有効な量の第3免疫原性薬剤または前記の第3免疫原性薬剤をコードする核酸、および医薬的に許容できるキャリヤーを含み、その第1免疫原性薬剤がウイルス株A/インドネシア/CDC669/2006(H5N1)のヘマグルチニンまたはその抗原性ペプチドを含み、その第2免疫原性薬剤がウイルス株A/ベトナム1203/2004(H5N1)のヘマグルチニンまたはその抗原性ペプチドを含み、その第3免疫原性薬剤がウイルス株A/安徽/1/2005(H5N1)のヘマグルチニンまたはその抗原性ペプチドを含む、汎用H5N1ワクチン組成物。
- その第1、第2および第3免疫原性薬剤のそれぞれがヘマグルチニンを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- その第1、第2および第3免疫原性薬剤のそれぞれがヘマグルチニンの抗原性ペプチドを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- その第1、第2および第3免疫原性薬剤のそれぞれがヘマグルチニンをコードする核酸を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- その第1、第2および第3免疫原性薬剤のそれぞれがヘマグルチニンの抗原性ペプチドをコードする核酸を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- その第1、第2および第3免疫原性薬剤のそれぞれがヘマグルチニンを提示する、または示すウイルスを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- それぞれのウイルスがバキュロウイルスである、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- その第1、第2および第3免疫原性薬剤のそれぞれがヘマグルチニンの抗原性ペプチドを提示する、または示すウイルスを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- それぞれのウイルスがバキュロウイルスである、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 対象においてトリインフルエンザウイルスに対する免疫応答を調節するための、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- トリインフルエンザウイルスと関係する疾患を処置または予防するための、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 対象において免疫応答を調節するための、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 医薬品における使用のための、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 対象における免疫応答の調節における使用のための、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 対象におけるトリインフルエンザウイルスと関係する疾患の処置または予防における使用のための、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 対象において免疫応答を調節するための医薬の製造のための、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の使用。
- 対象においてトリインフルエンザウイルスと関係する疾患を処置または予防するための医薬の製造のための、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の使用。
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SG184804A1 (en) | 2012-11-29 |
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