JP5892018B2 - Air conditioner for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner provided with a defroster mode in which an electric heating element for heating the window is provided in a window of the vehicle and blows conditioned air toward the window.

  Conventionally, the vehicle air conditioner described in Patent Document 1 is known. In this apparatus, the amount of heat generated by the electric heating element for window heating is diverged by blowing out low-temperature air, and the window glass deicing time is prevented from increasing. For this purpose, the above apparatus is provided with defroster means for blowing warm air heated by the heater core to the window glass of the vehicle by a blower and an electric heating element for directly heating the window glass, and by turning on the defroster switch, When the combined operation of the defroster means and the electric heating element is set when the defroster blowing mode in which the wind is blown on the window glass of the vehicle is set, the blower is operated at the first set air volume. On the other hand, when the defroster blowing mode is set, when the heating action of the heater core is stopped and the electric heating element is set to operate independently, the blower is operated with the second set air volume smaller than the first set air volume. is there.

  In addition, in the vehicle air conditioner equipped with the heat pump system and the electric heating element for heating the window, the above apparatus determines the state of the compressor and the state of the combustion heater, and when the air conditioning capability is reduced at a low temperature The blower air volume is reduced or controlled to zero.

JP-A-10-29506

  In order to specify the case where the air-conditioning capability is reduced at a low temperature as in the technique of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, simply determining the state of the compressor and the state of the combustion heater can accurately determine the blowing temperature with respect to the actual window glass. In some cases, the blower air volume increases while the blowout temperature remains low, which may hinder the performance of the electric heating element. Also, the blower air volume control is normally performed only when the operation of the vehicle air conditioner is set in the auto mode, and when the blower operation is performed in the manual mode, the user's manual operation is given priority. Therefore, the air volume may increase, and in this case, the function of the electric heating element is hindered.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to provide electricity in any scene of low outside air temperature where an electric heating element for windows is operating. An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can make the best use of the function of a heating element.

  Descriptions of patent documents listed as prior art can be introduced or incorporated by reference as explanations of technical elements described in this specification.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following technical means. That is, in the invention described in the present application, an electric heating element (102e) having a heat generating portion that heats the vehicle window (102) when energized, and a defroster outlet (103) that blows conditioned air toward the window. a casing (31) having a, a blower means (32) for flowing the conditioned air into the casings grayed, heating heat exchanger for heating the conditioned air at the time of heating operation is provided in the casings grayed (13), defroster run a blowing temperature determining means (S02p), the temperature control of the conditioned air, including a control and heating operation of the air outlet mode for blowing out the defroster outlet or al conditioned air to measure or estimate the temperature of the conditioned air blown out mouth or al and control means for (100), comprising a control hand stage is set defrost mode to the defroster air outlet or al conditioned air is blown out, has been windows energized electrical heating element is heated, the heating operation finger When in the state, the outlet temperature determined hand stage determining means for determining whether lower than a predetermined temperature at which blow-out temperature is preset measured or estimated (S02), determines the hand stage, air temperature in advance when it is determined less than a defined predetermined temperature, whether when the control of the blower hand stage by the control hand stage is controlled in the manual mode will be when it is controlled in automatic mode, the blower hand An airflow setting means (S03) for setting the airflow of the stage to zero, and further, when the airflow setting means has set the airflow of the blower means to zero, an operation for changing the blower airflow is an operation switch ( 106), a notification means (106d) for notifying the reception of the operation by the operation switch toward the vehicle interior is provided .

  According to the present invention, when the differential mode is set, the electric heating element is energized, the window is heated, and the heating operation is instructed, the blowing temperature toward the window is lower than a predetermined temperature. Regardless of whether the blower control is in the auto mode or the manual mode, the blower air volume is forcibly set to zero. For example, a window caused by a lack of refrigerant, a decrease in the temperature of the heat source, a malfunction of the compressor, etc. It is possible to prevent the electric heating element from obstructing the action of heating the window by the low temperature blowing air directed toward.

  Further, in the invention described in the present application, when the no air volume setting means (S03) sets the air volume of the blower means (32) to zero, an operation for changing the blower air volume is performed via the operation switch (106). In this case, a notification means (106d) for notifying the reception of the operation by the operation switch (106) toward the vehicle interior is provided.

  According to this invention, when the airflow setting means sets the airflow of the blower means to zero and the operation for changing the blower airflow is performed, the operation acceptance is notified toward the vehicle interior. It is possible to prevent the operator from mistakenly with a malfunction of the device.

  In the invention described in the present application, in the case where the defroster door (38a) for opening and closing the defroster outlet (103) is provided, and the no air volume setting means (S03) sets the air volume of the blower means (32) to zero, The defroster door (38a) is characterized by closing the defroster outlet (103).

  According to this invention, when the air volume of the blower means is set to zero, since the defroster door closes the defroster outlet, it is possible to prevent the low temperature blowing air from being blown toward the window due to traveling wind or the like, It is possible to prevent the electric heating element from hindering the action of heating the window.

  The invention described in the present application is provided with an inside / outside air switching means (33) for switching between taking in outside air or taking in inside air into the casing (31), and the no air volume setting means (S03) controls the air volume of the blower means (32). It is set to zero, and the inside / outside air switching means (33) is switched to the inside air side.

According to this invention, since the air volume of the blower means is set to zero and the inside / outside air switching means is switched to the inside air side, it is possible to prevent the low temperature blowing air from being blown toward the window by the traveling wind or the like, It is possible to prevent the electric heating element from hindering the action of heating the window. In the invention described in the present application, the foot outlet (107) that blows the conditioned air in the casing (33) to the feet of the passenger riding the vehicle. And a foot door (38c) for opening and closing the foot outlet (107), the no air volume setting means (S03) sets the air volume of the blower means (32) to zero, and the foot door (38c) is the foot outlet (107). ).

  According to the present invention, since the air volume of the blower means is set to zero and the foot door opens the foot air outlet, the low temperature air is blown toward the window in order to allow the traveling air to escape to the occupant's feet. It is possible to prevent the electric heating element from obstructing the action of heating the window.

  In addition, the code | symbol in parentheses described in a claim and each said means is an example which shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later easily, and limits the content of invention is not.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart explaining the control performed in the said embodiment. It is a temperature pressure conversion map used in the said embodiment. It is a front view of the operation panel in 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining control of 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining control of 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining control of 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining control of 7th Embodiment of this invention.

  A plurality of modes for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment, parts corresponding to the matters described in the preceding embodiment may be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted. When only a part of the configuration is described in each mode, the other modes described above can be applied to the other parts of the configuration.

  Not only combinations of parts that clearly indicate that the combination is possible in each embodiment, but also the embodiments are partially combined even if they are not clearly specified unless there is a problem with the combination. It is also possible.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The vehicle air conditioner for an electric vehicle described in FIG. 1 includes an evaporator 18, an air mix damper 34, and a condenser (condenser) 13 in a casing 31 (air conditioning duct). A high pressure valve 15a (also referred to as an on-off valve) is closed during heating and the heating fixed throttle 14 throttles the flow of the refrigerant, so that the outdoor heat exchanger 16 acts as an evaporator (evaporator). During cooling, the high pressure valve 15a is opened and the outdoor heat exchanger 16 acts as a condenser (condenser). Reference numeral 20 denotes a three-way valve. During heating, the refrigerant flows as indicated by a solid arrow and bypasses the evaporator 18. During cooling, the refrigerant flows as indicated by the broken line arrows. Reference numeral 17 is a cooling fixed throttle, 19 is an accumulator, and 11 is a compressor. Reference numeral 16 denotes an outdoor heat exchanger, and an outdoor heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor 43 is provided on the downstream side of the refrigerant flow of the outdoor heat exchanger 16.

  An electric heating element 102e made of a transparent conductive film is placed inside a laminated glass layer on a window (windshield) 102 in front of the vehicle. A direct current voltage is applied to the electric heating element 102e, and the electric heating element 102e becomes a heat ray to defrost frost adhering to the outside of the window 102.

  An operation panel 100p is connected to the control device 100 constituting the control means. Although a plurality of sensors are connected to the control device 100, an outside air temperature sensor (also referred to as an outside air temperature sensor) 101 is representatively shown in FIG. The conditioned air 103 f blown from the defroster outlet 103 is blown to the window 102. Reference numeral 104 denotes a face outlet.

  In the operation panel 100p, there is provided an operation switch 106 for instructing the air volume of the blower 32 constituting the blower means in a manual mode, and a light emitting display portion constituting the notification means 106d is provided integrally with the operation switch 106. Reference numeral 107 denotes a foot outlet that blows air-conditioned air to the feet of the passenger.

  In this embodiment, a heat pump cycle (vapor compression refrigeration cycle) 10 is applied to the vehicle air conditioner 1. The heat pump cycle 10 functions to cool or heat the blown air that is blown into the vehicle interior that is the air-conditioning target space in the vehicle air conditioner 1. Therefore, the heat exchange target fluid of this embodiment is blown air.

  Further, the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment is applied to an electric vehicle that obtains driving force for traveling from a traveling electric motor. In this electric vehicle, electric power supplied from an external power supply (commercial power supply) is charged to a battery as a power storage means when the vehicle is stopped, and electric power stored in the battery is supplied to the electric motor for traveling when the vehicle is traveling.

  Next, the detailed structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 is demonstrated using FIG. The vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment includes the above-described heat pump cycle 10, the indoor air conditioning unit 30 for blowing out the blown air whose temperature is adjusted by the heat pump cycle 10, and various electric types of the vehicle air conditioner 1. An air-conditioning control device 100 that constitutes a control means for controlling the operation of the constituent devices is provided.

  First, the heat pump cycle 10 includes a refrigerant circuit in a cooling mode (cooling mode) for cooling the blown air to cool the vehicle interior, a refrigerant circuit in a heating mode (heating mode) for heating the blown air to heat the vehicle interior, Defrosting and heating mode in which the blown air that has been cooled and dehumidified is reheated to dehumidify and heat the vehicle interior, and further, frost is formed on the outdoor heat exchanger 16 that functions as an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant in the heat pump cycle 10 in the heating mode. When it occurs, the refrigerant circuit can be switched to a defrost mode refrigerant circuit for defrosting it.

  In FIG. 1, the refrigerant flow in the cooling mode is indicated by broken line arrows, the refrigerant flow in the heating mode is indicated by solid line arrows, the refrigerant flow in the dehumidifying heating mode is indicated by double broken line arrows, and the defrosting mode is further illustrated. The flow of the refrigerant in is indicated by double solid arrows.

  The heat pump cycle 10 includes a compressor 11 that compresses and discharges refrigerant, an indoor condenser 13 and an indoor evaporator 18 that serve as heating heat exchangers that heat or cool the blown air, and heating that serves as decompression means for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant. A fixed throttle for cooling 14, a fixed throttle for cooling 17, an on-off valve 15a as a refrigerant circuit switching means (switching valve), a three-way valve 20 and the like.

  The heat pump cycle 10 employs an HFC refrigerant (specifically, HFC134a) as a refrigerant, and constitutes a vapor compression subcritical refrigeration cycle in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure does not exceed the refrigerant critical pressure. ing. Of course, you may employ | adopt HFO type refrigerant | coolants (for example, R1234yf). Furthermore, refrigeration oil for lubricating the compressor 11 is mixed in the refrigerant, and a part of the refrigeration oil circulates in the cycle together with the refrigerant.

  The compressor 11 is disposed inside a vehicle hood outside the passenger compartment, and sucks refrigerant in the heat pump cycle 10 and compresses and discharges it. A fixed displacement type compression mechanism 11a having a fixed discharge capacity is used as an electric motor 11b. It is comprised as an electric compressor which drives. Specifically, various types of compression mechanisms such as a scroll type compression mechanism and a vane type compression mechanism can be adopted as the fixed capacity type compression mechanism 11a.

  The electric motor 11b is an AC motor whose operation (number of rotations) is controlled by an AC voltage output from an inverter (not shown). Further, the inverter outputs an AC voltage having a frequency corresponding to a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 100. And the refrigerant | coolant discharge capability of the compressor 11 is changed by the rotation speed control by a variable frequency. Therefore, the electric motor 11b constitutes a discharge capacity changing unit of the compressor 11.

  The refrigerant inlet side of the indoor condenser 13 is connected to the discharge port side of the compressor 11. The indoor condenser 13 is disposed in a casing 31 that forms an air passage for the blown air blown into the vehicle interior in the indoor air conditioning unit 30 and blows air by exchanging heat between the refrigerant circulating in the interior and the blown air. It is a heat exchanger for heating which heats air.

  The refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 13 is connected to the refrigerant inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 through a heating fixed throttle 14 that depressurizes the refrigerant in the heating mode. As the heating fixed throttle 14, an orifice, a capillary tube or the like can be adopted. Of course, as long as the function of depressurizing the refrigerant in the heating mode can be exhibited, a variable throttle mechanism such as an electric expansion valve with a fully open function may be adopted without being limited to the fixed throttle.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a bypass passage 15 is provided that guides the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor condenser 13 to the refrigerant inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 by bypassing the heating fixed throttle 14. An opening / closing valve 15 a for opening and closing the bypass passage 15 is disposed in the bypass passage 15.

  The on-off valve 15a constitutes a refrigerant circuit switching means (switching valve) for switching between a refrigerant circuit in the cooling mode, a refrigerant circuit in the heating mode, a refrigerant circuit in the dehumidifying and heating mode, and a refrigerant circuit in the defrosting mode. This is an electromagnetic valve whose operation is controlled by a control signal output from the control device 100. Specifically, the on-off valve 15a of the present embodiment opens during the cooling mode and the defrost mode, and closes during the heating mode and the dehumidifying heating mode.

  Note that the pressure loss that occurs when the refrigerant passes through the bypass passage 15 with the on-off valve 15a open is in contrast to the pressure loss that occurs when the refrigerant passes through the heating fixed throttle 14 with the on-off valve 15a closed. And very small. Therefore, when the on-off valve 15a is opened, almost the entire flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 16 side through the bypass passage 15.

  The outdoor heat exchanger 16 is disposed in the vehicle bonnet, and exchanges heat between the refrigerant on the downstream side of the indoor condenser 13 that circulates inside and the air outside the vehicle (outside air) blown from the blower fan 16a. The blower fan 16 a is an electric blower in which the rotation speed (blowing capacity) is controlled by a control voltage output from the air conditioning control device 100.

  A three-way valve 20 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16. The three-way valve 20 constitutes a refrigerant circuit switching means (switching valve) that switches the refrigerant circuit in each operation mode described above together with the on-off valve 15a, and its operation is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 100. Electric three-way valve.

  Specifically, the three-way valve 20 connects the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the cooling fixed throttle 17 as shown by the broken line arrow or the double broken line arrow in FIG. 1 in the cooling mode and the dehumidifying heating mode. In the heating mode and the defrosting mode, accumulators arranged on the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the suction port side of the compressor 11 as shown by the solid line arrows or the double solid line arrows in FIG. It switches to the refrigerant circuit which connects 19 refrigerant | coolant inlet sides.

  The three-way valve 20 can completely switch the refrigerant circuit according to the operation mode. Specifically, the fact that the refrigerant circuit can be completely switched means that, in the cooling mode and the dehumidifying and heating mode, the total flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is transferred to the refrigerant inlet side of the cooling fixed throttle 17. The refrigerant circuit is switched to a leading refrigerant circuit, and in the heating mode and the defrosting mode, the entire flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is arranged on the suction port side of the compressor 11 by bypassing the cooling fixed throttle 17 and the indoor evaporator 18. This means switching to a refrigerant circuit that leads to the refrigerant inlet side of the accumulator 19 that has been made.

  The basic configuration of the cooling fixed throttle 17 is the same as that of the heating fixed throttle 14, and constitutes a pressure reducing means. The indoor evaporator 18 is arranged in the casing 31 of the indoor air-conditioning unit 30 on the upstream side of the blower air flow of the indoor condenser 13, and exchanges heat between the refrigerant circulating in the interior and the blown air so that the blown air is exchanged. A cooling heat exchanger for cooling.

  The inlet side of the accumulator 19 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor evaporator 18. The accumulator 19 is a gas-liquid separator that separates the gas-liquid refrigerant flowing into the accumulator 19 and stores excess refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle. Further, the suction port side of the compressor 11 is connected to the gas phase refrigerant outlet of the accumulator 19.

  Next, the indoor air conditioning unit 30 will be described. The indoor air-conditioning unit 30 is disposed inside the instrument panel (instrument panel) at the foremost part of the vehicle interior, and a blower (blower means) 32, the above-described indoor evaporator 18, the indoor condensing in a casing 31 forming the outer shell thereof. The container 13 and the air mix door 34 are accommodated.

  The casing 31 is formed of a resin (for example, polypropylene) having a certain degree of elasticity and excellent in strength, and forms an air passage for blown air to be blown into the vehicle interior. An inside / outside air switching device (inside / outside air switching means) 33 for switching between and introducing inside air (vehicle compartment air) and outside air (vehicle compartment outside air) into the casing 31 is disposed on the most upstream side of the blast air flow of the casing 31. Yes.

  The inside / outside air switching device 33 continuously adjusts the opening area of the inside air introduction port through which the inside air is introduced into the casing 31 and the outside air introduction port through which the outside air is introduced by the inside / outside air switching door. The air volume ratio is continuously changed. The inside / outside air switching door is driven by an electric actuator for the inside / outside air switching door, and the operation of the electric actuator is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 100.

  On the downstream side of the air flow of the inside / outside air switching device 33, a blower (blower) 32 that blows air sucked through the inside / outside air switching device 33 toward the vehicle interior is arranged. The blower 32 is an electric blower that drives a centrifugal multiblade fan (sirocco fan) with an electric motor, and the number of rotations (the amount of blown air) is controlled by a control voltage output from the air conditioning control device 100.

  On the downstream side of the air flow of the blower 32, the indoor evaporator 18 and the indoor condenser 13 are arranged in the order of the indoor evaporator 18 → the indoor condenser 13 with respect to the flow of the blown air. In other words, the indoor evaporator 18 is arranged on the upstream side of the air flow with respect to the indoor condenser 13.

  In the casing 31, an air mix door 34 that adjusts the air volume ratio between the air volume that passes through the indoor condenser 13 and the air volume that does not pass through the indoor condenser 13 among the blown air after passing through the indoor evaporator 18 is disposed. Has been. The air mix door 34 is driven by an electric actuator for driving the air mix door, and the operation of the electric actuator is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 100.

  Furthermore, an opening hole for blowing the blown air that has passed through the indoor condenser 13 or the blown air that has bypassed the indoor condenser 13 into the vehicle interior that is the air-conditioning target space is provided in the most downstream portion of the air flow of the casing 31. ing. Specifically, the opening hole includes a defroster opening hole 37a for blowing the conditioned air 103f toward the inner surface of the vehicle front window glass, a face opening hole 37b for blowing the conditioned air toward the upper body of the passenger in the vehicle compartment, and the feet of the passenger The foot opening hole 37c which blows air-conditioning wind toward is provided.

  The air flow downstream side of these defroster opening hole 37a, face opening hole 37b and foot opening hole 37c is connected to a defroster air outlet 103, a face air outlet 104, and a It is connected to the foot outlet 107.

  Accordingly, during the cooling mode and the dehumidifying heating mode, the hot air reheated by the indoor condenser 13 out of the blown air cooled by the indoor evaporator 18 by adjusting the opening degree of the air mix door 34. And the air volume ratio with the cold air that bypasses the indoor condenser 13 are adjusted. And the temperature of the mixed air which mixed warm air and cold air, ie, the blowing air which blows off into a vehicle interior, is adjusted by adjustment of this air volume ratio. In the cooling mode, the air mix door 34 may be displaced to a position where the total air volume of the blown air after passing through the indoor evaporator 18 bypasses the indoor condenser 13.

  Further, on the upstream side of the air flow of the defroster opening hole 37a, the face opening hole 37b, and the foot opening hole 37c, the opening areas of the defroster door 38a and the face opening hole 37b for adjusting the opening area of the defroster opening hole 37a are adjusted. A foot door 38c for adjusting the opening area of the face door 38b and the foot opening hole 37c is disposed.

  The defroster door 38a, the face door 38b, and the foot door 38c constitute an outlet mode switching means for switching the outlet mode, and are connected to an electric actuator for driving the outlet mode door via a link mechanism or the like. Then it is rotated in conjunction with it. The operation of this electric actuator is also controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 100.

  Further, as the outlet mode switched by the outlet mode switching means, the face mode is such that the face outlet 104 is fully opened and air is blown out from the face outlet 104 toward the upper body of the passenger in the passenger compartment, the face outlet 104 and the foot outlet. A bi-level mode in which both the outlets 107 are opened and air is blown toward the upper body and the feet of the passengers in the passenger compartment, the foot outlet 107 is fully opened and the defroster outlet 103 is opened by a small opening degree. There is a foot mode in which mainly air is blown out, and a foot defroster mode in which the foot air outlet 107 and the defroster air outlet 103 are opened to the same extent and air is blown out from both the foot air outlet 107 and the defroster air outlet 103.

  Further, when the occupant manually operates the blow mode switching switch 310 provided on the operation panel 100p, the defroster mode (DEF) mode (DEF) in which the defroster blowout port 103 is fully opened and air is blown from the defroster blowout port 103 to the inner surface of the front window 105 of the vehicle. ).

  Next, the electric control unit of this embodiment will be described. A control device (control means) that constitutes the air conditioning control device 100 includes a known microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like and peripheral circuits thereof. Then, various calculations and processes are performed based on the air-conditioning control program stored in the ROM, and the on-off valve 15a and the three-way valve 20 constituting the inverter for the compressor 11 and the refrigerant circuit switching means connected to the output side thereof. The operation of various air conditioning control devices such as the blower fan 16a, the blower 32, and the various electric actuators described above is controlled.

  Further, on the input side of the air-conditioning control device 100, an inside air sensor as an inside air temperature detecting means for detecting a vehicle interior temperature (inside air temperature) Tr, an outside air temperature detecting means for detecting a vehicle outside temperature (outside air temperature or outside air temperature) Tam. As an outside air temperature sensor 101, a solar radiation sensor as a solar radiation amount detecting means for detecting the solar radiation amount Ts irradiated into the vehicle interior, a discharge temperature sensor for detecting a refrigerant discharge temperature Td in the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11, and a compressor 11 discharge The discharge pressure sensor for detecting the refrigerant discharge refrigerant pressure Pd, the evaporator temperature sensor 42 for detecting the refrigerant evaporation temperature (evaporator temperature) Te in the indoor evaporator 18, and the outdoor heat exchanger downstream temperature T16 of the outdoor heat exchanger 16. The detection signal of the sensor group for air-conditioning control such as the outdoor flow exchanger after-flow temperature sensor 43 is detected. In FIG. 1, only the outside air temperature sensor 101 that detects the outside air temperature Tam is shown as a representative.

  In the cooling mode, the discharge refrigerant pressure Pd of the present embodiment is the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure of the cycle from the refrigerant discharge port side of the compressor 11 to the cooling fixed throttle 17 inlet side, and in the heating mode, the compressor 11 This is the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure of the cycle from the refrigerant discharge port side to the heating fixed throttle 14 inlet side.

  Further, operation signals from various air conditioning operation switches provided on the operation panel 100p disposed near the instrument panel in the front part of the vehicle interior are input to the input side of the air conditioning control device 100. Specifically, various air conditioning operation switches provided on the operation panel include an operation switch of the vehicle air conditioner 1, an auto switch for setting or canceling the automatic control of the vehicle air conditioner 1, and an operation mode switching for switching the operation mode. There are a switch, an air outlet mode switching switch for switching the air outlet mode, an air volume setting switch for the blower 32, a vehicle interior temperature setting switch as a target temperature setting means for setting the vehicle interior target temperature Tset, and the like.

  Next, the operation of the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described. As described above, in the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present embodiment, the cooling mode for cooling the passenger compartment, the heating mode for heating the passenger compartment, and the defrosting when the frost is generated in the outdoor heat exchanger 16 are removed. The operation of the defrosting mode to be performed can be switched. Below, the operation | movement in each operation mode is demonstrated.

(A) Cooling mode The cooling mode is started when the cooling mode is selected by the selection switch in a state where the auto switch of the operation panel is turned on (ON). In the cooling mode, the air conditioning control device 100 opens the on-off valve 15a and controls the operation of the three-way valve 20 so as to connect the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the refrigerant inlet side of the cooling fixed throttle 17.

  Thereby, as indicated by the broken line arrow in FIG. 1, the compressor 11 → the indoor condenser 13 (→ the bypass passage 15) → the outdoor heat exchanger 16 (→ the three-way valve 20) → the cooling fixed throttle 17 → the indoor evaporator 18 A refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant circulates in the order of accumulator 19 → compressor 11 is configured. That is, a refrigeration cycle is configured in which the indoor condenser 13 and the outdoor heat exchanger 16 function as a radiator that radiates heat to the refrigerant, and the indoor evaporator 18 functions as an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant.

  Since the three-way valve 20 of the present embodiment can completely switch the refrigerant circuit, in the cooling mode, the total flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is passed through the stationary throttle 17 for the indoor evaporator 18. Flow into.

  With this refrigerant circuit configuration, the air conditioning control device 100 reads the detection signal of the air conditioning control sensor group and the operation signal of the operation panel 100p. And the target blowing temperature TAO which is the target temperature of the air which blows off into a vehicle interior is calculated based on the value of a detection signal and an operation signal. Furthermore, based on the calculated target blowing temperature TAO and the detection signal of the sensor group, the operating states of various air conditioning control devices connected to the output side of the air conditioning control device 100 are determined.

  For example, with respect to the amount of air blown by the blower 32 (that is, the blower motor voltage output to the electric motor of the blower 32), the control map stored in advance in the ROM of the air conditioning control device 100 is referred to based on the target blowout temperature TAO. Determined. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the blower motor voltage is set to a high voltage near the maximum value in the extremely low temperature region (maximum cooling region) and the extremely high temperature region (maximum heating region) of the target blowing temperature TAO, and the air flow rate of the blower 32 is set. Is controlled to approach the maximum airflow. Further, as the target blowing temperature TAO goes from the extremely low temperature region or the extremely high temperature region to the intermediate temperature region, the blower motor voltage is decreased to control the air flow rate.

  Further, the opening degree of the air mix door 34 (that is, a control signal output to the electric actuator for driving the air mix door) is determined so that the temperature of the blown air blown into the room approaches the target blowing temperature TAO. .

  Further, the outlet mode (that is, a control signal output to the electric actuator for driving the outlet mode door) is determined based on the target outlet temperature TAO with reference to a control map stored in the air-conditioning control device 100 in advance. Is done. In the present embodiment, the outlet mode is sequentially switched from the face mode to the bi-level mode to the foot mode as the target outlet temperature TAO increases from the low temperature region to the high temperature region.

  Further, the suction port mode (that is, the control signal output to the electric actuator of the inside / outside air switching device 33) is also determined with reference to the control map stored in advance in the air conditioning control device 100 based on the target blowing temperature TAO. The In the present embodiment, the outside air mode for introducing outside air is basically given priority, but the inside air mode for introducing inside air is selected when the target blowing temperature TAO is in a very low temperature range and high cooling performance is desired. The

  Further, the refrigerant discharge capacity of the compressor 11 (that is, the control signal output to the inverter connected to the electric motor 11b of the compressor 11) is stored in advance in the air conditioning control device 100 based on the target blowing temperature TAO or the like. With reference to the control map, the target evaporation temperature TEO of the refrigerant evaporation temperature Te detected by the evaporator temperature sensor 42 is determined so as not to deteriorate the air conditioning feeling.

  Further, a deviation En (TEO−Te) between the target evaporation temperature TEO and the refrigerant evaporation temperature Te is calculated, and a deviation change rate Edot (En− (En− ()) obtained by subtracting the previously calculated deviation En−1 from the currently calculated deviation En. En-1)), based on the fuzzy inference based on the membership function and rules stored in advance in the air conditioning control device 100, the rotational speed change amount ΔfC with respect to the previous compressor rotational speed fCn-1 is calculated. The control signal output to the inverter is determined in accordance with this.

  Then, the control signal determined as described above is output to various air conditioning control devices. Thereafter, until the operation stop of the vehicle air conditioner 1 is requested by the operation panel 100p, the detection signal and the operation signal are read at every predetermined control cycle → the target blowout temperature TAO is calculated → the operating states of various air conditioning control devices are determined. -> Control routines such as control voltage and control signal output are repeated. Such a control routine is basically repeated in the same manner during other operations.

  Therefore, in the heat pump cycle 10 in the cooling mode, the high-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 exchanges heat with a part of the blown air after passing through the indoor evaporator 18 in the indoor condenser 13 to Part is heated. Further, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor condenser 13 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 16 through the bypass passage 15, and radiates heat by exchanging heat with the outside air blown from the blower fan 16 a in the outdoor heat exchanger 16.

  The refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 flows into the cooling fixed throttle 17 via the three-way valve 20 and is decompressed and expanded by the cooling fixed throttle 17. The low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the cooling fixed throttle 17 flows into the indoor evaporator 18, absorbs heat from the blown air blown from the blower 32, and evaporates. The air blown through the indoor evaporator 18 is cooled by the endothermic action of the refrigerant.

  As described above, a part of the blown air cooled by the indoor evaporator 18 is heated by the indoor condenser 13 so that the blown air blown into the vehicle interior approaches the target blowing temperature TAO. It is adjusted and cooling of the passenger compartment is realized. Further, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor evaporator 18 flows into the accumulator 19. The gas-phase refrigerant separated from the gas and liquid by the accumulator 19 is sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed again.

(B) Heating mode The heating mode is started when the heating mode is selected by the selection switch while the auto switch of the operation panel 100p is turned on. In the heating mode, the air conditioning control device 100 controls the operation of the three-way valve 20 so as to close the on-off valve 15a and connect the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the refrigerant inlet side of the accumulator 19. Further, the air conditioning control device 100 displaces the air mix door 34 so that the total amount of the blown air after passing through the indoor evaporator 18 flows into the indoor condenser 13.

  As a result, as indicated by the solid arrows in FIG. 1, the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor 11 → the indoor condenser 13 → the heating fixed throttle 14 → the outdoor heat exchanger 16 (→ the three-way valve 20) → the accumulator 19 → the compressor 11. A circulating refrigeration cycle is constructed. That is, a refrigeration cycle is configured in which the indoor condenser 13 functions as a radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger 16 functions as an evaporator.

  In addition, since the three-way valve 20 of the present embodiment can completely switch the refrigerant circuit, in the heating mode, an accumulator in which the total flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is arranged on the suction port side of the compressor 11 is provided. 19 flow into. Therefore, a small flow rate of refrigerant does not flow into the indoor evaporator 18 via the cooling fixed throttle 17.

  In the heating mode, the refrigerant discharge capacity of the compressor 11 is determined as follows. In the heating mode, the target high pressure of the discharge refrigerant pressure (high-pressure side refrigerant pressure) Pd detected by the discharge pressure sensor is referred to a control map stored in advance in the air conditioning control device 100 based on the target blowout temperature TAO or the like. Determine the PDO.

  Then, a deviation Pn (PDO−Pd) between the target high pressure PDO and the discharge side refrigerant pressure Pd is calculated, and a deviation change rate Pdot (Pn− (Pn− ( Pn-1)), and based on the fuzzy inference based on the membership function and rules stored in advance in the air conditioning control device 100, the rotational speed change amount ΔfH with respect to the previous compressor rotational speed fHn-1 is calculated. The control signal output to the inverter is determined in accordance with this.

  Therefore, in the heat pump cycle 10 in the heating mode, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 radiates heat to the blown air blown from the blower 32 by the indoor condenser 13. Thereby, the blowing air which passes the indoor condenser 13 is heated, and heating of a vehicle interior is implement | achieved. The refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor condenser 13 is decompressed by the heating fixed throttle 14 and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 16.

  The refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 16 absorbs heat from the vehicle exterior air blown from the blower fan 16a and evaporates. The refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 flows into the accumulator 19 through the three-way valve 20. The gas-phase refrigerant separated from the gas and liquid by the accumulator 19 is sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed again.

(C) Dehumidifying heating mode The dehumidifying heating mode is started when the dehumidifying heating mode is selected by the selection switch while the auto switch of the operation panel 100p is turned on. In the dehumidifying heating mode, the air conditioning control device 100 controls the operation of the three-way valve 20 to close the on-off valve 15a and connect the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the refrigerant inlet side of the cooling fixed throttle 17. .

  Thereby, as indicated by a double broken line arrow in FIG. 1, the compressor 11 → the indoor condenser 13 → the heating fixed throttle 14 → the outdoor heat exchanger 16 (→ the three-way valve 20) → the cooling fixed throttle 17 → the indoor evaporation. A refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the vessel 18 → accumulator 19 → compressor 11 is configured. Also in this dehumidifying heating mode, a refrigeration cycle is configured in which the indoor condenser 13 and the outdoor heat exchanger 16 function as a radiator that radiates heat to the refrigerant, and the indoor evaporator 18 functions as an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant.

  Since the three-way valve 20 of the present embodiment can completely switch the refrigerant circuit, in the dehumidifying and heating mode, the total flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is transferred to the indoor evaporator via the cooling fixed throttle 17. 18 flows into.

  Therefore, in the heat pump cycle 10 in the dehumidifying and heating mode, the high-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 exchanges heat with a part of the blown air that has passed through the indoor evaporator 18 in the indoor condenser 13 and blown air. A part of is heated. Further, the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor condenser 13 is decompressed by the heating fixed throttle 14 and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 16. The refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 16 exchanges heat with the outside air blown from the blower fan 16a to radiate heat.

  The refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 flows into the cooling fixed throttle 17 via the three-way valve 20 and is decompressed and expanded by the cooling fixed throttle 17. The low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the cooling fixed throttle 17 flows into the indoor evaporator 18, absorbs heat from the blown air blown from the blower 32, and evaporates. Due to the endothermic action of the refrigerant, the blown air passing through the indoor evaporator 18 is cooled and dehumidified. The subsequent operation is the same as in the cooling mode.

  As described above, in the dehumidifying and heating mode, as in the cooling mode, the blown air cooled by the indoor evaporator 18 is heated by the indoor condenser 13 and blown out into the vehicle interior to perform dehumidification heating in the vehicle interior. be able to. At this time, since the on-off valve 15a is closed in the dehumidifying and heating mode, the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 16 can be lowered than in the cooling mode.

  Therefore, the temperature difference between the temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the outside air temperature Tam can be reduced, and the heat radiation amount of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 16 can be reduced. Thereby, in dehumidification heating mode, the thermal radiation amount of the refrigerant | coolant in the indoor condenser 13 can be increased, and the heating capability of the ventilation air in the indoor condenser 13 can be improved rather than the cooling mode.

(D) Defrost mode The defrost mode is started when it is determined that frost formation has occurred in the outdoor heat exchanger 16 during the heating mode. Various methods can be employed for such frost determination. For example, the outdoor heat exchanger wake temperature (refrigerant temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger wake) T16 detected by the outdoor unit exchanger wake temperature sensor 43 is equal to or lower than a predetermined reference temperature (for example, 0 ° C.). At this time, it may be determined that frost formation has occurred in the outdoor heat exchanger 16.

  In the defrost mode, the air conditioning control device 100 opens the on-off valve 15a and controls the operation of the three-way valve 20 so as to connect the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the refrigerant inlet side of the accumulator 19. Further, the air conditioning control device 100 displaces the air mix door 34 so that the total air volume of the blown air after passing through the indoor evaporator 18 bypasses the indoor condenser 13.

  As a result, as indicated by a double solid line arrow in FIG. 1, the compressor 11 (→ the indoor condenser 13 → the bypass passage 15) → the outdoor heat exchanger 16 (→ the three-way valve 20) → the accumulator 19 → the compressor 11. A hot gas cycle in which the refrigerant circulates is configured. In the defrosting mode, the blown air does not flow into the indoor condenser 13 due to the action of the air mix door 34, so that the refrigerant hardly radiates heat in the indoor condenser 13.

  Further, since the three-way valve 20 of the present embodiment can completely switch the refrigerant circuit, in the defrost mode, the total flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out from the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is arranged on the suction port side of the compressor 11. It flows into the accumulator 19. Therefore, a small flow rate of refrigerant does not flow into the indoor evaporator 18 via the cooling fixed throttle 17.

  Therefore, in the heat pump cycle 10 in the defrosting mode, the high-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and dissipates heat. Thereby, the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is heated and defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 is realized. The refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 flows into the accumulator 19 through the three-way valve 20. The gas-phase refrigerant that has been gas-liquid separated by the accumulator 19 is sucked into the compressor 11.

  The vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment operates as described above to realize cooling, heating, and dehumidifying heating in the passenger compartment, and when the frost is generated in the outdoor heat exchanger 16, it is removed. The outdoor heat exchanger 16 can be defrosted by executing the operation in the frost mode.

  Furthermore, in the heat pump cycle 10 of the present embodiment, the three-way valve 20 serving as the refrigerant circuit switching means bypasses the indoor evaporator 18 for the total flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 during the heating mode and the defrosting mode. Thus, the refrigerant circuit that leads to the suction port side of the compressor 11 is switched to prevent the refrigerant having a slight flow rate from flowing into the indoor evaporator 18. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a so-called refrigeration oil stagnation phenomenon in which refrigeration oil mixed in the refrigerant stays in the indoor evaporator 18.

  As a result, since it can suppress that the quantity of the refrigeration oil supplied to the compressor 11 reduces, protection of the compressor 11 can be aimed at. Furthermore, it is suppressed that the heat exchange performance of the indoor evaporator 18 is lowered due to the stagnation phenomenon of the refrigerating machine oil, and the indoor evaporator 18 is switched to the cooling mode or the dehumidifying heating mode from the heating mode or the defrosting mode. It can suppress that the cooling capability exhibited by this will fall.

  In the heat pump cycle 10 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant circuit switching means connects the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the inlet side of the compressor 11 (specifically, the inlet side of the accumulator 19). A three-way valve 20 for switching the refrigerant circuit and the refrigerant circuit connecting the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 and the refrigerant inlet side of the cooling fixed throttle 17 is employed.

  Therefore, a refrigerant circuit that leads the entire flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 to the suction port side of the compressor 11 in the heating mode can be realized very easily. Furthermore, when the refrigerant circuit switching means is configured by combining a plurality of on-off valves, the entire cycle can be simplified, and complication of control when switching the refrigerant circuit can be suppressed.

  Further, in the heat pump cycle 10 of the present embodiment, not only in the heating mode but also in the defrost mode, the refrigerant circuit that switches the total flow rate of the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 16 to the suction port side of the compressor 11 is switched. Thus, it is possible to suppress the refrigeration oil from staying in the indoor evaporator 18 with more certainty.

  Reference numeral 41 denotes a high-pressure sensor, 42 denotes an evaporator temperature sensor, and 43 denotes an outdoor heat exchanger downstream temperature sensor, which are existing in the refrigeration system, that is, essential for the refrigeration cycle. The high pressure sensor 41 also exists in an air conditioner cycle that performs only normal cooling, and stops the compressor 11 when the high pressure becomes too high to protect the compressor 11. There is a relief valve as similar equipment protection. The mechanical protection by the relief valve operates at a pressure of 3.5 MPa, and the protection through the program of the control device 100 by the high-pressure sensor 41 operates at a pressure of 3.04 MPa.

The evaporator temperature sensor (post-evaporator sensor) 42 is also present in an air-conditioner cycle that performs only normal cooling, protects equipment that prevents the evaporator 18 from freezing, and prevents the smell of a frozen odor. The outdoor unit exchanger downstream flow temperature sensor 43 is a sensor specific to the heat pump cycle, and determines whether or not the outdoor unit heat exchanger 16 is frosted during heating.
(Operation of the first embodiment)
Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described based on the flowchart. In FIG. 2, when the logic of the electric heating element inhibition prevention control executed by the control device 100 is started, in step S01, the current operation state such as heating or cooling, the operation state of the defroster switch (DEF button) in the operation panel 100p. The outside air temperature Tam measured by the outside air temperature sensor 101, the high pressure measured by the high pressure sensor 41, the open / close state of the high pressure valve (open / close valve) 15a, the switching state of the three-way valve 20, the rotation speed of the compressor 11 (compressor rotation speed) ) And the like are acquired by an air conditioning control device (also referred to as an air conditioner ECU) constituting the control means 100.

  Next, in step S02p, the blowout temperature Tf of the conditioned air 103f blown from the defroster blowout outlet 103 toward the window 102 is obtained from the refrigerant temperature value calculated from the high pressure measured by the high pressure sensor 41 using a map. .

  Next, in step S02, based on the various values detected in step S01, a differential mode in which the conditioned air 103f is blown from the defroster outlet 103 toward the window 102 is set, and the electric heating element for the window 102 is set. 102e is energized to generate heat, the refrigeration cycle (heat pump) is in the heating operation instruction state, and the blowing temperature Tf, which is the temperature of the conditioned air 103f blown from the defroster outlet 103 toward the window 102, is a predetermined temperature. It is determined whether it is smaller than (eg 36 ° C.). The blowing temperature Tf is detected using the control map from the high pressure detected by the high pressure sensor 41 as described above.

  Here, the condition determined in step S02 is that the condition 1 is that the differential mode in which the conditioned air 103f is blown from the defroster outlet 103 toward the window 102 is set, and the condition 2 is that the electric power for the window 102 is set. The heating element 102e is energized and the window 102 is heated. Condition 3 is that the refrigeration cycle (heat pump) is in the heating operation instruction state (note that although the heating operation instruction is issued, the compressor is not operated. However, since there is a case where the heating operation is not yet performed, it may be in the “heating operation instruction state”.), Condition 4 is the temperature of the conditioned air 103 f blown from the defroster outlet 103 toward the window 102. The blowing temperature Tf is lower than a predetermined temperature (for example, 36 ° C.). When all of these conditions 1 to 4 are satisfied, the determination result in step S02 is YES, and the process proceeds to the next step S03.

  In step S03, the blower air volume of the blower means including the blower 32 is set to zero regardless of whether the vehicle air conditioner is operating in the auto mode or the vehicle air conditioner 1 is operating in the manual mode. Then, the logic of the electric heating element inhibition prevention control is finished. If the determination result in step S02 is NO, the operation of the blower means 32 is set to the normal operation in step S04, and the electric heating element inhibition prevention control logic is terminated.

  By the way, with the conventional control, the actual blowout temperature is unknown only by determining the compressor state and the combustion heater state, the blowout temperature remains transiently low, in the auto mode, or by the passenger's manual In some cases, the blower air volume is increased by the operation and the performance of the electric heating element of the window is hindered. Thus, the blower air volume is reduced to zero, and the heating of the window 102 by the electric heating element 102e is not hindered by the cold air from the defroster outlet 103, so that the effect of the electric heating element 102e can be exhibited reliably.

  In addition, the conventional control determines the state of the compressor and the state of the combustion heater, and when the air conditioning capacity is reduced at low temperatures, the blower air volume is reduced or reduced to zero. This is only when the air conditioner is set to auto mode, and when the so-called manual blower is operated, such as when the occupant manually increases the blower air volume, the user's operation is given priority, so the air volume may increase. In this case, the operation of the electric heating element is hindered. However, in the first embodiment, the function of the electric heating element 102e can be utilized to the maximum in every scene of the low outside temperature where the electric heating element 102e for the window 102 is energized and operated. Time shortening until the frost (outside frost) adhering to the outside clears and malfunction of the electric heating element 102e can be prevented in advance.

  In addition, the blowing temperature Tf is calculated | required from the refrigerant | coolant temperature calculated by a map as being a function of the high pressure detected by the high pressure sensor 41. In this case, the pressure-temperature conversion map of FIG. 3A or the pressure-temperature conversion table of FIG. These maps or conversion tables are stored in a memory in the control device 100. In FIG. 3, the map values differ slightly depending on the type of refrigerant (HFC 134a, 1234yf). The value (point value) in the pressure-temperature conversion table of FIG. 4B may be read from the memory, and the value between the point value and the point value may be obtained by linear interpolation.

  In the first embodiment, the electric heating element 102e having a heat generating portion that heats the vehicle window 102 when energized, and the casing 31 including the defroster outlet 103 that blows conditioned air toward the window 102; The blower means 32 for flowing the conditioned air into the casing 31, the heating heat exchanger 13 provided in the casing 31 for heating the conditioned air during the heating operation, and the temperature of the conditioned air blown from the defroster outlet 103 are measured. Alternatively, it includes the estimated blow temperature determining means S02p and the control means 100 for executing the blow mode control for blowing the conditioned air from the defroster outlet 103 and the temperature control of the conditioned air including the heating operation.

  The control means 100 determines the blowout temperature when the differential mode in which the conditioned air is blown out from the defroster blowout outlet 103 is set, the electric heating element 102e is energized, the window 102 is heated, and the heating operation is instructed. The determining means S02 for determining whether or not the blowing temperature measured or estimated by the means S02p is lower than a predetermined temperature, and the determining means S02 have determined that the blowing temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature. In this case, no air volume setting means for setting the air volume of the blower means 32 to zero, whether the control of the blower means 32 by the control means 100 is controlled in the auto mode or the manual mode. S03.

  According to this, when the differential mode is set, the electric heating element is energized to heat the window, and in the heating operation instruction state, when the blowing temperature toward the window is lower than a predetermined temperature, Regardless of whether the blower control is in auto mode or manual mode, the blower air volume is forcibly set to zero.For example, the window generated due to insufficient refrigerant quantity, lowering of the heat source temperature, compressor malfunction, etc. It is possible to prevent the electric heating element from hindering the action of heating the window by the low temperature blowing air that is directed.

  Moreover, the heat exchanger 13 for heating consists of the heating part of a heat pump cycle. Therefore, insufficient heating is likely to occur when the outside air temperature is low, and even when the heating is insufficient, the low-temperature blown air toward the window can be stopped so that the electric heating element does not hinder the action of heating the window. it can.

  The blowing temperature determining means S02p calculates the blowing temperature based on the high pressure of the heat pump cycle detected by the high pressure sensor 41 that detects the pressure on the high pressure side of the heat pump cycle. Therefore, it is easy to cope with the case where there is no special temperature sensor.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following embodiments, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and different configurations and features will be described. In the said 1st Embodiment, although the detection of the blowing temperature was detected using the control map from the high pressure detected by the high pressure sensor, the blowing temperature sensor is used in this 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIG. A blowout temperature sensor 105 is provided at the defroster blowout port or the face blowout port from which the conditioned air is blown in the casing 31 as shown by the broken line in FIG. ing). The sensing value of the blowing temperature sensor 105 is set as the blowing temperature Tf. When the blowing temperature Tf obtained from the sensing value is lower than the predetermined temperature by comparing the blowing temperature Tf with the predetermined temperature in step S02, any value is determined in step S03. Even in this case, the blower air volume is set to zero.

  In addition, the attachment position of the blowing temperature sensor 105 may not be in the defroster blower outlet 103, and may be in the face blower outlet 104 (vent vent outlet) like FIG. If the temperature sensor 105 for temperature feed control attached to the face outlet 104 is an existing one, it can be used as the outlet temperature sensor 105 for estimating the outlet temperature from the defroster outlet 103.

  In the second embodiment, the blowing temperature determining means S02p that measures or estimates the temperature of the conditioned air blown from the defroster outlet 103 determines the temperature of the conditioned air blown from the defroster outlet 103 or the face outlet 104. The temperature sensor 105 directly measures and measures or estimates the temperature of the conditioned air blown from the defroster outlet 103. Therefore, it is possible to actually measure or estimate the temperature of the conditioned air blown out from the outlet toward the window.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. Features different from the above-described embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 shows an operation panel 100 p that provides operation information to the control device 100 and displays an operating state of the vehicle air conditioner 1. In FIG. 4, the operation panel 100 p will be described. The operation panel 100 p in this example performs cooling, heating, air blowing operation mode switching, blowing mode switching, air volume switching, inside / outside air switching, and the like by turning on one auto switch 301. It is configured as a panel for an auto air conditioner that automatically performs in auto mode. Reference numeral 302 denotes an off switch for stopping the operation of the vehicle air conditioner 1.

  Reference numerals 303 and 304 denote room temperature target temperature setting switches (temperature setting means), the switch 303 is a target temperature increase switch, and the switch 304 is a target temperature decrease switch. The target temperature set by both switches 303 and 304 is digitally displayed on the temperature display unit 305.

  Reference numeral 306 denotes a blow mode setting switch for manually setting a blow mode other than the defroster mode by controlling the blow mode doors 38b and 38c. Reference numeral 106 denotes an air volume setting switch for manually setting the air volume into the passenger compartment by controlling the fan motor of the blower 32. Reference numeral 308 denotes a combustion heater off switch for forcibly stopping the operation of the combustion heater 52 of the hot water circuit 50 by manual operation. Reference numeral 309 denotes an inside / outside air changeover switch for controlling the inside / outside air switching means 33 to manually switch the inside / outside air intake into the vehicle interior.

  Reference numeral 310 denotes a diffslotter switch (also referred to as a DEF button), which manually controls the deflotter door 38a to set the deflotter blowout mode (the state in which only the deflotter blower outlet 103 is opened) and manually sets the air conditioner to the defrotter operating state. To do. In other words, in the present embodiment, when the deflotter switch 310 is manually operated and is turned on, the control device (air conditioner ECU) 100 sets the inside / outside air suction to the outside air mode and sets the blowing mode to the defroster blowing mode. And the electric heater 102e is programmed to be energized when the blower 32 is operated with a predetermined air volume and the outside air temperature Tam is equal to or lower than a predetermined value.

  Also in the third embodiment, since the manual blower operation is not accepted in the state of step S03 described above, if the blower operation is performed with the air volume setting switch 106, the user may be mistaken for a failure. Therefore, in the third embodiment, when the blower operation is performed with the air volume setting switch 106 in the state of step S03, the fan mark 106m is lit or blinked so as to inform the user that the blower operation itself has been accepted. Is displayed. This display is performed by the notification means 106d for notifying the reception of the operation by the operation switch 106 toward the vehicle interior when it is performed via the air volume setting switch 106 which is an operation switch for changing the blower air volume. This notification means 106d is made by a light emitting diode arranged on the back side of the fan mark 106m of the air volume setting switch 106 blinking or lighting according to a signal from the control device 100.

  In the third embodiment, when the no air volume setting unit S03 sets the air volume of the blower unit 32 to zero and the operation to change the blower air volume is performed via the operation switch 106, the operation is performed. An informing means 106d for informing the reception of the operation by the switch 106 toward the vehicle interior is provided.

  According to this, when the operation for changing the blower air volume is performed in the case where the air volume setting unit sets the air volume of the blower unit to zero, the operation acceptance is notified toward the vehicle interior. It is possible to prevent an operator from making a mistake with a device failure. The notification unit 106d lights or blinks the display portion of the operation switch 106 on which the operation for changing the air volume is performed. Therefore, it can be easily prevented that the operator mistakes the device for failure.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Features different from the above-described embodiment will be described. In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of conditions determined in step S <b> 02 is a condition 1 in which a differential mode is set in which the conditioned air 103 f is blown out from the defroster outlet 103 toward the window 102. Condition 2 is determined that the signal from a window fogging sensor (not shown) is likely to fog the inside of the window 102 due to frost adhering to the outside of the window 102 (because of the influence of outside frost outside the window). Condition 3 is that the electric heating element 102e for the window 102 is energized and the window 102 is heated. Condition 4 is that the refrigeration cycle (heat pump) is instructed to perform heating operation. Condition 5 (the heating operation instruction has been given, but the compressor may not operate and may not be in operation, so it may be in the “heating operation instruction state”), and condition 5 is a defroster. Window from outlet 103 Outlet temperature Tf is the temperature of the conditioned air 103f blown out toward the 02 is less than a predetermined temperature (e.g. 36 ° C.). When all of these conditions 1 to 5 are satisfied, the determination result in step S02 is YES, and the process proceeds to the next step S03.

  In step S03, the blower air volume of the blower means including the blower 32 is set to zero regardless of whether the vehicle air conditioner 1 is operating in the auto mode or whether the vehicle air conditioner 1 is operating in the manual mode. Then, the logic of the electric heating element inhibition prevention control is finished. If the determination result in step S02 is NO, the operation of the blower means 32 is set to the normal operation in step S04, and the electric heating element inhibition prevention control logic is terminated. As the window fogging sensor, various sensors that detect the humidity in the passenger compartment including the inside of the casing 33, such as a known humidity sensor attached to the glass surface of the window 102, can be used.

  In the fourth embodiment, the air is blown out from the defroster outlet 103 toward the window 102 with high humidity inside the window 102 and the outside frost is not removed. It is possible to prevent adhesion and hindering quick removal of external frost by the electric heating element 102e (a part of the heat of the electric heating element 102e is consumed for evaporation of moisture).

(Fifth embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Features different from the above-described embodiment will be described. When the vehicle is traveling at a high speed, even when the blower means 32 is stopped, air outside the vehicle may enter the vehicle interior via the air outlet due to the ram pressure due to traveling. Therefore, in the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, in step S03, the blower air volume is set to zero, and the defroster outlet 103 is closed by the defroster door 38a that opens and closes the defroster outlet 103.

  In the fifth embodiment, when the vehicle travels at a high speed without removing some of the external frost from the window 102, the low wind blown toward the window 102 by the traveling wind can be blocked, so that it is more reliable. External frost can be removed by the electric heating element 102e.

  That is, in the fifth embodiment, when the defroster door 38a that opens and closes the defroster outlet 103 is provided, and the no air volume setting means S03 sets the air volume of the blower means 32 to zero, the defroster door 38a is Close the outlet 103. According to this, when the air volume of the blower means is set to zero, since the defroster door closes the defroster outlet, it is possible to prevent the low temperature blowing air from being blown toward the window due to traveling wind or the like. The electric heating element can be prevented from hindering the action of heating the window.

(Sixth embodiment)
Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Features different from the above-described embodiment will be described. When the vehicle is traveling at high speed, air outside the vehicle may enter the vehicle interior via the air outlet due to the ram pressure due to traveling even when the blower is stopped. This is particularly noticeable when the inside / outside air switching mode is set to the outside air introduction side.

  Therefore, in the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, in step S03, the blower air volume is set to zero and the inside / outside air switching door of the inside / outside air switching means 33 is set to the inside air circulation side (the side opposite to FIG. 1). It has been switched to. In addition, if this control is used together with the control of the fifth embodiment (the defroster outlet 103 is closed), the effect is great.

  In the sixth embodiment, there is provided inside / outside air switching means 33 for switching between taking in outside air or taking in inside air into the casing 31, the no air volume setting means S03 sets the air volume of the blower means 32 to zero, and The air switching means 33 is switched to the inside air side. According to this, since the air volume of the blower means is set to zero and the inside / outside air switching means is switched to the inside air side, it is possible to prevent the low temperature blowing air from being blown toward the window by the traveling wind or the like. It is possible to prevent the heating element from hindering the action of heating the window.

(Seventh embodiment)
Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. Features different from the above-described embodiment will be described. When the vehicle is traveling at high speed, air outside the vehicle may enter the vehicle interior via the air outlet due to the ram pressure due to traveling even when the blower is stopped.

  Therefore, in the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, in step S03, the blower air volume is set to zero, and the foot door 38c of the foot outlet is driven to open the foot outlet 107, so that the ram pressure is increased. I try to escape to my feet. In addition, when this control is used in combination with each control or both controls of the fifth embodiment (closing the defroster outlet 103) and the sixth embodiment (switching to the inside air circulation side), the effect is great.

  The seventh embodiment includes a foot outlet 107 that blows the conditioned air in the casing 33 to the feet of a passenger who has boarded the vehicle, and a foot door 38c that opens and closes the foot outlet 107. The air volume of the means 32 is set to zero, and the foot door 38c opens the foot outlet 107. Accordingly, since the traveling wind or the like is allowed to escape to the occupant's feet, it is possible to prevent the low temperature blowing air from being blown toward the window, and it is possible to prevent the electric heating element from hindering the action of heating the window.

(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is. The structure of the said embodiment is an illustration to the last, Comprising: The scope of the present invention is not limited to the range of these description. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the description of the scope of claims, and further includes meanings equivalent to the description of the scope of claims and all modifications within the scope.

  In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a vehicle air conditioner using a heat pump, but the refrigerant is cooled by evaporating the refrigerant with an evaporator in the casing, and the heating is from a heat source such as an engine that flows through a heat core provided in the casing. The present invention can also be applied to a vehicle air conditioner that uses hot water or a vehicle air conditioner that uses an electric heater provided in a casing for heating.

  That is, the refrigeration cycle may be an air conditioner cycle instead of a heat pump cycle. In this case, it is useful for a vehicle air conditioner mounted on a vehicle having a small amount of heat generated by an engine, such as a hybrid vehicle.

13 Heat exchanger for heating (indoor condenser)
32 Blower means 41 High pressure sensor 102e Electric heating element 103 Defroster outlet 106 Operation switch 106d Notification means S02 Determination means S02p Blowing temperature determination means S03 No air volume setting means

Claims (8)

An electrical heating element (102e) having a heating part for heating the vehicle window (102) when energized;
A casing (31) provided with a defroster outlet (103) for blowing conditioned air toward the window ;
Blower means for flowing the conditioned air into the casings in grayed (32),
The casings heating heat exchanger for heating the conditioned air at the time of heating operation is provided in the grayed (13),
A blowing temperature determining means (S02p) that measures or estimates the temperature of the conditioned air blown out the defroster outlet or al,
Comprising a control means (100) for performing the temperature control of the conditioned air, including a control and the heating operation of the air outlet mode for blowing the defroster outlet or al the conditioned air,
The control hand stage,
The defroster outlet or al the conditioned air defrost mode is set to be blown, the electric heating element the window is energized is heated, when in the indication state of the heating operation, the air temperature determined hand stage Determining means (S02) for determining whether the measured or estimated blowing temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature;
The determination hand stage, when the air temperature is determined to be lower than the predetermined temperature a predetermined control of the blower hand stage by the control hand stage that it would be if it is controlled in automatic mode Manual Whether the case being controlled by the mode comprises a calm amount setting means (S03) for setting to zero the air flow of the blower hand stage,
Furthermore, when the no air volume setting means sets the air volume of the blower means to zero, when the operation for changing the blower air volume is performed via the operation switch (106), the operation by the operation switch is performed. An air conditioner for a vehicle comprising an informing means (106d) for informing the reception toward the passenger compartment . The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the notification unit turns on or blinks a display portion of the operation switch on which the operation for changing the air volume is performed . The vehicular air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating heat exchanger comprises a heating part of a heat pump cycle . The air temperature determination means according to claim 3 in which the air temperature, characterized in that the pressure sensor (41) for detecting the pressure of the high pressure side of the heat pump cycle is calculated on the basis of the high pressure of the heat pump cycle detected vehicle air-conditioning apparatus according to. The blowing temperature determining means directly measures the temperature of the conditioned air blown from the defroster outlet or the face outlet (104) with a temperature sensor (105), and the conditioned air blown from the defroster outlet. The vehicle air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the temperature of the vehicle is measured or estimated . A defroster door (38a) for opening and closing the defroster outlet;
The windless amount setting means, when you are setting the air volume of the blower means to zero, the defroster door is according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that closing the defroster outlet Vehicle air conditioner. Inside / outside air switching means (33) for switching between taking in outside air or taking in inside air into the casing ,
The windless amount setting hand stages, the air volume of the blower hand stage is set to zero, and according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the external air switching means is characterized in that it is switched to inside air Vehicle air conditioner. Comprising a foot door (38c) for opening and closing the foot outlet (107) and the foot air outlet for blowing out the conditioned air within the casings grayed to the feet of the passenger who rides in the vehicle,
The windless amount setting hand stage, the blower hand sets the air volume of the stage to zero, and a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the foot door is characterized in that the foot outlet open mouth Air conditioner.

Images