JP5888765B2 - Coal ash compaction granulator - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a coal ash compaction granulator for producing granules by compacting a kneaded product of coal ash and shells into a solidified product.

  The amount of coal ash generated has been increasing year by year. In recent years, it has exceeded 10 million tons per year, and the amount of coal ash generated is expected to increase gradually in the future. Currently, about 70% of the generated coal ash is used as a raw material for cement. However, it is difficult to secure a new landfill site due to a decrease in cement production due to a decrease in public works, a rise in ash collection costs, and a new landfill site. There is a demand for the expansion of usage to other areas, especially the development of new applications that can be used in large quantities.

  On the other hand, scallops and oyster shells produced from 300,000 tons to 400,000 tons a year are becoming a serious problem as one of the problems of industrial waste disposal in local governments due to the shortage of landfill sites and the bad smell associated with landfills. .

  Under these circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have proposed to produce a coal ash solidified material that can be used for gravel, roadbed materials, etc., using coal ash, scallops and oyster shells. Development of artificial sand is being studied to increase the added value of coal ash solidified material. When using coal ash as artificial sand, from the viewpoints of storability, ease of transportation, and prevention of dust scattering, coal ash with poor handling properties may be made into granules (fine coal ash solidified product) by granulation. preferable.

  As one of the techniques of a granulating apparatus, an agitation granulating apparatus that produces granules by rolling / stirring operation is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). The stirring granulator is an apparatus for producing a granulated product by rotating a stirring blade inside a casing and stirring the powder and liquid binder. When the coal ash solidified product is granulated by rolling (stirring) granulation, the granulation mechanism granulates by collision of small particles, so it is porous, lightweight, and granulated with irregularities on the particle surface The product is difficult to use in a wide range of applications as artificial sand.

JP 2009-249359 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and is a granule that effectively uses coal ash and shells, and can produce a dense granule that can be applied as artificial sand by controlling the shape and surface properties. An object of the present invention is to provide an ash consolidation granulator.

In order to achieve the above object, a compacted granulation apparatus for coal ash according to claim 1 of the present invention is provided with a mold means to which a kneaded material containing coal ash, shell powder and lime is supplied, and is supplied to the mold means. The pressed kneaded product is pressed to a predetermined size to compress the kneaded product to obtain a solidified product, and the solidified product of the kneaded product consolidated by the pressurizing unit is broken. and壊砕means to granules by crushing, the corrupted has a mesh surface for sieving the corrupted crushed been granules by crushing means, a sieve vibration is given, the granules of which are distributed in the sieve unit A chamfering means that chamfers and suppresses the distribution of the diameter of the particles, and the chamfering means is a rotating disk in which a part of the disk surface is a rough surface part. The body is charged and the corners of the surface of the granules are removed by the rough surface .

In the present invention according to claim 1, the kneaded product is supplied to the mold means, and the kneaded product is pressed into a predetermined size by pressing the kneaded product by the pressurizing unit, thereby consolidating the kneaded product into a solidified product, and by the crushing unit. The solidified material is crushed to produce dense granules containing coal ash, shell powder, and limes. As a result, it is possible to produce a dense granule that can be applied as artificial sand by controlling the shape and surface properties of the granule that effectively uses coal ash and shells.
And a corner | angular_corner is taken by the granule beveling means distributed with the said sieve device, and it becomes possible to produce a round granule.

Moreover, the coal ash compacting and granulating apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention is the coal ash compacting and granulating apparatus according to the first aspect , wherein the mold means is pressed against the kneaded material by the pressing means. Thus, it is a means for compacting the solidified product in a plate shape. The coal ash compacting and granulating apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention is the coal ash compacting and granulating apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the mold means is pressed against the kneaded material by the pressurizing means. Thus, the solidified product is compacted in a pellet form.

In the present invention according to claims 2 and 3 , a plate-like solidified product or a pellet-like solidified product can be obtained, and an optimum solidified product can be obtained according to the crushing means.

Moreover, the coal ash compaction granulator of this invention which concerns on Claim 4 is a coal ash compaction granulator as described in any one of Claims 1-3. WHEREIN: The said kneaded material is made into predetermined shape. And a material supply means for supplying the mold means.

In the present invention according to claim 4 , the kneaded material can be supplied in a predetermined shape by the material supplying means.

  The coal ash compaction granulator of the present invention is a granule that effectively uses coal ash and shells, and it is possible to produce a dense granule that can be applied as artificial sand by controlling the shape and surface properties. .

1 is a conceptual diagram of a coal ash consolidation granulator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the type | mold means in FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the crushing means and the chamfering means in FIG. It is an external appearance photograph of the crushed grain. It is a conceptual diagram of the coal ash compaction granulator which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the mold means in FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the crushing means in FIG.

  The coal ash compacting and granulating apparatus of the present invention is a coal ash, shell powder, lime and a kneaded mixture containing coal ash, shell powder, gypsum and lime kneaded with a predetermined amount of water (mixing ratio is, for example, Coal ash: shell powder: gypsum: lime = 70: 17: 4: 9) is a device for producing a solidified product and breaking the solidified product into granules. Moreover, after crushing a solidified material as needed, the corner of a crushed material is taken and it is set as the rounded granule. By compacting a kneaded product containing coal ash, shell powder, gypsum, and lime to produce a solidified product, a dense solidified product having a large bulk density can be obtained. can do. By sieving the crushed dense particles with a desired roughness, particles with a suppressed particle size distribution can be obtained.

  The composition of the coal ash used as the kneaded product is not limited, and coal ash having any composition can be used. Moreover, fly ash and clinker ash can be used for the coal ash, and it is also possible to reuse the landfilled one.

Shellfish powder is obtained by using various shells such as scallops, oysters, clams and clams as powder, and the type of shellfish is not particularly limited. The shells that can be used as wastes can be used as they are, and there is no need to convert them into quick lime (CaO), slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ) or the like having a high hydration reaction activity.

As the lime, for example, quick lime (CaO), slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ) and the like can be applied. Moreover, what baked shellfish powder can be applied.

  In addition, gypsum is added to compensate for the shortage of total calcium content in the mixture with coal ash, shells (unfired), and limes, waste gypsum (desulfurized gypsum), chemical gypsum, Examples thereof include waste gypsum board powder and natural gypsum.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the above-described raw materials use as much waste coal ash and shell powder as possible, and the calcium content (calculated in terms of CaO) in the total amount is preferably 20% by mass to 40% by mass. . By setting the calcium content to 20% by mass to 40% by mass, a high-density, high-strength coal ash solidified product can be obtained.

  Thereby, the coal ash solidified material produced by the compacting granulator of the present invention does not need to use a raw material that exerts an effect on strength development such as a cement material, and uses coal ash or shell powder that becomes waste as a raw material. It can be effectively used for artificial sand, roadbed materials, fills and substitutes for concrete sand. In particular, it can be applied to sand gravel for beach nourishment as artificial sand by a rounded particle having a controlled particle size distribution.

  A first embodiment of a coal ash compaction granulator will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration showing the entire coal ash compaction granulator according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a specific example of the mold means in FIG. 1, and FIG. Specific examples of the crushing means and the chamfering means are shown. FIG. 4 shows a photograph of the appearance of the crushed grains.

  The overall configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, a pellet compacting means 3 is provided as a mold means to which a kneaded material 1 containing coal ash, shell powder, and limes is supplied via a hopper 2. The pellet compacting means 3 includes a cylindrical die 4, a lower die 5 and an upper die 6 that are fitted to the die 4, and the kneaded material 1 is supplied in a state where the lower die 5 is fitted inside the die 4. The kneaded product 1 is pressed to a predetermined size by pressing the upper mold 6 against the lower mold 5 (pressurizing means). When the kneaded product 1 is pressurized, the kneaded product 1 is consolidated, and pellets 7 as a solidified product are produced.

  A crusher 9 is provided as a crushing means for crushing the pellets 7 produced by the pellet compacting means 3 into granules 8. The crusher 9 includes a pair of toothed rolls 11, and a number of staggered convex teeth 12 are provided on the surface of the toothed roll 11. Pellets 7 are put between a pair of toothed rolls 11, and the toothed rolls 11 are rotated so that the pellets 7 are bitten by the convex teeth 12, and the pellets 7 are crushed into granules 8.

  A chamfering machine 13 is provided as a chamfering means for chamfering the granules 8 crushed by the crusher 9. The chamfering machine 13 is provided with a rotating disk 16 in which a part of the disk surface is a rough surface part 15, and the granular material 8 is placed on the rotating rotating disk 16, so The corners of the surface are removed. The granules 8 from which the corners of the surface have been removed by the chamfering machine 13 are collected in the collection container 17 and used for a desired application, and the removed powder of the chamfering machine 13 is returned to the hopper 2.

  The consolidation granulation process will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the kneaded material 1 is supplied from the hopper 2 to the pellet compacting means 3 in a state where the lower mold 5 is fitted inside the die 4. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the upper mold 6 is pressed against the lower mold 5 with the kneaded product 1 interposed therebetween, and the kneaded product 1 is pressurized and consolidated into pellets 7. After the pellet 7 is manufactured, the lower mold 5 is removed from the die 4 and the pellet 7 is discharged from the pellet compacting means 3.

  The pellet 7 discharged from the pellet compacting means 3 is put into a crusher 9 as shown in FIG. In the crusher 9, by rotating a pair of toothed rolls 11, the pellets 7 are bitten by the convex teeth 12 to be crushed, and are made into granules 8 of a predetermined size and discharged from the discharge hopper 14.

  As shown in FIG. 4, it has been confirmed that the pellets 7 are crushed to obtain particles 8 having a predetermined size.

  The particles 8 having a predetermined size are put into the corner cutter 13 as shown in FIG. In the cornering machine 13, the corners on the surface of the granule 8 are removed by the rough surface portion 15 by the rotation of the turntable 16. The particles 18 from which the corners of the surface have been removed by the corner cutter 13 are discharged from the discharge port 21 and collected in the collection container 17. The removed powder from which the corners have been removed falls to the lower part of the corner cutter 13, is scraped by the blades 22 attached to the back side of the rotating plate 16, and is returned to the hopper 2.

  The granules 18 collected in the collection container 17 are compacted by the pellet compacting means 3 and crushed by the crusher 9 and become granules 18 manufactured from a dense solidified product having a high bulk density. Moreover, since the corner | angular part is removed by the chamfering machine 13, the corner | angular part of the surface is removed and it becomes the granule 18 which was roundish and the distribution of the diameter was suppressed.

  As shown in Table 1, it has been confirmed that the granule 18 has a lower porosity and a higher bulk density than the agitation granulation. Moreover, it has been confirmed that the actual density is equal to or higher than that of stirring granulation.

[Table 1]

  As a result, it is possible to produce a dense granule 18 that can be applied as artificial sand by controlling the shape and surface properties with a granule that effectively uses coal ash and shells.

  A second embodiment of the coal ash compaction granulator will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration showing the whole of the coal ash compaction granulator according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a specific example of the mold means in FIG. 5, and FIG. Specific examples of the crushing means and the chamfering means are shown.

  The overall configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in the figure, a plate piece compacting means 27 is provided as a mold means for supplying a kneaded material 25 containing coal ash, shell powder, and limes via a hopper 26. The plate piece compacting means 27 includes a female die 28 having a plate-like (square, oval, etc.) concave portion and a male die 29 having a convex portion that fits into the female die 28. The kneaded material 25 is supplied between the concave portion of the female die 28 and the convex portion of the male die 29, and the male die 29 is pressed against the female die 28, whereby the kneaded material 25 is pressed into a predetermined plate shape ( Pressure means). When the kneaded material 25 is pressurized, the kneaded material 25 is consolidated, and a plate piece 31 as a solidified product is produced.

  A roll crusher 33 is provided as a crushing means for crushing the plate pieces 31 produced by the plate piece compacting means 27 to form granules 32. In the roll crusher 33, a large number of protrusions 35 are formed on the cylindrical surface of a pair of rotating rolls 34 that rotate in opposite directions, and a plate piece 31 is inserted between the pair of rotating rolls 34. By rotating the pair of rotating rolls 34, the plate pieces 31 are bitten by the projections 35, and the plate pieces 31 are crushed into granules 32.

  A sieve device 36 for sieving the granules 32 crushed by the roll crusher 33 is provided. The granule 32 crushed by the roll crusher 33 falls on the mesh surface of the sieve device 36, and vibration is applied to the sieve device 36, whereby the granule 32 smaller than a predetermined size passes through the mesh surface and is collected. Collected in a container 37.

  The consolidation granulation process will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the kneaded material 25 is supplied from the hopper 26 to the concave portion of the female die 28 of the plate piece compacting means 27. As shown in FIG. 6B, when the male mold 29 is clamped, the convex part of the male mold 29 is pressed against the concave part of the female mold 28 with the kneaded substance 25 interposed therebetween, and the kneaded substance 25 is pressurized. Then, it is consolidated into a plate piece 31. After the plate piece 31 is manufactured, the male die 29 is released, and the female die 28 rotates (or tilts) as shown in FIG. Discharged.

  The plate piece 31 discharged from the plate piece compaction means 27 is put into a roll crusher 33 as shown in FIG. In the roll crusher 33, the pair of rotating rolls 34 are rotated in the opposite directions so that the plate pieces 31 are bitten and broken by the projections 35, and are formed into granules 32 of a predetermined size and discharged to the sieve device 36. The In the sieve 36, the granules 32 smaller than a predetermined size pass through the mesh surface and are sieved, and the granules 32 having a predetermined diameter or less are collected in the collection container 37. The large-diameter particles 32 left in the sieve 36 are reused as the kneaded material 25.

  The granules 32 recovered in the recovery container 37 are compacted by the plate piece compacting means 27 and crushed by the roll crusher 33, and the granules 32 manufactured from a dense solidified product having a high bulk density Become. Moreover, since the granule 32 smaller than predetermined size is screened by the sieve device 36, it becomes the granule 32 with almost no diameter distribution.

  As a result, it is possible to produce a dense granule 32 that can be applied as artificial sand by controlling the shape and surface properties with a granule that effectively uses coal ash and shells.

The mold means and the crushing means in the above-described embodiments are examples, and other means can be applied as long as the kneaded product is compacted to produce a solidified product and the solidified product can be crushed. . It is also possible to add a sieve 36 to the compacting granulator of the first embodiment, or add a chamfering machine 13 to the compacting granulator of the second embodiment. Further, as a reference example, it is also possible to provide a chamfering machine 13 in place of the compaction granulator sieving apparatus 36 of the second embodiment.

  The coal ash compaction granulator described above produces a solidified product by compacting the kneaded product, and a granulated product produced from a dense solidified product having a high bulk density by crushing the compacted solidified product. can do. For this reason, it becomes possible to produce a dense granule that can be applied as artificial sand by controlling the shape and the surface properties with a granule that effectively uses coal ash and shells.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used in the industrial field of a coal ash compaction granulator that compacts and granulates a kneaded product of shells and coal ash.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,25 Kneaded material 2,26 Hopper 3 Pellet compaction means 4 Die 5 Lower mold 6 Upper mold 7 Pellet 8, 18, 32 Granule 9 Crusher 11 Toothed roll 12 Convex tooth 13 Chamfering machine 14 Discharge hopper 15 Rough surface part 16 Rotating discs 17, 37 Collection container 21 Discharge port 22 Blade 27 Plate piece compaction means 28 Female type 29 Male type 31 Plate piece 33 Roll crusher 34 Rotating roll 35 Protrusion 36 Sieve

Claims (4)

A mold means to which a kneaded material containing coal ash, shell powder, limes is supplied;
Pressing means for pressing the kneaded product supplied to the mold means and pressurizing the kneaded product to a predetermined size, thereby pressing the kneaded product into a solidified product; and
Crushing means for crushing the solidified product of the kneaded material consolidated by the pressurizing means to form granules;
Has a mesh surface for sieving the corrupted crushed been granules in the corrupted crushing means, a Sieve vibration is given,
Chamfering the particles distributed by the sieve device, and chamfering means for suppressing the distribution of the diameter of the particles,
The chamfering means is a rotating disk in which a part of the disk surface is a rough surface part, and the particles are put on the rotating rotating disk, and the corners of the surface of the particles are removed by the rough surface part. Coal ash compaction granulator. In the coal ash compaction granulator according to claim 1 ,
The mold means is a means for compacting the solidified product into a plate shape by pressing the kneaded material by the pressurizing means. In the coal ash compaction granulator according to claim 1 ,
The mold means is means for compacting the solidified product into a pellet form by pressing the kneaded product by the pressurizing unit. In the coal granulation apparatus of coal ash according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A coal ash compacting and granulating apparatus, comprising material supply means for supplying the kneaded material to the mold means in a predetermined shape.