JP5857382B2 - Sorting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sorting apparatus that sorts out magnetic metals, nonmagnetic metals, and nonmetals in a mixed recovered material.

In recent years, with the transition from a mass-consumption society to a recycling-oriented society centered on resource recycling, magnetic metals, non-magnetic metals and non-metals contained in recovered materials can be mechanically sorted and collected efficiently. Recycling of garbage is planned.
For example, empty cans and empty cans generated at home, such as steel cans (magnetic metal), aluminum cans (non-magnetic metal), bottles and plastic bottles (non-metal) are collected separately and reused. Yes.
In addition, industrial waste generated by crushing processing of machinery and buildings, such as iron pieces (magnetic metal), aluminum pieces (nonmagnetic metal), glass pieces and plastic pieces (nonmetal) are collected separately and recycled. It's being used.
In this specification, steel cans, aluminum cans, bottles and plastic bottles are collectively referred to as “empty cans”.
In this specification, objects to be sorted by the sorting device, that is, magnetic metals, nonmagnetic metals, and nonmetals are collectively referred to as “sorting objects”.

However, there are cases where these empty cans are disposed of without being separated in garbage collection containers installed in stores, convenience stores, etc., and household waste is often disposed of in a state where empty cans are mixed. . Moreover, the magnetic metal, nonmagnetic metal and nonmetal generated at the construction site are often mixed.
Thus, when it collects in the state where magnetic metal, nonmagnetic metal, and nonmetal were mixed, the recycling process is performed after performing the sorting process by the machine in the sorting processing facility.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a steel can sorter that picks up and collects steel cans collected by magnetic force among the collected empty cans, and an aluminum can that separates and collects aluminum cans by utilizing the repulsive action of eddy currents. Disclosed is a sorting apparatus including a sorting machine and a blowing sorting unit that blows air against a plastic bottle and a bottle, blows off a lighter plastic bottle, and naturally drops the bottle to sort and collect the plastic bottle and the bottle. Yes. According to this apparatus, four types of steel cans, aluminum cans, bottles and PET bottles can be selected with one apparatus.

  Here, the principle of operation of the aluminum can sorter described in Patent Document 1 utilizes eddy current and repulsion that are generally widely used. Specifically, a rotating rotor is inserted into a pulley around a conveyor, and N-pole and S-pole magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction so that an alternating magnetic field is generated. deep. Then, the aluminum can is repelled by repelling the magnetic field generated by rotating the rotary rotor about the axis and the magnetic field caused by the eddy current generated in the aluminum can conveyed on the conveyor by the action of this magnetic field. .

In such a sorter that uses eddy current and repulsion, magnetic materials such as iron pieces and iron powder mixed in the collected empty cans fall from the conveyor in response to vibrations and shocks during transportation. May be magnetically attached to the surface.
When the magnetic material magnetically attached to the surface of the pulley rotates together with the pulley, it receives a strong alternating magnetic field of the rotating rotor, generates an electric field due to electromagnetic induction, and generates Joule heat due to eddy current.
Here, since the FRP and the like that are not easily affected by magnetism are often used as the material of the pulley, the pulley formed of a material having low heat resistance such as FRP may be melted by the heat generated by the magnetic material. A magnetic substance may be attracted and collided with a magnet in a rotating rotor that rotates at high speed, and the rotating rotor may be damaged.

In addition, when the power of the sorting device is turned off and the driving of the belt conveyor is stopped, the rotating rotor continues to rotate for a while due to inertia, so the magnetic material on the stopped belt conveyor generates heat due to the eddy current, and the belt Burnout may occur on the conveyor or pulley.
Considering the problem of heat generation due to magnetic materials such as iron pieces mixed in the collected empty cans, for example, Patent Document 2 is provided with an overheat detecting means for detecting overheating of the belt conveyor pulley surface. An apparatus is disclosed.

In Patent Document 3, when the sorting device is normally stopped, the belt conveyor is preliminarily specified by the sorting object residual prevention device so that the magnetic material on the belt conveyor does not remain in the vicinity of the rotating rotor that rotates by inertia. There is disclosed a sorting device that stops after a time delay, and on the other hand, when the sorting device is abnormally stopped, the inertial rotation of the rotating rotor is braked by a braking device or the digested water is sprinkled by a watering device.
Patent Document 4 discloses that a magnetic shielding plate for shielding magnetic force provided between the outer peripheral surface of the head pulley and the belt conveyor in order to project a nonmagnetic metal forward as strongly as possible to prevent heat generation. A sorting device provided with a cooling device such as a pipe is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-334397 JP 2008-104915 A JP 2003-112078 A JP 10-128150 A

However, the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 4 have the following problems.
That is, Patent Document 2 merely detects the overheated state of the surface of the belt conveyor pulley using the overheat detecting means, and does not prevent the overheated state from occurring.
Further, Patent Document 3 merely prevents the magnetic material from remaining in the vicinity of the rotating rotor that rotates by inertia when the driving of the sorting device is stopped. There is a problem that it cannot be prevented from being magnetized.
Similarly, Patent Document 4 has a problem that it is not possible to prevent the magnetic material from being magnetically attached to the pulley or the rotary rotor while the sorting device is being driven.
In addition, impurities such as dust that float around the sorting device include those having magnetism, and such impurities having magnetism that are suspended in the air can be removed from the pulley or the Although it may be magnetically attached to the rotating rotor and cause various problems, it is obvious that the techniques disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Documents 2 to 4 cannot cope with this problem.

In view of such a problem, the present invention can prevent a magnetic substance from adhering to a rotating pulley or rotating rotor when sorting magnetic metal, nonmagnetic metal, and nonmetal in a mixed recovered material, and the pulley. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sorting apparatus that can prevent surrounding overheating.
Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a sorting device that can sort mixed recovered items such as empty cans into four types: steel cans, aluminum cans, bottles, and PET bottles.

  The sorting means of the present invention sorts and collects magnetic metal by magnetic force among sorting objects (magnetic metal, nonmagnetic metal and nonmetal) conveyed backward on the belt conveyor in a mixed state. Magnetic metal / non-magnetic metal / non-metal sorting means for separating and collecting magnetic metal by using the repulsive force of eddy currents and separating and collecting non-metal using natural fall from the belt conveyor In the sorting device, the magnetic metal / non-magnetic metal / non-metal sorting means includes a rotating drum inside a cylindrical pulley on the rear end side of the belt conveyor, and a plurality of drums are disposed on the surface of the rotating drum. Permanent magnets are arranged so that their magnetic poles alternate in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic impurities mixed on the belt conveyor together with the selection object and the magnetic impurities floating in the air are rotated. As an anti-magnetization means for preventing magnetism from adhering to the pulley and the rotating drum, an air purifying filter is passed through a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the rear end pulley that is not covered by the belt conveyor. It has the air-injection apparatus which injects back air.

Further, a magnetic shielding plate for shielding magnetism by the permanent magnet is provided in an upper gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the pulley on the rear end side and the belt conveyor.
Moreover, the said magnetic adhesion prevention means is provided with the cover member which covers the part which is not covered with the said belt conveyor among the outer peripheral surfaces of the said rear end side pulley, The said belt conveyor among the outer peripheral surfaces of the said cover member and the said pulley The air injection device injects air into a space surrounded by a portion not covered with the air.
Moreover, the upper and lower sides of the space are covered with the belt conveyor.
Further, among the objects to be sorted, the magnetic metal is a steel can, the nonmagnetic metal is an aluminum can, and the nonmetal is a bottle and a PET bottle.

In addition, by jetting a part of the air from the air injection device toward the bottles and the PET bottles falling from the rear end of the belt conveyor, the PET bottles that are relatively light compared to the bottles are blown off. A bottle / pet bottle sorting means for sorting and collecting the bottle by dropping it naturally is provided.
Further, the bottle / pet bottle selecting means circulates a part of the air jetted from the air jetting device to the bottle and the plastic bottle and jets it again to the bottle and the plastic bottle.
In addition, before the sorting object is placed on the belt conveyor, a magnetic metal pre-sorting means is provided that attracts and collects most of the magnetic material in the sorting object by magnetic force. .

According to the sorting apparatus of the present invention, the air injection device that injects the air after passing through the air cleaning filter is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the pulley on the rear end side that is not covered with the belt conveyor. Then, after the air injected to the outer peripheral surface of the pulley on the rear end side collides with the outer peripheral surface of the pulley, it spreads so as to cover the left and right side surfaces of the pulley and the left and right side surfaces of the rotating drum.
In other words, the air ejected from the air ejecting device functions as a so-called air curtain, and magnetic impurities (dust) mixed in the object to be sorted and conveyed on the belt conveyor are vibrated from the left and right ends of the belt conveyor by vibration. Even if it falls, it is blown off to the outside by the jetted air, so that it can be prevented from being magnetically attached to the outer peripheral surface of the pulley or the rotating rotor.

In addition, impurities that have magnetism such as dust floating around the sorting device are also flowed to the outside by the blown air, so that they can be prevented from being magnetized on the outer peripheral surface of the pulley and the rotating rotor. .
In addition, since air is injected by the air injection device after removing the magnetic impurities floating in the air with an air cleaning filter, the air injected from the air injection device contains magnetic impurities. Absent.

In addition to the air curtain function described above, the magnetic adhesion preventing means has an air cooling function.
That is, when a mechanism for separating and collecting non-magnetic metal by utilizing the repulsive action of eddy current is provided, there is a risk that the pulley and the rotating drum may be damaged by Joule heat generated in the magnetic metal when the sorting device is driven or stopped. However, in the present invention, the pulley, the rotating drum, and the belt conveyor are air-cooled by the air jetted from the air jetting device, so that heat generation of the magnetic metal can be suppressed.
In addition, if the ejection of air from the air jetting device is continued for a certain period of time after the driving of the sorting device is stopped, the back surface of the belt conveyor can be cooled. Even when the remaining magnetic metal generates heat, the degree of burnout of the belt conveyor can be suppressed.
As described above, according to the magnetic adhesion preventing means of the present invention, the air curtain function can effectively prevent the magnetic material from adhering to the pulley and the rotating drum, and the air injection can be performed even if it is adhering. Magnetic material can be removed by air jetted from the apparatus. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of various problems due to the heat generated by the magnetic material attached by the air cooling function.

In addition, even when a magnetic shielding plate is used and a magnetic metal or a highly conductive metal is used as the material of the magnetic shielding plate, the magnetic shielding plate is provided by the air cooling function of the anti-adhesion means. Heat generation can be suppressed.
Also, if the air injection device injects air into the space surrounded by the cover member and the outer peripheral surface of the pulley that is not covered by the belt conveyor, the air is injected onto the outer peripheral surface of the pulley on the rear end side. After the air collides with the outer peripheral surface of the pulley, the air is ejected to the outside through a gap between the cover member and the outer peripheral surface of the pulley and a gap between the cover member and the belt conveyor.
Therefore, even if magnetic impurities on the belt conveyor fall from the left and right ends of the belt conveyor due to vibration, the outer peripheral surface of the pulley is covered with the cover member and shielded, so the majority of the impurities are the outer periphery of the pulley. It does not reach the surface.

In addition, when the impurity is a lightweight object, it is blown outward by the air ejected from the gap between the cover member and the belt conveyor, so that it does not enter the space and the impurities on the outer peripheral surface of the pulley and the rotating rotor. Can be prevented from being magnetized.
Also, if the impurity is a heavy object, there is a possibility of entering the space, but even in this case, the air ejected from the air injection device flows out of the space from the gap, so the impurity is It will be discharged out of space with the air.
Moreover, if the upper and lower sides of the space are covered with a belt conveyor, the air curtain function can be further enhanced because the space is brought into a positive pressure state by the air injected from the air injection device.

Further, if the magnetic metal is a steel can, the non-magnetic metal is an aluminum can, and the non-metal is a bottle and a plastic bottle among the objects to be sorted, the sorting device can be applied to sorting empty cans.
In particular, if a bottle / pet bottle sorting means for jetting a part of the air from the air jetting device to sort and recover the bottle and the plastic bottle is provided, a part of the air jetted from the air jetting device is Since the remaining air can be jetted onto the outer peripheral surface of the pulley on the rear end side for use in sorting with a PET bottle, it is not necessary to attach two blowers, and the manufacturing cost of the sorting device can be reduced.
Furthermore, if a part of the air injected from the air injection device to the bottle and the plastic bottle is circulated and injected again into the bottle and the plastic bottle, the surrounding area of the air injection device becomes a negative pressure state, Floating impurities can be actively taken in and removed with an air cleaning filter.
If the majority of the magnetic material is sorted and collected by the magnetic metal pre-sorting means before the sorting object is placed on the belt conveyor, the pulley is manufactured from a relatively low strength material such as FRP. Even in such a case, most of the magnetic material is sorted and collected before reaching the pulley and the rotating rotor. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the pulley from being deformed or damaged as a result of the magnetic material being strongly attracted by the magnet in the rotary rotor.

Left side view of the sorting apparatus of the first embodiment Plan view of the sorting apparatus of the first embodiment FIG. 1 is a view as viewed in the direction of arrow A in FIG. FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. The perspective view which shows the structure of the cover member of 1st embodiment Left side view of sorting apparatus of second embodiment Plan view of the sorting apparatus of the second embodiment C arrow view of FIG. 6 which shows the magnetic adhesion prevention means of 2nd embodiment. FIG. 6A is a view showing the bottle / pet bottle sorting means of the second embodiment. FIG. 6B is a view showing the bottle / pet bottle selecting means of the second embodiment. Rear view (a), plan view (b), left side view (c) and right side view (d) showing another example of the structure of the bottle / pet bottle sorting means Left side view (a), plan view (b), front view (c), and rear view (d) of the sorting apparatus according to the third embodiment. Left side view (a), plan view (b), front view (c) and rear view (d) showing magnetic metal pre-sorting means of the third embodiment

[First embodiment]
A first embodiment of the sorting apparatus 1 of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the sorting device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a magnetic metal / nonmagnetic metal / nonmetal sorting means 20, a magnetic shielding plate 30, and an anti-adhesion means 40.
The magnetic metal / non-magnetic metal / non-metal sorting means 20 is a magnetic object selected from magnetic objects, non-magnetic metals and non-metals to be conveyed rearward on the belt conveyor 3 in a mixed state. The non-magnetic metal is separated and collected by using the repulsive force caused by the eddy current, and separated and collected by utilizing the natural fall from the belt conveyor 3. In FIG. 1, the magnetic metal is represented by a circle, the nonmagnetic metal is represented by a square, and the nonmetal is represented by a triangle.

The magnetic metal / non-magnetic metal / non-metal sorting means 20 includes a belt conveyor 3 extending rearward from the lower side of the inlet 2 for the sorting object, two cylindrical pulleys 4 before and after the belt conveyor 3 is wound around, and a pulley 4 on the front end side. A first motor 5 for rotationally driving the rotary drum 6, a rotary drum 6 disposed inside the pulley 4 on the rear end side, a second motor 7 for rotationally driving the rotary drum 6, and a plurality of surfaces disposed on the surface of the rotary drum 6. Permanent magnets 8 are provided, which are appropriately fixed to the frame 9 via brackets or the like. The permanent magnet 8 is arranged such that its magnetic poles alternate in the circumferential direction of the rotating drum 6.
Below the belt conveyor 3 is a magnetic metal hopper 10 for collecting magnetic metal, below the rear end side pulley 4 is a non-metal hopper 11 for collecting non-metal, and behind the non-metal hopper 11. Is provided with a nonmagnetic metal hopper 12 for recovering the nonmagnetic metal.

The operation of the magnetic metal / non-magnetic metal / non-metal sorting means 20 will be described. Of the objects to be sorted on the belt conveyor 3, the magnetic metal receives the attractive force of the permanent magnet 8 in the rotating drum 6 and is applied to the belt conveyor 3. The magnet moves downward in a magnetized state, and as it moves away from the pulley 4 (rotating drum 6) on the rear end side, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 8 is weakened so that it falls naturally into the magnetic metal hopper 10 and is collected.
The nonmetal is naturally dropped downward from the rear end of the belt conveyor 3 without being affected by the permanent magnet 8 and is collected in the nonmetal hopper 11.
The nonmagnetic metal is flipped backward by the repulsive force between the magnetic field generated by the rotational drive of the rotary drum 6 near the rear end of the belt conveyor 3 and the magnetic field due to the eddy current generated in the nonmagnetic metal due to the influence of the magnetic field. Then, it is collected in the nonmagnetic metal hopper 12.

The magnetic shielding plate 30 receives a repulsive force by the permanent magnet 8 before the nonmagnetic metal transported backward on the belt conveyor 3 reaches the vicinity immediately above the rotary drum 6, and as a result, the flight distance to the rear is reduced. It is for preventing it from happening.
The magnetic shielding plate 30 is disposed in an upper gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 4 on the rear end side and the belt conveyor 3. As a result, the non-magnetic metal conveyed rearward on the belt conveyor 3 hardly receives the above-mentioned repulsive force while moving above the magnetic shielding plate 30, and reaches a position immediately above the rotating drum 6. The repulsive force is received in a substantially horizontal direction. Therefore, the flying distance of the non-magnetic metal to the rear is increased, and the non-magnetic metal is prevented from being erroneously collected by the non-metal hopper 11 and the collection accuracy can be improved.
Examples of the material of the magnetic shielding plate 30 include ferromagnetic materials such as iron, nickel, cobalt, and ferrite, and nonmagnetic materials such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, and lead.

The anti-magnetic means 40 prevents magnetic impurities mixed on the belt conveyor 3 together with the sorting object and magnetic impurities floating in the air from being magnetically attached to the pulley 4 and the rotating drum 6 that are being driven to rotate. Is to do.
The magnetic adhesion preventing means 40 includes a small blower 41 (air injection device), a cover member 42 and an air cleaning filter 43.
The blower 41 is attached to the frame 9 on the front side of the second motor 7 via a bracket 44 so that the air that has passed through the air cleaning filter 43 is sent into the pipe 45.
The cover member 42 covers a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 4 on the rear end side that is not covered by the belt conveyor 3, and when viewed in plan by a total of three side plates 42 a to 42 c on the front side and the left and right sides. It is formed in a U-shape opening rearward.

Arc-shaped concave portions 46 corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical pulley 4 are formed at the rear portions of the left and right side plates 42b and 42c. The left and right side plates 42b and 42c are formed in the concave portion 46 at the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 4. Are arranged so as not to contact each other.
Thus, a space surrounded by the front and rear, right and left is formed by the portion of the outer peripheral surface of the cover member 42 and the pulley 4 that is not covered by the belt conveyor 3, and the upper and lower sides of this space are covered by the belt conveyor 3. It has been broken.
A pipe 45 of the blower 41 is attached to an opening provided in the front side plate 42a.

Next, the operation and effect of the magnetic adhesion preventing means 40 will be described.
The air ejected from the blower 41 through the air cleaning filter 43 is ejected through the pipe 45 to the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 4 in the space.
After the air injected to the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 4 on the rear end side collides with the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 4, the gaps between the concave portions 46 of the side plates 42 b and 42 c and the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 4, and the side plates 42 a to 42 c. And jetted out from the gap between the belt conveyor 3.

As described above, the air ejected from the blower 41 functions as a so-called air curtain, and externally removes magnetic impurities that are mixed in the object to be sorted and are conveyed on the belt conveyor 3 and magnetic impurities that are floating in the air. Therefore, it is possible to prevent these magnetic impurities from being magnetically attached to the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 4 and the rotating drum 6.
Further, the magnetic adhesion preventing means 40 also has a function of air-cooling the pulley 4, the rotating drum 6, the belt conveyor 3, and the magnetic shielding plate 30 with air jetted from the blower 41.

In the present embodiment, the sorting apparatus 1 includes the magnetic shielding plate 30, but may be configured without the magnetic shielding plate 30.
Moreover, although the magnetic adhesion prevention means 40 shall be provided with the cover member 42, the structure which injects air on the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 4 of the rear end side without providing the cover member 42 may be sufficient.
Moreover, although the upper and lower sides of the space are covered with the belt conveyor 3, the upper and lower sides of the three side plates 42 a to 42 c of the cover member 42 may be covered with plate materials.
The air cleaning filter 43 may be attached at any position from the blower 41 to the tip of the pipe 45.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The same reference numerals are given to portions having the same configuration as the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.
The sorting apparatus 50 according to the present embodiment is suitable for sorting empty cans as sorting objects, that is, steel cans that are magnetic metals, aluminum cans that are non-magnetic metals, bottles that are non-metals, and PET bottles. It is characterized in that each bottle and plastic bottle can be collected separately.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, the sorting apparatus 50 of the present embodiment includes a magnetic metal / non-magnetic metal / non-metal sorting means 20, an anti-magnetization means 40, and a magnetism shown in the first embodiment. In addition to the shielding plate 30, a bottle / pet bottle sorting means 60 is provided.
The bottle / pet bottle selecting means 60 jets air from the blower 70 (air injection device) toward the bottle and the plastic bottle falling from the rear end of the belt conveyor 3, so that the pet is relatively light compared to the bottle. The bottle is skipped and the bottle is naturally dropped and collected.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a bottle hopper 51 and a plastic bottle hopper 52 are provided as non-metal hoppers 11 below the pulley 4 on the rear end side.
The non-metal hopper 11 is branched left and right by an inclined portion 53 inclined obliquely downward to the left from the receiving port. The bottle hopper 51 is on the left side and the plastic bottle hopper 52 is on the right side.
The blower 70 as an air injection device is attached to the rear portion of the plastic bottle hopper 52, and the air intake port 70 a communicates with the inside of the plastic bottle hopper 52 through the air cleaning filter 71. .

A first pipe 72 extending leftward from the air outlet of the blower 70 is connected to the left side surface of the bottle hopper 51, and the tip thereof faces obliquely upward to the right on the left side surface of the bottle hopper 51. It is attached.
Further, the second pipe 73 extending forward from the air outlet of the blower 70 is bent upward on the right side surface of the magnetic metal hopper 10 and enters the space from the opening provided in the side plate 42a on the front side of the cover member 42. Has reached.

Next, the operation and effect of the bottle / pet bottle sorting means 60 will be described.
After the impurities (particularly magnetic impurities) are removed by the air purifying filter 71, the air sent from the blower 70 is ejected to the upper right in the bottle hopper 51 through the first pipe 72. .
Of the objects to be transported on the belt conveyor 3, the steel can (magnetic metal) moves downward while receiving the attractive force of the permanent magnet 8 in the rotating drum 6 and being magnetized on the belt conveyor 3. The magnetic force of the permanent magnet 8 decreases as the distance from the rear end side pulley 4 (rotating drum 6) decreases, so that the permanent magnet 8 falls naturally into the magnetic metal hopper 10 and is collected.

The aluminum can (non-magnetic metal) repels the magnetic field generated by the rotational drive of the rotary drum 6 in the vicinity of the rear end of the belt conveyor 3 and the magnetic field due to the eddy current generated in the non-magnetic metal due to the influence of the magnetic field. By receiving the force, it is flipped back and collected by the nonmagnetic metal hopper 12.
Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the bottle 80 and the PET bottle 81 (non-metal) naturally fall downward from the rear end of the belt conveyor 3 without being affected by the permanent magnet 8, and from the receptacle of the non-metal hopper 11. It reaches the inclined portion 53.
In the inclined portion 53, air is ejected from the first pipe 72 obliquely upward to the right. Therefore, the PET bottle 81 that is relatively lighter than the bottle 80 moves obliquely upward in the inclined portion 53 together with the air. Then, it is sorted and collected by the plastic bottle hopper 52. The air reaching the plastic bottle hopper 52 is again injected from the air outlet of the blower 70 through the first pipe 72 to circulate in the non-metal hopper 11.

On the other hand, the relatively heavy bottle 80 is hardly affected by the jetted air, and slides in the lower left portion in the inclined portion 53 by natural fall, and is sorted and collected by the bottle hopper 51.
Further, a part of the air ejected from the blower 70 is ejected into the space covered by the cover member 42 through the second pipe 73 and exhibits the air curtain function and the air cooling function, and the pulley 4 and the like. It suppresses magnetic adhesion of impurities having magnetism to the heat generation and heat generation of the pulley 4 and the like.

Thus, according to the sorting device 50 shown in the present embodiment, a part of the air ejected from the blower 70 is used for sorting bottles and plastic bottles, and the remaining air is used as the pulley 4 on the rear end side. Therefore, it is not necessary to attach two blowers 70, and the manufacturing cost of the sorting device 50 can be reduced.
Further, since air is circulated in the non-metal hopper 11 so that the inside of the non-metal hopper 11 is in a negative pressure state, impurities floating around the receiving port of the non-metal hopper 11 are in a negative pressure state. It will flow into the metal hopper 11. Therefore, impurities floating in the air (especially impurities having magnetism) can be actively taken in and efficiently removed by the air cleaning filter 71 between the plastic bottle hopper 52 and the blower 70.

That is, the synergistic effect of preventing magnetic impurities from adhering to the pulley 4 and the like by using not only the air injected from the second pipe 73 but also the air injected from the first pipe 72 is obtained. Can do.
In the present embodiment, the bottle / pet bottle sorting means 60 circulates a part of the air sprayed from the blower 70 to the bottle and the plastic bottle and sprays it again to the bottle and the plastic bottle. There is no need.

Further, the structure of the bottle / pet bottle selecting means may be as shown in FIG. The bottle / pet bottle sorting means 61 has a smaller opening area at the tip 72b of the first pipe 72a than the bottle / pet bottle sorting means 60 (see FIG. 10) shown in the second embodiment. In addition, the inclination angle of the tip 72b is adjusted so that air can be ejected along the surface of the inclined portion 53a.
This makes it difficult for the air ejected from the first pipe 72a to diffuse into the nonmetallic hopper 11a, and efficiently circulates the air in the nonmetallic hopper 11a, the blower 70a, and the first pipe 72a. be able to.
In this embodiment, the bottle hopper 51a is disposed on the right side, the plastic bottle hopper 52a is disposed on the left side, and the blower 70a is disposed on the left side. In this respect, the bottle / pet bottle sorting means 60 of the second embodiment Is the opposite arrangement, but may be the same arrangement as in the second embodiment. In addition, for easy understanding, the tip 72b of the first pipe is shown in FIG. 11A, but the tip 72b is actually located inside the non-metal hopper 11a and the rear surface. It is not visible when viewed.

[Third embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described, but the same reference numerals are given to portions having the same configuration as the above-described embodiments, and the description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the sorting device 80 of the present embodiment is characterized in that it includes magnetic metal pre-sorting means 90.
The sorting device 80 of the present embodiment includes the bottle / pet bottle sorting means 61 shown in the second embodiment. 12 (a) to 12 (d) and FIGS. 13 (a) to 13 (d) are schematically shown so that the structure of the apparatus can be easily understood. It may not be shown in the figure.

The magnetic metal pre-sorting means 90 is disposed in the vicinity of the upper part of the front end of the belt conveyor 3 and adsorbs most of the magnetic substances in the sorting object by magnetic force before the sorting object is placed on the belt conveyor 3. And then collected.
Specifically, the magnetic metal pre-sorting means 90 includes a belt conveyor 91 extending in the front-rear direction, two front and rear cylindrical pulleys 92 for wrapping the belt conveyor, a motor (not shown) for rotationally driving the pulley 92, and a rear end side. A permanent magnet 93 that is affixed to the surface of the pulley 92 and rotates integrally with the pulley 92, and a conveyance path 94 for guiding the magnetic material to the magnetic metal hopper 10, each of which is provided via a bracket or the like. To the frame 95 as appropriate.

The operation of the magnetic metal pre-sorting means 90 will be described. Of the selection objects that move backward while being placed on the belt conveyor 91, the magnetic metal is the permanent magnet 93 on the surface of the pulley 92 on the rear end side. It moves to the lower surface side of the pulley 92 in a state of receiving magnetic force (attraction force) and being magnetically attached onto the belt conveyor 91. Since the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 93 decreases as the distance from the rear end pulley 92 increases, the magnetic metal naturally falls into the transport path 94.
A plurality of elastic tongue pieces 96 are attached to the surface of the belt conveyor 91 at a predetermined interval, and the magnetic metal in the conveyance path 94 moves forward in the conveyance path 94 while being pushed by the tongue piece 96, and opens. It is naturally dropped from the portion 97 into the magnetic metal hopper 10 and collected.
Since it is difficult to sort and collect all the magnetic metals by the magnetic metal pre-sorting means 90, the magnetic material that cannot be sorted and collected by the magnetic metal pre-sorting means 90 is mixed with other sorting objects in the belt conveyor 3. It falls down and is sorted and collected by the magnetic metal / nonmagnetic metal / nonmetal sorting means 20.

  The present invention relates to a sorting apparatus that can prevent a magnetic material from adhering to a rotating pulley or rotating rotor, and can prevent overheating around the pulley, and has industrial applicability.

1 Sorting Device 3 Belt Conveyor 4 Pulley 5 First Motor 6 Rotating Drum 7 Second Motor 8 Permanent Magnet 10 Magnetic Metal Hopper 11 Nonmetallic Hopper 11a Nonmetallic Hopper 12 Nonmagnetic Metal Hopper 20 Magnetic Metal / Non Magnetic metal / non-metal sorting means 30 Magnetic shield 40 Anti-adhesion means 41 Blower 42 Cover member 43 Air purifying filter 45 Pipe 46 Recess 50 Sorting device 51 Bottle hopper 51a Bottle hopper 52 PET bottle hopper 52a For PET bottle Hopper 53 Inclined portion 53a Inclined portion 60 Bottle / PET bottle sorting means 61 Bottle / PET bottle sorting means 70 Blower 70a Blower 71 Air cleaning filter 72 First pipe 72a First pipe 72b Tip 73 Second pipe 80 Sorting device 90 Magnetic metal pre-sorting means 91 Belt conveyor 92 Pulley 93 Permanent magnet 94 Conveying path 95 Frame 96 Tongue piece 97 Opening

Claims (8)

Among the selection objects (magnetic metal, nonmagnetic metal, and nonmetal) that are transported backward on the belt conveyor in a mixed state,
Magnetic metal is attracted and collected by magnetic force, non-magnetic metal is separated and collected by using the repulsive force of eddy current, and the non-metal is separated and collected using natural fall from the belt conveyor. A sorting device equipped with metal / non-magnetic metal / non-metal sorting means,
The magnetic metal / non-magnetic metal / non-metal sorting means includes a rotating drum inside a cylindrical pulley on the rear end side of the belt conveyor, and a plurality of permanent magnets have magnetic poles on the surface of the rotating drum. Are arranged to alternate in the circumferential direction,
Magnetic adhesion preventing means for preventing magnetic impurities mixed with the sorting object on the belt conveyor and magnetic impurities floating in the air from being magnetically attached to the pulley and the rotating drum that are being driven to rotate. A sorting apparatus comprising: an air ejecting device that ejects air after passing through an air cleaning filter to a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the pulley on the rear end side that is not covered by the belt conveyor.   2. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a magnetic shielding plate that shields magnetism by the permanent magnet in an upper gap formed between an outer peripheral surface of the pulley on the rear end side and the belt conveyor.   The magnetic adhesion preventing means includes a cover member that covers a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the pulley on the rear end side that is not covered by the belt conveyor, and covers the belt conveyor on the outer peripheral surface of the cover member and the pulley. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air ejecting apparatus ejects air into a space surrounded by a portion that is not broken. The sorting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the upper and lower sides of the space are covered with the belt conveyor.   The magnetic metal is a steel can, the nonmagnetic metal is an aluminum can, and the nonmetal is a bottle and a plastic bottle among the selection objects. Sorting device.   A bottle that is relatively lightweight compared to the bottle is blown off by jetting a part of the air from the air jetting device toward the bottle and the plastic bottle falling from the rear end of the belt conveyor. 6. The sorting apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a bottle / pet bottle sorting means for naturally dropping and sorting and collecting.   7. The sorting according to claim 6, wherein the bottle / pet bottle sorting means circulates a part of the air jetted from the air jetting device to the bottle and the PET bottle and jets it again to the bottle and the PET bottle. apparatus.   The magnetic metal pre-sorting means that adsorbs and collects most of the magnetic substances in the sorting object by magnetic force before the sorting object is placed on the belt conveyor. The sorting apparatus as described in any one of 1-7.

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