JP5722606B2 - Lubrication structure of bearing in gear device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lubricating structure that forcibly lubricates a bearing that supports an output shaft or the like in a gear device such as a transmission or a gear box of an industrial vehicle or a construction machine, for example.

  In a transmission or the like, a method for lubricating a bearing such as an output shaft is performed by splashing the lubricating oil stored in the oil pan of the gear case by the rotation of the gear and using the scattered lubricating oil (for example, patents) Some are forcibly lubricated by external piping connected to an oil pump (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-38072 JP 2006-275136 A JP-A-6-219174

  As described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, in the case of lubricating the bearing by splashing the oil surface of the lubricating oil with a gear, the splashed lubricating oil is not scattered over a wide area and is fixed at a certain location. Therefore, the bearing supporting the shaft end away from the gear cannot be effectively lubricated. In particular, since the lubricating oil is not sufficiently spread to the outside of the bearing in the axial direction, the bearing is likely to be worn and its durability may be reduced.

In the one described in Patent Document 3, since the bearing is forcibly lubricated by the external piping, the above problem is unlikely to occur, but a long external piping must be separately designed and manufactured. The cost becomes high and the piping work becomes complicated.
In addition, the external piping may be damaged or broken due to traveling of the vehicle or deterioration with time.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and it is possible to improve the durability of the bearing by forcibly and effectively lubricating the bearing inside the gear case without using an external pipe. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a bearing lubrication structure in an inexpensive gear device.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problems are solved as follows.
(1) Both end portions of a plurality of upper and lower rotating shafts housed in a gear case so as to be parallel to each other and rotated in conjunction with each other via a gear are rotatably supported by bearings provided on both side walls of the gear case. In this gear device, the first rotation shaft located at the upper position among the plurality of rotation shafts is provided so as to face the axial direction, and lubricating oil is supplied from one opening end. An oil passage, an oil discharge passage provided in the first rotation shaft so as to communicate with the oil passage inside, and an opening end opening in the gear case; and a side wall of the gear case below the first rotation shaft And an oil receptacle that is directed to a direction in which the receiving port can receive the lubricating oil discharged from the opening end of the oil discharge passage in the first rotating shaft, and a lower portion of the first rotating shaft. Second rotation axis Communicating with the outer surface of the bearing for supporting the side end portion and the socket of the oil receptacle, the lubricating oil flows into the oil receptacle, and a an oil introduction path to be introduced to the outer surface of the bearing , the position of the center in the axial direction in the receptacle, and a position in the axial direction of the center of the oil discharge passage, Ru match each other.

With such a configuration, the lubricating oil supplied to the oil passage of the upper first rotation shaft and discharged from the oil discharge passage flows into the oil receiver every time the first rotation shaft makes one revolution, It is introduced into the outer surface of the bearing through the introduction path.
As a result, the outside of the bearing where the lubricating oil is difficult to spread sufficiently is forcibly and effectively lubricated, so that wear is reduced and durability is improved.
Further, since the lubricating oil for lubricating the bearing is supplied from the inside of the gear case, it is not necessary to provide an external pipe for lubricating the bearing as in the conventional case, and an inexpensive lubricating structure can be obtained accordingly. And there is no fear of damaging the external piping.
Furthermore, the lubricating oil discharged from the oil discharge passage easily flows into the oil receiver.

(2) In the above item (1), a receptacle, a line perpendicular to the end face, Ru provided so as to pass through the center of the first rotation axis.

  With such a configuration, the lubricating oil discharged from the oil discharge passage is more likely to flow into the oil receiver, so that the outside of the bearing is more effectively lubricated.

( 3 ) In the above item (1) or (2) , a shaft hole is provided in the side wall of the gear case, and a bearing that supports one end of the second rotating shaft is fitted into the shaft hole. The side surface is pressed by a retainer attached to the outer side surface of the side wall, and an oil introduction path is provided inside the retainer.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to easily provide an oil introduction path only by slightly processing a commonly used retainer.

( 4 ) In the above item (1) or (2) , a concave fitting hole is provided on the inner surface of the side wall of the gear case, and a bearing that supports one end of the second rotating shaft is fitted into the fitting hole. And an oil introduction path is provided inside the side wall.

  With such a configuration, since the oil introduction path is provided inside the side wall, it is possible to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking to the outside.

  According to the present invention, since the outside of the bearing where the lubricating oil is not sufficiently spread is forcibly and effectively lubricated, the wear is reduced and the durability is improved.

It is the side view which looked at the transmission which applied one Embodiment of this invention from the right side. It is a vertical front view which follows the II-II line in FIG. It is the III-III line expansion vertical side view in FIG. It is the IV-IV line expansion vertical side view in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the important section of the lubrication part of the left bearing. It is an expansion longitudinal cross-sectional view of the bearing lubrication part in other embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, an example in which the present invention is applied to a transmission of a vehicle traveling on a track laid in a factory or the like will be described.
1 is a side view of the transmission, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal front view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1. A gear case 2 of the transmission 1 has a half-chassis shape having a rectangular shape in side view with the right side opened. The cover plate 3 is fixed to the opening surface by a plurality of bolts 4.

In the upper part of the gear case 2, an input shaft 5 facing in the left-right direction is accommodated so that both end portions protrude from shaft holes 6 and 6 provided at corresponding positions between the side wall 2a of the gear case 2 and the cover plate 3, Both end portions of the input shaft 5 are rotatably supported by bearings 7 and 7 press-fitted in the left and right shaft holes 6 and 6.

  The left and right ends of the input shaft 5 protruding from the side wall 2a of the gear case 2 and the cover plate 3 are respectively connected to the inside of the cylindrical attachments 8 and 8 screwed to the outer surface of the side wall 2a and the cover plate 3, respectively. The input shaft 5 is connected to a rotating shaft 9 a of a hydraulic motor 9 fixed to the attachment 8, and is driven by left and right hydraulic motors 9, 9. The input shaft 5 may be driven by an electric motor or an engine instead of the hydraulic motor 9.

Inside the gear case 2, a hydraulic first-speed multi-plate clutch 10 and a second-speed multi-plate clutch 11 are attached to the center of the input shaft 5 side by side.
On the left side of the first speed multi-plate clutch 10, a first speed clutch gear 12 is rotatably fitted on the input shaft 5 via a bearing 13.
Further, on the right side of the second-speed multi-plate clutch 11, a second-speed clutch gear 14 having a larger diameter than the first-speed clutch gear 12 is rotatable on the input shaft 5 via a bearing 13. It is fitted. The first speed clutch gear 12 and the second speed clutch gear 14 include a first speed multi-plate clutch 10 and a second speed multi-plate clutch 11 respectively connected to oil passages 15 and 15 in the input shaft 5. When selectively connected by the supplied pressure oil, it rotates together with the input shaft 5.

  An intermediate shaft 16 as a first rotating shaft that is parallel to the input shaft 5 is accommodated in the gear case 2 obliquely below the input shaft 5, and both ends of the intermediate shaft 16 are connected to the side wall 2 a of the gear case 2. It is rotatably supported by bearings 17 and 17 that are press-fitted to the cover plate 3. The outer surfaces of the left and right bearings 17 and 17 are retained by retainers 23 and 23 that are screwed to the sidewall 2a and the outer surface of the cover plate 3, respectively.

A small-diameter input gear 18 that meshes with a large-diameter output gear 37 to be described later is integrally formed at the center of the intermediate shaft 16.
A first intermediate gear 19 and a second intermediate gear 20 having a smaller diameter are fixedly fitted to both sides of the intermediate shaft 16 with the input gear 18 interposed therebetween. The first intermediate gear 19 and the second intermediate gear 20 Are meshed with the first speed clutch gear 12 and the second speed clutch gear 14, respectively. As a result, the intermediate shaft 16 is rotated at either a low speed or a high speed by selectively connecting the first-speed multi-plate clutch 10 and the second-speed multi-plate clutch 11. It is supposed to be.

On the axis of the intermediate shaft 16, an oil passage 21 that extends in the longitudinal direction is provided, the opening at the left end thereof is blocked by the closing member 22, and the retainer 23 on the outer surface of the cover plate 3 is at the right end. And communicated with a hollow connector 24 for supplying lubricating oil.
Near the left and right ends of the intermediate shaft 16, small-diameter oil discharge passages 25, 25 that communicate with the oil passage 21 and that face in the radial direction are formed so as to open on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate shaft 16. The lubricating oil introduced into 21 is discharged into the gear case 2. A similar oil discharge passage 25 is also formed in the fitting portion of the intermediate shaft 16 between the first intermediate gear 19 and the second intermediate gear 20 so as to lubricate the fitting portions of both the intermediate gears 19 and 20. It has become. A plurality of such oil discharge paths 25 may be provided in the circumferential direction.

  An output shaft 26 as a second rotating shaft parallel to the intermediate shaft 16 is provided in the gear case 2 obliquely forward and downward of the intermediate shaft 16, and shaft holes 27, 27 between the side wall 2 a of the gear case 2 and the cover plate 3. Further, both ends of the output shaft 26 are accommodated so as to protrude, and both ends of the output shaft 26 are rotatably supported by bearings press-fitted in the left and right shaft holes 27, 27, that is, ball bearings 28, 28. The outer surfaces of the left and right ball bearings 28 and 28 are respectively held by inner end surfaces of cylindrical retainers 30 and 30 secured to the outer surfaces of the side wall 2a and the cover plate 3 by bolts 29. It is prevented from coming off more.

Cylindrical attachments 31, 31 connected to drive shafts (both not shown) of the left and right wheels in the vehicle are connected to both ends of the output shaft 26 through a spline 32 so as not to rotate relative to each other. 31 is retained by a retainer plate 34 secured to the end face of the output shaft 26 by bolts 33.
An annular space 35 formed between the inner peripheral surfaces of the left and right retainers 30 and 30 and the outer peripheral surfaces of the left and right attachments 31 and 31 is sealed by an oil seal 36 fitted to the outer end portions of both retainers 30. Has been.

  A large-diameter output gear 37 is press-fitted into the intermediate portion of the output shaft 26, and the output gear 37 is engaged with the small-diameter input gear 18 on the intermediate shaft 16 and is rotated at a low speed or a high speed. The rotational force of the shaft 16 is transmitted to the output shaft 26.

  The lower part in the gear case 2 serves as a storage chamber for the lubricating oil 38. The lubricating oil 38 is filtered by an oil filter 39 attached to the lower part of the cover plate 3, and then comes out of the discharge hole 39a to cover the cover. It flows into a hollow connector 40 attached to the outer surface of the plate 3. The connector 40 and the connector 24 in the intermediate shaft 16 are connected by a pipe 42 via an oil pump 41 and an oil cooler (not shown). By operating the oil pump 41, the lubricating oil 38 in the gear case 2 is intermediate The oil is supplied to the oil passage 21 of the shaft 16.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, an oil guide hole 43 that faces in the left-right direction is formed in the side wall 2 a of the gear case 2 adjacent to the ball bearing 28 that supports the left end of the output shaft 26 diagonally forward and upward. The outer opening end of the oil guide hole 43 communicates with a space portion 44 provided inside the retainer 30 and opened to the inner side and the annular space 35 outside the ball bearing 28. is there. The annular space 35, the oil guide hole 43, and the space portion 44 form an oil introduction path for introducing lubricating oil to the outer surface of the ball bearing 28.

As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 5, a male screw portion 47 at the end of a hollow and elbow-shaped oil receiver 46 is screwed into the female screw portion 45 formed in the inner end portion of the oil guide hole 43. Yes.
As shown in FIG. 2, the axial center position of the receiving port 46 a of the oil receiver 46 matches the axial center position of the oil discharge passage 25 provided at the left end of the intermediate shaft 16, and As shown in FIG. 3, the receiving port 46 a is provided so that a straight line perpendicular to the end surface passes through the center of the intermediate shaft 16.

  By doing in this way, since the intermediate shaft 16 is always rotating during traveling of the vehicle, the lubricating oil pumped into the oil passage 21 of the intermediate shaft 16 is from the oil discharge passage 25 at the left end. Like a rotary sprinkler, it discharges vigorously around the intermediate shaft 16 and effectively flows into the interior from the receiving port 46a of the oil receiver 46 each time the intermediate shaft 16 makes one revolution. As shown by the arrow in FIG. 5, the lubricating oil that has flowed into the oil receiver 46 is placed outside the ball bearing 28 via the oil guide hole 43 provided in the side wall 2 a and the space 44 inside the retainer 30. It flows into the annular space 35.

  As a result, the outside of the ball bearing 28 where the lubricating oil is difficult to spread sufficiently is forcibly and effectively lubricated, the wear thereof is reduced, and the durability is improved. The inside of the ball bearing 28 is lubricated by the scattered lubricating oil as the output gear 37 springs up the lower lubricating oil 38 in the gear case 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, an oil receiver 46 similar to the above is also attached to the rear side of the ball bearing 28 in the cover plate 3 that supports the right end portion of the output shaft 26. The axial center position of the receiving port 46a of the oil receiver 46 is also matched with the axial center position of the oil discharge passage 25 at the right end provided on the intermediate shaft 16, and the end surface of the receiving port 46a. A vertical straight line passes through the center of the intermediate shaft 16.

  The lubricating oil flowing into the oil receiver 46 from the oil discharge passage 25 at the right end is an annular space between the inner peripheral surface of the retainer 30 and the outer peripheral surface of the attachment 31 via the oil guide hole 48 of the cover plate 3. 35. As a result, the outside of the right ball bearing 28 is forcibly and effectively lubricated, and its durability is improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
In the above embodiment, the example in which the intermediate shaft 16 and the output shaft 26 below the intermediate shaft 16 are applied to the transmission 1 slightly deviated in the front-rear direction has been described, but both axes are aligned in the vertical direction. The present invention can also be applied to a transmission in which the output shaft 26 is disposed directly below the intermediate shaft 16. In this case, the oil receiver 46 may be provided on the side wall 2a and the cover plate 3 below the intermediate shaft 16, and the receiving port 46a may be directed right above.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment is an example applied to the vehicle which made the both ends of the output shaft 26 protrude from the side wall 2a and the cover board 3, and drives a wheel by the both sides, for example, one side of the output shaft 26 is The present invention can also be applied to a transmission that projects only from the cover plate 3 and is driven by one side of the output shaft 26.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the end of the output shaft 26 on the side wall 2a side is supported by a ball bearing 28 press-fitted in a concave fitting hole 49 provided on the inner side surface of the side wall 2a. What is necessary is just to make the oil guide hole 43 which attached the receptacle 46, and the outer surface of the ball bearing 28 communicate with each other by an oil introduction path 50 provided in the side wall 2a.

  Although the above embodiment is an example in which the ball bearings 28 and 28 of the lowest output shaft 26 are forcibly lubricated, the outer sides of the left and right bearings 17 of the intermediate shaft 16 can be forcibly lubricated. In this case, oil discharge passages 25 similar to those described above are provided on both side portions of the uppermost input shaft 5, and oil receptacles similar to those described above are provided on the side walls 2 a and the cover plate 3 adjacent to the both bearings 17. 46, and an oil introduction path communicating with the outer surface of the bearing 17 may be provided inside the retainer 23 that holds both the bearings 17 from the outside.

  In the present invention, a gear device without multi-plate clutches 10 and 11 and clutch gears 12 and 14, for example, a plurality of gears with different diameters are fixedly fitted to a plurality of upper and lower rotating shafts that are parallel to each other, and these gears are connected to each other. The present invention can also be applied to a gear box or the like in which a plurality of rotating shafts are interlocked and rotated in conjunction with each other.

1 Transmission (gear device)
2 Gear case 2a Side wall 3 Cover plate (side wall)
4 bolt 5 input shaft 6 shaft hole 7 bearing 8 attachment 9 hydraulic motor 9a rotating shaft 10 first speed multi-plate clutch 11 second speed multi-plate clutch 12 first speed clutch gear 13 bearing 14 second speed clutch gear 15 Oil passage 16 Intermediate shaft (first rotation shaft)
17 Bearing 18 Input gear 19 First intermediate gear 20 Second intermediate gear 21 Oil passage 22 Blocking member 23 Retainer 24 Connector 25 Oil discharge passage 26 Output shaft (second rotation shaft)
27 Shaft hole 28 Ball bearing (bearing)
29 Bolt 30 Retainer 31 Attachment 32 Spline 33 Bolt 34 Presser plate 35 Annular space (oil introduction path)
36 Oil seal 37 Output gear 38 Lubricating oil 39 Oil filter 39a discharge hole 40 Connector 41 Oil pump 42 Pipe 43 Oil introduction hole (oil introduction path)
44 Space (oil introduction route)
45 Female thread portion 46 Oil receiver 46a Receptor 47 Male thread portion 48 Oil guide hole 49 Fitting hole 50 Oil introduction path

Claims (4)

Both ends of a plurality of upper and lower rotating shafts housed in a gear case so as to be parallel to each other and rotated in conjunction with each other via a gear are rotatably supported by bearings provided on both side walls of the gear case. In the gear device,
An oil passage that is provided so as to face in the axial direction inside the first rotation shaft located at a higher position among the plurality of rotation shafts, and in which lubricating oil is supplied from one opening end;
An oil discharge passage provided in the first rotating shaft so as to communicate with the oil passage inside, and having an open end opened in the gear case;
Oil that is attached to the inner surface of the side wall of the gear case below the first rotating shaft and that has a receiving port facing a direction in which the lubricating oil discharged from the opening end of the oil discharge passage in the first rotating shaft can be received. A receiver,
The outer surface of the bearing communicates with the outer surface of the bearing that supports the side end of the second rotating shaft below the first rotating shaft and the receiving port of the oil receiving device, and flows into the oil receiving device. And an oil introduction route adapted to be introduced into the
A lubricating structure for a bearing in a gear device, characterized in that an axial center position of the receiving port and an axial center position of the oil discharge passage are made to coincide with each other . The receptacle, a line perpendicular to the end face, the lubrication structure of the bearing in claim 1 Symbol mounting of the gear unit formed by providing so as to pass through the center of the first rotation axis. A shaft hole is provided in the side wall of the gear case, and a bearing that supports one end of the second rotating shaft is fitted into the shaft hole, and the outer surface of the bearing is pressed by a retainer attached to the outer surface of the side wall. 3. A lubricating structure for a bearing in a gear device according to claim 1, wherein an oil introduction path is provided in the retainer. A concave fitting hole is provided on the inner side surface of the side wall of the gear case, a bearing supporting one end of the second rotating shaft is fitted into the fitting hole, and an oil introduction path is provided inside the side wall. A bearing lubrication structure in a gear device according to claim 1 or 2 .

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