JP5714111B2 - 酸化鉄ナノカプセル、酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法及びこれを利用したmri造影剤 - Google Patents
酸化鉄ナノカプセル、酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法及びこれを利用したmri造影剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5714111B2 JP5714111B2 JP2013525844A JP2013525844A JP5714111B2 JP 5714111 B2 JP5714111 B2 JP 5714111B2 JP 2013525844 A JP2013525844 A JP 2013525844A JP 2013525844 A JP2013525844 A JP 2013525844A JP 5714111 B2 JP5714111 B2 JP 5714111B2
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- iron oxide
- nanocapsules
- relational expression
- oxide nanoparticles
- organic solvent
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 280
- 239000002088 nanocapsule Substances 0.000 title claims description 168
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- 239000002616 MRI contrast agent Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 229940031182 nanoparticles iron oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 118
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- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
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- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Polymers OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)CO1 RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- WTFXARWRTYJXII-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] WTFXARWRTYJXII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- HOIQWTMREPWSJY-GNOQXXQHSA-K iron(3+);(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O HOIQWTMREPWSJY-GNOQXXQHSA-K 0.000 description 3
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- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/06—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations
- A61K49/18—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes
- A61K49/1818—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1821—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1824—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/06—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations
- A61K49/18—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes
- A61K49/1818—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1821—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1824—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles
- A61K49/1827—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/06—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations
- A61K49/18—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes
- A61K49/1818—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1821—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles
- A61K49/1824—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles
- A61K49/1827—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle
- A61K49/1833—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with a small organic molecule
- A61K49/1839—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with a small organic molecule the small organic molecule being a lipid, a fatty acid having 8 or more carbon atoms in the main chain, or a phospholipid
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- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/06—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations
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- A61K49/1851—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with an organic macromolecular compound, i.e. oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric organic molecule
- A61K49/1857—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, microcapsules, liposomes particles, e.g. uncoated or non-functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised microparticles or nanoparticles coated or functionalised nanoparticles having a (super)(para)magnetic core, being a solid MRI-active material, e.g. magnetite, or composed of a plurality of MRI-active, organic agents, e.g. Gd-chelates, or nuclei, e.g. Eu3+, encapsulated or entrapped in the core of the coated or functionalised nanoparticle having a (super)(para)magnetic core coated or functionalised with an organic macromolecular compound, i.e. oligomeric, polymeric, dendrimeric organic molecule the organic macromolecular compound being obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. PLGA
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Description
5≦100*Dm(IO)/Cv(IO)
(関係式2)
2.5≦100*Dm(Cap)/Cv(Cap)
(関係式3)
0.5重量%≦F(IO)≦50重量%
(関係式4)
1nm≦Dm(IO)≦25nm
(関係式5)
50nm≦Dm(Cap)≦200nm
(前記関係式1中、Dm(IO)は、酸化鉄ナノ粒子の平均サイズであり、Cv(IO)は、酸化鉄ナノ粒子のサイズ分布において標準偏差(standard deviation)で、前記関係式2中、前記Dm(Cap)は、酸化鉄ナノカプセルの平均サイズであり、Cv(Cap)は、酸化鉄ナノカプセルのサイズ分布において標準偏差であり、前記関係式3中、F(IO)は、酸化鉄ナノカプセルで封入された酸化鉄ナノ粒子の重量%であり、前記関係式4中、Dm(IO)は、関係式1の定義と同一で、前記関係式5中、Dm(Cap)は、関係式2の定義と同一である。)
(関係式6)
10≦100*Dm(IO)/Cv(IO)
(関係式7)
5≦100*Dm(Cap)/Cv(Cap)
(前記関係式6のDm(IO)及びCv(IO)は、関係式1の定義と同一であり、前記関係式7のDm(Cap)及びCv(Cap)は、関係式2の定義と同一である。)
(関係式8)
7重量%≦F(IO)≦35重量%
(前記関係式8のF(IO)は、関係式3の定義と同一である。)
さらに、前記技術の当業者は、本発明の根本的な概念とその実行を容易に修正または変更できる。
オレエートが付着された10nm単分散酸化鉄ナノ粒子の大量生産
塩化鉄10.8gとオレイン酸ナトリウム36.5gをエタノール80ml、蒸留水60ml、ヘキサン140mlを含む混合溶媒に溶解させ、57℃にその混合物を加熱し、1時間の間に同じ温度に維持させた。この過程の間に、水相で初期の緋色が澄み、初期の透明な有機相が赤い光を帯びるが、これはオレイン酸鉄錯体を含む上部有機層が分離され、その後前記ヘキサンは蒸発され、その結果、粘性を有した液体形態になった。オレイン酸鉄錯体36g(製造された粘性を有した液体)をオクタデセン200gとオレイン酸5.7gの混合物に添加した。
オレエートが付着された4nm単分散酸化鉄ナノ粒子の大量生産
溶媒としてヘキサデセン100gを使用したことと、最終昇温温度が280℃であることを除いては、製造例1に記載されたことと同じ工程を利用して酸化鉄ナノ粒子を大量合成した。
高分子末端がカルボキシル基で分子量が5,000であるPLGA200mgをエチルアセテート10mlに入れて、10分間撹拌して完全に溶解させた。製造例1で製造された単分散酸化鉄ナノ粒子200mgを前記溶液に添加した後、45℃で60分間超音波処理してPLGA−酸化鉄ナノ粒子溶液を製造した。酸化鉄ナノ粒子が溶媒に完全に分散されなかったときには、不透明な褐色を表し5分以内に大部分が沈殿するが、酸化鉄ナノ粒子が超音波処理により完全に分散された場合には、濃く透明な黒色光を表し、数日以上沈殿物が生じなかった。
高分子末端がカルボキシル基で分子量が20,000であるPLGA200mgをエチルアセテート150mlに入れて10分間撹拌して完全に溶解させて第1溶液を製造し、製造例1で生産された単分散酸化鉄ナノ粒子200mgを非極性有機溶媒であるヘキサン100mlに添加して1時間の間に超音波処理して、完全に分散させて第2溶液を製造した。以後、第1溶液と第2溶液とを混合して30分間撹拌し、二溶液が相分離無しで完全に混合されることを観察した。
PLGA40mg、エチルアセテート3ml、酸化鉄ナノ粒子200mg、プルロニックF−127 5重量%水溶液6ml、乳化時の撹拌速度26,000rpmを使用したことを除いては、実施例1に記載されたことと同じ工程を利用してナノカプセルを製造した。
PLGA40mg、エチルアセテート3ml、酸化鉄ナノ粒子40mg、プルロニックF−127 5重量%水溶液6ml、乳化時の撹拌速度26,000rpmを使用したことを除いては、実施例1に記載されたことと同じ工程を利用してナノカプセルを製造した。
実施例1で製造したPLGA−酸化鉄ナノカプセルを利用して、MRI T2肝造影剤として使用可能性を評価するために、4.7T磁気共鳴画像診断機(Biospec 47/40,Bruker Biospin MRI GmbH)でBGA12 gradient coilを利用して、体外(invitro)T2弛緩性能を評価した。酸化鉄−PLGAナノカプセル粉末の鉄濃度をICP−AESを介して分析した後、これを0.01M PBS(Phosphate Buffered Saline,pH7.4)溶液に1〜4μgFe/mlの濃度で分散した。最初の溶液を1/2ずつ希薄して全体5種のサンプルを製造した後、これを250μlのチューブに入れて一度にT2弛緩時間を測定した。T2弛緩時間の測定は、MSME(Multi Slice Multi Echo sequence)パルス列を利用し、具体的なパラメーターは、次の通りである。
実施例1で製造した酸化鉄−PLGAナノカプセルを利用して、MRI T2肝造影剤として使用可能性を評価するために、4.7T磁気共鳴画像診断機(Biospec 47/40,Bruker Biospin MRI GmbH)でBGA12 gradient coilを利用して体内(invivo)T2弛緩性能を評価した。
T2減衰効果(△R2)=100*[1−(SNR)t/(SNR)0](SNR:Signal to Noise Ratio)
(SNR)t=(SI of ROI)t/(SI of Agarose)t
(SNR)0=(SI of ROI)0/(SI of Agarose)0
実施例1で製造したPLGA−酸化鉄ナノカプセルの毒性を評価するために、細胞毒性評価試験であるMTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide)]assayを行った。人間の腎臓細胞株であるHEK293細胞と肝細胞株であるHepG2細胞を使用して試験を行い、両細胞株とも試験容器の表面に付着して増殖する付着型細胞(adherent cell)で96−wellで1x105の密度で種菌した。
酸化鉄ナノ粒子の均一度が10以下であるPLGA−酸化鉄ナノカプセル
4nm酸化鉄ナノ粒子100mgと10nm酸化鉄ナノ粒子100mgとを混合して使用したことを除いては、前記実施例1に記載されたことと同じ方法で製造した酸化鉄ナノ粒子溶液10mlを利用し、実施例3に記載されたことと同じ工程を利用してナノカプセルを製造し、酸化鉄ナノ粒子のサイズ均一度は、2.8であった。
封入率が0.5重量%以下であるPLGA−酸化鉄ナノカプセル
酸化鉄ナノ粒子4mgを使用したことを除いては、前記実施例1に記載されたことと同じ方法で製造した酸化鉄ナノ粒子溶液10mlを利用し、実施例3に記載されたことと同じ工程を利用してナノカプセルを製造した。
平均サイズが200nm以上であるPLGA−酸化鉄ナノカプセル
前記実施例1で製造した酸化鉄ナノ粒子溶液10mlを利用し、乳化時の撹拌速度を7,000rpmで実施したことを除いては、実施例3に記載されたことと同じ工程を利用してナノカプセルを製造した。
R2max)約34%に過ぎなかった。
Claims (22)
- 疎水性リガンドが結合された複数の酸化鉄ナノ粒子が生分解性高分子及び界面活性剤を含むカプセル物質に封入された酸化鉄ナノカプセルであり、下記の関係式1、2、3、4及び5を満たし、前記生分解性高分子が、ポリラクチド(polylactide)、ポリグリコリド(polyglycolide)及びポリラクチド−コ−グリコリド(poly(lactide-co-glycolide))の中から選ばれる1又は2以上を含む、酸化鉄ナノカプセル。
(関係式1)
10≦100*Dm(IO)/Cv(IO)
(関係式2)
2.5≦100*Dm(Cap)/Cv(Cap)
(関係式3)
7重量%≦F(IO)≦35重量%
(関係式4)
1nm≦Dm(IO)≦25nm
(関係式5)
50nm≦Dm(Cap)≦200nm
(前記関係式1中、Dm(IO)は、酸化鉄ナノ粒子の平均サイズであり、Cv(IO)は、酸化鉄ナノ粒子のサイズ分布において標準偏差であり、前記関係式2中、前記Dm(Cap)は、酸化鉄ナノカプセルの平均サイズであり、Cv(Cap)は、酸化鉄ナノカプセルのサイズ分布において標準偏差で、前記関係式3中、F(IO)は、酸化鉄ナノカプセルに封入された酸化鉄ナノ粒子の重量%であり、前記関係式4中、Dm(IO)は、前記関係式1の定義と同一で、前記関係式5中、Dm(Cap)は、前記関係式2の定義と同一である。) - 下記の関係式7をさらに満たすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセル。
(関係式7)
5≦100*Dm(Cap)/Cv(Cap)
(前記関係式7のDm(Cap)及びCv(Cap)は、関係式2の定義と同一である。) - 有機溶媒に0.1ないし20重量%の酸化鉄ナノ粒子が分散され0.1ないし20重量%の生分解性高分子が溶解された酸化鉄ナノ粒子分散液と、界面活性剤水溶液とを混合及び乳化して乳化液を製造し、前記乳化液に水を添加して製造されたことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセル。
- 疎水性リガンドは、オレイン酸(oleic acid)、ステアリン酸(stearic acid)、ラウリン酸(lauric acid)、パルミチン酸(palmitic acid)、オクタン酸(octanoic acid)及びデカン酸(decanoic acid)の中から選ばれる1又は2以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセル。
- 界面活性剤は、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、ポリビニルアルコール、ポロキサマー、ポリソルベート及びアルキルジフェニルオキシドジスルホネートの中から選ばれる1又は2以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセル。
- 生分解性高分子の分子量(Mw)は、1,000ないし250,000であることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセル。
- 請求項1〜6のうちのいずれか1項に記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルを含有するMRI T2造影剤。
- 請求項1〜6のうちのいずれか1項に記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルを含有するMRI T2肝造影剤。
- 下記のa1)〜c)ステップを含んだ乳化拡散法を利用した酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法であって、
a1)生分解性高分子を極性有機溶媒に溶解した後、前記極性有機溶媒に疎水性リガンドが結合された酸化鉄ナノ粒子を添加し超音波処理して、酸化鉄ナノ粒子分散液を製造するステップ、
b)前記酸化鉄ナノ粒子分散液と界面活性剤水溶液とを混合して乳化し、乳化液を得る乳化ステップ、
c)前記乳化液に水を添加して、酸化鉄ナノカプセルを製造する拡散ステップ
前記ステップa1)の酸化鉄ナノ粒子が下記の関係式1及び4を満たし、前記生分解性高分子がポリラクチド、ポリグリコリド及びポリラクチド−コ−グリコリドの中から選ばれる1又は2以上を含む、酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
(関係式1)
10≦100*D m (IO)/C v (IO)
(関係式4)
1nm≦D m (IO)≦25nm
(前記関係式1中、D m (IO)は、酸化鉄ナノ粒子の平均サイズであり、C v (IO)は、酸化鉄ナノ粒子のサイズ分布において標準偏差であり、前記関係式4中、D m (IO)は、前記関係式1の定義と同一である) - 下記のa2)〜c)ステップを含んだ乳化拡散法を利用した酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法であって、
a2)生分解性高分子を極性有機溶媒に溶解するステップ、
a3)前記極性有機溶媒より沸点の低い非極性有機溶媒に疎水性リガンドが結合された酸化鉄ナノ粒子を分散するステップ、
a4)前記生分解性高分子が溶解された極性有機溶媒と前記酸化鉄ナノ粒子が分散された非極性有機溶媒とを混合した後、蒸留により前記非極性有機溶媒を除去して酸化鉄ナノ粒子分散液を製造するステップ、
b)前記酸化鉄ナノ粒子分散液と界面活性剤水溶液とを混合して乳化し、乳化液を得る乳化ステップ、
c)前記乳化液に水を添加して酸化鉄ナノカプセルを製造する拡散ステップ
前記ステップa3)の酸化鉄ナノ粒子が下記の関係式1及び4を満たし、前記生分解性高分子がポリラクチド、ポリグリコリド及びポリラクチド−コ−グリコリドの中から選択される1又は2以上を含む、酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
(関係式1)
10≦100*D m (IO)/C v (IO)
(関係式4)
1nm≦D m (IO)≦25nm
(前記関係式1中、D m (IO)は、酸化鉄ナノ粒子の平均サイズであり、C v (IO)は、酸化鉄ナノ粒子のサイズ分布において標準偏差であり、前記関係式4中、D m (IO)は、前記関係式1の定義と同一である。) - c)ステップ後、透析及び凍結乾燥により酸化鉄ナノカプセル粉末を製造するステップがさらに行われることを特徴とする請求項9又は10に記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- 酸化鉄ナノカプセルのサイズ及び分布は、乳化ステップ及び拡散ステップのそれぞれにおいて行われる撹拌により制御されることを特徴とする請求項9〜11のいずれかに記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- 乳化ステップの撹拌は8000rpm以上で行われ、拡散ステップの撹拌は100rpm以上で行われることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- 酸化鉄ナノカプセルのサイズ及び分布は、a4)ステップの蒸留後に残留する非極性有機溶媒の残留量により制御されることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- a4)ステップでの蒸留により極性有機溶媒:非極性有機溶媒の体積比は、100:1以下に制御されることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- 酸化鉄ナノカプセルに封入された酸化鉄ナノ粒子の封入量は、酸化鉄ナノ粒子分散液の酸化鉄ナノ粒子の濃度及び生分解性高分子の濃度により制御されることを特徴とする請求項9〜15のいずれかに記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- 酸化鉄ナノ粒子分散液は、0.1ないし20重量%の酸化鉄ナノ粒子及び0.1ないし20重量%の生分解性高分子を含有することを特徴とする請求項9〜16のいずれかに記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- 疎水性リガンドが結合された酸化鉄ナノ粒子は、熱分解法で製造されたことを特徴とする請求項9〜17のいずれかに記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- 極性有機溶媒は、エチルアセテート、メチレンクロライド、ジメチルスルホキシド、プロピレンカーボネート及びベンジルアルコールの中から選ばれる1又は2以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項9〜18のいずれかに記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- 非極性有機溶媒は、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、ペンタン及びオクタンの中から選ばれる1又は2以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- 界面活性剤は、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、ポリビニルアルコール、ポロキサマー、ポリソルベート、アルキルジフェニルオキシドジスルホネートの中から選ばれる1又は2以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項9〜20のいずれかに記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
- 界面活性剤水溶液の濃度は、1ないし10重量%であり、乳化液の生分解性高分子:界面活性剤の重量比は100:10ないし10000であることを特徴とする請求項9〜21のいずれかに記載の酸化鉄ナノカプセルの製造方法。
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